Trends in the incidence of cryptorchidism and hypospadias of registry-based data in Korea： a comparison between industrialized areas of petrochemical estates and a non-industrialized area

This study aimed to represent the recent trends in the nationwide incidence of cryptorchidism and hypospadias in Korea, and to determine whether there is evidence of spatial heterogeneity in the incidence. The incidence was calculated as the number of newly diagnosed patients （males） during the first 4 years after a live birth in a population, nationally and regionally （a non-industrialized area （Chuncheon） and petrochemical estates （Yeocheon and Ulsan））, between 2000 and 2005. The data （numerator） for new patients were acquired from the National Health Insurance Review Agency, and the data （denominator） for the resident registration population were from the National Statistical Office. Between 2000 and 2005, the national incidence of cryptorchidism and hypospadias had an increased tendency from 5.01 to 17.43 per 10 000 persons and from 1.40 to 3.28 per 10 000 persons, respectively. The incidence of cryptorchidism was significantly higher in Yeocheon （throughout the study period） and in Ulsan （2001, 2002, 2004 and 2005） than the national incidence, whereas the incidence in Chuncheon was significantly lower in 2001 and 2002. It was difficult to compare the rates of hypospadias yearly and regionally because of the small number of cases. In conclusion, the incidence of cryptorchidism has recently increased in Korea. The petrochemical estates, Yeocheon and Ulsan, had a significantly higher incidence of cyptorchidism than the national incidence, which suggests that further study is needed to obtain a more precise estimation of the trends in the incidence of the anomalies and to confirm the association between petrochemicals and the anomalies.

Single stage dorsal inlay buccal mucosal graft with tubularized incised urethral plate technique for hypospadias reoperations

Aim： To report the experience with single stage dorsal inlay buccal mucosal grafts using the Snodgrass technique for complex redo cases. Methods： From May 2004 to December 2005, a total of 53 patients aged from 3 to 34 years old （average 11.62 ± 7.18 years） with failed previous hypospadias surgery were included in the present study. Indications included urethral strictures and repair breakdown. The unhealthy urethra was unroofed from the meatus in the ventral midline, a buccal mucosal graft was inlayed between the incised urethral plate and fixed to the corpora cavernosa. The neourethra was tubularized, and covered with subcutaneous （dartos） tissue and penile skin. Glanuloplasty was also performed in all cases. Outcome analysis included clinical follow-up, and endoscopy in 2 selected cases. Results： The buccal mucosal graft was 3.0-7.5 cm in length and 0.7-2.0 cm in width. All patients required glanuloplasty, with buccal mucosal grafts extended to the tip of the glans. After a follow-up of 14-30 months （mean 22.6 months）, the total complication rate was 15.1%, with five cases of fistula and three cases of stricture. Conclusion： Inlaying dorsal buccal mucosal grafts applying the Snodgrass technique is a reliable method for creating a substitute urethral plate for tubularization. The recurrent rate of urethral stricture and fistula is at an acceptable level for redo cases. This approach represents an effective, simple and safe option for reoperations.

Management of 220 adolescents and adults with complications of hypospadias repair during childhood

Objective:The goal of hypospadias repair is to achieve normal voiding and good penile cosmesis with minimal complications.Some urethroplasties deteriorate from childhood to adolescence and late stage failures have been reported.We report our experience with adult patients who have had a previous repair during childhood and present with a late complication.Methods:We reviewed the records of 220 patients aged 15e39 years old with a history of hypospadias repair who presented to our clinic.Forty-five patients with chordee,39 with urethral strictures,11 urethral fistulae,five with hairy urethras,three with urethral diverticula,and 117 patients with an abnormal glans or subterminal meatus were repaired.Results:Median follow-up was 14 months.Two patients had persistent chordee.Island skin flap urethroplasty afforded one patient with a urethral fistula and another with a recurrent urethral stricture,while the buccal mucosa group had one fistula which healed spontaneously and two recurrent strictures.For the patients undergoing glanular repairs,seven had dehiscence or breakdown of the repair.All other operations were successful.Conclusion:Complications of childhood hypospadias repair may present later in life as some urethroplasties deteriorate with time.We now recommend to parents of children with repaired proximal hypospadias to come for follow-up as their child transitions to adolescence.

