中观交通仿真模型INTEGRATION及其案例应用

交通仿真模型可以分为宏观、中观、微观三类,中观交通仿真模型是一种能够兼顾宏观与微观模型优点的交通流动态仿真模型。国内对宏观、微观交通仿真模型已有很多研究,但是对于中观交通仿真模型的研究还很少。根据中观交通仿真模型INTEGRATION的模块构成及功能特点,将其应用于道路交通中,并结合实例加以分析,对于推动国内中观交通仿真模型的研究及国内路网规划的逐步完善具有重要的理论和实践意义。

面向Integration的仿真模型路网编辑系统设计与实现

利用Visual Basic语言、MapX地图化组件及Access数据库设计并开发了面向Integration的仿真模型路网编辑系统。按照用户需求,详细设计了该系统的系统功能、数据库概念模型和数据库结构。阐述了在Integration仿真软件需求下的路网建立、分割其他图元、路段结点关联、相邻路段合并的技术方法。最后,对系统进行了开发,实现了不依赖于任何软件独立进行路网编辑的功能。

Silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration for optical interconnection

The performance of optical interconnection has improved dramatically in recent years.Silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration is the key enabler to achieve high performance optical interconnection,which not only provides the optical gain which is absent from native Si substrates and enables complete photonic functionalities on chip,but also improves the system performance through advanced heterogeneous integrated packaging.This paper reviews recent progress of silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration in high performance optical interconnection.The research status,development trend and application of ultra-low loss optical waveguides,high-speed detectors,high-speed modulators,lasers and 2D,2.5D,3D and monolithic integration are focused on.

大模型媒介:ChatGPT引发的智能传播革命及其社会影响

ChatGPT作为一种基于海量数据和大规模预训练而形成的具有海量参数的大模型媒介正在全球引发一场新技术的创新扩散,大模型媒介以其强大的对人类自然语言习惯常识性、结构性、对话性文本的理解和生成能力,正在引发一场智能传播革命,从而大大拓展人类信息传播的广度和深度,而且还将深刻地影响人类社会的形态和结构,使其变成一种不可或缺的“社会行动者”和决定性的“社会权力”。

Carbon nanotube integrated circuit technology:purification,assembly and integration

As the manufacturing process of silicon-based integrated circuits(ICs)approaches its physical limit,the quantum effect of silicon-based field-effect transistors(FETs)has become increasingly evident.And the burgeoning carbon-based semiconductor technology has become one of the most disruptive technologies in the post-Moore era.As one-dimensional nanomaterials,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are far superior to silicon at the same technology nodes of FETs because of their excellent electrical transport and scaling properties,rendering them the most competitive material in the next-generation ICs technology.However,certain challenges impede the industrialization of CNTs,particularly in terms of material preparation,which significantly hinders the development of CNT-based ICs.Focusing on CNT-based ICs technology,this review summarizes its main technical status,development trends,existing challenges,and future development directions.

基于INTEGRATION的北京西三环公交专用道设置方案研究

城市快速路设置公交专用道作为缓解快速路交通拥堵的策略之一,受到了北京市交通部门的关注.本文旨在利用先进的仿真技术对快速路公交专用道设置方案后的交通运行影响进行探讨.文中选取北京市西三环快速路为研究对象,在考虑专用道设置区段、结构形式、站点结构、匝道交通组织以及公交线路调整的基础上,设计四个公交专用道方案并利用INTEGRATION模型开展仿真评价.选取车辆行程速度、道路运行状态分布作为评价指标,结果显示:尽管道路设施及交通状况满足专用道设置条件,西三环运行指标却有所下降,无法发挥专用道功效.分析其关键制约因素在于车辆分道行驶加大了匝道附近车辆换道、进出的难度,建议协调匝道控制和公交线路优化改善方案实施效果.

U-Net Models for Representing Wind Stress Anomalies over the Tropical Pacific and Their Integrations with an Intermediate Coupled Model for ENSO Studies

