Wedge Splitting Test and Inverse Analysis on Fracture Behaviour of Fiber Reinforced and Regular High Performance Concretes

The fracture behaviour of three fiber reinforced and regular HPC （high performance concretes） is presented in this paper. Two mixes are based on optimization of HPC whereas the third mix was a commercial mix developed by CONTEC ApS （Denmark）. The wedge splitting test setup with 48 cubical specimens was used experimentally and the cracked non-linear hinge model based on the fictitious crack model was applied for the interpretation of the results. The stress-crack opening relationships were extracted by using inverse analysis algorithm for various multi-linear softening curves. This showed that the refinement of the softening curves reflects in improved accuracy of the WST （wedge splitting test） simulation in comparison with bi-linear softening curves with acceptable increase of computational time. Furthermore, the fracture mechanics parameters such as COD （crack opening displacement）, fracture energy and characteristic length were experimentally determined. Experiments were performed at 1, 3, 7 and 28 days. Fracture energy, Gf, was found to increase with age, while the characteristic length, Lch, was found to decrease.

Testing and Analysis of VoIPv6 (Voice over Internet Protocol V6) Performance Using FreeBSD

This study focuses on testing and quality measurement and analysis of VoIPv6 performance. A client, server codes were developed using FreeBSD. This is a step before analyzing the Architectures of VoIPv6 in the current internet in order for it to cope with IPv6 traffic transmission requirements in general and specifically voice traffic, which is being attracting the efforts of research, bodes currently. These tests were conducted in the application level without looking into the network level of the network. VoIPv6 performance tests were conducted in the current tunneled and native IPv6 aiming for better end-to-end VoIPv6 performance. The results obtained in this study were shown in deferent codec's for different bit rates in Kilo bits per second, which act as an indicator for the better performance of G.711 compared with the rest of the tested codes.

Performance analysis of an O_2/ CO_2 power plant based on chemical looping air separation

The process of an O2//CO2 power plant based on chemical looping air separation （CLAS） is modeled using the Aspen Plus software. The operating parameters and power consumption of the CLAS unit are analyzed. The CLAS system, thermal power generation system and flue gas cooling and compression unit （CCU） are coupled and optimized, and the temperature and flow of the flue gas extraction are determined. The results indicate that the net plant efficiency of CLAS O2/CO2 power plant is 39.2%, which is only 3.54% lower than that of the conventional power plants without carbon capture. However, the O2/CO2 power plant based on cryogenic air separation technology brings 8% to 10% decrease in the net plant efficiency. By optimizations, the net plant efficiency increases by 1.65%. The energy consumption of the CCU accounts for 59.7% and the pump accounts for 27.1%. The oxygen concentration from the chemical looping air separation unit is 12.2%.

Comprehensive Analysis of High Temperature Performance of SBS-modified Asphalt Mixture

Evaluation of high temperature performance of SBS-modified asphalt mixture was presented.Both wheel loaded method and creep method were adopted for two different mixtures and two kinds of specimens with different height,and corresponding indicators were measured.Meanwhile,the correlation between these indicators was thoroughly analyzed and two kinds of mixtures were compared.The experimental results show that there is a good linear relationship between LWT indicators and CT indicators for M-13,while a relatively poor relationship for M-25,especially that between dynamic stiffness and static stiffness and that between dynamic stability and static creep stiffness.Besides,logarithmic relationship between DS and RD has a higher determination coefficient than that for linear relationship.Thus,multi-index evaluation should be taken for synthetically assessing high temperature performance of asphalt mixture.

Analysis of Effect of Zn(O,S) Buffer Layer Properties on CZTS Solar Cell Performance Using AMPS

The Cu2ZnSnS4 （CZTS）-based solar cell is numerically simulated by a one-dimensional solar cell simulation soft- ware analysis of microelectronic and photonic structures （AMPS-1D）. The device structure used in the simulation is Al/ZnO：Al/nZn（O,S）/pCZTS/Mo. The primary motivation of this simulation work is to optimize the composition in the ZnO1-xSx buffer layer, which would yield higher conversion efficiency. By varying S/（S＋O） ratio x, the conduction band offset （CBO） at CZTS/Zn（O,S） interface can range from -0.23 eV to 1.06eV if the full range of the ratio is considered. The optimal CBO of 0.23eV can be achieved when the ZnO1-xSx buffer has an S/（S＋O） ratio of 0.6. The solar cell efficiency first increases with increasing sulfur content and then decreases abruptly for x〉 0.6, which reaches the highest value of 17.55% by our proposed optimal sulfur content x= 0.6. Our results provide guidance in dealing with the ZnO1-xSx buffer layer deposition for high efficiency CZTS solar cells.