A modified method for the treatment of urethral fistula after hypospadias repair

Urethrocutaneous fistula （UCF） is a common complication of hypospadias surgery for severe hypospadias. We report our experience in the management of UCF following hypospadias surgery with a prepuce-degloving method （PDM）. Our study included 87 patients who developed UCF after hypospadias repair from May 2001 to December 2011. Either simple closure or PDM was performed to repair the fistula. In total, 61 patients underwent a simple closure or Y-V plasty of the fistula, and 26 underwent a PDM repair. The success rate was 78.7% for simple closure or Y-V plasty and 96.2% for PDM repair （P〈0.05）. PDM repair represents a good choice for UCF repair after hypospadias, and our high 96.2% success rate demonstrates its applicability.

Comparison of post-urethroplasty complication rates in pediatric cases with hypospadias using Vicryl or polydioxanone sutures

Objective:Hypospadias is a common congenital problem among male newborns.Both rapid absorbable sutures(polyglactin,Vicryl)and delayed absorbable sutures(polydioxanone,PDO)are used in hypospadias repair based on the surgeon's preference.This study was conducted to compare post-urethroplasty complication rates in pediatric patients with hypospadias using Vicryl or PDO sutures.Methods:This is a retrospective study which was designed and performed on 583 children aged 1-7 years old who had undergone hypospadias repair from January 2012 to December 2018.Required data were obtained from the patients'medical records.Results:Overall,post-surgical complications were observed in 60(10.3%)patients comprising urethro-cutaneous fistula(n=39,6.7%),meatal stenosis(n=10,1.7%),urethral stricture(n=7,1.2%),and glans dehiscence(n=4,0.7%).The mean age of the children with complications was 3.0±1.3 years.According to Kaplan-Meier estimate,the interval between surgery and development of complications was significantly shorter in the Vicryl group(p=0.037).Overall,complications were more prevalent in Vicryl suture than PDO suture(15.1%vs.5.3%,p<0.001).Regression model revealed that in comparison to the distal type,proximal hypospadias(odds ratio[OR]:103.9,95%confidence interval[CI]:32.2-334.9,p<0.001)and mid-shaft hypospadias(OR:82.9,95%CI:25.9-264.6,p<0.001)while using Vicryl suture instead of PDO suture(OR:62.4,95%CI:21.2-183.8,p<0.001)increased the odds of developing post-urethroplasty complications.Conclusion:We suggest PDO suture in the repair of hypospadias due to its lower complication rate,especially in cases of proximal and mid-shaft hypospadias which can get more complicated than the distal type.

Comparison of Results of TIPU Repair for Hypospadias with “Spongioplasty Alone” and “Spongioplasty with Dorsal Dartos Flap”

Objective: The aim of our study was to compare the results of tubularized plate urethroplasty with interposing healthy tissue spongioplasty alone and spongioplasty with dorsal dartos flap to assess the role of dartos flap in prevention of fistulae. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 80 patients, aged 4 months to 27 years who underwent hypospadias repair using the Snodgrass technique. The patients were assigned to two groups. In group I (40 patients) the neourethra was covered with spongioplasty only, and in group II (40 patients) the neourethra was covered with spongioplasty plus dartos flap. Integrity of the urethral plate was maintained in all the cases. The ventral curvature & torsion was corrected by penile de-gloving, mobilization of the urethral plate and spongiosum and mobilization of the proximal urethra if needed. The results were analysed in view of complication rates. The average period of hospital stay was 7 days & follow-up varied from 8 months to 28 months with a mean of 14 months. Results: In group I, hypospadias were distal penile in 31 (77.5%), mid-penile in 4 (10%) and proximal/peno-scrotal in 5 (12.5%) patients. In group II, hypospadias were distal penile in 17 (42.5%), mid penile in 9 (22.5%) and proximal/peno-scrotal in 14 (35%) patients. Sixty five percent in group I and 80% in group II had ventral curvature but the difference was not statistically significant. Good functional results were achieved in 97.5% patients in group I and in 95% patients in group II?which were statistically similar (p value—0.585). Urethral fistula was encountered in 2.5% in group I & in 2 cases (5%) in group II. Meatal stenosis was noted in 7.5% each in both groups, which responded to urethral dilatation. One patient in group II had complete disruption.?There was no statistically significant difference in early and late complications in both groups (p value—0.812). Conclusions:?Spongioplasty with healthy spongiosal tissue is strong enough and is?effective waterproofing?as an interposition layer. However, more prospective studies in different hands are needed to omit the step of dorsal dartos interposition.