El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is the strongest interannual climate mode influencing the coupled ocean-atmosphere system in the tropical Pacific,and numerous dynamical and statistical models have been developed to simulate and predict it.In some simplified coupled ocean-atmosphere models,the relationship between sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies and wind stress(τ)anomalies can be constructed by statistical methods,such as singular value decomposition(SVD).In recent years,the applications of artificial intelligence(AI)to climate modeling have shown promising prospects,and the integrations of AI-based models with dynamical models are active areas of research.This study constructs U-Net models for representing the relationship between SSTAs andτanomalies in the tropical Pacific;the UNet-derivedτmodel,denoted asτUNet,is then used to replace the original SVD-basedτmodel of an intermediate coupled model(ICM),forming a newly AI-integrated ICM,referred to as ICM-UNet.The simulation results obtained from ICM-UNet demonstrate their ability to represent the spatiotemporal variability of oceanic and atmospheric anomaly fields in the equatorial Pacific.In the ocean-only case study,theτUNet-derived wind stress anomaly fields are used to force the ocean component of the ICM,the results of which also indicate reasonable simulations of typical ENSO events.These results demonstrate the feasibility of integrating an AI-derived model with a physics-based dynamical model for ENSO modeling studies.Furthermore,the successful integration of the dynamical ocean models with the AI-based atmospheric wind model provides a novel approach to ocean-atmosphere interaction modeling studies.

基于SIR模型的城市路网拥堵传播分析

研究城市道路交通拥堵传播规律对缓解交通拥堵问题有着积极作用,为此建立了基于SIR的城市道路交通拥堵传播模型,用以分析城市道路交通拥堵传播过程。首先,基于城市实际路网构建路网对偶拓扑网络,并依据SIR建立交通拥堵传播模型。其次,结合道路网络的复杂网络特征和道路自身的相关属性,引入随机森林算法计算相关权重,确定拥堵模型中的传播速率等关键参数。最后,以南京市秦淮区某区域路网为例,构建有69个节点,163条连线的城市路网对偶拓扑网络进行仿真实验。结果表明:道路节点度和道路饱和度是影响道路拥堵传播的关键因素,道路节点度的影响相对较小,传播范围增长在5%以内,恢复时间影响在10%左右;道路饱和度的影响相对较大,随着道路饱和度的增长,传播范围增长最大可至40%,恢复时间影响在20%左右。

A stable implicit nodal integration-based particle finite element method(N-PFEM)for modelling saturated soil dynamics

In this study,we present a novel nodal integration-based particle finite element method(N-PFEM)designed for the dynamic analysis of saturated soils.Our approach incorporates the nodal integration technique into a generalised Hellinger-Reissner(HR)variational principle,creating an implicit PFEM formulation.To mitigate the volumetric locking issue in low-order elements,we employ a node-based strain smoothing technique.By discretising field variables at the centre of smoothing cells,we achieve nodal integration over cells,eliminating the need for sophisticated mapping operations after re-meshing in the PFEM.We express the discretised governing equations as a min-max optimisation problem,which is further reformulated as a standard second-order cone programming(SOCP)problem.Stresses,pore water pressure,and displacements are simultaneously determined using the advanced primal-dual interior point method.Consequently,our numerical model offers improved accuracy for stresses and pore water pressure compared to the displacement-based PFEM formulation.Numerical experiments demonstrate that the N-PFEM efficiently captures both transient and long-term hydro-mechanical behaviour of saturated soils with high accuracy,obviating the need for stabilisation or regularisation techniques commonly employed in other nodal integration-based PFEM approaches.This work holds significant implications for the development of robust and accurate numerical tools for studying saturated soil dynamics.

系统性红斑狼疮并发股骨头坏死危险因素列线图预测模型的建立和验证

背景:股骨头坏死是系统性红斑狼疮患者常见的并发症,若能早期对其发生风险进行预测与验证,将有助于避免或延缓股骨头坏死的发展。目的:分析系统性红斑狼疮患者并发股骨头坏死的危险因素,构建系统性红斑狼疮患者并发股骨头坏死的列线图预测模型并进行验证。方法:回顾性分析2013年1月至2022年12月首次就诊于河南中医药大学第一附属医院的914例系统性红斑狼疮患者的病历资料,根据是否发生股骨头坏死分为发生股骨头坏死组(n=100)和未发生股骨头坏死组(n=814)。采用单因素、LASSO回归和多因素Logistic回归分析筛选和确定系统性红斑狼疮并发股骨头坏死的危险因素。同时将数据集按照7∶3的比例随机分为训练集和测试集,并基于多因素Logistic回归分析结果,构建系统性红斑狼疮并发股骨头坏死的列线图预测模型。同时,使用受试者工作特征曲线、Hosmer-Lemeshow校准曲线和决策曲线对列线图的性能进行评估。结果与结论:①股骨头坏死组与未发生股骨头坏死组患者在系统性红斑狼疮病程、系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动度评分、狼疮性肾炎、呼吸系统受累、胃肠道受累、干燥综合征、骨质疏松、抗核糖核蛋白抗体阳性、补体C3降低、环磷酰胺、吗替麦考酚酯、生物抑制剂、糖皮质激素最大日剂量、糖皮质激素冲击治疗方面差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);②采用LASSO回归分析方法筛选出10个与系统性红斑狼疮并发股骨头坏死风险相关的预测变量,将其纳入多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示系统性红斑狼疮病程、呼吸系统受累、干燥综合征、骨质疏松、抗核糖核蛋白抗体阳性、环磷酰胺、吗替麦考酚酯、生物抑制剂、糖皮质激素最大日剂量是系统性红斑狼疮患者发生股骨头坏死的独立危险因素(P<0.05);③训练集中预测发生风险的受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.802(95%CI=0.742-0.862),测试集预测发生股骨头坏死风险受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.811(95%CI=0.745-0.876);Hosmer-Lemeshow校准曲线拟合度较好(训练集,P=0.447;验证集,P=0.870);决策曲线显示使用列线图预测模型预测系统性红斑狼疮患者发生股骨头坏死的风险是有益的;④月经异常为女性系统性红斑狼疮患者并发股骨头坏死的危险因素之一;⑤此次研究结果提示,系统性红斑狼疮并发股骨头坏死的危险因素是多因素的,同时建立了一个包含9个危险因素的列线图预测模型,可将其用于预测系统性红斑狼疮患者发生股骨头坏死的风险;此外,首次报道了月经异常为女性系统性红斑狼疮并发股骨头坏死的危险因素之一。

构建股骨转子间骨折股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定失效的风险预测模型

背景:股骨转子间骨折是主要的老年脆性骨折类型,股骨近端防旋髓内钉是首选手术方案,但术后内固定失效的相关因素尚存在争议。目的:通过术前评估患者影像学资料提出一种新的股骨转子间骨折“三柱”分类法,并分析其与术后内固定失效的交互关系,利用数字技术运算开发和验证风险预测模型,便于临床医生术前甄别并干预高风险患者。方法:选择2012年6月和2022年6月佛山市中医院三水医院收治的股骨转子间骨折患者,按照术后是否出现内固定失效结局,分为内固定失效组和内固定维持组。根据患者术前X射线片将股骨近端分为“三柱”:内侧柱、外侧柱及中柱,每柱均有不同的亚组分型。分析“三柱”的形态特征与股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定术后复位失效的关系,通过先单因素后多因素logistics回归分析,筛选出引起内固定失效的独立风险因素,根据独立风险因素利用R语言软件构建风险预测模型。采用自助法重抽样1000次,使用受试者工作特征曲线下的面积、校准曲线、临床决策曲线评价模型的区分度、校准能力及临床应用价值。通过Youden指数确定预测模型的最佳风险分界值,据此将患者分为高、低风险组,根据模型风险预测能力的准确度来评价其稳定性和外延性。结果与结论:①利用“三柱”分型系统预测骨折术后内固定失效的4个独立风险因素,分别为内侧柱(小转子及股骨距粉碎性骨折)[优势比=5.385,95%CI(1.961,14.782),P=0.001]、中间柱(烟囱型)[优势比=2.893,95%CI(1.167,7.173),P=0.022]、外侧柱(外侧壁厚度<20.5 mm)[优势比=2.804,95%CI(1.078,7.297),P=0.035]及外侧柱(外侧壁骨折)[优势比=4.278,95%CI(1.670,10.959),P=0.012];②构建的风险预测模型表现出良好的区分度和准确度[受试者工作特征曲线下面积=0.852,95%CI(0.837,0.922)],校准曲线显示模型预测风险和实际发生风险有较好的一致性;③临床决策曲线提示风险阈值概率在0.2-0.82范围内时,模型具有较好的临床适用性;风险概率为28%是模型风险分层的最佳阈值,模型在不同风险组别患者的预测性能较好;④此次研究通过“三柱”分型系统构建预测模型计算股骨转子间骨折患者术后内固定失效的风险概率,此方法准确、简便,易于临床应用,可作为一种数字化工具指导临床个性化治疗。

