Objective:To investigate the biological basis of“depression with liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome”.Methods:A digital gene expression profiling method was conducted to explore global changes in the ...Objective:To investigate the biological basis of“depression with liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome”.Methods:A digital gene expression profiling method was conducted to explore global changes in the mRNA transcriptome in a rat model of depression with liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q-PCR)was performed to verify the five genes most interest based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome(KEGG)analysis.Sini San,which disperses stagnated liver qi and strengthens the spleen,was administered to the model rats to observe whether it could reverse these genetic changes in the liver.Results:Forty-six differentially expressed genes were identified.Three of the five genes of most interestdHnf4a,Hnf4g and Cyp1a1dbased on KEGG analysis,were confirmed by realtime q-PCR.Sini San reduced the gene expression changes of Hnf4a,Hnf4g and Cyp1a1 in the rat model.Conclusions:Hnf4a,Hnf4g and Cyp1a1 are involved in“depression with liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome”.These findings indicate that depressed rats with liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome are at risk of liver diseases.Furthermore,our results will inform exploration of the etiology of depression and help in the development of effective therapeutic strategies.展开更多
Objective:To explore the medication rules of Professor Ren Shunping treating spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia,so as to provide reference for clinical prevention and development of n...Objective:To explore the medication rules of Professor Ren Shunping treating spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia,so as to provide reference for clinical prevention and development of new drugs.Methods:The 144 Chinese herbal formulas considered as active prescribed by professor Ren Shunping for the first time treating the patients with spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia were collected,entered into TCM inheritance auxiliary platform(V2.5),and then mined by some data mining methods of the software,such as the association rules and unsupervised entropy hierarchical clustering.Results:This study involved 144 Chinese herbal formulas,including a total of 56 Chinese herbal medicines.Of these Chinese herbal medicines,the herbs of cold and warm nature,and pungent,bitter and sweet in flavors were used in a quite high frequency,all of which act on spleen,stomach,lungs,large intestine,liver and gallbladder meridians.One core Chinese herbal formula was excavated,composed of patchouli,perilla stem,radix bupleuri,scutellaria,ginger pinellia,codonopsispilosula,magnolia bark,tangerine peel,large-headed atractylodes,immature bitter orange,wood incense,fructus amomi,inula britannica chinensis,ginger,medicated leaven,fried rice and fried malt based on the association rules.And a total of 17 groups of core used drugs and 2 groups of new Chinese herbal formulas undiscovered were mined based on unsupervised entropy hierarchical clustering.Conclusion:In treating spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia,professor Ren is good at treating spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia from the perspective of"tong jiang",using the"five-in-one"strategy of strengthening the spleen,evacuating the liver,coming down qi from the stomach,dispersing lung,and bowel-reflexing to treat patients as a whole.And the herbal medicines were light in dose,lovely and mild in nature for the formulars.At the same time,he paid attention to the combination of syndromes and symptoms,and flexible arbitration.展开更多
AIM To investigate gut microbial diversity and the interventional effect of Xiaoyaosan(XYS) in a rat model of functional dyspepsia(FD) with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome. METHODS The FD with liver depres...AIM To investigate gut microbial diversity and the interventional effect of Xiaoyaosan(XYS) in a rat model of functional dyspepsia(FD) with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome. METHODS The FD with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome rat model was established through classic chronic mild unpredictable stimulation every day. XYS group rats received XYS 1 h before the stimulation. The models were assessed by parameters including state ofthe rat, weight, sucrose test result and open-field test result. After 3 wk, the stools of rats were collected and genomic DNA was extracted. PCR products of the V4 region of 16 S rD NA were sequenced using a barcoded Illumina paired-end sequencing technique. The primary composition of the microbiome in the stool samples was determined and analyzed by cluster analysis.RESULTS Rat models were successfully established, per data from rat state, weight and open-field test. The microbiomes contained 20 phyla from all samples. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Tenericutes were the most abundant taxonomic groups. The relative abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria in the model group was higher than that in the normal group. On the contrary, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the model group was lower than that in the normal group. Upon XYS treatment, the relative abundance of all dysregulated phyla was restored to levels similar to those observed in the normal group. Abundance clustering heat map of phyla corroborated the taxonomic distribution. CONCLUSION The microbiome relative abundance of FD rats with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome was significantly different from the normal cohort. XYS intervention may effectively adjust the gut dysbacteriosis in FD.展开更多