杞精明目汤联合人工泪液对肝肾阴虚型结膜松弛症患者泪液中Th17相关细胞因子的影响

目的:观察中药杞精明目汤联合人工泪液治疗对肝肾阴虚型结膜松弛症(CCH)患者泪液中Th17相关细胞因子的改变。方法:收集56例56眼Ⅱ-Ⅲ级肝肾阴虚型CCH患者,随机分为治疗组(杞精明目汤联合人工泪液)26例26眼和对照组(单纯人工泪液)30例30眼,疗程1 mo,观察治疗前后患者的国际眼表疾病指数(OSDI)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪河高度(TMH)、球结膜充血指数。采集治疗前后CCH患者的泪液,通过流式免疫荧光发光法对患者泪液中Th17相关细胞因子进行检测和分析。结果:治疗组与对照组CCH患者治疗后OSDI、BUT、球结膜充血指数均较治疗前均明显改善(均P<0.01);治疗后治疗组患者TMH较治疗前显著降低(P<0.01),对照组患者治疗前后TMH无差异(P=0.41)。治疗组CCH患者在治疗后泪液中Th17相关细胞因子IL-17A、IL-22、IFN-γ、IL-17F、IL-1β水平较治疗前明显降低(均P<0.01),且治疗组的变化更为显著(均P<0.05);而对照组治疗前后泪液中Th17相关细胞因子无差异(均P>0.05)。治疗后两组CCH患者泪液中IL-6、TNF-α均较治疗前降低(均P<0.05),但治疗组的变化更为显著(均P<0.01)。结论:杞精明目汤联合人工泪液治疗可有效改善肝肾阴虚型结膜松弛症患者眼表微环境,提高泪膜稳定性,抑制眼表炎症,可能与其降低泪液中Th17相关细胞因子的分泌相关。

The role of tunica vaginalis flap in staged repair of hypospadias

Objective:The surgical repair of hypospadias is done in two stages in a select group of patients with severe anomaly.The first stage(Ⅰ)procedure consists of correction of penile shaft curvature and second stage(Ⅱ)repair involves the creation of a neourethra.This neourethra needs a cover of an intermediate layer in order to have good functional and cosmetic results.Among the various local flaps,tunica vaginalis flap is a good option for the use as an intermediate layer.Methods:We have managed 22 patients of chordee with hypospadias by staged repair.In Stage I,chordee correction was done by dividing the urethral plate and covering the penile shaft with dorsal prepucial flaps.In Stage Ⅱ,a neourethra was created and covered with tunica vaginalis flap either through the same incision(14/22)or via a subcutaneous tunnel(8/22).An indwelling catheter was kept for 10 to 12 days.Results:Eighteen(81.8%)patients had successful functional and cosmetic repair.Two patients(9.1%)had urethrocutaneous fistula of which one healed on subsequent dilatation while the other one(4.5%)needed repair.Overall fistula formation rate was 4.5%.In two patients,the external urinary meatus could be made upto subglanular or coronal level.Conclusion:Staged repair of chordee with hypospadias is valuable in selected group of patients and tunica vaginalis flap is an excellent intermediate layer to cover the neourethra.However preoperative counseling is particularly essential in patients where the external urinary meatus can be created at coronal or subglanular level.

