PBL教学法联合iDOPS在放射科临床住培生教学中的应用

目的探讨研究基于问题的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)联合改良操作技能直接观察评估(improved direct observation of procedural skill,iDOPS)教学在放射科临床住培生中的应用及其效果。方法将2021年1月—2022年1月在嘉兴市第一医院的放射科轮转的118名临床住培生随机分为试验组及对照组,各59名,试验组采用PBL联合iDOPS教学模式,对照组采用以授课为主的常规教学模式(lecture-based learning,LBL)及iDOPS。对比出科时两组住培生出科考理论考成绩、阅片技能考成绩、三阶段iDOPS评估分数、教学满意度评价。结果试验组住培生出科理论考成绩、阅片技能考成绩、第二、三阶段iDOPS评估分数分别为(85.41±7.64)分、(84.20±6.82)分、(45.27±6.66)分及(54.15±5.88)分,均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),教学满意度各维度评价均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论PBL联合iDOPS教学在临床住培生中的应用效果显著。

上海电力精益生产实践与停电计划优化(IDOP)

在议论了智能电网建设及其对我国电力经营管理影响和IBM智慧电力及解决方案的基础上,指出了信息化建设对我国电网企业经营管理的意义和作用,比较详细地介绍了上海电力信息化建设进展和精益生产实践活动及成效,着重探讨了IBM停电计划优化(IDOP)解决方案和应用成果,并得出了一些启示。

Competition between Coral and Algae in Tertiary and Quaternary Reefs: Greenhouse to Icehouse Transitions

The competition between coral and algae in marine reefs is pervasive through geologic time;that competition determines the structure and composition of reef communities, which we see in the fossil record. However, the relationships between coral and calcareous algae in reefs are poorly understood. To study this relationship, several hand samples and thin sections were examined from nine different foralgal reef localities around the world. Foralgal reefs typically extend from about 20 m depth or shallower on the seaward side of the reef. The first section is Salt Mountain, Alabama, which preserves a Paleocene reef. It contains a high percentage of red coralline algae with benthic foraminifera. The second section is IDOP-U1376, IIA Limestone, it is Middle Eocene, in the form of an isolated reef sandwiched between two igneous beds. The third section is the Utoe’ Limestone, New Caledonia, it is Middle Eocene in age and is composed mainly of grain-boundstone units with some igneous interlayered. The fourth section is the Darnah Formation in the West-Darnah roadcut section, Northeast Libya, it is Middle Eocene in age, it is composed of highly fossiliferous limestone (corals, red coralline algae, echinoids, mollusks, foraminifers, and bryozoans). The fifth section, the Al Bayda Formation (Algal Limestone Member) in Northeast Libya, is in the Drayanah—Al Abyar roadcut, Northeast Libya, it has several species of algae but also includes a high percentage of buildups of coral species. The sixth section is the Oligo-Miocene Al Faidiyah Formation (Al Fatayah Cement Quarry) limestone unit in Northeast Libya. The seventh section is (Core-core 20) late-early to middle Miocene Limestone Unit-Cicuco Field, NW Colombia. The eighth section is the Benghazi Formation at Benghazi Cement Quarry, in Northeast Libya, it is fossiliferous limestone, consisting of coral, algae, mollusks, and echinoids. The ninth and tenth sections are Quaternary reefs in the Bahamas and the Florida Keys, respectively. These reefs contain a high percentage of coral, red coralline algae, echinoids, mollusks, foraminifers, and ostracods. Based on the data and static analysis results on the thin sections and hand specimens, this study determines the occurrence and outcomes of coral-algal interactions among different coral growth forms (branching, upright, massive, encrusting, plating, and solitary). The Early Paleogene (Paleocene to Eocene) has the highest percentage of algae in two forms (crustose and frondose), which is a good indicator of a warm climate. In the Middle Eocene to Late Eocene, coral replaced algae in different localities in sections of that age. This change is an indicator of climatic cooling, especially in the western Lutetian Darnah section. In the Oligocene time, high-branching corals became abundant and escaped competition with the algae due to Icehouse conditions, as shown in the Al Bayda Formation. In the Miocene, coral species started to decline because of the return to Greenhouse conditions. Coral can lose its competitive edge when chemical and physical defense systems reduce growth and production due to warming. On the other hand, crustose-form algae attract the larvae of the coral. Algae induce them to get a more highly competitive frondose form, which is useful for corals as they decrease growth and production. Algae can quickly colonize the dead reef by using the firm substrate to rebuild themselves. This research may prove valuable when predicting the response of modern coral reef systems to future climatic warming conditions and provides a model for what future reefs may look like.

