The objectives of this work were to evaluate the surgical activities carried out in the general surgery department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of Bamako, to describe the sociodemographic characteristic...The objectives of this work were to evaluate the surgical activities carried out in the general surgery department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of Bamako, to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the operated patients, to determine the main pathologies encountered and to evaluate qualitatively the result of the treatment. In order to improve performance, and the quality of care, and to identify common pathologies in the surgical department, we undertook a retrospective study on surgical activities from January 2009 to December 2010. At the end of this study, out of 474 men and 187 women (equal sex ratio 2.53);we were able to determine the frequency of surgical pathologies. Farmers, housewives and pupils/students were the most represented with 25.9% respectively;20% and 13.3%. The most frequently observed pathologies were wall hernia (44.8%), prostate adenoma (12%) and acute appendicitis (10.5%). The average length of hospitalization was 3.43 days. Infectious complications affected 25 patients (3.8% of cases) and a death rate of 0.45% (i.e. 3 patients). The average cost of care was 53,500 FCFA. Indeed, the reality of surgical practice in health centers was not the same because of the level of skills of practicing surgeons.展开更多
This study examined the sanitary conditions of public boreholes and hand dug wells water in relation to pathogenic bacteria isolated in water samples. To assess the suitability of drinking water, sanitary inspection o...This study examined the sanitary conditions of public boreholes and hand dug wells water in relation to pathogenic bacteria isolated in water samples. To assess the suitability of drinking water, sanitary inspection of surroundings of the sources was conducted, membrane filtration technic was used to trap the microorganisms in the water sample and other standard microbiological technics were applied to check the heterotrophic plate counts, total coliforms, fecal coliforms and some pathogenic bacteria in the samples. It was observed that there were no delineated protection zones around many boreholes (61.19%) and in almost all hand dug wells;thus, hand dug wells were pruned to more contamination than boreholes. Heterotrophic plate counts of boreholes were significantly different between (p < 0.0001) zones in dry and rainy seasons. Total coliforms per 100 ml varied significantly (p < 0.001) between the two seasons both in boreholes and hand dug wells. Fecal coliforms were significantly absent in some boreholes, but significantly present in all hand dug wells with the presence of <i>E. coli</i> 157H in some. Risk assessment of factors contributing to water contamination showed that: pumps manipulation with feet, other sources of contamination such as wastewater dumps, within 10m were significantly associated to boreholes contamination with <i>Salmonella</i> spp, <i>Staphylococcus aureuse</i>, fecal coliform (p = 0.01);in hand dug wells, presence of latrine or septic tank soak-away within 10 m of the wells, poor depth and lack of internal lining, uncapped wells, presence of trees near the wells, animal and birds feces, were significant and associated to contamination with <i>Salmonela</i> spp., <i>B. cepaceae, S. aureus E. coli</i> 1 (p < 0.05). Generally water collection points are marked with very poor sanitary conditions and this situation may not change unless the contaminating risk factors are fixed and sanitary measures are taken.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Antibiotics have long been associated with gastrointestinal (GI) side-effects, leading to antibiotic noncompliance, related morbidities and increased costs. Antibiotic-induced ...<strong>Background:</strong> Antibiotics have long been associated with gastrointestinal (GI) side-effects, leading to antibiotic noncompliance, related morbidities and increased costs. Antibiotic-induced disruption of intestinal microbiota has created interest in prophylactic use of probiotics to prevent antibiotic-associated GI side-effects, with recent trials suggesting GI benefits with concomitant probiotic and antibiotic use. The aim of this study was to see if commercially available Florajen Digestion can help maintain GI health during antibiotic regimens in the community. <strong>Methods:</strong> This prescriber and pharmacist directed, open label, patient experience study took place between September 2018 and January 2019. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) and patients from 40 states participated. Florajen Digestion probiotic was given to patients free of charge through their prescriber or pharmacist when prescribed or dispensed antibiotics. Surveys were completed by HCPs and patients, who reported on antibiotics prescribed/taken, GI upset, compliance and product satisfaction. <strong>Results: </strong>A total of 839 HCPs and 404 patients completed the study. Although 63% of patients reported prior GI side-effects with antibiotic use, only 12% experienced GI upset with concomitant Florajen Digestion use. Approximately 93% of patients completed their antibiotic regimen, with 77% asserting that Florajen Digestion helped them complete their course of antibiotics and 88% extremely satisfied with the probiotic. Among HCPs, 94% believed reducing side-effects improved antibiotic compliance, with 88% stating that probiotics should be recommended concomitantly with oral antibiotics. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results reveal the GI benefits of concomitant use of Florajen Digestion probiotics with antibiotics and support recommendation of Florajen Digestion by HCPs when prescribing or dispensing antibiotics.展开更多
Originated in Japan, the <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><i></i></span><i>hikikomori<span style="white-space:nowrap;"></span></i> phenomenon—as a ...Originated in Japan, the <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><i></i></span><i>hikikomori<span style="white-space:nowrap;"></span></i> phenomenon—as a form of individual withdrawal—has progressively widespread and gained international attention, given its psycho-social and economic consequences. In fact, <i><span style="white-space:normal;">hikikomori</span></i> appears today as a problem that cannot be confined solely to the field of mental health. Rather, it appears as a phenomenon that concerns many aspects of modern society, intersecting with medicine, sociology, anthropology, politics, economics, culture and education. In the context of the actual loneliness pandemic, <i><span style="white-space:normal;">hikikomori</span></i> individuals present characteristics that are examined in this article, together with suggestions for its possible management.展开更多
文摘The objectives of this work were to evaluate the surgical activities carried out in the general surgery department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of Bamako, to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the operated patients, to determine the main pathologies encountered and to evaluate qualitatively the result of the treatment. In order to improve performance, and the quality of care, and to identify common pathologies in the surgical department, we undertook a retrospective study on surgical activities from January 2009 to December 2010. At the end of this study, out of 474 men and 187 women (equal sex ratio 2.53);we were able to determine the frequency of surgical pathologies. Farmers, housewives and pupils/students were the most represented with 25.9% respectively;20% and 13.3%. The most frequently observed pathologies were wall hernia (44.8%), prostate adenoma (12%) and acute appendicitis (10.5%). The average length of hospitalization was 3.43 days. Infectious complications affected 25 patients (3.8% of cases) and a death rate of 0.45% (i.e. 3 patients). The average cost of care was 53,500 FCFA. Indeed, the reality of surgical practice in health centers was not the same because of the level of skills of practicing surgeons.