Appendicular Mucosal Tube Implant with Dartos Wrap Operation for Hypospadias

Aims and Objective: To develop a better operation for hypospadias patients with poor and bad quality urethral plate and damaged urethral plate as in hypospadias cripples. Materials and Methods: I operated 21 cases of hypospadias with Appendicular mucosal tube implant with Dartos wrap operation from 17/04/2017 to 03/03/2019, in Jawale Institute of pediatric Surgery, and that group was labeled as group A. 27 cases of hypospadias were operated in same time span with conventional techniques such as extended Snodgrass operation and Byar’s two-stage operation (group B), kept as control. 7 patients (33.33%) were cases of hypospadias cripples with multiple surgeries done in the past. 4 patients (9.52%) patients had congenital short urethra. Remaining 10 patients (50%) were fresh cases with no operation done in past but with bad and fibrotic urethral plate. The longest follow up was 3 years and the shortest of 1 year. Technique of Operation: Appendicectomy performed by open technique and the serosa of Appendix cut longitudinally and stripped off the mucosal tube. The proximal hypospadias opening sutured with the appendicular mucosal tube with 6 sutures of 5-0 Vicryl. Dartos fascia is raised from the scrotum wrapped over the tube and 8 - 10 interrupted stitches taken with 5-0 Vicryl. Glanuloplasty performed over it. Suprapubic diversion did and kept for 3 weeks postoperatively. Results: In group A, 3 patients developed fistula and only 1 (4.76%) required repair at the end of 6 weeks. 2 (9.52%) patients developed grade 3 infection and settled with conservative treatment. UFR was normal at the end of 12 weeks (12.85 Ml/sec. In group B, 11 patients developed fistula and 9 (33.33%) required repaired. 9 (33.33%) patients developed strictures and all of them required multiple urethral dilatation under GA. 7 (25.92%) patients developed meatal stenosis.UFR was badly reduced with average of 5.78 ML/Sec. Conclusion: The operation proves to be a much better option compared to the conventional for group A patients. We need a series with longer follow up and larger number of patients.

FREE GRAFT TWO-STAGE URETHROPLASTY FOR HYPOSPADIAS REPAIR

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of free graft transplantation two-stage urethroplasty for hypospadias repair. Methods Fifty-eight cases with different types of hypospadias including 10 subcoronal, 36 penile shaft, 9 scrotal, and 3 perineal were treated with free full-thickness skin graft or (and) buccal mucosal graft transplantation two-stage urethroplasty. Of 58 cases, 45 were new cases, 13 had history of previous failed surgeries. Operative procedure included two stages: the first stage is to correct penile curvature (chordee), prepare transplanting bed, harvest and prepare full-thickness skin graft, buccal mucosal graft, and perform graft transplantation. The second stage is to complete urethroplasty and glanuloplasty. Results After the first stage operation, 56 of 58 cases (96.6%) were successful with grafts healing well, another 2 foreskin grafts got gangrened. After the second stage operation on 56 cases, 5 cases failed with newly formed urethras opened due to infection, 8 cases had fistulas, 43 (76.8%) cases healed well. Conclusions Free graft transplantation two-stage urethroplasty for hypospadias repair is a kind of effective treatment with broad indication, comparatively high success rate, less complications and good cosmatic results, indicative of various types of hypospadias repair.

Four Cousins with Hypospadias, Is It Familial or Environmental? (Case Report)

Hypospadias is one of the most common birth defects. However, its etiology remains largely unknown. Genetic and also intrauterine environmental factors have a principal role in causing familial hypospadias. Hypospadias repair is done through several techniques, one of which is Snodgrass technique which has many advantages. The 4 cousins underwent repair with no complications during 6 months follow up period. Methods: Urethroplasty using Snodgrass hypospadias repair of 4 cousins with positive parental consanguinity and absent family history of hypospadias. Results: 4 cousins underwent Snodgrass (Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty) with no complications after 6 months follow up. Conclusion: Although there is high heritability of hypospadias that also aggregates within second- and third-degree relatives, environmental factors may play a principal role in causing familial hypospadias. Hypospadias repair has a long learning curve. The continuous auditing should be done to improve the results.