Shaking table test and numerical analysis of a 1:12 scale model of a special concentrically braced steel frame with pinned connections

This paper describes shaking table tests of a 1：12 scale model of a special concentrically braced steel frame with pinned connections, which was fabricated according to a one-bay braced frame selected from a typical main factory building of a large thermal power plant. In order to investigate the seismic performance of this type of structure, several ground motion accelerations with different levels for seismic intensity Ⅷ, based on the Chinese Code for Seismic Design of Buildings, were selected to excite the model. The results show that the design methods of the members and the connections are adequate and that the structural system will perform well in regions of high seismicity. In addition to the tests, numerical simulations were also conducted and the results showed good agreement with the test results. Thus, the numerical model is shown to be accurate and the beam element can be used to model this structural system.

Study and Performance Test of Full Complement Cycloidal Ball Reducer with Ceramic Balls as its Gear Teeth

To improve the transmission accuracy and stiffness of the ball cycloid reducer, the authors developed a novel cycloid ball reducer, which uses a full complement ball as its gear teeth. Ceramic balls are used to get better performance in severe working conditions. A simple synthesis method was also found to determine the raceway forms and compute the contact forces among the balls and raceways. The Contact Stress Analysis (CSA) computer program was used to optimize the design of the reducer. In this paper, the following topics are covered: (1) Study of the geometry of the raceways. (2) Analyses of the principal curvature of the raceways are also accomplished. In addition, the modification of the raceway is put forward. (3) The contact forces and the reducer efficiency are evaluated. (4) Study of the performance of ceramic balls used in the CBR. A reducer using the above design technique was tested and the performances show that the reducer has high precision and rigidity. An increase of more than 50 percent transmission power was realized in the new gearing.

Numerical and Experimental Research on the Global Performances of Cell-Truss Spar Platform

Spar technology has been applied to the deep-sea oil and gas exploitation for several years. From the first generation of classic spar, the spar platform has developed into the second generation of truss spar and the latest cell spar. Owing to its favorable adaptability to wide range of water depth and benign motion performances, spar has aroused quite a lot of interests from oil companies, universities and research institutes. In the present paper, a new cell-truss spar concept, put forward by the State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering （SKLOE） at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, is studied both numerically and experimentally. The numerical simulation was conducted by means of nonlinear time-domain fully coupled analysis, and its results were compared to the experimental data. Whereafter, detailed analysis was carried out to obtain the global performances of＇ the new spar concept. Proposals for the improvement of numerical calculation and experimental technique were tabled meanwhile.

Characterization of Surface Hardness and Microstructure of High Performance Concrete

The relationship between compressive strength obtained by universal testing machine and rebound value obtained by the hammer of high performance concrete was systematically investigated at the macro level. And a model of high performance concrete strength curve was established from them. At the micro level, the microstructure, hydration products and pore structure of concrete surface were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, comprehensive thermal analysis（TG-DSC） and mercury intrusion porosimetry（MIP）, respectively. The effect of carbonation on surface strength was also investigated. The results showed that the concrete surface hardness layer grew rapidly at early stage and then stabilized at last with ongoing curing age; the rebound value and compressive strength of concrete with slag were higher than those of concrete with the same content of fly ash. In addition, the strength curve obtained by the least square method can satisfy the local standard requirements with an average relative error of 8.9% and a relative standard deviation of 11.3%. When the carbonation depth was 6 mm, the compressive strength calculated by national uniform strength curve was 25 PMa higher than that by high performance concrete.

Investigation of active vibration drilling using acoustic emission and cutting size analysis

This paper describes an investigation of active bit vibration on the penetration mechanisms and bit-rock interaction for drilling with a diamond impregnated coring bit. A series of drill-off tests(DOTs) were conducted where the drilling rate-of-penetration(ROP) was measured at a series of step-wise increasing static bit thrusts or weight-on-bits(WOBs). Two active DOTs were conducted by applying 60 Hz axial vibration at the bit-rock interface using an electromagnetic vibrating table mounted underneath the drilling samples, and a passive DOT was conducted where the bit was allowed to vibrate naturally with lower amplitude due to the compliance of the drilling sample mountings. During drilling, an acoustic emission(AE) system was used to record the AE signals generated by the diamond cutter penetration and the cuttings were collected for grain size analysis. The instrumented drilling system recorded the dynamic motions of the bit-rock interface using a laser displacement sensor, a load cell, and an LVDT(linear variable differential transformer) recorded the dynamic WOB and the ROP, respectively. Calibration with the drilling system showed that rotary speed was approximately the same at any given WOB, facilitating comparison of the results at the same WOB. Analysis of the experimental results shows that the ROP of the bit at any given WOB increased with higher amplitude of axial bit-rock vibration, and the drill cuttings increased in size with a higher ROP. Spectral analysis of the AEs indicated that the higher ROP and larger cutting size were correlated with a higher AE energy and a lower AE frequency. This indicated that larger fractures were being created to generate larger cutting size. Overall, these results indicate that a greater magnitude of axial bit-rock vibration produces larger fractures and generates larger cuttings which, at the same rotary speed, results in a higher ROP.

Failure analysis of pouch-type Li–O2 batteries with superior energy density

Li–O2 batteries have attracted significant interest in the past decade owing to their superior high specific energy density in contrast to conventional lithium ion batteries.An 8.7-Ah Li–O2 pouch cell with768.5 Wh kg^-1 was fabricated and characterized in this investigation and the factors that influenced the electrochemical performance of the Li–O2 pouch cell were studied.In contrast to coin/Swagelok-type Li–O2 cells,it was demonstrated that the high-loading air electrode,pulverization of the Li anode,and the large-scale inhomogeneity of the large pouch cell are the major reasons for the failure of Li–O2 batteries with Ah capacities.In addition,safety tests of large Li–O2 pouch cells were conducted for the first time,including nail penetration,crushing,and thermal stability.It was indicated that a self-limiting mechanism is a key safety feature of these batteries,even when shorted.In this study,Li–O2 batteries were investigated in a new size and capacity-scale,which may provide useful insight into the development of practical pouch-type Li–O2 batteries.

Al_2O_3 coating for improving thermal stability performance of manganese spinel battery

The synthesis of Al2O3-coated and uncoated LiMn2O4 by solid-state method and fabrication of LiMn2O4/graphite battery were described. The structure and morphology of the powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The electrochemical and overcharge performances of Al2O3-coated and uncoated LiMn2O4 batteries were investigated and compared. The uncoated LiMn2O4 battery shows capacity loss of 16.5% after 200 cycles, and the coated LiMn2O4 battery only shows 12.5% after 200 cycles. The uncoated LiMn2O4 battery explodes and creates carbon, MnO, and Li2CO3 after 3C/10 V overcharged test, while the coated LiMn2O4 battery passes the test. The steadier structure, polarization of electrode and modified layer are responsible for the safety performance.

Improving Prediction Efficiency of Machine Learning Models for Cardiovascular Disease in IoST-Based Systems through Hyperparameter Optimization

This study explores the impact of hyperparameter optimization on machine learning models for predicting cardiovascular disease using data from an IoST(Internet of Sensing Things)device.Ten distinct machine learning approaches were implemented and systematically evaluated before and after hyperparameter tuning.Significant improvements were observed across various models,with SVM and Neural Networks consistently showing enhanced performance metrics such as F1-Score,recall,and precision.The study underscores the critical role of tailored hyperparameter tuning in optimizing these models,revealing diverse outcomes among algorithms.Decision Trees and Random Forests exhibited stable performance throughout the evaluation.While enhancing accuracy,hyperparameter optimization also led to increased execution time.Visual representations and comprehensive results support the findings,confirming the hypothesis that optimizing parameters can effectively enhance predictive capabilities in cardiovascular disease.This research contributes to advancing the understanding and application of machine learning in healthcare,particularly in improving predictive accuracy for cardiovascular disease management and intervention strategies.

Evaluation of a Mouthguard Customized Using the Occlusal Position during Maximal Grip Strength to Improve Sports Performance. A Case Report

Two customized mouthguards were developed for a 35-year-old male kickboxer. These were identical in thickness (the vertical dimension between the upper and lower jaws), the material, and similar in form (visible outline);however, one mouthguard was designed such that the horizontal jaw position was determined by the maximal grip strength obtained by the subject during the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test. Both mouthguards were satisfactory in terms of how they felt during wearing and breathing;however, the subject achieved higher kicking force, punching force, and back muscle strength while using the mouthguard with an optimized horizontal jaw position. These findings suggest that to enhance sports performance, it may be important to determine the optimal biting position. The grip strength obtained during the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test is a useful parameter for this assessment.