绝经后骨质疏松症动物模型研究现状及趋势的文献计量可视化分析

背景:近年来,绝经后骨质疏松症受到社会的广泛关注,随着动物模型研究的逐渐深入,动物模型已然成为现代中医药研究的重要手段以及实验基础,因此了解动物模型的研究现状、热点及发展趋势尤为重要。目的:分析国内外绝经后骨质疏松症动物模型的研究现状、热点及发展趋势,为后续研究提供一定的理论基础及参考依据。方法:以“主题词=绝经后骨质疏松AND主题词=鼠+兔+犬+猪+羊+猴+鱼+实验动物+动物实验”为检索式,对1999-01-01/2023-10-01在中国知网、万方数据库中的文章进行主题词检索;同时以“TS=(Postmenopausal osteoporosis)AND TS=(mouse OR mice OR rat OR rabbit OR dog OR swine OR pig OR sheep OR monkey OR fish or flies OR“laboratory animal”OR“experiment animal”)”为检索式,对1999-01-01/2023-10-01在Web of Science核心合集数据库中的文章进行主题词检索。应用Citespace软件对文献作者、机构、国家、关键词以及文献共被引量进行可视化分析。结果与结论:①分析后筛选中国知网及万方数据库共纳入1238篇文献,Web of Science核心合集数据库共纳入3419篇文献。自1999年来,该领域发文量总体呈上升趋势,研究中心性最高的是美国,发文量最高的是中国,研究中心性最高的机构为美国加利福尼亚大学。②去除与文章主题直接相关的关键词,综合共现频率及中心性,“生物力学”“左归丸”“阿仑膦酸盐”“乳腺癌”“生化指标”处于该研究领域较为核心的地位。③通过文献共被引分析,被引频次前10位的文献中有5篇文献与绝经后骨质疏松症治疗措施与临床疗效有关。④综合关键词与共被引文献分析显示,探究成骨细胞的形成以及骨形成的机制、代谢组学的作用机制、中药复方的治疗、信号通路、甲状旁腺激素治疗及硬骨素抗体治疗等方面是当下的研究热点也是未来的研究趋势。

A novel self-alignment method for high precision silicon diffraction microlens arrays preparation and its integration with infrared focal plane arrays

Silicon(Si)diffraction microlens arrays are usually used to integrating with infrared focal plane arrays(IRFPAs)to improve their performance.The errors of lithography are unavoidable in the process of the Si diffrac-tion microlens arrays preparation in the conventional engraving method.It has a serious impact on its performance and subsequent applications.In response to the problem of errors of Si diffraction microlens arrays in the conven-tional method,a novel self-alignment method for high precision Si diffraction microlens arrays preparation is pro-posed.The accuracy of the Si diffractive microlens arrays preparation is determined by the accuracy of the first li-thography mask in the novel self-alignment method.In the subsequent etching,the etched area will be protected by the mask layer and the sacrifice layer or the protective layer.The unprotection area is carved to effectively block the non-etching areas,accurately etch the etching area required,and solve the problem of errors.The high precision Si diffraction microlens arrays are obtained by the novel self-alignment method and the diffraction effi-ciency could reach 92.6%.After integrating with IRFPAs,the average blackbody responsity increased by 8.3%,and the average blackbody detectivity increased by 10.3%.It indicates that the Si diffraction microlens arrays can improve the filling factor and reduce crosstalk of IRFPAs through convergence,thereby improving the perfor-mance of the IRFPAs.The results are of great reference significance for improving their performance through opti-mizing the preparation level of micro nano devices.

SOME PROPERTIES OF THE INTEGRATION OPERATORS ON THE SPACES F(p,q,s)

We study the closed range property and the strict singularity of integration operators acting on the spaces F(p,pα-2,s).We completely characterize the closed range property of the Volterra companion operator I_(g)on F(p,pα-2,s),which generalizes the existing results and answers a question raised in[A.Anderson,Integral Equations Operator Theory,69(2011),no.1,87-99].For the Volterra operator J_(g),we show that,for 0<α≤1,J_(g)never has a closed range on F(p,pα-2,s).We then prove that the notions of compactness,weak compactness and strict singularity coincide in the case of J_(g)acting on F(p,p-2,s).

High-intensity spatial-mode steerable frequency up-converter toward on-chip integration

Integrated photonic devices are essential for on-chip optical communication,optical-electronic systems,and quantum information sciences.To develop a high-fidelity interface between photonics in various frequency domains without disturbing their quantum properties,nonlinear frequency conversion,typically steered with the quadratic(χ2)process,should be considered.Furthermore,another degree of freedom in steering the spatial modes during theχ2 process,with unprecedent mode intensity is proposed here by modulating the lithium niobate(LN)waveguide-based inter-mode quasi-phasematching conditions with both temperature and wavelength parameters.Under high incident light intensities(25 and 27.8 dBm for the pump and the signal lights,respectively),mode conversion at the sum-frequency wavelength with sufficient high output power(−7–8 dBm)among the TM01,TM10,and TM00 modes is realized automatically with characterized broad temperature(ΔT≥8°C)and wavelength windows(Δλ≥1 nm),avoiding the previous efforts in carefully preparing the signal or pump modes.The results prove that high-intensity spatial modes can be prepared at arbitrary transparent wavelength of theχ2 media toward on-chip integration,which facilitates the development of chip-based communication and quantum information systems because spatial correlations can be applied to generate hyperentangled states and provide additional robustness in quantum error correction with the extended Hilbert space.