BDS+GPS相对定位精度因子分析

提出了GNSS相对定位大气精度因子,即对流层精度因子TrDOP和电离层精度因子IDOP,能够更全面地评估中长距离相对定位参数估计精度。首次从精度因子的角度论证了BDS与GPS融合对测量时间效率的影响。BDS/GPS系统融合后,模糊度精度因子ADOP、相对几何位置精度因子RGDOP、TrDOP值减小,达到与延长观测时间一致的效果。通过TrDOP和IDOP值分析,表明BDS/GPS系统融合有利于对流层和对流层参数估计。

叶花相关蛋白结构域对其转录辅激活及细胞核定位的影响

染色质相关蛋白在真核生物DNA复制、基因转录调控等过程中起着非常重要的作用.前期报道拟南芥叶花相关蛋白(leaf and flower related,LFR)蛋白定位于细胞核中,其缺失突变体在叶、花发育及育性等方面存在着许多表型,但LFR蛋白的自身特征尚有待进一步探究.酵母单杂交实验表明,酵母转录因子GAL4的DNA结合域与全长LFR的融合蛋白(GBD-LFR)具有转录辅激活活性,LFR的C端至少有2个犰狳蛋白(ARM)重复结构域及完整N端对于其转录辅激活活性是必需的.但在野生型拟南芥原生质体中,与典型的转录激活因子相比,GBD-LFR的转录辅激活活性并不明显.缺失或突变LFR与黄色荧光蛋白(YFP)的原生质体亚细胞定位的荧光显微观察表明,N端的1～25位氨基酸,特别是其中第22位的赖氨酸和第4、23以及25位精氨酸影响其核定位.利用激光共聚焦显微镜观察共表达黄色或青色荧光(CFP)融合蛋白的细胞核内分布,结果表明LFR与染色质结构蛋白组蛋白H4及染色质结合蛋白HMGA有一定的核内共定位.这些结果表明LFR可能作为一个染色质相关的蛋白质,在拟南芥的生长发育中发挥重要作用.

拟南芥NAD激酶3(NADK3)参与调节镉胁迫响应

以拟南芥野生型(WT)、NAD激酶3(NADK3)基因纯合缺失突变体nadk3和超表达该基因的植物为材料,研究了NADK3在Cd胁迫下的作用.结果表明:nadk3对Cd胁迫敏感;正常生长条件下,nadk3根长与WT及超表达植物没有明显差别,但在Cd胁迫下,nadk3根长显著短于WT及超表达植物;用CdCl2处理幼苗后,WT植株中NADK3基因的表达量明显增加;与WT相比,Cd胁迫下nadk3根中H2O2水平也增加;抗氧化酶活性测定发现,Cd胁迫下该突变体与WT中过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性没有显著差异,但突变体中抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶的活性明显低于WT;Cd胁迫下突变体中Cd2+含量的增加值显著高于WT.NADK3可通过降低拟南芥中活性氧水平和Cd2+的积累在拟南芥应答Cd胁迫反应中发挥作用.

The conceptual framework and assessment methodology for the systematic reviews of community-based interventions for the prevention and control of infectious diseases of poverty

This paper describes the conceptual framework and the methodology used to guide the systematic reviews of community-based interventions(CBIs)for the prevention and control of infectious diseases of poverty(IDoP).We adapted the conceptual framework from the 3ie work on the‘Community-Based Intervention Packages for Preventing Maternal Morbidity and Mortality and Improving Neonatal Outcomes’to aid in the analyzing of the existing CBIs for IDoP.The conceptual framework revolves around objectives,inputs,processes,outputs,outcomes,and impacts showing the theoretical linkages between the delivery of the interventions targeting these diseases through various community delivery platforms and the consequent health impacts.We also describe the methodology undertaken to conduct the systematic reviews and the meta-analyses.

洋葱花发育B类MADS-box基因AcPI表达载体的构建及拟南芥转化

为进一步分析实验室前期利用RACE技术从洋葱花蕾中分离到的AcPI基因的功能,本研究构建了AcPI基因的过表达载体,采用冻融法将表达载体转入农杆菌菌株LBA4404后,通过花序侵染法介导转化生态型拟南芥进行过表达试验。转基因植株的PCR和RT-PCR分析结果表明,外源基因AcPI已经整合到拟南芥基因组中并在转录水平上表达;转AcPI基因植株除了开花时间比野生型植株有所提前外,花器官和营养器官在形态上均未发生明显改变。因此,AcPI基因的功能需要进一步利用RNAi干涉技术进行研究,以为今后全面剖析洋葱花器官发育的分子遗传机制以及利用生物工程技术创造洋葱雄性不育植株提供理论依据。