Hypospadias Repair and Its Complications at the Plastic Surgery Department, Khoula Hospital

This study reviewed the complications associated with hypospadias repair surgery done at Khoula hospital, Oman during the period of January, 2010 to October, 2015. During this period, 178 cases were operated. Snodgrass and Bracka’s techniques were the most used techniques. Complications were noted in 16 out of 82 patients operated using Snodgrass technique and 2 out 10 patients operated via Bracka’s technique. This study helped in shifting the practice towards the technique associated with the lowest complications. As a result we adopted for our practice MAGPI for glandular hypospadias, Snodgrass for any type of hypospadias without chordee and Bracka’s two stages repair for hypospadias with chordee.

The Complication Rate after Hypospadias Repair and Correlated Preoperative Symptoms

Aim: To assess the rate of complications following hypospadias repair in a consecutive series of boys and the correlations of those complications with their preoperative symptoms, degree of hypospadias and method of operation. This study was conducted to address the question of whether all boys with all degrees of hypospadias should undergo reconstruction. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. We included every boy who underwent an operation for the primary repair of hypospadias between January 2011 and April 2014. The median follow-up time was 24 months. The study ended in October 2014. The main outcome measurements were the frequency of postoperative complications and their correlations with the degree of hypospadias, the preoperative symptoms and the operative intervention performed. Results: Among the 76 boys who underwent operations, 23 had degree 1, 47 had degree 2, and 6 had degree 3 hypospadias. Preoperatively, 43 of the boys had symptoms that motivated the operation, including stenosis (38), a curvature (10) or both (5). Forty-three boys underwent operations with the MAVIS technique, 28 underwent TIP repair, 1 underwent a Duckett procedure, and 4 underwent Byar two-stage procedures. There were complications requiring reoperations including fistulas or ruptures in 26 (34%) boys. There were no significant differences in the rates of complications with surgery, fistulas (P = 0.4775), ruptures (P = 0.2417) or other complications (P = 0.5165) between the groups with or without preoperative symptoms, those with different degrees of hypospadias or those who underwent different operative methods for repair. Conclusions: The complication rate in this series was high. The study was prospective, and no boy was lost during follow-up. Because the complication rate did not correlate with the degree of hypospadias nor the preoperative symptoms, there may be a group of boys with hypospadias without symptoms for whose operations are questionable. The preoperative symptoms should be reported in future reports of the results of hypospadias surgery.

One-stage urethroplasty with circumferential vascular pedicle preputial island flap for perineal hypospadias

Objective To report the treatment of perineal hypospadias with one - stage urethroplaty with circumferential vascular pedicle preputial island flap. Methods A circumferential incision was made proximal to the cprona and the urethral plate to correct chordee. A U - shaped skin incision was then made surrounding the meatus。

补肾固胎方联合黄体酮注射液治疗肾虚型早期先兆流产疗效及对妊娠激素水平和Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响

