Wortmannin influences hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha expression and glycolysis in esophageal carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the influence of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)-HIF-1α signaling pathway on glycolysis in esophageal carcinoma cells under hypoxia. METHODS: Esophageal carcinoma cell lines Eca109 and TE13 were cultured under hypoxia environment, and the protein, m RNA and activity levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha(HIF-1α), glucose transporter 1, hexokinase-Ⅱ, phosphofructokinase 2 and lactate dehydrogenase-A were determined. Supernatant lactic acid concentrations were also detected. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was then inhibited with wortmannin, and the effects of hypoxia on the expression or activities of HIF-1α, associated glycolytic enzymes and lactic acid concentrations were observed. Esophageal carcinoma cells were then transfected with interference plasmid with HIF-1α-targeting si RNA to assess impact of the high expression of HIF-1α on glycolysis.RESULTS: HIF-1α is highly expressed in the esophageal carcinoma cell lines tested, and with decreasing levels of oxygen, the expression of HIF-1α and the associated glycolytic enzymes and the extracellular lactic acid concentration were enhanced in the esophageal carcinoma cell lines Eca109 and TE13. In both normoxia and hypoxic conditions, the level of glycolytic enzymesand the secretion of lactic acid were both reduced by wortmannin. The expression and activities of glycolytic enzymes and the lactic acid concentration in cells were reduced by inhibiting HIF-1α, especially the decreasing level of glycolysis was significant under hypoxic conditions.CONCLUSION: The PI3K/AKT pathway and HIF-1α are both involved in the process of glycolysis in esophageal cancer cells.

Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha stabilization for regenerative therapy in traumatic brain injury

Mild traumatic brain injury（TBI）, also called concussion, initiates sequelae leading to motor deficits, cognitive impairments and subtly compromised neurobehaviors. While the acute phase of TBI is associated with neuroinflammation and nitroxidative burst, the chronic phase shows a lack of stimulation of the neurorepair process and regeneration. The deficiency of nitric oxide（NO）, the consequent disturbed NO metabolome, and imbalanced mechanisms of S-nitrosylation are implicated in blocking the mechanisms of neurorepair processes and functional recovery in the both phases. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha（HIF-1α）, a master regulator of hypoxia/ischemia, stimulates the process of neurorepair and thus aids in functional recovery after brain trauma. The activity of HIF-1α is regulated by NO via the mechanism of S-nitrosylation of HIF-1α. S-nitrosylation is dynamically regulated by NO metabolites such as S-nitrosoglutathione（GSNO） and peroxynitrite. GSNO stabilizes, and peroxynitrite destabilizes HIF-1α. Exogenously administered GSNO was found not only to stabilize HIF-1α and to induce HIF-1α-dependent genes but also to stimulate the regeneration process and to aid in functional recovery in TBI animals.

Is the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha mRNA expression activated by ethanol-induced injury, the mechanism underlying alcoholic liver disease?

BACKGROUND: Excessive alcohol consumption can result in multiple organ injury, of which alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most common. With economic development and improvement of living standards, the incidence of diseases caused by alcohol abuse has been increasing in China, although its pathogenesis remains obscure. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of hypoxia in chronic ALD. METHODS: Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into a control group (n=12) with a normal history and an experimental group (n=16) fed with 10 ml/ kg of 56% (vol/vol) ethanol once per day by gastric lavage for 24 weeks. At 24 weeks, blood samples were collected and then the rats were killed. Liver samples were frozen at -80 ℃ and used for RT-PCR; other liver samples were obtained for immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: When the period of alcohol consumption increased, the positive rate of expression of hypoxia- inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) mRNA was more significantly elevated in the liver of the alcohol group than in the control group (P≤0.05). The HIF-1α protein located in the cytoplasm was seldom expressed in the control group, but significantly in the alcohol group (P≤0.01). CONCLUSION: HIF-1α mRNA expression was activated by ethanol-induced injury in this study, suggesting that hypoxia is involved in the underlying mechanism of ALD.

Expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha and ischemic erythropoietin tolerance in the brain of cerebral ischemic tolerance model rats

BACKGROUND： Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha （HIF-1 （x） and erythropoietin（EPO）, possessing neuroprotective effect in the cerebral ischemia, might play an important role in the formation of cerebral ischemic tolerance （IT）. OBJECTIVE：To observe the neuroprotective effect of cerebral ischemic preconditioning（IPC） of rats, and the expression and mechanism of HIF-1α and target gene erythropoietin in the brain tissue following the formation of cerebral IT. DESIGN ： A randomized and controlled observation SETTING： Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University MATERIALS： Totally 84 enrolled adult healthy male Wistar rats of clean grade, weighing 250 to 300 g, were provided by the Animal Experimental Department, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Ready-to-use SABC reagent kit and rabbit anti-rat HIF-1α monoclonal antibody were purchased from Boshide Bioengineering Co.Ltd （Wuhan）; Rabbit anti-rat EPO monoclonal antibody was purchased from Santa Cruz Company （USA）. METHODS： This experiment was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University during March 2005 to March 2006. ① The 84 rats were divided into 3 groups by a lot： IPC group （n=40）, sham-operation group （n=40） and control group （n=4）. In the IPC group, middle cerebral artery was occluded for 2 hours respectively on the 1^st, 3^rd, 7^th, 14^th and 21^st days of the reperfusion following 10-minute preischemia was made using a modified middle cerebral artery second suture method from Zea-Longa. The rats were sacrificed 22 hours after reperfusion in the end of middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO）. That was to say, after 10-minute preischemia, suture was exited to the extemal carotid artery and embedded subcutaneously. Middle cerebral artery was occluded again to form the second reperfusion at the set time point after reperfusion. Twenty-two hours later, rats were sacrificed; In the sham-operation group,the preischemia was substituted by sham-operation（only common carotid artery and crotch were exposed, and MCAO by suture was omitted）, and the other procedures were the same as those in the IPC group. In the control group, rats were given sham-operation twice at an interval of one day, and they were sacrificed 24 hours after the second sham-operation. ② Brain tissue was taken from the rats in each group. Cerebral infarction area of each layer was measured with TTC staining, and total cerebral infarction volume （The total cerebral infarction area of each layerxinterspace ） was calculated. After brain tissue was stained by haematoxylin-esoin （HE）, the form of nerve cells was observed under an optical microscope, and the expressions of HIF-1α（and EPO protein in the brain tissue were detected with immunohistochemical method. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ①Cerebral infarction volume;②form of nerve cell; ③ the expression of HIF-1α and EPO protein in the brain tissue. RESULTS：Totally 84 rats were enrolled in the experiment. The dead rats were randomly supplied during the experiment, and finally 84 rats entered the stage of result analysis. ① Detection of cerebral infarction volume of rats in each group： Cerebral infarction volume in the IPC group was significantly smaller than that in the sham-operation group on the 1^st, 3^rd and 7^th days after reperfusion respectively [（161.2±6.9） mm^3 vs （219.9±11.2） mm^3, （134.9±9.0） mm^3 vs （218.6±13.0） mm^3, （142.9±13.7） mm^3 vs （221.3±14.2） mm^3, t=-8.924, 10.587,7.947, P〈 0.01]. ② Observation of nerve cell form of brain tissue： HE staining showed that the ischemic degree, range and cerebral edema degree of IPC group were significantly milder than those of sham-operation group. ③ The expressions of HIF-1α and EPO protein in cerebral cortex and hippocampus ： The expression of HIF-1αof IPC group was significantly higher than that of sham-operation group on the 1^st, 3^rd and 7^th days after reperfusion respectively （125.93±3.79 vs 117.65±5.60, 140.63±4.64 vs 119.33±4.26, 131.15±2.74 vs 107.60±3.89, t=2.449, 6.763,9.899,P 〈 0.05-0.01）. The expression of EPO of IPC group was significantly higher than that of sham-operation group on the 3^rd and 7^th days after perfusion respectively （141.68±3.29 vs 126.33±4.51, 138.88±2.59 vs 125.58±6.18,t=5.499,3.970, P〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION ： ①IPC can protect the never cells in rat brain and the best time to onset of cerebral IT induced by IPC is 1 to 7 days after reperfusion. ② Neuroprotective effect of cerebral IT might be related to the expression of HIF-1α and its target gene EPO.

Puerarin decreases hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha in the hippocampus of vascular dementia rats

In this study, a rat vascular dementia model was established by permanent bilateral common carotid arterial occlusion. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with puerarin 3 days before modeling, for 45 successive days. Results demonstrated that in treated animals hippocampal structures were clear, nerve cells arranged neatly, and cytoplasm was rich in Nissl bodies. The number of cells positive for hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha, erythropoietin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase was reduced; and the learning and memory abilities of rats were significantly improved. Our experimental findings indicate that puerarin can significantly improve learning and memory in a vascular dementia model, and that the underlying mechanism may be associated with the regulation of the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha.

Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1 alpha in Lung Cancer: a Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha（HIF-1α） plays a vital role in the initiation, evaluation and prognosis in lung cancer. The prognostic value of HIF-1α reported in diverse study remains disputable. Accordingly, a meta-analysis was implemented to further understand the prognostic role of HIF-1α in lung cancer. The relationship between HIF-1α and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lung cancer were investigated by a meta-analysis. Pub Med and Embase were searched from their inception to January 2015 for observational studies. Fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of different comparisons. A total of 20 studies met the criteria. The results showed that HIF-1α expression in lung cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissues. Expression of HIF-1α in patients with squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that of patients with adenocarcinomas. Similarly, non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC） patients had higher HIF-1α expression than small cell lung cancer（SCLC） patients. Moreover, lymph node metastasized tissues had higher HIF-1α expression than non-lymph node metastasized tissues. A high level HIF-1α expression was well correlated with the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor in the NSCLC. Notably, NSCLC or SCLC patients with positive HIF-1α expression in tumor tissues had lower overall survival rate than patients with negative HIF-1α expression. It was suggested that HIF-1α expression may be a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.

The Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-alpha in Lung Cancer and Its Correlation with P53 and VEGF

To investigate the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and its correlation with P53 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), immunohistochemical technique was employed to detect the protein expressions of HIF-1α, P53 and VEGF in specimens from 57 patients with lung cancer. The results indicated that the total positive proportion of HIF-1α expression was 63 % and the HIF-1α expression was more frequent in bronchiole-alveolar carcinoma (86 %) than in other lung cancer. There was a strong association of HIF-1α with VEGF and P53 protein expressions. It is concluded that HIF-1α overexpression is a common event in lung cancer, which may be related to the up-regulation of the angiogenic factor VEGF and oncogene mutant P53 protein.

TSLP、HIF-1α、RANKL在义齿修复后种植体周围炎患者龈沟液中的表达及意义

目的研究胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素(TSLP)、缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)、核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)在义齿修复后种植体周围炎(PI)患者龈沟液中的表达及意义。方法回顾性选取2019年8月至2023年8月大同市第五人民医院收治的义齿修复患者86例作为研究对象,根据术后3个月是否发生PI将患者分为预后良好组(n=61)和预后不良组(n=25)。比较两组患者的临床资料及术前龈沟液TSLP、HIF-1α及RANKL水平,采用多因素Logistic回归分析对龈沟液TSLP、HIF-1α及RANKL水平与义齿修复患者术后发生PI的关系进行分析,采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析TSLP、HIF-1α及RANKL水平对义齿修复患者的预后评估价值。结果两组患者临床资料(性别、年龄、病程、义齿种植原因及种植颗数)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。预后良好组患者的龈沟液中TSLP、HIF-1α、RANKL水平分别为(122.57±11.30)ng/L、(417.79±115.43)ng/mL、(116.02±13.45)pg/μL,均明显低于预后不良组[(138.93±12.70)ng/L、(576.55±177.60)ng/mL、(133.24±15.69)pg/μL],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析义齿修复患者预后,结果显示龈沟液中TSLP水平升高、HIF-1α水平升高和RANKL水平升高是义齿修复患者术后发生PI的独立危险因素(OR=1.119,95%CI:1.048~1.195;OR=1.007,95%CI:1.002~1.013;OR=1.065,95%CI:1.016~1.117;P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析龈沟液中TSLP、HIF-1α、RANKL水平预测义齿修复患者预后的价值,结果显示曲线下面积(AUC)值分别为0.833、0.786和0.809。其中,RANKL具有最高的特异度(0.852),而HIF-1α具有最高的敏感度(0.800),具有较好的预测价值(P<0.05)。结论龈沟液中TSLP、HIF-1α、RANKL水平升高是义齿修复患者术后并发PI的独立危险因素,且均具有较高的预测义齿修复患者预后的价值。

Extracellular vesicles from hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells alleviates myocardial injury by targeting thioredoxininteracting protein-mediated hypoxia-inducible factor-1αpathway

BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles(EVs)derived from hypoxia-preconditioned(HP)mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have better cardioprotective effects against myocardial infarction(MI)in the early stage than EVs isolated from normoxic(NC)-MSCs.However,the cardioprotective mechanisms of HP-EVs are not fully understood.AIM To explore the cardioprotective mechanism of EVs derived from HP MSCs.METHODS We evaluated the cardioprotective effects of HP-EVs or NC-EVs from mouse adipose-derived MSCs(ADSCs)following hypoxia in vitro or MI in vivo,in order to improve the survival of cardiomyocytes(CMs)and restore cardiac function.The degree of CM apoptosis in each group was assessed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling and Annexin V/PI assays.MicroRNA(miRNA)sequencing was used to investigate the functional RNA diversity between HP-EVs and NC-EVs from mouse ADSCs.The molecular mechanism of EVs in mediating thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP)was verified by the dual-luciferase reporter assay.Co-immunoprecipitation,western blotting,and immunofluorescence were performed to determine if TXNIP is involved in hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha(HIF-1α)ubiquitination and degradation via the chromosomal region maintenance-1(CRM-1)-dependent nuclear transport pathway.RESULTS HP-EVs derived from MSCs reduced both infarct size(necrosis area)and apoptotic degree to a greater extent than NC-EVs from CMs subjected to hypoxia in vitro and mice with MI in vivo.Sequencing of EV-associated miRNAs showed the upregulation of 10 miRNAs predicted to bind TXNIP,an oxidative stress-associated protein.We showed miRNA224-5p,the most upregulated miRNA in HP-EVs,directly combined the 3’untranslated region of TXNIP and demonstrated its critical protective role against hypoxia-mediated CM injury.Our results demonstrated that MI triggered TXNIP-mediated HIF-1αubiquitination and degradation in the CRM-1-mediated nuclear transport pathway in CMs,which led to aggravated injury and hypoxia tolerance in CMs in the early stage of MI.CONCLUSION The anti-apoptotic effects of HP-EVs in alleviating MI and the hypoxic conditions of CMs until reperfusion therapy may partly result from EV miR-224-5p targeting TXNIP.

Inhibition of Expression of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α mRNA by Nitric Oxide in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension Rats

In order to study the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF 1α) mRNA in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) rats, 30 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normoxic control group, chronic hypoxic group and hypoxia plus L argine (L Arg) group. The animal model of HPH was developed. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) was measured by inserting a microcatheter into the pulmonary artery. The HIF 1α mRNA expression levels were detected by in situ hybridization (ISH) and semiquantitative RT PCR. It was found that after 14 days hypoxia, the mPAP in normoxic control group (17.6±2 7 mmHg,1 mmHg=0 133 kPa) was significantly lower than that in chronic hypoxic group(35.8±6.1 mmHg, t =0.2918, P <0.05) and mPAP in chronic hypoxic group was higher than that in hypoxia plus L argine group(24.4±3.8 mmHg, t =0.2563, P <0.05). ISH showed that the expression of HIF 1α mRNA in the intraacinar pulmonary arteriolae (IAPA) in normoxic control group (0.1076±0.0205) was markedly weaker than that in chronic hypoxic group (0.3317±0.0683, t =3.125, P <0.05) and that in chronic hypoxic group was stronger than that in hypoxia plus L argine group (0.1928±0.0381, t =2.844, P <0.05). RT PCR showed that the content of HIF 1α mRNA in chronic hypoxic group (2.5395±0.6449) was 2.16 times and 1.75 times higher than that in normoxic control group (1.1781±0.3628) and hypoxia plus L argine group (1.4511±0.3981), respectively. It is concluded that NO can reduce the mPAP by the inhibition of the expression of HIF 1α mRNA, which may be one of the mechanisms through which NO affects the pathogenesis of HPH.

益气升清方调节HIF-1α/NLRP3信号通路对缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经元焦亡的影响

目的 探究益气升清方调节缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)/NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NLRP3)信号通路对缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经元焦亡的影响。方法 将SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(S组),模型组(M组),益气升清方低、中、高剂量组(3.465、6.930、13.860 g/kg)及益气升清方高剂量+HIF-1α激活剂DMOG组(13.860 g/kg益气升清方+40 mg/kg DMOG),每组15只。采用线栓法构建脑卒中模型。造模成功后进行神经功能缺陷评估;TTC染色评估脑梗死体积;ELISA法检测血清白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-18水平;HE染色检测缺血皮质区病理变化;TUNEL染色检测神经元凋亡;Western blot检测焦亡及HIF-1α/NLRP3通路相关蛋白表达。结果 与S组比较,M组神经功能缺陷评分、梗死体积、IL-1β含量、IL-18含量、神经细胞凋亡率、胞膜穿孔蛋白D-N端(GSDMD-N)、胱天蛋白酶1(Caspase-1)、HIF-1α、NLRP3蛋白水平均上升(P<0.05);与M组比较,低、中、高剂量益气升清方组神经功能缺陷评分、梗死体积、IL-1β含量、IL-18含量、神经细胞凋亡率、GSDMD-N、Caspase-1、HIF-1α、NLRP3蛋白水平均下调(P<0.05);DMOG减弱了高剂量益气升清方对缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经元焦亡的改善作用。结论 益气升清方可能通过下调HIF-1α/NLRP3信号通路减轻缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经元焦亡。

