In this study, we determined the suitability of lentogenic LaSota and naturally occurring avirulent I2 vaccine strains of Newcastle disease (ND) virus for efficacious in-ovo vaccination of broiler chickens. A total of...In this study, we determined the suitability of lentogenic LaSota and naturally occurring avirulent I2 vaccine strains of Newcastle disease (ND) virus for efficacious in-ovo vaccination of broiler chickens. A total of 114 embyonated eggs divided into five groups (A, B, C, D and E) consisting of 25 eggs in each of groups A and B, 20 eggs in each of groups C and D and 24 eggs in group E were used in the study. Eighteen-day-old embryonated eggs in group A were vaccinated in-ovo with ND-I2 vaccine while the same age of embryos in group B were vaccinated with ND-LaSota. Thirteen-day-old embryonated eggs in groups C and D were vaccinated with ND-I2 and ND-LaSota respectively. Group E served as unvaccinated control. There was significant difference (p 2) used for the in-ovo vaccination were pathogenic for chick embryos, however, ND-I2 vaccine was better tolerated when administered to 18-day-old chick embryo.展开更多
The experiment was conducted at Veterinary Research Station of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Royal University of Agriculture.The experimental period lasted 60 days,starting from October 1st to November 30th 2022.CRD(...The experiment was conducted at Veterinary Research Station of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Royal University of Agriculture.The experimental period lasted 60 days,starting from October 1st to November 30th 2022.CRD(Completely Randomized Design)was used with 2 treatments/groups,vaccination group and non-vaccination group“control”,and 6 replications.The vaccination groups received two times of vaccination by dropping into the ocular at 7 days and 21 days.Meanwhile,blood samples were collected 3 times to detect the antibody level of ND(Newcastle Disease)and contained 21 days old,35 days old and 49 days old chicks.The ELISA(Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)was performed to detect the antibody of those 2 groups.The result of finding showed that the S/P(Sample to Positive)ratio of control at 21 days,was very low,even in 3rd quartile,which was below the threshold.However,the vaccination group was relatively high,even in 1st quartile,which was higher than the threshold.At 35 days,S/P ratio of control group was still very low,but a bit higher than at 21 days.Meanwhile,the vaccination group was still high,even in 1st quartile,and two-time higher than at 21 days,but an increasing number of samples developed less antibody than threshold,accounting for 12.22%.At 49 days,the control group was still very low,even in 3rd quartile,but a bit higher than at 21 days and 35 days,and was close to the threshold.The vaccination group was still relatively high,even in 1st quartile but lower than three times comparing to 35 days.However,in this age,the number of chickens that developed antibody seemed to be increased in the control group,vice versa for vaccination group.The average S/P ratio was different significant(p<0.001),where vaccination had higher S/P ratio than control.It was similar finding for log-titer,the vaccination had higher figure(p<0.001).The risk of infection of ND was higher in control group,but it will reduce by increasing the age of chicken,while vaccination group was decreased by increasing age,especially at 49 days and we need to consider another vaccination to get full protection.展开更多
The study was conducted in Krang Yov commune,S’ang district,Kandal province and was conducted in three villages,including Kampong Po,Andong and Svay Damnak village.In the total,88 families were selected for interview...The study was conducted in Krang Yov commune,S’ang district,Kandal province and was conducted in three villages,including Kampong Po,Andong and Svay Damnak village.In the total,88 families were selected for interview by using snowball technic of nonprobability sampling.According to the results of the interviews,it showed that the number of farmers who raised chickens and had participated in training was very low number,ranging from 10.71%to 34.38%.For chicken raising system,the free ranging was the most popular by allowing the chicken to scavenge around the village,however,the total confinement was also applied.The local breed was more popular and the purpose of raising was for selling meat,however there were few households that raised the fighting cock for hobby.The number of chickens owned per household,was mostly less than 20 birds,while,the average number of birds per household ranged from 16.82 birds to 37.66 birds.However,the average number of birds per household was significant different between the households who have participated in chicken raising training and those who never participated(p<0.05),accounting for 47.52 birds and 19.85 birds,respectively.For the chicken feed,most of the farmers in those three villages used the concentration feed to offer the chicken,especially for supplementation,but,the whole rice was also used to supplement feed.The vaccination for chicken was significant different among the villages(p<0.05),in which the household in Kampong Po village had highest percentage of vaccinating their chicken,40.63%,than those in Svay Damnak and Andong village.The Newcastle vaccination was the more popular in those areas.But,all of the households have experienced with the disease,especially ND(Newcastle Disease)accounting for 67.05%,followed by influenza and fowl pox.When chicken got sick,most of farmers had treated their chicken with different methods,especially buying the medicine from the store and treatment by themselves were mostly applicable.Regarding the specific case of Newcastle disease,most of farmers were familiar with this disease and it frequently occurred in dry season and the knowledge on biosecurity measurement was very high,during suspected cases.However,the real practice with bird infected with Newcastle disease was limited since they treated the affected bird,and few farmers left their affected chicken in the flock,which could cause further spreading of this disease in the flock and village.展开更多
文摘In this study, we determined the suitability of lentogenic LaSota and naturally occurring avirulent I2 vaccine strains of Newcastle disease (ND) virus for efficacious in-ovo vaccination of broiler chickens. A total of 114 embyonated eggs divided into five groups (A, B, C, D and E) consisting of 25 eggs in each of groups A and B, 20 eggs in each of groups C and D and 24 eggs in group E were used in the study. Eighteen-day-old embryonated eggs in group A were vaccinated in-ovo with ND-I2 vaccine while the same age of embryos in group B were vaccinated with ND-LaSota. Thirteen-day-old embryonated eggs in groups C and D were vaccinated with ND-I2 and ND-LaSota respectively. Group E served as unvaccinated control. There was significant difference (p 2) used for the in-ovo vaccination were pathogenic for chick embryos, however, ND-I2 vaccine was better tolerated when administered to 18-day-old chick embryo.