目的 观察补肾固胎方联合黄体酮注射液治疗肾虚型早期先兆流产疗效及对妊娠激素水平和Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响。方法 采用随机数字表法将符合入选标准的120例肾虚型早期先兆流产患者分为观察组和对照组。对照组予黄体酮注射液治疗,观察组同联合补肾固胎方治疗。连续治疗2周后,比较两组中医证候积分(妊娠期阴道流血、小腹坠胀或疼痛、腰酸痛、膝关节酸软)、妊娠激素水平[雌二醇(Estradiol, E_(2))、人绒毛膜促性腺激素(Human chorionic gonadotropin, β-HCG)、孕酮(Progesterone, P)]、Th1/Th2细胞因子[白细胞介素2(interleukin-2,IL-2)、白细胞介素4(interleukin-4,IL-4)、γ干扰素(Interferon-γ,INF-γ)]改善情况,统计两组治疗总有效率、妊娠结局及不良反应发生率。结果 两组治疗后妊娠期阴道流血、小腹坠胀或疼痛、腰酸痛、膝关节酸软积分,IL-2、INF-γ水平均低于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组治疗后以上中医证候积分和IL-2、INF-γ水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后IL-4水平均高于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组治疗后IL-4水平高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组总有效率为(91.7%,55/60),高于对照组(75.0%,45/60)(P<0.05);观察组足月分娩率为(85.0%,51/60),高于对照组(56.7%,34/60)(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率为3.3%,低于对照组(25.0%)(P<0.05)。结论 补肾固胎方联合黄体酮注射液能够有效调节肾虚型早期先兆流产患者妊娠激素水平和Th1/Th2细胞因子水平,纠正免疫功能紊乱,降低患者流产率,提高足月妊娠率,改善妊娠结局。

基于正邪理论探讨Th17/Treg细胞在慢性心衰中的作用

慢性心力衰竭是多种心血管疾病的终末期阶段,心肌损伤后,免疫介导的Th17、Treg细胞在心衰的发病机制具有关键作用,通过分泌炎症因子,导致心肌纤维化、心室重塑。中医正邪理论内涵丰富,对于认识Th17/Treg细胞与心衰的发展及相互作用具有指导意义,隶属于正邪理论范畴,即Th17/Treg细胞平衡,有利于维持机体的免疫平衡,属于“正气”范畴;Th17/Treg细胞失衡可能破坏机体内环境的稳定,导致免疫异常,促进疾病的发生,属于“邪气”范畴。基于此,作者以正邪理论为切入点,从宏观、微观角度来阐述Th17/Treg细胞在慢性心力衰竭发展中的作用,提出心衰早期,正虚为主,邪实为辅;心衰中期,正虚邪实;心衰晚期,邪实为主,正虚为辅;心衰终末期,正虚为主。临床通过扶正祛邪,调整机体正邪平衡,恢复机体Th17/Treg细胞的动态平衡,以期为中医理论阐述Th17/Treg在心衰的发展作用的现代研究奠定基础,为心衰的诊治提供新的理论依据。

儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎肺泡灌洗液病菌量与Th1/Th2细胞免疫应答的相关性研究

目的探究儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎肺泡灌洗液病菌量与Th1/Th2细胞免疫应答的相关性。方法随机选择郑州大学附属儿童医院诊治的96例难治性肺炎支原体肺炎患儿为研究对象,根据肺泡灌洗液中肺炎支原体DNA含量进行分组,即>106/m L为高菌量组(n=35),103~106/m L为中菌量组(n=30),<103/m L为低菌量组(n=31)。检测三组患儿肺泡灌洗液的炎性因子水平,对比三组的炎性因子水平、肺部影像学与实验室检查结果、临床表现和基础情况,分析肺泡灌洗液中肺炎支原体DNA含量与炎性因子的相关性。结果在体温高于39℃、热程高于10天患儿占比以及总发热时间、使用抗生素后热程、住院时间、乳酸脱氢酶、血小板计数、中性粒细胞计数、淋巴细胞计数上,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),白细胞计数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);双侧或大量胸腔积液、肺不张或者大片肺实变发生率、白细胞介素-4(interleukin-4,IL-4)水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),三组之间的双侧肺病变、左侧肺病变、右侧肺病变发生率以及肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、干扰素(interferon-γ,INF-γ)、IL-8水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肺泡灌洗液中IL-4与肺炎支原体DNA水平呈正相关(P<0.05),肺泡灌洗液中TNF-α、INF-γ、IL-8与肺炎支原体DNA水平无相关性(P>0.05)。结论儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎肺泡灌洗液病菌量与Th1/Th2细胞免疫应答具有相关性,肺炎支原体DNA菌量越高,肺内外损害和肺部炎症越严重,Th1/Th2免疫应答失衡。

