Multi-Sinusoidal Waveform Shaping for Integrated Data and Energy Transfer in Aging Channels

Integrated data and energy transfer(IDET)is capable of simultaneously delivering on-demand data and energy to low-power Internet of Everything(Io E)devices.We propose a multi-carrier IDET transceiver relying on superposition waveforms consisting of multi-sinusoidal signals for wireless energy transfer(WET)and orthogonal-frequency-divisionmultiplexing(OFDM)signals for wireless data transfer(WDT).The outdated channel state information(CSI)in aging channels is employed by the transmitter to shape IDET waveforms.With the constraints of transmission power and WDT requirement,the amplitudes and phases of the IDET waveform at the transmitter and the power splitter at the receiver are jointly optimised for maximising the average directcurrent(DC)among a limited number of transmission frames with the existence of carrier-frequencyoffset(CFO).For the amplitude optimisation,the original non-convex problem can be transformed into a reversed geometric programming problem,then it can be effectively solved with existing tools.As for the phase optimisation,the artificial bee colony(ABC)algorithm is invoked in order to deal with the nonconvexity.Iteration between the amplitude optimisation and phase optimisation yields our joint design.Numerical results demonstrate the advantage of our joint design for the IDET waveform shaping with the existence of the CFO and the outdated CSI.

Source time functions of the Gonghe，China earthquake retrieved from long－period digital waveform data using empirical Green＇s function technique

An earthquake of Ms= 6, 9 occurred at the Gonghe, Qinghai Province, China on April 26, 1990. Three larger aftershocks took place at the same region, Ms= 5. 0 on May 7, 1990, Ms= 6. 0 on Jan. 3, 1994 and Ms= 5. 7on Feb. 16, 1994. The long-period recordings of the main shock from China Digital Seismograph Network (CDSN) are deconvolved for the source time functions by the correspondent0 recordings of the three aftershocks asempirical Green's functions (EGFs). No matter which aftershock is taken as EGF, the relative source time functions (RSTFs) Obtained are nearly identical. The RSTFs suggest the Ms= 6. 9 event consists of at least two subevents with approximately equal size whose occurrence times are about 30 s apart, the first one has a duration of 12 s and a rise time of about 5 s, and the second one has a duration of 17 s and a rise time of about & s. COmParing the RSTFs obtained from P- and SH-phases respectively, we notice that those from SH-phases are a slightly more complex than those from p-phases, implying other finer subevents exist during the process of the main shock. It is interesting that the results from the EGF deconvolution of long-Period way form data are in good agreement with the results from the moment tensor inversion and from the EGF deconvolution of broadband waveform data. Additionally, the two larger aftershocks are deconvolved for their RSTFs. The deconvolution results show that the processes of the Ms= 6. 0 event on Jan. 3, 1994 and the Ms= 5. 7 event on Feb. 16,1994 are quite simple, both RSTFs are single impulses.The RSTFs of the Ms= 6. 9 main shock obtained from different stations are noticed to be azimuthally dependent, whose shapes are a slightly different with different stations. However, the RSTFs of the two smaller aftershocks are not azimuthally dependent. The integrations of RSTFs over the processes are quite close to each other, i. e., the scalar seismic moments estimated from different stations are in good agreement. Finally the scalar seismic moments of the three aftershocks are compared. The relative scalar seismic moment Of the three aftershocks deduced from the relative scalar seismic moments of the Ms=6. 9 main shock are very close to those inverted directly from the EGF deconvolution. The relative scalar seismic moment of the Ms =6. 9 main shock calculated using the three aftershocks as EGF are 22 (the Ms= 6. 0 aftershock being EGF), 26 (the Ms= 5. 7 aftershock being EGF) and 66 (the Ms= 5. 5 aftershock being EGF), respectively. Deducingfrom those results, the relative scalar sesimic moments of the Ms= 6. 0 to the Ms= 5. 7 events, the Ms= 6. 0 tothe Ms= 5. 5 events and the Ms= 5. 7 to the Ms= 5. 5 events are 1. 18, 3. 00 and 2. 54, respectively. The correspondent relative scalar seismic moments calculated directly from the waveform recordings are 1. 15, 3. 43, and 3. 05.

Source parameters of the Gonghe,Qinghai Province,China,earthquake from inversion of digital broadband waveform data

An earthquake of M S=6.9 occurred in Gonghe County, Qinghai Province, China on April 26, 1990.This earthquake was followed by three larger aftershocks of M S=5.5 on May 7, 1990, M S=6.0 on Jan.3, 1994, and M S=5.7 on Feb.16, 1994, consecutively. The moment tensors of these earthquakes as function of time were obtained by the technique of moment tensor inversion in frequency domain . The results inverted indicate that these earthquakes had a very similar focal mechanism of predominantly reverse faulting on a plane striking NWW, dipping to SSW.The scalar seismic moments of these earthquakes are M 0=9.4×10 18 Nm for the M S=6.9 event, 8.0×10 16 Nm for the M S=5.5 event, 4.9×10 17 Nm for the M S =6.0 event and 2.9×10 17 Nm for the M S=5.7 event, respectively. The results inverted also show that the source processes of these events were significantly different. The main shock had a very complex process, consisting of two distinct sub events with comparable sizes. The first sub event occurred in the first 12s, having a seismic moment of 4.7×10 18 Nm, and the second one continued from 31s to 41s, having a seismic moment of 2.5×10 18 Nm. In addition, a much smaller sub event, having a seismic moment of about 2.1×10 18 Nm, may exist in the interval of 12 s and 31 s, In contrast, the source processes of the three aftershocks are quite simple. The source time function of each of aftershocks is a single impulse, suggestting that each of aftershocks consists of a mainly uninterrupted rupture. The rise times and total rupture durations are 4 s and 11 s for the M S=5.5 event, 6 s and 16 s for the M S= 6.0 event and 6 s and 13 s for the M S=5.7 event, respectively.

基于压缩感知的波形指示反演在薄储层预测中的应用

鄂尔多斯盆地东缘大牛地气田二叠系下石盒子组有效砂体致密、规模小、厚度薄,储层非均质性强且地震波阻抗叠置严重。为实现下石盒子组5~6 m致密薄砂岩储层的有效刻画,文中选取了盒1段气藏主力单砂体作为研究对象。在地震正演分析基础上,形成了叠前道集优化提质+压缩感知拓频+纵波标定+波形指示GR反演的技术组合,该技术组合将压缩感知技术与波形指示反演技术的优势有机结合起来,并在盒1段气藏主力单砂体进行了应用。预测结果表明:地震剖面横、纵向分辨率显著提高,其预测成果更加符合地质沉积规律,与实钻井吻合良好,实现了5~6 m致密薄砂岩的有效刻画。该研究为致密砂岩气藏薄储层预测提供了一种新方法。

国家测震台网中心强震动数据处理系统的设计与实现

为满足国家测震台网海量强震动观测数据的处理时效性、格式标准化、产品丰富度等需求,开发了兼容多类强震动观测站点且具备数据快速汇集、处理及归档等功能的强震动数据处理系统。该系统提供地震波形人机交互数据预处理界面,对加速度记录进行预处理,进一步分析预处理后的加速度事件波形数据,计算得到地震动各项参数,包括峰值加速度(PGA)、峰值速度(PGV)、峰值位移(PGD)、仪器烈度、持时、傅氏谱、反应谱和三联谱等,可以导出地震元数据、地震记录波形,对各类数据进行归档存储。该系统具有平台统一性、功能集成性、数据完备性等特点,有效提升了日常数据处理和管理能力,能在地震应急、震害评估和科学研究中发挥实效。