O形圈和矩形圈静密封性能仿真对比研究

基于有限元分析软件Ansys建立O形圈和矩形圈的有限元分析模型,分析对比预安装、介质压力、尺寸公差波动对两种密封圈接触压力和径向力等密封性能参数的影响。结果表明:预安装时,O形圈和矩形圈的接触压力分布差异明显,矩形圈的密封性能参数明显大于O形圈;承受介质压力时,O形圈和矩形圈的密封性能参数均随着介质压力的提高而提高,但矩形圈径向力随着介质压力的提高而提高的速度大于O形圈;尺寸公差波动时,O形圈和矩形圈的密封性能参数均随着尺寸的减小而降低,截面尺寸波动对O形圈和矩形圈密封性能参数的影响远大于内径尺寸波动的影响。

Shaking table tests and dynamic analyses of masonry wall buildings with frame-shear walls at lower stories

This paper describes shaking table tests of three eight-story building models： all are masonry structures in the upper stories, with or without frame-shear walls of one- or two- stories at the bottom. The test results of damage characteristics and seismic responses are provided and compared. Then, nonlinear response analyses are conducted to examine the reliability of the dynamic analysis. Finally, many nonlinear response analyses are performed and it is concluded that for relatively hard sites under a certain lateral stiffness ratio （i.e., the ratio of the stiffness of the lowest upper masonry story to that of the frame- shear wall story）, the masonry structure with one-story frame-shear wall at the bottom performs better than a structure built entirely of masonry, and a masonry structure with frame-shear wall of two stories performs better than with one-story frame- shear wall. In relatively soft soil conditions, all three structures have similar performane. In addition, some suggestions that could be helpful for design of masonry structures with ground story of frame-shear wall structure in seismic intensity region VII, such as the appropriate lateral stiffness ratio, shear force increase factor of the frame-shear wall story, and permissible maximum height of the building, are proposed.

SOME/IP车载以太网服务协议的关键技术与性能分析

首先对SOME/IP协议服务发现(SD)模块和传输协议(TP)模块中客户端与服务端的通信行为与关键技术特性进行了详细分析;然后在Arm Linux环境下基于C++和CommonAPI构建了面向服务的车载应用开发通信架构,并在该架构下结合不同负载规格对SOME/IP服务协议的一致性、可靠性和可扩展性进行了详细测试。实验结果表明,SOME/IP协议面向服务的通信方式具备高可用性,能够有效提高整车的数据通信效率,降低车载应用软件开发的复杂性。

水下柔性连接器的O形圈球面密封性能分析

水下柔性连接器可解决水下油气管道在连接时因管道角度偏离而无法成功对接的问题。水下连接器的密封结构以球面上的O形圈为主,为了验证连接器密封结构在水下的密封性能,通过对O形圈材料本构方程的计算分析,得到O形圈橡胶材料的重要材料参数;从von Mises应力、接触压力、不同接触面的接触宽度等方面,分析不同介质压力对O形圈密封性能的影响。结果表明:水下柔性连接器密封结构在不同工作状态下均能够保持良好的密封性能,且介质压力越大,O形圈与球形结构上的密封槽之间的接触应力就越大,连接器密封性能有所提升。通过压力试验验证了O形圈球形结构应用在水下是可靠的。

一种橡胶O形圈密封性能试验装置及方法

O型橡胶密封圈具有拆装方便、价格低廉等优点,而且在耐油、耐酸碱、耐磨、耐化学腐蚀等环境条件下仍然具有良好密封、减震作用,因此被广泛应用于航空发动机领域。其密封性能是重要的使用指标,但是现有检测方法不能直观表征O型圈的密封性能或结果不准确,本文提出了一种新型橡胶O型圈密封性能试验装置与方法,简称重量法,该方法的试验装置结构便捷,检测精度高。

基于损伤模型的2024-O-T42搭接件动态拉伸失效分析

针对高锁螺栓单搭接件所采用的2024-O-T42铝合金,设计狗骨试验件进行准静态与动态拉伸试验,设计六种不同的缺口试验件进行准静态拉伸试验。通过开展拉伸失效仿真,对比Hartley-Srinivasan与Johnson-Cook两种本构模型,以及最大塑性应变失效准则、Johnson-Cook失效模型与GISSMO损伤模型三种失效模型。结果表明,在试验的100 s^(-1)应变率范围内,2024-O-T42铝合金材料流动应力应变率效应不明显,其最大相差约为5%;在不考虑应变率及温度的情况下,Hartley-Srinivasan本构模型比Johnson-Cook本构模型更能准确表征材料塑性段的力学行为;采用Hartley-Srinivasan本构模型和GISSMO损伤模型,高锁螺栓单搭接件在1 m/s、3 m/s、5 m/s拉伸速度下的仿真结果与试验结果吻合更好,且仿真获得的失效位移相对试验失效位移平均值分别偏大4.7%、偏大4.3%和偏小7.4%。