中医药对变应性鼻炎Th细胞因子影响的研究进展

变应性鼻炎(Allergic rhinitis,AR)是一种IgE介导的鼻黏膜炎症性疾病,由草花粉、树木、杂草花粉霉菌、尘螨和动物皮屑等空气变应原诱发。AR的特征是流涕、阵发性打喷嚏、鼻痒、鼻塞和流泪等症状^([1])。AR可根据病因分为常年AR和季节性AR,因为暴露于季节性过敏原后会出现季节性症状,这些症状在春季、夏季和秋季达到高峰^([2])。AR影响全球10%~30%的人口,且其患病率仍在上升,其中约67%的病例由草花粉和尘螨过敏组成^([3-4])。目前,西医对本病的干预手段大多选择药物治疗或免疫疗法,但药物治疗不良反应较大,患者依从性较差,且远期疗效欠佳;而免疫疗法费用昂贵,不易推广使用。近年,中医药疗法在本病的治疗中发挥出愈加重要的治疗作用,且绿色安全、患者接受度更高,对患者的临床症状、生活质量及各项免疫因子均有较为理想的改善作用。现综述近年来中医药对AR免疫因子影响的研究进展,以期为中医药在AR及其他变态反应性疾病领域的应用提供参考。

Th17/Treg、Th1/Th2联合NEWS2评分预测肺炎病情进展效能研究

目的研究辅助性T淋巴细胞17/调节性T淋巴细胞(Th17/Treg)、辅助性T淋巴细胞1/辅助性T淋巴细胞2(Th1/Th2)联合国家早期预警评分2(NEWS2)预测肺炎病情进展的效能。方法选取2020年4月—2023年3月收治的105例肺炎,根据病情进展情况分为未进展组、进展组,比较2组Th17/Treg、Th1/Th2、NEWS2评分,采用多因素Logistic回归分析建立多指标联合预测肺炎病情进展的模型,使用Stata 10.0软件确定最佳截断值及该位置的预测准确度,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,用曲线下面积(AUC)评价各协变量及联合预测因子预测肺炎病情进展的效能。结果进展组Th17/Treg、NEWS2评分高于未进展组,Th1/Th2低于未进展组(P<0.01);Th17/Treg、NEWS2评分升高是肺炎病情进展的独立危险因素,Th1/Th2升高是肺炎病情进展的独立保护因素(P<0.01);将原始协变量拟合,生成新联合预测因子New-pre,其最佳截断值为0.102,此时预测准确率为97.00%;绘制ROC曲线显示,New-pre预测肺炎病情进展的AUC(0.916)高于Th17/Treg(0.704)、Th1/Th2(0.747)、NEWS2评分(0.819)(P<0.05)。结论肺炎病情进展患者Th17/Treg、NEWS2评分升高,Th1/Th2降低,三者联合可作为预测个体病情进展定量方案,可为临床治疗、病情进展评估提供参考依据。

清热化瘀方调控Th17对小鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的 探索清热化瘀方通过调控T辅助细胞17(Th17)对小鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤(I/R)的影响。方法 45只小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和清热化瘀方低、中、高剂量组(13、26、52 g/kg),各组小鼠灌胃给予不同剂量清热化瘀方或蒸馏水7 d,通过左冠状动脉结扎30 min再灌注24 h建立心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型。术后24 h采用心脏超声检测心功能,HE染色观察心脏组织病理改变,TTC染色观察心脏梗死面积,试剂盒检测血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、白介素17(IL-17)和白介素6(IL-6)水平,Western blot和RT-qPCR法检测心脏组织中RORγt mRNA和蛋白表达,流式细胞术检测外周血中Th17、Treg和Th17/Treg细胞比例。结果 与模型组比较,清热化瘀方组小鼠心功能提高,梗死面积减少,Th17细胞比例降低,促炎因子IL-17和IL-6水平降低,Th17/Treg动态平衡得到恢复(P<0.05)。结论 清热化瘀方可通过调节Th17恢复Th17/Treg稳态,从而减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤。