Vibration analysis of large bulb tubular pump house under pressure pulsations

A 3D finite element model of the Huaiyin third pumping station of the Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer is described in this paper. Two methods were used in the calculation and vibration analysis of the pumping station in both the time domain and the frequency domain. The pressure pulsation field of the whole flow passage was structured on the basis of pressure pulsations recorded at some locations of the physical model test. Dynamic time-history analysis of the pump house under pressure pulsations was carried out. At the same time, according to spectrum characteristics of the pressure pulsations at measuring points and results of free vibration characteristics analysis of the pump house, the spectrum analysis method of random vibration was used to calculate dynamic responses of the pump house. Results from both methods are consistent, which indicates that they are both reasonable. The results can be used for reference in anti-vibration safety evaluation of the Huaiyin third pumping station.

Seismic reliability assessment of a steel moment-resisting frame with two different ductility levels using a cloud analysis approach

A cloud method for generating percentile engineering demand parameter versus intensity measure(EDP-IM) curves of a structure subjected to a set of synthetic ground motions is presented. To this end, an ensemble of synthetic ground motions based on available real ones is generated. This is done by using attenuation relationships, duration and suitable Gutenberg-Richter relations attributed to the considered seismic hazard at a given site by estimating a suitable distribution of magnitude and site to source distance. The study aims to clarify the significance of the duration and frequency content on the seismic performance of structures, which were not considered in developing percentile incremental dynamic analysis(IDA) curves. The collapse probabilities of two steel moment-resisting frames with different ductility levels generated by IDA and the proposed cloud method are compared at different intensity levels. When compared with conventional IDA, the suggested cloud analysis(SCA) methodology with the same run number of dynamic analyses was able to develop response hazard curves that were more consistent with site-specific seismic hazards. Eliminating the need to find many real records by generating synthetic records consistent with site-specific seismic hazards from a few available recorded ground motions is another advantage of using this scheme over the IDA method..

Seismic analysis of long-span continuous rigid frame bridges in cold regions:a case study of Bridge 1 in north of international tourism resort in Changbai Mountain

It is helpful to improve the seismic design theory of long-span continuous bridges for studying the seismic performance of each cantilever construction state.Taking the Bridge 1 in the north of Changbai-Mountain international tourism resort as an example,the authors studied it in shutdown phase and the cantilever construction process,established the simulation model by using Midas / civil,and analyzed time-history of each construction stage for the bridge.The study shows that long-span bridge cantilever construction in northeastern China can be divided into two-year tasks for construction(suspending in winter).It is needed to think about seismic stability of the cantilever position in shut-down phase of winter.The effect of longitudinal vibration is the most disadvantageous influence to bridge,and its calculation results can provide reference for seismic design of similar bridges in the future.

Seismic Analysis for Rigid-Framed Prestressed Reinforced Concrete Bridge in Tianjin Light Railway

The seismic analysis of a rigid-framed prestressed concrete bridge in Tianjin Light Railway is performed. A 3-D dynamic finite element model of the bridge is established considering the weakening effect caused by the soft soil foundation. After the dynamic characteristics are calculated in terms of natural frequencies and modes, the seismic analysis is carried out using the modal response spectrum method and the time-history method, respectively. Based on the calculated results, the reasonable design values are finally suggested as the basis of the seismic design of the bridge, and meanwhile the problems encountered were also analyzed. Finally, some conclusions are drawn as: 1) Despite the superiority of rigid-framed prestressed concrete bridge, the upper and lower ends of the piers of the bridge are proved to be the crucial parts of the bridge, which are easily destroyed under designed earthquake excitations and should be carefully analyzed and designed; 2) The soft soil foundation can possibly result in rather weakening of the lateral rigidity of the rigid-framed bridge, and should be paid considerable attention; 3) The modal response spectrum method, combined with time-history method, is suggested for the seismic analysis in engineering design of the rigid-framed prestressed concrete bridge.

Analysis of Office-Teaching Comprehensive Buildings Using a Modified Seismic Performance Evaluation Method

Current building design codes allow the appearance of structural and nonstructural damage under design basis earthquakes.The research regarding probabilistic seismic loss estimation in domestic building structure is urgent.The evaluation in this paper is based on a 11-story reinforced concrete office building,incremental dynamic analysis(IDA)is conducted in Perform 3D program using models capable to simulate all possible limit states up to collapse.Next,the probability distribution of post-earthquake casualties,rebuild costs repair costs and business downtime loss are calculated in PACT software for the studied building considering the modified component vulnerability groups and population flow models.The evaluation procedure can also shed light on other types of buildings in China.For non-typical functional building structures,this article proposes to build a finite element model of structural components and to classify the vulnerability groups based on the construction drawings,and to supply and improve the vulnerability library of appendages in FEMA P-58 according to the actual situation.In this way,the application scope of building seismic performance evaluation can be expanded.

Dynamic Performance Analysis of Steel Frame Structure under Seismic Action

In order to find out the dynamic characteristics of a steel frame structure project in the 8 degree (0.3g) area, the artificial wave, Taft wave and El Centro wave were input by using the finite element analysis software ANSYS. The dynamic time-history analysis of the structure shows the dynamic performance of the structure under the frequent earthquakes and rare earthquakes.

基于IDA的输电塔地震动强度指标与结构损伤指标研究

以输电塔为研究对象,利用20条典型地震动时程,分别采用10个地震动强度指标(intensity measure,IM)和4个结构损伤指标(damage measure,DM)对输电塔进行增量动力分析(incremental dynamic analysis,IDA)。通过双对数线性回归建立了地震动强度指标与输电塔损伤指标的无量纲化关联模型,并对不同强度指标和损伤指标组合下关联模型的有效性、实用性和效益性进行了综合评价。结果表明:针对输电塔结构,选取有效峰值加速度(effective peak acceleration,EPA)作为IM和节间位移角(inter-story drift ration,ISDR)作为DM进行组合时,具有较好的稳定性和较高的相关性;基于输电塔结构第一阶、第二阶反应谱的Sa_(avg)^(*)在指标关联性评价中的优势与EPA、Sa(T_(1))类似,而Sv*avg指标与有效峰值速度(effective peak velocity,EPV)、第一周期谱速度(Sv(T_(1)))指标相比,增强了与DM之间的关联性;构造的E(ad)作为结构总持时内的地震动能量输入指标与所有IM指标组合时,并不受输电塔对加速度型IM更敏感从而导致加速度型IM与DM组合时关联性更强的影响。研究结果可以为进一步提高输电塔结构抗震性能评价精度提供参考和借鉴。

基于IDA方法的高层剪力墙结构地震易损性研究

以一既有高层剪力墙建筑结构为例,通过删减一部分剪力墙作为变量来模拟私拆剪力墙的现象,通过数据对比来判别拆除剪力墙对结构整体抗震性能的影响。在增量动力分析基础上,结合易损性研究,通过调整地震波PGA,分别对四个结构模型进行IDA分析,得到不同强度下的最大层间位移角,划分结构抗震性能水平以及破坏等级,确定各性能水平下的超越概率模型。研究表明:拆除部分剪力墙影响结构的整体抗震性能,提高了结构超越极限状态的概率。其中拆除10层位置剪力墙的结构抗震性能最差,拆除1层位置剪力墙的结构的抗震性能与拆除19层位置剪力墙的结构的抗震性能相当,基准结构的抗震性能最优。

基于IDA的型钢混凝土框架的地震易损性分析

基于增量动力分析(IDA)方法研究了型钢混凝土框架结构在地震作用下的易损性和抗倒塌能力。设计了4个具有不同柱梁抗弯承载力之比的结构,对其进行IDA分析,获得了各模型的抗震能力曲线。进行了场地地震危险性分析,获得了场地地震危险性概率模型。根据结构抗震能力曲线,分析了结构的地震易损性,得到了结构在地震作用下各性态点的超越概率及结构抗倒塌储备系数。根据结构地震易损性曲线和场地地震危险性概率模型,计算了结构各性态点的年平均超越概率。结果表明,柱梁抗弯承载力之比对计算结果有显著影响,柱梁抗弯承载力之比越大则结构的抗倒塌储备系数越大,结构在特定地震动作用下倒塌的概率越小。

基于IDA的主余震序列作用下RC框架易损性分析与生命周期费用评估

本文基于IDA方法对一实际6层钢筋混凝土框架进行易损性分析,结果表明结构在主余震协同作用下的失效概率会显著增加,需要在设计中考虑余震。进一步假定设计时采用增加钢支撑的方式应对主余震序列型地震动,研究了加撑后框架结构的易损性并对两类结构在生命周期内的总费用进行了评估。评估结果表明,在设计中采用增加钢支撑的方式来应对主余震序列型地震动虽然会增加结构的初始投资,但会降低结构整个生命周期内的总费用。

基于单地震动记录IDA方法的结构倒塌分析

增量动力分析(Incremental Dynamic Analysis,IDA)作为静力Pushover分析的动力拓展,可以全面、准确地分析结构的性能变化,尤其可以很好地分析结构倒塌这一动力失稳问题。本文基于单地震动记录的IDA方法,提出了"折半取中"原则,以确定结构倒塌极限状态点。以一榀五层三跨钢筋混凝土框架结构为例,分别考虑钢筋强化模型、理想弹塑性模型和软化模型,对其进行倒塌分析。结果表明:钢筋的屈服后强化特性对结构抗倒塌能力具有显著的影响。

基于IDA方法的高速铁路连续梁桥易损性分析

大量经验表明高速铁路预应力混凝土桥在地震下的破坏主要体现在桥墩和支座位置。为了得到该种桥型地震下的易损性曲线,利用典型高速铁路连续梁桥为计算实例,采用IDA方法 (增量动力分析法),通过有限元软件Open Sees建立了地震易损性分析模型。根据场地类型,选取20条地震波进行非线性时程分析,通过调幅得到200个计算工况。定义4种破坏极限状态,并通过回归分析建立不同破坏极限状态地震需求和地震动强度指标关系。基于对数正态分布假设绘制各个破坏状态对应的易损性曲线,并通过一阶可靠度理论得到整体易损性曲线。

基于IDA-MC的桥梁地震风险概率评估方法

针对目前桥梁地震风险评估考虑的风险因素单一的不足,并为避免复杂的解析分析,引入增量动力分析方法(IDA)与蒙特卡罗(MC)分析方法相结合的技术,同步考虑地震危险性与桥梁结构在地震作用下的易损性,提出基于IDA-MC的特大桥梁地震风险概率评估方法。依据桥梁所在场地的地震烈度概率分布,通过蒙特卡罗抽样得到数量充足的地震烈度值,将其转换为对应的峰值加速度,并结合IDA分析,结果得到大量的结构响应;根据地震损伤准则判断桥梁结构的损伤指数,进而统计桥梁结构在不同损伤等级下的风险概率。以飘浮体系斜拉桥为例进行了演示,分析过程及结果充分体现了该方法的高效性与准确性,并对飘浮体系斜拉桥的地震风险概率规律进行了深入分析,分析结果将对桥梁的地震风险、运营管理提供有力的技术支撑。

基于IDA方法的悬索桥地震破坏机理分析中地震输入合理选择

以非线性时程分析为基础的IDA方法可作为展现以桥塔为主要目标的悬索桥地震破坏模式研究的有力工具。地震动输入的不确定性是时程分析结果离散性大的决定性因素。因此首先需为以IDA为工具的悬索桥地震破坏模式研究选择恰当的地震动记录以及IM指标。基于地震动记录选波研究现状,明确恰当的选波数量、选波方法及采用的工具和数据库。以悬索桥为对象,根据悬索桥桥塔高阶振动和非线性软化效应的地震响应特点,讨论谱匹配参数设置。以PGMD开放程序为工具,采用两级选波方法在PEER-NGA数据库中选出40条地震动记录,通过对比Sa(T1,5%)和PGA调幅下桥塔地震响应离散性,最终选定18条地震动记录以及PGA为合理的IM指标,并通过悬索桥IDA分析曲线验证选波的合理性。研究详细展示了如何利用现有开放强震数据库,以IDA为工具进行某一特定结构抗震性能研究时,选择合理地震动记录及IM指标的方法及过程,也可为悬索桥地震破坏模式的研究提供基础。

基于IDA分析的结构抗地震倒塌能力研究

结构体系的合理性对提高结构在极端灾害下的抗倒塌能力具有非常关键的作用,但目前尚缺少对结构体系合理性和抗倒塌能力的定量化评价方法。本文以结构抗地震倒塌为例,首先对结构的安全储备进行了讨论,指出结构的安全储备包括构件层次的安全储备和整体结构体系安全储备,并对影响结构体系安全储备的因素进行了分析。而后,为了更好地评价整体结构体系的抗地震倒塌安全水平,介绍了近年来国际上趋向采用的基于增量动力分析(IDA)的倒塌储备系数(CMR),并以框架结构为例介绍了用倒塌储备系数衡量整体结构抗倒塌能力的具体方法。

基于IDA方法的后张预应力装配耗能框架地震易损性分析

为了进一步研究后张预应力装配耗能框架(Post-Tensioned Energy Dissipating,PTED框架)的抗震性能,开展了基于增量动力分析方法(IDA)的地震易损性分析和抗倒塌研究。以直接基于位移设计的四层三跨PTED框架为基本原型,建立了Open SEES非线性分析模型,并选取10条地震动记录对其进行IDA分析。结果表明,不同于普通钢筋混凝土框架的单项损伤指标,PTED结构需考虑最大预应力筋合力和最大层间位移角的双项损伤指标。结合IDA分析结果建立了地震需求模型,得到了结构模型的易损性曲线和抗倒塌概率曲线。PTED框架在设防大震作用下倒塌概率为0.2%,表明其具有较好的抗倒塌能力。

基于IDA的钢筋混凝土桥墩随机地震响应概率特征分析

选取56条ⅡI类场地近场地震波,采用IDA分析方法,对3个不同墩高的混凝土桥墩进行分析.以桥墩的墩顶位移响应为研究目标进概率特征统计,得出以下结论:对于低周期桥墩,墩顶位移响应及地震波峰值加速度在取双对数的情况下,对于每个地震波峰值加速度,位移响应的对数近似可以看成正态分布,且位移响应对数的均值与地震波峰值加速度的对数呈线性关系,其方差随着地震波峰值加速度的增加呈增大趋势,但并非线性关系.同时,墩的高度也是影响墩顶位移响应离散性的因素之一,墩的高度越大,墩顶位移的离散性也越大.

基于IDA的混凝土斜拉桥桥塔非线性抗震需求分析

由于缺乏对斜拉桥在地震作用下的损伤和破坏过程等基础研究,我国目前的桥梁抗震设计规范要求在偶遇地震作用下,斜拉桥的桥塔也需基本保持弹性。而近年来的研究表明桥塔在强震作用下有进入塑性的可能,且国外已建成的大跨度桥梁明确允许桥塔可以出现塑性。本文利用Open Sees有限元程序,对一典型中等跨度斜拉桥试验模型建立弹塑性有限元动力分析模型进行IDA分析,得出在顺、横桥向地震作用下桥塔的潜在塑性区域、塔顶位移及桥塔关键截面曲率IDA曲线,并利用以上结论指导混凝土斜拉桥模型的振动台试验加载方案设计,为发展斜拉桥非线性抗震理论提供必要的研究基础。

基于IDA的格构式拱结构抗倒塌性能分析

采用自定义钢材本构模型,考虑压杆失稳后的力学性能,对格构式拱结构进行增量动力分析(Incremental Dynamic Analysis,IDA),得到格构式拱结构的薄弱位置以及倒塌破坏极限位移。不同跨度的格构式拱在竖向地震作用下,结构概率分位值为95%对应的结构倒塌极限竖向位移为结构跨度的1/154~1/104。在水平地震作用下,结构概率分位值为95%对应的结构倒塌极限水平位移为结构柱高的1/40~1/28。在竖向地震作用下,结构的薄弱位置主要位于跨中;在水平地震作用下结构薄弱位置主要位于桁架柱身;考虑压杆失稳时,1/4跨度处的斜腹杆由于长细比较大将会发生失稳破坏。在双向地震作用下,主桁架失效位置主要集中于桁架柱腹杆和1/4跨度处。IDA分析结果与试验结果一致,可为格构式拱结构的抗倒塌设计提供参考。

基于IDA的西藏典型单层砌体结构地震易损性研究

为了进一步研究西藏地区典型单层砌体结构的抗震性能,基于振动台试验数据和增量动力分析(IDA)对其进行了地震易损性研究。首先,建立了试验原型结构的有限元模型,并从动力特性、加速度反应和结构损伤等方面与振动台试验对比分析,验证了有限元模型的可靠性;其次,以地震动峰值加速度和最大层间位移角分别作为地震动强度参数和结构性能参数,对结构进行了增量动力分析;最后,以增量动力分析结果对结构进行了地震易损性分析,评估结构各损伤状态的超越概率。结果表明,该结构在4种极限状态所对应的峰值加速度分别为0.265、0.566 g、0.736 g、0.862 g,均大于IX度区的抗震设防要求,并且表现出较低的失效概率以及较好的抗倒塌性能,证明了该砌体结构的安全性,能满足规范中的抗震设防目标。