The differential effects of integrase strand transfer inhibitors and efavirenz on neuropsychiatric conditions and brain imaging in HIV-positive men who have sex with men

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors(INSTIs)have emerged as the first‐line choice for treating human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection due to their superior efficacy and safety.However,the impact of INSTIs on the development of neuropsychiatric conditions in people living with HIV(PLWH)is not fully understood due to limited data.In this study,we conducted a cross‐sectional examination of PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy,with a specific focus on HIV‐positive men who have sex with men(MSM)on INSTI‐based regimens(n=61)and efavirenz(EFV)‐based regimens(n=28).Participants underwent comprehensive neuropsychiatric evaluations and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scans,including T1‐weighted images and resting‐state functional MRI.Compared to the EFV group,the INSTI group exhibited primarily reduced gray matter volume(GMV)in the right superior parietal gyrus,higher regional homogeneity(ReHo)in the left postcentral gyrus,lower ReHo in the right orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus,and increased voxel‐wise functional connectivity for the seed region in the left inferior temporal gyrus with clusters in the right cuneus.Furthermore,the analysis revealed a main effect of antiretroviral drugs on GMV changes,but no main effect of neuropsychiatric disorders or their interaction.The repeated analysis of participants who did not switch regimens confirmed the GMV changes in the INSTI group,validating the initial findings.Our study demonstrated gray matter atrophy and functional brain changes in PLWH on INSTI‐based regimens compared to those on EFV‐based regimens.These neuroimaging results provide valuable insights into the characteristics of brain network modifications in PLWH receiving INSTI‐based regimens。

The China puzzle: Opportunities for accounting research

How can China achieve phenomenal economic growth despite what is considered as "weak" institutions in market-based economies? Xu(2011) provides a framework to understand this puzzle. Specifically, he suggests that China's institutional framework of Regionally Decentralized Authoritarian regime was likely responsible for the phenomenal economic growth despite what is considered "weak" institutions for market-based economies. While recent accounting research provides insights into the relationship between agency issues, and accounting and control systems in the China context, accounting researchers can use the institutional feature of RDAs to provide insights into the role of accounting and control systems in non-market-based settings.

Recent Efforts in Conserving 20^(th)-Century Heritage:The Getty Conservation Institute’s Conserving Modern Architecture Initiative

Over the last 25 years the conservation of 20^(th)-century heritage has developed into a distinct area of practice, catalysed by the efforts of dedicated international and local interest groups and the forward thinking of a number of government and inter-government organisations who identified, protected and developed approaches to its care. Much has been achieved, but more work is needed to address many of the distinct challenges to con­serving the heritage of the 20^(th) century. In 2011, the Getty Conservation Institute (GCI) launched its Conserving Modern Architecture Initiative (CMAI), which seeks to respond to the outstanding current challenges and contrib­ute to advancing practice in this emerging area of conservation. It began with a survey of the field to identify where existing efforts could be best supported and enhanced, or where knowledge gaps could be potentially filled. In re­sponse the GCI built a comprehensive program to meet these identified needs and five years later, a number of ac­tivities and projects are underway. These include a series of publications, a training program, historical and techni­cal research and two field projects at Louis Kahn’s Salk Biological Institute (1965) and the house of Ray and Charles Eames (1949), both in California. This paper outlines current GCI efforts, reports on initial outcomes and describes forthcoming activities.

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

20131509 Huang Gang(Regional institute,Shaanxi Bureau of Geological Exploration,Xianyang 712000,China);Jia Zhenkui Early Ordovician Arc Magmatite in Central Tianshan:Evidences of Geochronology and Geochemical on Granitic Gnesiss from Sangshuyuanzi Area(Xinjiang Geology,ISSN1000-8845,

DSM Opens New Research Center for Composite Resins in China

DSM Composite Resins will boost its innovation capabilities inChina with the opening of a new Research & Development Centeron the DSM Campus facility in Shanghai. The new Shanghai centeris set to officially open in November 2010 and follows a previousexpansion of its existing technical services facility in Nanjing.