Objective:This study was designed to explore the characteristics of gut microbiota in CHB patients with two most common traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)Syndromes—damp heat syndrome and liver depression and spleen de...Objective:This study was designed to explore the characteristics of gut microbiota in CHB patients with two most common traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)Syndromes—damp heat syndrome and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome.Methods:According to the diagnostic criteria of Western medicine,TCM and screening exclusion criteria,65 cases of CHB with damp heat syndrome and 28 cases of CHB with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome were finally included in the study.All the basic information was gathered and the fresh fecal samples were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing.16S rDNA of gut microbiota was sequenced using Illumina hiseq 2,500 high-throughput sequencing platform.Based on the optimized sequence,Operational Taxonomic Units(OTU)clustering analysis and taxonomic annotation were carried out.Results:The difference in relative abundance of gut microbiota was significant between damp heat syndrome and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome in CHB patients.Cyanobacteria was only found in damp heat syndrome.The relative abundance of Erysipelotrichia and Subdoligranulum were higher in liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome,while the relative abundance of Rhodospirillales,Alphaproteobacteria and Lachnospira were higher in the damp heat syndrome.LDA Effect Size(LEfSe)analysis showed that Lachnospira,Olsenella and Subdoligranulum had significant difference in species among the two TCM syndromes.Conclusion:The different characteristics of gut microbiota in the two TCM syndromes of CHB patients may play an important role in syndrome formation of TCM,which provides a new field of vision for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of TCM.展开更多
Objective:Appraisal of treatment outcomes in integrative medicine is a challenge due to a gap between the concepts of Western medicine(WM)disease and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome.This study presents an ap...Objective:Appraisal of treatment outcomes in integrative medicine is a challenge due to a gap between the concepts of Western medicine(WM)disease and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome.This study presents an approach for the appraisal of integrative medicine that is based on targeted metabolomics.We use non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with spleen deficiency syndrome as a test case.Methods:A patient-reported outcome(PRO)scale was developed based on literature review,Delphi consensus survey,and reliability and validity test,to quantitatively evaluate spleen deficiency syndrome.Then,a metabonomic foundation for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with spleen deficiency syndrome was identified via a longitudinal interventional trial and targeted metabolomics.Finally,an integrated appraisal model was established by identifying metabolites that responded in the treatment of WM disease and TCM syndrome as positive outcomes and using other aspects of the metabonomic foundation as independent variables.Results:Ten symptoms and signs were included in the spleen deficiency PRO scale.The internal reliability,content validity,discriminative validity and structural validity of the scale were all qualified.Based on treatment responses to treatments for WM disease(homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance)or TCM syndrome(spleen deficiency PRO scale score)from a previous randomized controlled trial,two cohorts comprised of 30 participants each were established for targeted metabolomics detection.Twenty-five metabolites were found to be involved in successful treatment outcomes to both WM and TCM,following quantitative comparison and multivariate analysis.Finally,the model of the integrated appraisal system was exploratively established using binary logistic regression;it included 9 core metabolites and had the prediction probability of 83.3%.Conclusion:This study presented a new and comprehensive research route for integrative appraisal of treatment outcomes for WM disease and TCM syndrome.Critical research techniques used in this research included the development of a TCM syndrome assessment tool,a longitudinal interventional trial with verified TCM treatment,identification of homogeneous metabolites,and statistical modeling.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Gong-tone music on the immunological function in rats with the Chinese medicine syndrome of Liver （Gan）-qi stagnation and Spleen （Pi）-qi deficiency （LSSD）...Objective： To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Gong-tone music on the immunological function in rats with the Chinese medicine syndrome of Liver （Gan）-qi stagnation and Spleen （Pi）-qi deficiency （LSSD）. Methods： Twenty five male Wistar rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into 5 groups： normal group, model group, Xiaoyao Powder （逍遥散） group, Gong-tone group and combined group （the combination of Gong-tone and Xiaoyao Powder）, with 5 rats in each group. The rat model for the Chinese medicine syndrome of LSSD was induced by chronic bandage and irregular diet. The course of treatment was 21 days. After the treatment, the levels of serum gastrin and IgG were detected by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay （ELISA）. Phagocytosis of macrophages was detected by the neutral red uptake assay and T cell proliferation was investigated by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazolyl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. Results： The serum gastrin, macrophage phagocytosis, IgG level and proliferation ability of T cells in the model group were significantly decreased compared with those in the normal group （P〈0.05）. Compared with those in the model group, the serum levels of gastrin, macrophage phagocytosis, IgG level and proliferation ability of T cells in Gong-tone, Xiaoyao Powder, and combined groups were significantly increased （P〈0.05）. The combined group was superior to either Gong-tone group or Xiaoyao Powder group. Conclusion： Gong-tone music may upregulate the immunological function and play a role in adjuvant therapy in the Chinese syndrome of LSSD.展开更多
基金This work was supported by a grant from the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program No.2011CB505106).