华蟾素通过调控HIF1α的SUMO修饰促进胃癌细胞铁死亡

目的本研究旨在探讨华蟾素(cinobufotalin,CB)调控缺氧诱导因子1α(hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha,HIF1α)的小泛素样修饰相关蛋白(small ubiquitin-like modifier,SUMO)修饰对胃癌细胞铁死亡的影响。方法使用不同浓度CB处理人正常胃黏膜上皮细胞(GES-1)和人胃癌细胞(MGC803)。MTT检测细胞活力并计算CB在胃癌细胞中的IC_(50)值,Transwell检测侵袭。铁死亡激动剂(erastin)或抑制剂(ferrostatin-1)处理癌细胞并评估胃癌细胞脂质活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平、MDA水平和细胞凋亡、细胞内总铁水平和Fe^(2+)的水平。Western blot检测SUMO1和HIF1α的表达,免疫沉淀(immunoprecipitation,IP)检测SUMO1和HIF1α的相互作用。建立异种移植瘤模型,使用CB或erastin治疗,评估CB在体内对肿瘤生长和胃癌细胞铁死亡的影响。结果2μmol·L^(-1)以下CB未对GES-1细胞活力产生影响。与Con组相比,CB处理剂量依赖性地抑制MGC803细胞活力和侵袭。与Con组比较,CB处理提高胃癌细胞脂质ROS、MDA、总铁和Fe^(2+)水平,并促进细胞凋亡(均P<0.05)。CB联合erastin增强铁死亡,而ferrostatin-1处理则抑制CB诱导的胃癌细胞铁死亡。机制上,CB抑制SUMO1表达,减少HIF1α的SUMO化修饰,进而抑制其表达。CB诱导的胃癌细胞铁死亡能够被SUMO1过表达载体逆转。体内实验证实,CB能够抑制肿瘤生长并诱导胃癌细胞铁死亡。结论CB通过抑制HIF1α的SUMO化修饰进而诱导胃癌细胞铁死亡。

缺氧对宫颈癌SiHa细胞中Gli1与Sox2表达的影响

目的:分析胶质瘤相关癌基因同源物1(Gli1)和性别决定区Y框蛋白2(Sox2)在宫颈癌细胞中的表达及其病理学意义,探讨Gli1与宫颈癌干性特征的相关性。方法:采用免疫组织化学染色方法检测159例宫颈癌组织中Gli1、缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)、Sox2、性别决定区Y框蛋白9(Sox9)、分化簇44(CD44)、八聚体结合转录因子4(OCT4)和赖氨酸特异性去甲基化酶1(LSD1)的表达并分析其相关性;使用基因表达谱数据动态分析(GEPIA)明确Gli1对宫颈癌状细胞患者预后的影响及其与干细胞标志物的相关性;缺氧条件下检测SiHa细胞的球体形成能力及其干细胞标志物表达。结果:免疫组织化学染色,在宫颈癌组织中Gli1表达率与HIF-1α(r=0.374,P<0.001)和Sox2表达水平(r=0.176,P<0.05)呈正相关关系;GEPIA数据库分析,宫颈癌中Gli1阳性表达的患者预后差(P<0.05)。缺氧条件下SiHa细胞中Gli1、HIF-1α和Sox2的mRNA及蛋白表达水平均明显升高(P<0.001),且具有较强的球体形成能力。结论:缺氧上调宫颈癌细胞Gli1和Sox2 mRNA及蛋白表达水平,促进癌细胞的干性特征形成。