文摘This study examined the sanitary conditions of public boreholes and hand dug wells water in relation to pathogenic bacteria isolated in water samples. To assess the suitability of drinking water, sanitary inspection of surroundings of the sources was conducted, membrane filtration technic was used to trap the microorganisms in the water sample and other standard microbiological technics were applied to check the heterotrophic plate counts, total coliforms, fecal coliforms and some pathogenic bacteria in the samples. It was observed that there were no delineated protection zones around many boreholes (61.19%) and in almost all hand dug wells;thus, hand dug wells were pruned to more contamination than boreholes. Heterotrophic plate counts of boreholes were significantly different between (p < 0.0001) zones in dry and rainy seasons. Total coliforms per 100 ml varied significantly (p < 0.001) between the two seasons both in boreholes and hand dug wells. Fecal coliforms were significantly absent in some boreholes, but significantly present in all hand dug wells with the presence of <i>E. coli</i> 157H in some. Risk assessment of factors contributing to water contamination showed that: pumps manipulation with feet, other sources of contamination such as wastewater dumps, within 10m were significantly associated to boreholes contamination with <i>Salmonella</i> spp, <i>Staphylococcus aureuse</i>, fecal coliform (p = 0.01);in hand dug wells, presence of latrine or septic tank soak-away within 10 m of the wells, poor depth and lack of internal lining, uncapped wells, presence of trees near the wells, animal and birds feces, were significant and associated to contamination with <i>Salmonela</i> spp., <i>B. cepaceae, S. aureus E. coli</i> 1 (p < 0.05). Generally water collection points are marked with very poor sanitary conditions and this situation may not change unless the contaminating risk factors are fixed and sanitary measures are taken.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Antibiotics have long been associated with gastrointestinal (GI) side-effects, leading to antibiotic noncompliance, related morbidities and increased costs. Antibiotic-induced disruption of intestinal microbiota has created interest in prophylactic use of probiotics to prevent antibiotic-associated GI side-effects, with recent trials suggesting GI benefits with concomitant probiotic and antibiotic use. The aim of this study was to see if commercially available Florajen Digestion can help maintain GI health during antibiotic regimens in the community. <strong>Methods:</strong> This prescriber and pharmacist directed, open label, patient experience study took place between September 2018 and January 2019. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) and patients from 40 states participated. Florajen Digestion probiotic was given to patients free of charge through their prescriber or pharmacist when prescribed or dispensed antibiotics. Surveys were completed by HCPs and patients, who reported on antibiotics prescribed/taken, GI upset, compliance and product satisfaction. <strong>Results: </strong>A total of 839 HCPs and 404 patients completed the study. Although 63% of patients reported prior GI side-effects with antibiotic use, only 12% experienced GI upset with concomitant Florajen Digestion use. Approximately 93% of patients completed their antibiotic regimen, with 77% asserting that Florajen Digestion helped them complete their course of antibiotics and 88% extremely satisfied with the probiotic. Among HCPs, 94% believed reducing side-effects improved antibiotic compliance, with 88% stating that probiotics should be recommended concomitantly with oral antibiotics. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results reveal the GI benefits of concomitant use of Florajen Digestion probiotics with antibiotics and support recommendation of Florajen Digestion by HCPs when prescribing or dispensing antibiotics.
文摘Originated in Japan, the <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><i></i></span><i>hikikomori<span style="white-space:nowrap;"></span></i> phenomenon—as a form of individual withdrawal—has progressively widespread and gained international attention, given its psycho-social and economic consequences. In fact, <i><span style="white-space:normal;">hikikomori</span></i> appears today as a problem that cannot be confined solely to the field of mental health. Rather, it appears as a phenomenon that concerns many aspects of modern society, intersecting with medicine, sociology, anthropology, politics, economics, culture and education. In the context of the actual loneliness pandemic, <i><span style="white-space:normal;">hikikomori</span></i> individuals present characteristics that are examined in this article, together with suggestions for its possible management.