文摘Objective:To investigate the biological basis of“depression with liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome”.Methods:A digital gene expression profiling method was conducted to explore global changes in the mRNA transcriptome in a rat model of depression with liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q-PCR)was performed to verify the five genes most interest based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome(KEGG)analysis.Sini San,which disperses stagnated liver qi and strengthens the spleen,was administered to the model rats to observe whether it could reverse these genetic changes in the liver.Results:Forty-six differentially expressed genes were identified.Three of the five genes of most interestdHnf4a,Hnf4g and Cyp1a1dbased on KEGG analysis,were confirmed by realtime q-PCR.Sini San reduced the gene expression changes of Hnf4a,Hnf4g and Cyp1a1 in the rat model.Conclusions:Hnf4a,Hnf4g and Cyp1a1 are involved in“depression with liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome”.These findings indicate that depressed rats with liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome are at risk of liver diseases.Furthermore,our results will inform exploration of the etiology of depression and help in the development of effective therapeutic strategies.
基金2014 special research project of Chinese medicine industry of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.201407001-12)Key R&D Program Project of Shanxi Province(No.201703D321020)
文摘Objective:To explore the medication rules of Professor Ren Shunping treating spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia,so as to provide reference for clinical prevention and development of new drugs.Methods:The 144 Chinese herbal formulas considered as active prescribed by professor Ren Shunping for the first time treating the patients with spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia were collected,entered into TCM inheritance auxiliary platform(V2.5),and then mined by some data mining methods of the software,such as the association rules and unsupervised entropy hierarchical clustering.Results:This study involved 144 Chinese herbal formulas,including a total of 56 Chinese herbal medicines.Of these Chinese herbal medicines,the herbs of cold and warm nature,and pungent,bitter and sweet in flavors were used in a quite high frequency,all of which act on spleen,stomach,lungs,large intestine,liver and gallbladder meridians.One core Chinese herbal formula was excavated,composed of patchouli,perilla stem,radix bupleuri,scutellaria,ginger pinellia,codonopsispilosula,magnolia bark,tangerine peel,large-headed atractylodes,immature bitter orange,wood incense,fructus amomi,inula britannica chinensis,ginger,medicated leaven,fried rice and fried malt based on the association rules.And a total of 17 groups of core used drugs and 2 groups of new Chinese herbal formulas undiscovered were mined based on unsupervised entropy hierarchical clustering.Conclusion:In treating spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia,professor Ren is good at treating spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia from the perspective of"tong jiang",using the"five-in-one"strategy of strengthening the spleen,evacuating the liver,coming down qi from the stomach,dispersing lung,and bowel-reflexing to treat patients as a whole.And the herbal medicines were light in dose,lovely and mild in nature for the formulars.At the same time,he paid attention to the combination of syndromes and symptoms,and flexible arbitration.
基金General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.81473370）, Guangxi Traditional Chinese medicine Zhuang Yao medicine research and development talent team construction, （No. Gui Jiao AD16380013）, Nanning Science and Technology Plan Project （Project Number： 20133158）
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81273919 and No.81673727National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)No.2013CB531703
文摘AIM To investigate gut microbial diversity and the interventional effect of Xiaoyaosan(XYS) in a rat model of functional dyspepsia(FD) with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome. METHODS The FD with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome rat model was established through classic chronic mild unpredictable stimulation every day. XYS group rats received XYS 1 h before the stimulation. The models were assessed by parameters including state ofthe rat, weight, sucrose test result and open-field test result. After 3 wk, the stools of rats were collected and genomic DNA was extracted. PCR products of the V4 region of 16 S rD NA were sequenced using a barcoded Illumina paired-end sequencing technique. The primary composition of the microbiome in the stool samples was determined and analyzed by cluster analysis.RESULTS Rat models were successfully established, per data from rat state, weight and open-field test. The microbiomes contained 20 phyla from all samples. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Tenericutes were the most abundant taxonomic groups. The relative abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria in the model group was higher than that in the normal group. On the contrary, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the model group was lower than that in the normal group. Upon XYS treatment, the relative abundance of all dysregulated phyla was restored to levels similar to those observed in the normal group. Abundance clustering heat map of phyla corroborated the taxonomic distribution. CONCLUSION The microbiome relative abundance of FD rats with liver depression-spleen deficiency syndrome was significantly different from the normal cohort. XYS intervention may effectively adjust the gut dysbacteriosis in FD.