Digital Twin Technology of Human-Machine Integration in Cross-Belt Sorting System

The Chinese express delivery industry processes nearly 110 billion items in 2022,averaging an annual growth rate of 200%.Among the various types of sorting systems used for handling express items,cross-belt sorting systems stand out as the most crucial.However,despite their high degree of automation,the workload for operators has intensified owing to the surging volume of express items.In the era of Industry 5.0,it is imperative to adopt new technologies that not only enhance worker welfare but also improve the efficiency of cross-belt systems.Striking a balance between efficiency in handling express items and operator well-being is challenging.Digital twin technology offers a promising solution in this respect.A realization method of a human-machine integrated digital twin is proposed in this study,enabling the interaction of biological human bodies,virtual human bodies,virtual equipment,and logistics equipment in a closed loop,thus setting an operating framework.Key technologies in the proposed framework include a collection of heterogeneous data from multiple sources,construction of the relationship between operator fatigue and operation efficiency based on physiological measurements,virtual model construction,and an online optimization module based on real-time simulation.The feasibility of the proposed method was verified in an express distribution center.

Composite Fractional Trapezoidal Rule with Romberg Integration

The aim of this research is to demonstrate a novel scheme for approximating the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operator.This would be achieved by first establishing a fractional-order version of the 2-point Trapezoidal rule and then by proposing another fractional-order version of the(n+1)-composite Trapezoidal rule.In particular,the so-called divided-difference formula is typically employed to derive the 2-point Trapezoidal rule,which has accordingly been used to derive a more accurate fractional-order formula called the(n+1)-composite Trapezoidal rule.Additionally,in order to increase the accuracy of the proposed approximations by reducing the true errors,we incorporate the so-called Romberg integration,which is an extrapolation formula of the Trapezoidal rule for integration,into our proposed approaches.Several numerical examples are provided and compared with a modern definition of the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operator to illustrate the efficacy of our scheme.

Effect of applied electric fields on supralinear dendritic integration of interneuron

Evidences show that electric fields(EFs)induced by the magnetic stimulation could modulates brain activities by regulating the excitability of GABAergic interneuron.However,it is still unclear how and why the EF-induced polarization affects the interneuron response as the interneuron receives NMDA synaptic inputs.Considering the key role of NMDA receptor-mediated supralinear dendritic integration in neuronal computations,we suppose that the applied EFs could functionally modulate interneurons’response via regulating dendritic integration.At first,we build a simplified multi-dendritic circuit model with inhomogeneous extracellular potentials,which characterizes the relationship among EF-induced spatial polarizations,dendritic integration,and somatic output.By performing model-based singular perturbation analysis,it is found that the equilibrium point of fast subsystem can be used to asymptotically depict the subthreshold input–output(sI/O)relationship of dendritic integration.It predicted that EF-induced strong depolarizations on the distal dendrites reduce the dendritic saturation output by reducing driving force of synaptic input,and it shifts the steep change of sI/O curve left by reducing stimulation threshold of triggering NMDA spike.Also,the EF modulation prefers the global dendritic integration with asymmetric scatter distribution of NMDA synapses.Furthermore,we identify the respective contribution of EF-regulated dendritic integration and EF-induced somatic polarization to an action potential generation and find that they have an antagonistic effect on AP generation due to the varied NMDA spike threshold under EF stimulation.

Integration, Leading and Empowerment: Folk Culture Boosting the Development of Henan's Tourism Economy

During Chinese New Year holiday,characteristic folk customs activities significantly stimulated local tourism consumption potential and the high-quality development of tourism economy by integrating,leading and empowering local tourism projects.

Geospatial Technology Integration in Smart City Frameworks for Achieving Climate Neutrality by 2050: A Case Study of Limassol Municipality, Cyprus

This study investigated the integration of geospatial technologies within smart city frameworks to achieve the European Union’s climate neutrality goals by 2050. Focusing on rapid urbanization and escalating climate challenges, the research analyzed how smart city frameworks, aligned with climate neutrality objectives, leverage geospatial technologies for urban planning and climate action. The study included case studies from three leading European cities, extracting lessons and best practices in implementing Climate City Contracts across sectors like energy, transport, and waste management. These insights highlighted the essential role of EU and national authorities in providing technical, regulatory, and financial support. Additionally, the paper presented the application of a WEBGIS platform in Limassol Municipality, Cyprus, demonstrating citizen engagement and acceptance of the proposed geospatial framework. Concluding with recommendations for future research, the study contributed significant insights into the advancement of urban sustainability and the effectiveness of geospatial technologies in smart city initiatives for combating climate change.