电针调控HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路对类风湿性关节炎模型踝关节病理学改变的影响

目的探讨电针通过调控HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路活性对类风湿性关节炎(RA)大鼠踝关节病理损伤的影响。方法选取50只SD大鼠,随机分为Sham组(空白对照)、RA组(大鼠构建RA模型)、电针组(RA组大鼠给予电针治疗)、CAY10585组(RA大鼠腹腔内注射HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路抑制剂)、电针+CAY10585组(电针组大鼠腹腔注射HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路抑制剂),每组10只。模型建立后观察各组大鼠基本形态;8周后处死大鼠,比较治疗后大鼠踝关节直径;取大鼠踝关节行HE染色,观察整体病理形态及踝关节病理特征(滑膜细胞增殖、细胞侵蚀、血管翳形成、炎性细胞浸润、骨侵蚀)病理评分;酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测5组大鼠血清炎性因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)水平;Western-blot检测大鼠踝关节组织内软骨基质因子Ⅱ型胶原(CollagenⅡ)、C端肽(CTXⅡ)、Ⅱ型胶原C前肽(CPⅡ)蛋白表达。结果与Sham组比较,RA模型建立可以上调大鼠踝关节直径,踝关节滑膜细胞增殖、细胞侵蚀、血管翳形成、炎性细胞浸润、骨侵蚀病理评分,血清炎性因子(TNF-α、IL-6)水平均明显提升(P<0.05),关节滑膜上皮复层出现增生、间质水肿以及炎性细胞浸润的现象;电针干预可以下调大鼠踝关节直径、踝关节滑膜细胞增殖、细胞侵蚀、血管翳形成、炎性细胞浸润、骨侵蚀病理评分,血清炎性因子(TNF-α、IL-6)水平(P<0.05),同时踝关节病理形态明显得到缓解;CAY10585干预再次增加RA大鼠病理形态,破骨细胞明显增加,骨质出现侵蚀、溶解骨层及炎性细胞浸润的现象,踝关节直径、踝关节滑膜细胞增殖、细胞侵蚀、血管翳形成、炎性细胞浸润、骨侵蚀病理评分,血清炎性因子(TNF-α、IL-6)水平再次提升(P<0.05);电针干预可以逆转CAY10585组大鼠趋势,再次下调大鼠踝关节直径、踝关节滑膜细胞增殖、细胞侵蚀、血管翳形成、炎性细胞浸润、骨侵蚀病理评分(P<0.05);与Sham组比较,RA组大鼠踝关节组织内CTXⅡ表达提升,CollagenⅡ、CPⅡ表达降低(P<0.05);电针干预可以下调CTXⅡ表达,上调CollagenⅡ、CPⅡ、HIF-1α、VEGF表达(P<0.05);CAY10585干预则体现出相反趋势,再次上调CTXⅡ表达,下调CollagenⅡ、CPⅡ、HIF-1α、VEGF表达(P<0.05);电针干预可以逆转CAY10585组大鼠软骨基质及HIF-1α、VEGF表达(P<0.05)。结论电针治疗可以改善RA大鼠踝关节的病理学表现,降低炎性反应,保护软骨损伤,其分子机制可能与激活HIF-1α/VEG信号通路有关。

α1-抗胰蛋白酶对未成熟脑白质损伤小鼠运动功能的影响

目的探讨α1-抗胰蛋白酶(α1-antitrypsin,AAT)对未成熟脑白质损伤小鼠成年期运动功能的影响。方法将5日龄C57BL/6J幼鼠随机分为假手术组(n=27)、缺氧缺血(hypoxia-ischemia,HI)+生理盐水组(n=27)、HI+AAT组(n=27)。通过HI法建立未成熟脑白质损伤小鼠模型。HI+AAT组分别于HI前24 h、HI后立即及HI后72 h腹腔注射AAT(50 mg/kg);HI+生理盐水组在相同时间腹腔注射相同剂量生理盐水。造模后7 d和55 d进行头颅磁共振T2加权成像扫描。2月龄时利用Catwalk步态分析系统评估成年期小鼠的静态、动态和协调性参数。结果与假手术组小鼠相比,HI损伤小鼠造模后7 d头颅磁共振T2加权像呈现高信号,可见脑白质明显损伤;造模后55 d脑白质损伤仍存在。与假手术组小鼠相比,HI+生理盐水组小鼠爪印面积、最大接触面积、平均压强、最大压强、爪印宽度、平均速度、身体速度、步幅长度、摆动速度、步态模式AA占比、爪印耦合(左后爪→左前爪)占比降低(P<0.05);HI+生理盐水组爪间距离、步态模式AB占比、位相滞后(左前爪→左后爪)占比升高(P<0.05)。与HI+生理盐水组小鼠相比,HI+AAT组小鼠平均速度、身体速度、步幅长度、摆动速度(右前爪)升高(P<0.05)。结论未成熟脑白质损伤小鼠在成年期可表现出明显运动功能障碍,而应用AAT可改善其部分运动功能。

不同方法联合放疗治疗薄型瘢痕疙瘩的疗效及对MMPs、HIF-1α、TGF-β1的影响

目的探讨不同方法联合放疗治疗薄型瘢痕疙瘩的疗效及对基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)、缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)及转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)的影响。方法回顾性选取2020年10月至2022年9月内蒙古医科大学附属肿瘤医院(内蒙古自治区肿瘤医院)整形外科收治的胸腹部瘢痕疙瘩患者62例(瘢痕疙瘩数94个),依据治疗方法不同分为激光联合放疗(LCR)组(30例,瘢痕疙瘩数47个)、手术联合放疗(SCR)组(32例,瘢痕疙瘩数47个)。LCR组行CO 2点阵LCR,SCR组行SCR。观察两组治疗12个月后临床疗效、复发情况。比较两组治疗前、治疗12个月后的患者与观察者瘢痕评估量表(POSAS)评分、温哥华瘢痕量表(VSS)评分、瘢痕组织基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2、MMP-9、HIF-1α、TGF-β1等细胞因子水平的变化。结果LCR组总有效率(93.62%)大于SCR组(76.60%),复发率(4.26%)小于SCR组(19.15%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗12个月后,LCR组POSAS、VSS评分分别为(23.96±2.64)、(5.28±0.54)分,均低于SCR组[(33.96±3.59)、(6.55±0.68)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。LCR组瘢痕组织MMP-2、MMP-9及HIF-1α、TGF-β1表达量分别为111.65±13.55、106.76±12.68、1.24±0.14、1.10±0.12,均低于SCR组(127.96±14.71、121.08±14.33、1.55±0.17、1.22±0.13),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较(38.30%vs.46.81%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论LCR和SCR均可改善薄型瘢痕疙瘩症状,抑制瘢痕疙瘩复发,但LCR的治愈率更高,复发率更低,对瘢痕组织MMPs及HIF-1α、TGF-β1表达抑制作用更强,且安全性较高,值得临床推荐。

MiR-181c-5p对卵巢癌干细胞样细胞肿瘤血管生成拟态的作用及其机制

目的探讨miR-181c-5p对卵巢癌干细胞样细胞(OCS-LCs)肿瘤血管生成拟态(VM)的作用及其机制。方法采用无血清悬浮培养法将人卵巢癌细胞系OVCAR3细胞诱导形成OCS-LCs。将OVCAR3细胞分为A~C组,各组分别转染NC-miR-181c-5p、siRNA-miR-181c-5p和pRNA-miR-181c-5p。通过成球实验评估A~C组细胞成球能力。采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)方法检测A~C组细胞miR-181c-5p的相对表达量,采用Western blot实验检测A~C组细胞Oct-4、Nanog、HIF-1α和VEGF蛋白相对表达量。采用CCK-8实验检测A~C组细胞的活性,采用三维立体培养实验检测A~C组的血管形成率。结果OVCAR3细胞成功被诱导形成OCS-LCs。RT-qPCR实验结果显示,B组细胞的miR-181c-5p相对表达量显著低于A组,C组高于A组(t=2.25、8.68,P<0.05)。成球实验结果显示,B组与A组、A组与C组相比,细胞的成球周期显著缩短,最大的细胞球直径显著增大,成球率显著增加(t=5.56~33.66,P<0.05)。Western blot实验结果表明,B组与A组、A组与C组相比,Oct-4、Nanog、HIF-1α和VEGF蛋白相对表达量显著升高(t=4.51~56.15,P<0.05)。CCK-8实验结果显示,B组的细胞活性高于A组,C组低于A组(F=97.70~281.80,P<0.05)。三维立体培养实验结果显示,B组与A组、A组与C组相比较,血管形成率显著性提高(t=3.70、18.67,P<0.05)。结论miR-181c-5p可能通过降低细胞中HIF-1α和VEGF蛋白的表达,从而抑制OCS-LCs的VM形成。

缺氧诱导因子-1α介导缺氧和氧化低密度脂蛋白环境调控巨噬细胞相关凝集素-1的表达研究

目的探讨在动脉粥样硬化(AS)相关的缺氧和氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)环境中,缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)对巨噬细胞表面髓系DAP-12相关凝集素-1(MDL-1)表达的调控作用,并分析其对巨噬细胞生物学特性的影响。方法本研究于2022年3月在新疆医科大学临床医学研究院心血管病研究所进行。实验将RAW 264.7小鼠单核巨噬细胞分为四组:空白对照组、缺氧+ox-LDL组、缺氧+ox-LDL+DMOG组和缺氧+ox-LDL+2ME2组。通过WesternBlot技术分析各组巨噬细胞相关凝集素-1(MDL-1)、缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、细胞周期素D1(CCND1)、胱天蛋白酶3(Caspase3)、胱天蛋白酶1(Caspase1)、Nod样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)的表达差异。利用CCK-8和台盼蓝染色法评估细胞增殖和活力。LDH、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α等炎性因子的含量则通过ELISA试剂盒测定。结果本研究评估了RAW 264.7小鼠单核巨噬细胞在不同处理条件下的蛋白表达和细胞功能变化。在缺氧+ox-LDL组中,与空白对照组相比,MDL-1、HIF-1α、Caspase3、Caspase1、NLRP3的表达显著增加,同时CCND1表达显著降低(P<0.05)。此外,该处理组的LDH、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平也显著增加[(340.267±41.338)U/L比(154.667±20.044)U/L,(89.251±8.488)pg/ml比(49.623±5.070)pg/ml,(36.642±4.730)ng/ml比(20.619±0.884)ng/ml,1104.515±46.411 pg/m比(785.291±40.339)pg/ml,P<0.01],细胞增殖能力和活细胞率显著下降[OD值(0.296±0.065)比(0.570±0.032),活细胞率(69.108±7.816)%比(98.147±0.781)%,P<0.01]。DMOG处理组相较于缺氧+ox-LDL组表现出蛋白表达和炎症标志物的显著下降,细胞增殖和活细胞率得到改善(P<0.01)。相反,2ME2处理加剧了炎症反应和细胞损伤,蛋白表达和炎症指标均有所增加,细胞活性进一步降低(P<0.01)。结论HIF-1α在缺氧和ox-LDL环境下调节MDL-1表达,进而影响巨噬细胞的增殖、存活和炎性因子的分泌功能,该生物学特性可能在AS的病理过程中发挥重要作用。

HIF-1α和HIF-PHI在慢性肾脏病血管钙化中的研究进展

慢性肾脏病已成为全球公共卫生的重大挑战,心血管疾病是其首要致死原因。血管钙化表现为钙和磷酸盐矿物质在动脉壁的病理性沉积,可导致血管硬化、管腔狭窄,不仅影响肾脏的血流供应,还增加心血管疾病的风险。在慢性肾脏病的病理环境下,肾脏持续处于低氧状态,低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)作为关键的转录因子,对细胞适应低氧环境至关重要。HIF-1α通过促进血管平滑肌细胞成骨样分化等多条途径,影响慢性肾脏病血管钙化的进展。低氧诱导因子脯氨酸羟化酶抑制剂(HIFPHI)是肾性贫血的新型口服治疗药物,可以通过激活人体对缺氧的自然生理反应,抑制HIF的降解以促进红细胞生成,增加内源性促红细胞生成素的产生。HIF-PHI有促进血管钙化的可能,其促钙化作用与HIF-1α的稳定性密切相关。因此,充分了解HIF-PHI在血管钙化中潜在的危害性并加以重视意义重大。

白术内酯I调节HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路对急性心肌梗死大鼠心肌损伤的影响

目的:探讨白术内酯I(Atr-I)调节缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)/血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)信号通路对急性心肌梗死(AMI)大鼠心肌损伤的影响。方法:大鼠分为对照组、AMI组、Atr-I组、阿司匹林组、BAY87-2243组、Atr-I+BAY87-2243组,每组18只。除对照组外,其他组大鼠均采用结扎冠脉左前降支根部的方式构建AMI模型,建模1h后,开始处理,给药1次/d,持续7d。超声心动图监测左室短轴缩短率(FS)、左室射血分数(LVEF)的变化;2,3,5-三苯基氯化四氮唑(TTC)染色检测大鼠心肌梗死面积百分数;HE染色检测左心室心肌组织病理学变化;TUNEL染色检测心肌细胞凋亡;ELISA检测大鼠左心室心肌组织中肌红蛋白(Mb)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β含量;Western blot检测大鼠心肌组织匀浆中HIF-1α、VEGF蛋白表达。结果:与对照组相比,AMI组大鼠心肌损伤明显,FS、LVEF及HIF-1α、VEGF蛋白表达降低,心肌梗死面积百分数、Mb、LDH、TNF-α、IL-1β含量升高(P<0.05);与AMI组相比,Atr-I组、阿司匹林组大鼠心肌损伤有所改善,FS、LVEF及HIF-1α、VEGF蛋白表达升高,心肌梗死面积百分数、Mb、LDH、TNF-α、IL-1β含量降低,BAY87-2243组对应指标变化趋势与上述相反(P<0.05);与Atr-I组相比,Atr-I+BAY87-2243组大鼠心肌损伤加剧,FS、LVEF及HIF-1α、VEGF蛋白表达降低,心肌梗死面积百分数、Mb、LDH、TNF-α、IL-1β含量升高(P<0.05)。结论:Atr-I减轻AMI大鼠心肌损伤可能与激活HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路有关。