文摘The experiment was conducted at Veterinary Research Station of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Royal University of Agriculture.The experimental period lasted 60 days,starting from October 1st to November 30th 2022.CRD(Completely Randomized Design)was used with 2 treatments/groups,vaccination group and non-vaccination group“control”,and 6 replications.The vaccination groups received two times of vaccination by dropping into the ocular at 7 days and 21 days.Meanwhile,blood samples were collected 3 times to detect the antibody level of ND(Newcastle Disease)and contained 21 days old,35 days old and 49 days old chicks.The ELISA(Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)was performed to detect the antibody of those 2 groups.The result of finding showed that the S/P(Sample to Positive)ratio of control at 21 days,was very low,even in 3rd quartile,which was below the threshold.However,the vaccination group was relatively high,even in 1st quartile,which was higher than the threshold.At 35 days,S/P ratio of control group was still very low,but a bit higher than at 21 days.Meanwhile,the vaccination group was still high,even in 1st quartile,and two-time higher than at 21 days,but an increasing number of samples developed less antibody than threshold,accounting for 12.22%.At 49 days,the control group was still very low,even in 3rd quartile,but a bit higher than at 21 days and 35 days,and was close to the threshold.The vaccination group was still relatively high,even in 1st quartile but lower than three times comparing to 35 days.However,in this age,the number of chickens that developed antibody seemed to be increased in the control group,vice versa for vaccination group.The average S/P ratio was different significant(p<0.001),where vaccination had higher S/P ratio than control.It was similar finding for log-titer,the vaccination had higher figure(p<0.001).The risk of infection of ND was higher in control group,but it will reduce by increasing the age of chicken,while vaccination group was decreased by increasing age,especially at 49 days and we need to consider another vaccination to get full protection.
文摘The study was conducted in Krang Yov commune,S’ang district,Kandal province and was conducted in three villages,including Kampong Po,Andong and Svay Damnak village.In the total,88 families were selected for interview by using snowball technic of nonprobability sampling.According to the results of the interviews,it showed that the number of farmers who raised chickens and had participated in training was very low number,ranging from 10.71%to 34.38%.For chicken raising system,the free ranging was the most popular by allowing the chicken to scavenge around the village,however,the total confinement was also applied.The local breed was more popular and the purpose of raising was for selling meat,however there were few households that raised the fighting cock for hobby.The number of chickens owned per household,was mostly less than 20 birds,while,the average number of birds per household ranged from 16.82 birds to 37.66 birds.However,the average number of birds per household was significant different between the households who have participated in chicken raising training and those who never participated(p<0.05),accounting for 47.52 birds and 19.85 birds,respectively.For the chicken feed,most of the farmers in those three villages used the concentration feed to offer the chicken,especially for supplementation,but,the whole rice was also used to supplement feed.The vaccination for chicken was significant different among the villages(p<0.05),in which the household in Kampong Po village had highest percentage of vaccinating their chicken,40.63%,than those in Svay Damnak and Andong village.The Newcastle vaccination was the more popular in those areas.But,all of the households have experienced with the disease,especially ND(Newcastle Disease)accounting for 67.05%,followed by influenza and fowl pox.When chicken got sick,most of farmers had treated their chicken with different methods,especially buying the medicine from the store and treatment by themselves were mostly applicable.Regarding the specific case of Newcastle disease,most of farmers were familiar with this disease and it frequently occurred in dry season and the knowledge on biosecurity measurement was very high,during suspected cases.However,the real practice with bird infected with Newcastle disease was limited since they treated the affected bird,and few farmers left their affected chicken in the flock,which could cause further spreading of this disease in the flock and village.