基金The Sixth Group of National Senior Chinese Medicine Experts’ Academic Experience Inheritance Project [approval:State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2017) No.29]the Foshan High Level Medical Key Discipline Construction Project and "Peak Climbing Plan" for Foshan High Level Hospital Construction[approval:Foshan Municipal Government Office,No. 2019 (01)]
文摘Objective:This study was designed to explore the characteristics of gut microbiota in CHB patients with two most common traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)Syndromes—damp heat syndrome and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome.Methods:According to the diagnostic criteria of Western medicine,TCM and screening exclusion criteria,65 cases of CHB with damp heat syndrome and 28 cases of CHB with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome were finally included in the study.All the basic information was gathered and the fresh fecal samples were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing.16S rDNA of gut microbiota was sequenced using Illumina hiseq 2,500 high-throughput sequencing platform.Based on the optimized sequence,Operational Taxonomic Units(OTU)clustering analysis and taxonomic annotation were carried out.Results:The difference in relative abundance of gut microbiota was significant between damp heat syndrome and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome in CHB patients.Cyanobacteria was only found in damp heat syndrome.The relative abundance of Erysipelotrichia and Subdoligranulum were higher in liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome,while the relative abundance of Rhodospirillales,Alphaproteobacteria and Lachnospira were higher in the damp heat syndrome.LDA Effect Size(LEfSe)analysis showed that Lachnospira,Olsenella and Subdoligranulum had significant difference in species among the two TCM syndromes.Conclusion:The different characteristics of gut microbiota in the two TCM syndromes of CHB patients may play an important role in syndrome formation of TCM,which provides a new field of vision for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of TCM.
基金supported by the Evidence-Based Capacity Building Project for Basic Traditional Chinese MedicineSpecialized Diseases(No.2019XZZX-XH012)Shanghai Municipal Health Commission+1 种基金Three Year Action Plan for InheritanceInnovation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZY[2021-2023]-0211)。
文摘Objective:Appraisal of treatment outcomes in integrative medicine is a challenge due to a gap between the concepts of Western medicine(WM)disease and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome.This study presents an approach for the appraisal of integrative medicine that is based on targeted metabolomics.We use non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with spleen deficiency syndrome as a test case.Methods:A patient-reported outcome(PRO)scale was developed based on literature review,Delphi consensus survey,and reliability and validity test,to quantitatively evaluate spleen deficiency syndrome.Then,a metabonomic foundation for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with spleen deficiency syndrome was identified via a longitudinal interventional trial and targeted metabolomics.Finally,an integrated appraisal model was established by identifying metabolites that responded in the treatment of WM disease and TCM syndrome as positive outcomes and using other aspects of the metabonomic foundation as independent variables.Results:Ten symptoms and signs were included in the spleen deficiency PRO scale.The internal reliability,content validity,discriminative validity and structural validity of the scale were all qualified.Based on treatment responses to treatments for WM disease(homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance)or TCM syndrome(spleen deficiency PRO scale score)from a previous randomized controlled trial,two cohorts comprised of 30 participants each were established for targeted metabolomics detection.Twenty-five metabolites were found to be involved in successful treatment outcomes to both WM and TCM,following quantitative comparison and multivariate analysis.Finally,the model of the integrated appraisal system was exploratively established using binary logistic regression;it included 9 core metabolites and had the prediction probability of 83.3%.Conclusion:This study presented a new and comprehensive research route for integrative appraisal of treatment outcomes for WM disease and TCM syndrome.Critical research techniques used in this research included the development of a TCM syndrome assessment tool,a longitudinal interventional trial with verified TCM treatment,identification of homogeneous metabolites,and statistical modeling.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30701105)Beijing Municipal Educational Fund[(2007) No.20]
文摘Objective： To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Gong-tone music on the immunological function in rats with the Chinese medicine syndrome of Liver （Gan）-qi stagnation and Spleen （Pi）-qi deficiency （LSSD）. Methods： Twenty five male Wistar rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into 5 groups： normal group, model group, Xiaoyao Powder （逍遥散） group, Gong-tone group and combined group （the combination of Gong-tone and Xiaoyao Powder）, with 5 rats in each group. The rat model for the Chinese medicine syndrome of LSSD was induced by chronic bandage and irregular diet. The course of treatment was 21 days. After the treatment, the levels of serum gastrin and IgG were detected by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay （ELISA）. Phagocytosis of macrophages was detected by the neutral red uptake assay and T cell proliferation was investigated by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazolyl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. Results： The serum gastrin, macrophage phagocytosis, IgG level and proliferation ability of T cells in the model group were significantly decreased compared with those in the normal group （P〈0.05）. Compared with those in the model group, the serum levels of gastrin, macrophage phagocytosis, IgG level and proliferation ability of T cells in Gong-tone, Xiaoyao Powder, and combined groups were significantly increased （P〈0.05）. The combined group was superior to either Gong-tone group or Xiaoyao Powder group. Conclusion： Gong-tone music may upregulate the immunological function and play a role in adjuvant therapy in the Chinese syndrome of LSSD.
