Effects of in vitro cultivated Calculus Bovis compound on pulmonary lesions in rabbits with schistosomiasis

AIM:To explore the interventional effects and mechanism of in vitro cultivated Calculus Bovis compound preparation(ICCBco) on pulmonary lesions in portal hypertensive rabbits with schistosomiasis. METHODS:The experimental group included 20 portal hypertensive rabbits with schistosomiasis treated by ICCBco.The control group included 20 portal hypertensive rabbits with schistosomiasis treated by praziquantel. The morphological changes of the pulmonary tissues were observed under light and electron microscopy.The expression of fibronectin(FN) and laminin(LN) in the lung tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS:Under light microscope,the alveolar exudation in the lung tissue was more frequently observed in the control group,while the alveolar space was fairly dry in the lung tissue of ICCBco group.Under electron microscope,more alveolar exudation in the lung tissue,and moremacrophages,alveolar angiotelectasis and the blurred three-tier structure of alveolar-capillary barrier could be seen in the control group.In ICCBco group,fibers within the alveolar interspace slightly increased in some lung regions,and the structure of typeⅠepithelium,basement membrane and endodermis was complete,and no obvious exudation from the alveolar space,and novascular congestion could be observed.There was a positive or strong positive expression of FN and LN in the lung tissue of the control group,while there was a negative or weak positive expression of FN and LN in ICCBco group. CONCLUSION:ICCBco can effectively prevent pulmonary complications in portal hypertensive rabbits with schistosomiasis by means of improving lung microcirculation and lowering the content of extracellular matrix.

The Protective Effects of In Vitro Cultivated Calculus Bovis on the Cerebral and Myocardial Cells in Hypoxic Mice

The protective effects of in vitro cultivated calculus bovis （ICCB） on the cerebral and myocardial cells in hypoxic mice and the mechanism were examined. In one group, mice were intragastrically （i.g.） given ICCB for 15 days and then they were subjected to acute cerebral ischemia by decapitation, and then the panting time was recorded. In the other group, 12 min after exposure to hypoxia, mice was administered the ICCB i.g. for 5 days, and then the blood serum and tissues of brain, heart, liver were harvested and examined for SOD, GSH-px and T-AOC activity and content of MDA. The tissues of brain and heart were observed electron-microscopically for ultrastructural changes. The corpus striatum and hippocampus of brain were collected and examined for content of dopamine （DA） and norepinephrine （NE）. The ultrastrural examination showed that the pathological change in brain and heart in the ICCB group was very slight, while abnormal changes in the control group were obviously more serious. ICCB significantly prolonged the panting time of the hypoxic mice （P〈0.001）, increased the activity of SOD, GSH-px, T-AOC in serum and tissues of brain, liver, heart and elevated the content of DA and NE. ICCB also pronouncedly reduced content of MDA in serum and tissues of brain, heart and liver. Significant differences in these parameters were noted between ICCB group and controls. It is concluded that ICCB can exert protective effect on the cells of brain and myocardium by enhancing the tolerance of the tissues to hypoxia and the body＇s ability to remove free radicals and regulating the neurotransmitters.

体外培育牛黄的药学研究

目的 :解决牛黄原料匮乏问题 ,为民族医药工业发展提供充足的优质牛黄原料药。方法 :根据胆红素钙结石体内形成的原理和生物化学过程 ,应用现代生物工程技术 ,在体外牛胆囊胆汁内培育牛胆红素钙结石 (体外培育牛黄 ) ;采用电镜扫描、红外光谱法、紫外分光光度法等检测体外培育牛黄的性状、结构、成分和主要成分含量。结果 :体外培育牛黄呈类球形 ,棕黄色 ;有同心层纹状结构 ,扫描电镜下见呈网状结构 ,网架富集胆红素钙颗粒 ;含胆红素、胆酸、胆固醇、磷脂、去氧胆酸、牛磺酸、糖蛋白、18种氨基酸及 2 1种微量元素 ;在避光、密封、防潮条件下存放三年稳定。结论 :体外培育牛黄的性状、结构、成分。