基于一二次融合设备的配电网含分支线路参数计算方法

精确的线路参数是实现配电网安全经济可靠运行的基础。由于配电网的结构特点,难以获得准确的配电网线路参数。基于一二次融合设备的录波数据,提出了1种新的配电网线路参数计算方法。该方法能够精确计算配电线路的正序、负序和零序参数,包括电容参数。该方法能够适用于配电网点多面广、分支众多的实际情况,也能用于含分布式新能源的配电网,计算精度不受故障类型和负荷变化的影响。仿真结果表明,其计算结果和精度能够满足电力系统继电保护和电网运行的要求。

An envelope-based machine learning workflow for locating earthquakes in the southern Sichuan Basin

The development of machine learning technology enables more robust real-time earthquake monitoring through automated implementations. However, the application of machine learning to earthquake location problems faces challenges in regions with limited available training data. To address the issues of sparse event distribution and inaccurate ground truth in historical seismic datasets, we expand the training dataset by using a large number of synthetic envelopes that closely resemble real data and build an earthquake location model named ENVloc. We propose an envelope-based machine learning workflow for simultaneously determining earthquake location and origin time. The method eliminates the need for phase picking and avoids the accumulation of location errors resulting from inaccurate picking results. In practical application, ENVloc is applied to several data intercepted at different starting points. We take the starting point of the time window corresponding to the highest prediction probability value as the origin time and save the predicted result as the earthquake location. We apply ENVloc to observed data acquired in the southern Sichuan Basin, China, between September 2018 and March 2019. The results show that the average difference with the catalog in latitude, longitude, depth, and origin time is 0.02°,0.02°, 2 km, and 1.25 s, respectively. These suggest that our envelope-based method provides an efficient and robust way to locate earthquakes without phase picking, and can be used in earthquake monitoring in near-real time.

基于时序生成对抗网络和注意力机制的电器数据生成方法

在智能电网中,非侵入式负荷检测等技术的实现都需要使用大量标记过的电器功率数据,而这类数据的收集和标注十分昂贵、耗时并且容易侵犯用户的安全隐私。为了应对数据收集的挑战,文中提出一种将时序生成对抗网络和通道空间双注意力机制相结合的数据生成方法,用来合成与实际电器功率数据相似的合成数据。时序生成对抗网络结合无监督的灵活性和有监督的可控性,能够进行家用电器数据生成,注意力机制又能够使时序生成对抗网络注重电器启动时的波形,忽略电器未启动时的干扰,构建一个符合真实工况且随机的数据生成模型。文中使用五种性能度量指标对该模型生成的数据进行评估,并且使用主成分分析(PCA)降维进行可视化分析。实验结果表明,使用该方法生成的合成数据具有与真实数据非常相似的特征,并有较高的精度。

基于α-DDTW算法与功率波形相似度的馈线OP互联匹配

OP互联是指供电企业内部对电力调度系统(OMS)及设备(资产)运维精益管理系统(PMS)中维护的台账数据进行有效关联。针对中压配电网10 kV馈线OP互联流程复杂、效率低下,且缺乏有效校验机制等问题,提出了一种基于配电网多源量测数据与系统台账信息的馈线OP数据校核与匹配方法。首先,从OMS和PMS中提取功率、设备参数等信息,并对台账及功率进行预处理,形成功率时间序列矩阵;然后,基于α-DDTW距离评估两侧馈线功率波形近似度,实现馈线OP数据的校核与关联匹配;最后,对华东某市电力公司的系统数据进行算例分析,验证了所提方法的有效性与实际工程应用价值。

一种无功补偿控制器延时时间测试方法介绍

文中介绍了JB/T 9663-2013标准对控制器延时时间的测试要求与控制器工作原理。结合标准要求与控制器输出回路工作方式,介绍了一种可用于测量控制器延时时间测试方法。在此方法中,通过数据采集系统测量通道采集控制器输出回路V12与K1至K12中DC12电压信号和取样电流回路三相开关进线端相间AC47V电压波形出现或消失时刻。利用采集到的波形,测量控制器接通与分断延时时间。

基于动态时间弯曲的地铁跨专业数据同步方法研究

跨专业数据融合分析是打破地铁多部门协作数据壁垒、解决多系统联合仿真困难的重要途径,而跨专业数据同步则是数据融合分析的重要保证。为了实现地铁牵引变电站与车辆数据的时间同步,从波形相似性检测的角度提出了一种基于动态时间弯曲的时间同步方法。通过将牵引变电站的电压波形数据与地铁车辆中的电压波形数据进行匹配分析,实现两者时间同步。结果表明该方法能够计算各个变电站与每一辆列车的时间偏移,具有较高的准确性和有效性,满足工程应用的需求。

SegNet-based first-break picking via seismic waveform classification directly from shot gathers with sparsely distributed traces

Manually picking regularly and densely distributed first breaks(FBs)are critical for shallow velocitymodel building in seismic data processing.However,it is time consuming.We employ the fullyconvolutional Seg Net to address this issue and present a fast automatic seismic waveform classification method to pick densely-sampled FBs directly from common-shot gathers with sparsely distributed traces.Through feeding a large number of representative shot gathers with missing traces and the corresponding binary labels segmented by manually interpreted fully-sampled FBs,we can obtain a welltrained Seg Net model.When any unseen gather including the one with irregular trace spacing is inputted,the Seg Net can output the probability distribution of different categories for waveform classification.Then FBs can be picked by locating the boundaries between one class on post-FBs data and the other on pre-FBs background.Two land datasets with each over 2000 shots are adopted to illustrate that one well-trained 25-layer Seg Net can favorably classify waveform and further pick fully-sampled FBs verified by the manually-derived ones,even when the proportion of randomly missing traces reaches50%,21 traces are missing consecutively,or traces are missing regularly.

中国地震台网波形数据整理及服务平台建设

对中国地震台网中心2008—2021年间存储的中国地震台网固定观测台站近150TB波形数据进行了归档和整理,并对数据可用率和断记缺失情况进行了调查统计。在建立波形文件索引数据库的基础上,建设了符合国际标准Web服务接口的波形数据服务平台,能够7×24h不间断提供数据服务,实现了用户通过应用程序自动获取定制波形数据的功能,为人工智能等新数据驱动技术在地震监测中的发展应用提供了支撑。

IEEE 1057数字波形记录仪标准的发展述评

详细介绍了IEEE Std 1057数字波形记录仪标准历次版本的技术参数变化,探讨了其所涉及的13类指标特性划分的思想意图,对其所使用的6种基本方法进行了分析与阐述。同时,讨论了标准中仍然存在的一些问题及不足,包括时基误差、多通道同步、绝对延迟、触发参数误差、正弦拟合收敛性等问题,并对该方向未来的发展进行了展望。

联合地震初至走时与早至波形的深度学习速度建模

地震初至走时和早至波形数据含有丰富的速度结构信息,被广泛用于地震速度建模.采用初至走时建模稳定,但精度不足;而地震波形速度建模虽然精度较高,但稳定性较低.联合采用初至走时和早至波形可能有助于同时提高速度建模的稳定性和精度,但走时和波形的物理意义不同,在数据结构上存在明显差异,难以直接在常规层析成像或波形反演中联合.本文提出联合地震初至走时与早至波形的深度学习速度建模方法,通过对特征数据集的异构数据进行维度变换,使初至走时和早至波形以不同通道输入到深度神经网络,形成相对应的速度模型映射.数值实验结果表明,该方法实现了初至走时和早至波形在速度建模中的优势互补,其建模精度优于仅采用初至走时及仅采用早至波形的深度学习建模方法和层析成像方法.利用异构数据开展深度学习速度建模的思路,对联合其他数据开展高精度速度建模也具有借鉴意义.

面向数据增强的轻量化语音情感识别

利用深度学习进行语音情感识别时通常需要大量的训练数据。针对现有语音情感数据库匮乏且数据量少容易造成过拟合的缺陷,本文在预处理阶段,将原始语音通过加入高斯白噪声和对波形进行位移产生新的语音信号以实现数据增强,不仅可提高识别准确率而且可增强模型的鲁棒性。与此同时,由于普通卷积神经网络参数量过大,提出一种轻量化模型,该模型由可分离卷积与门控循环单元构成。首先,从原始语音中提取MFCC特征作为模型的输入;其次利用可分离卷积来提取语音空间信息,门控循环单元提取语音的时序信息,用时序信息和空间信息同时表征语音情感可以使预测结果更加准确;最后送入带有softmax的全连接层完成情感分类。实验结果表明,本文模型与基准模型相比不仅可以得到较高的准确率且模型可压缩约50%。

基于互相似性度量的航空电源系统故障诊断

工业测量中的数据丢失会导致被测信号序列采样数据的缺失,进一步使得重构波形的局部特征与实际信号出现差异。该问题在稀疏数据点构成的信号序列中尤为严重,非完整信号序列将为航空电源系统的故障诊断带来挑战。针对该问题,提出一种基于电流宏观波形相似性度量的时域故障诊断方法。首先,监测航空电源系统三相输出电流并进行归一化处理;其次,根据正弦电流波形特征进行信号序列重构以消除三相相位差异;再次,采用动态时间规整算法对数据缺失的非等长信号序列进行补齐并使三相序列数据元素相匹配;继次,基于序列匹配关系构建电流波形绝对和相对相似度作为诊断变量;最后,K-近邻算法被用于故障模式的识别。经过验证与比较分析,所提方法能够基于数据缺失的稀疏信号序列,准确实现航空电源系统的开路故障诊断。

结合物理与几何特性的机载LiDAR数据分类方法

机载LiDAR数据分类是根据数据特征为每个点指定类别标签。针对现有方法忽略全波形与点云在物理特性上的关联、缺乏对邻域几何和语义相关性的深入挖掘,从而导致捕获局部结构能力不足的问题,搭建了结合目标物理与几何特性的分类方法,实现了由全波形和点云组成的机载LiDAR数据端到端分类。首先,构建了特征融合模块,提取了全波形时序特征和点云几何特征,依据两种数据物理意义上的关联,通过双低秩矩阵实现了全波形与点云特征级融合。其次,构建了邻域特征增强模块,挖掘点对相关性,增强对局部几何结构的学习。最后基于层次化编解码结构搭建了分类网络。该网络在机载LiDAR数据集上测试,达到平均精度0.96、平均召回率0.90、平均F1分数0.92,证明了网络的有效性。

山地地理测绘勘探中反射式激光雷达回波特征优化监测研究

地理测绘勘探激光雷达回波特征在山地区域应用,会出现光斑回波叠加,导致坐标混乱,特征监测效果差;文章结合反射式激光雷达,在采集山地地理特征光斑数据的基础上,优化设计反射式激光雷达在山地地理测绘勘探中的应用过程,并确定其相关参数;通过分区对山地地理一一扫描,整合扫描结果,采集该山地地理特征的激光雷达回波数据;设计一种光斑回波波形分解模型,进行山地地质环境监测序列的小波去噪处理;通过该处理获取地理特征,去除光斑回波叠加干扰,在通过坐标和高程转换,解决坐标混乱问题,完成特征的监控;实验结果表明:该方法与传统的方法比较,能够更加有效监测出山地地理的变形量,监测效果好、监测性能较高。

基于计算兴波云图的舰船航速智能识别方法

数据挖掘是船舶领域中的研究热点,针对船舶领域流场分析问题,基于波形图的航速判断误差较大,提出一种人工智能解决方法。由于可利用的数据集较少且图像噪声较多,采用数据增广扩充数据。通过图像处理降噪与生成对抗网络增加仿造样本,结合深度神经网络迁移学习的方式进行模型融合并分类,分别通过原始样本实验测试、数据扩增实验测试和迁移学习实验测试并比较,得出该方法预测结果接近实际航速,在样本丰富的情况下可以实际应用。