Effects of Internal Control System Deficiency on Contractors＇ Infrastructural Development Capability in the Nigerian Public Sector

Infrastructure development in Nigeria has attracted the attention of researchers in view of the attitudes of contractors and government lead-lag role playing. These attitudes led to the enactment of Fiscal Responsibility Act 2007 and Public Procurement Act 2007 to reduce internal control system deficiencies and budget indiscipline in the Nigerian public sector fiscal matters and procurement process. Ironically, despite these efforts, infrastructure development is still a problem affecting the lives of Nigerians as their poverty level is on the increase. This paper tests the effects of internal control system deficiency on contractors＇ capability in infrastructure development in the Nigerian public sector. Data drawn from a sample of 228 infrastructures were used for analysis. Two research questions on contractors＇ fiduciary obligation to government and capacity were analysed. Kendall＇s Tau-br correlation of coefficient and Chi-square X^2 statistics were employed for data analysis. Findings show that deficient internal control system strongly and directly breeds deficiency in the contractors＇ capability for infrastructure development. The paper recommends that oath of bribery should complement oath of secrecy to ensure that contractors and government agencies that are responsible for execution of infrastructure play to the rules of the ＂games＂, especially the provisions of Public Procurement Act 2007 and Fiscal Responsibility Act 2007. Public-private-partnership-initiative, such as build-operate and transfer method of contracting, should be encouraged to improve on contractors＇ capability and stewardship.

A Traceable Capability-based Access Control for IoT

Delegation mechanism in Internet of Things(IoT)allows users to share some of their permissions with others.Cloud-based delegation solutions require that only the user who has registered in the cloud can be delegated permissions.It is not convenient when a permission is delegated to a large number of temporarily users.Therefore,some works like CapBAC delegate permissions locally in an offline way.However,this is difficult to revoke and modify the offline delegated permissions.In this work,we propose a traceable capability-based access control approach(TCAC)that can revoke and modify permissions by tracking the trajectories of permissions delegation.We define a time capability tree(TCT)that can automatically extract permissions trajectories,and we also design a new capability token to improve the permission verification,revocation and modification efficiency.The experiment results show that TCAC has less token verification and revocation/modification time than those of CapBAC and xDBAuth.TCAC can discover 73.3%unvisited users in the case of delegating and accessing randomly.This provides more information about the permissions delegation relationships,and opens up new possibilities to guarantee the global security in IoT delegation system.To the best of our knowledge,TCAC is the first work to capture the unvisited permissions.

Statistical Control and Investigation of Capability of Process and Machine in Wire Cut Edm Process of Gas Turbine Blade Airfoil Tip

Statistical process control (spc), as one of the quality devices, can be help manufacturers improve the quality of their products in today’s competitive world. This research examines the statistical method of wire-cut electric discharge machining (WEDM) process of the turbine blade airfoil tip for control and consistency of the process. For this purpose, the standard deviation control chart, S, and the average data, , which are applied for identifying the acquired factors, have been used. Next, regarding the plan features, the manufacturing process is assessed to determine whether the products meet quality and the customer requirements or not. Therefore, the coefficients Cpk is applied which indicate the capability of the manufacturing process. Then, in order to produce high quality blades within the tolerance range, the capability of WEDM machine is examined, using coefficients CM. Finally, it is shown that in order to produce the desired product, the process can be controlled and fixed by using the statistical process control devices and inspecting the standard deviation of data and investigation of capability of process and machine.

Motion-pressure coupled control and simulation of long-endurance capability for multicapsule stratospheric airships

The current study focuses on the motion-pressure coupled control for a multicapsule stratospheric airship and transforms the path-tracking and heading-hold control of airships into guidance tracking with a time-varying weighted sum of longitudinal and lateral velocities by the definition of compound speed.Herein,an improved nonlinear predictive control method is provided to reduce the control energy consumption by the rolling optimization of controller parameters based on finite time intervals,ensuring infinite-time path-tracking tasks.Simultaneously,combined with the proposed cyclic regulation process of safe pressure between internal and external capsules,this study can fully reflect the force-thermal coupled rule of airships under the actions of atmospheric environment and maneuvering force,while evaluating the long-endurance capability of airships under the conditions of safe superheating and overpressure.The effectiveness of the motionpressure coupled controller was verified through numerical simulations,which can overcome the influence of environmental wind and achieve a tracking effect for the desired cruise path and compound speed.The airspeed provided during the cyclic circadian time caused the maximum superheating of the helium controlled within 30C.The helium in the internal and external capsules achieved circadian regulation.The equivalent micropore diameter of the capsule of 5 mm can achieve 55 days of long-endurance flight.The controller satisfies the requirements of cruise-flight application modes for multicapsule stratospheric airships with important engineering value.

A Mode-switching Strategy of Droop Control for VSC-MTDC Systems Considering Maximum DC Voltage Regulation Capability

To achieve the goal of carbon neutrality,renewable energy integration through a voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current(VSC-MTDC)system has been identified as a promising solution.To tackle the significant DC voltage over-limit problem in a VSC-MTDC system during disturbances,this paper proposes a mode-switching strategy of droop control considering maximum DC voltage regulation capability.The close relationship between node injection powers and node DC voltages in the MTDC system is elaborated,and the most effective regulation approach of local injection power for limiting DC voltage deviation is presented.The operating point trajectories of different droop control explains that the DC voltage deviation can be minimized by fully utilizing the capacity of converters.Therefore,the mode-switching strategy with the maximum DC voltage regulation capability is realized by the switching between the voltage droop control and the constant maximum power control.In addition,a mode recovery process and a smooth switching method are developed to make converters regain the capability of maintaining DC voltage and reduce power fluctuation during mode switching,respectively.Furthermore,three cases are investigated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed mode-switching strategy.Compared with simulation results of the conventional droop control and the DC voltage deviation-dependent droop control,better performance of transient and steady-state DC voltage deviation is achieved through the proposed strategy.

Combining the People Power and the Process Power to Achieve Six Sigma Process Capability——A Case Study

Achieving Six-Sigma process capability starts with l istening to the Voice of the Customers, and it becomes a reality by combining th e People Power and the Process Power of the organisation. This paper presents a Six-Sigma implementation case study carried out in a magnet manufacturing compa ny, which produces bearing magnets to be used in energy meters. If the thickness of the produced bearing magnets is between 2.35 mm and 2.50 mm, they will be ac cepted by the customers. All the time the company could not produce the bearing magnets within the specified thickness range, as their process distribution was flat with 2.20 mm as lower control limit and 2.60 mm as upper control limit. This resulted in a huge loss in the form of non-conformities, loss of time and goodwill. The process capability of the company then was around 0.40. Organisat ion restructuring was carried out to reap the benefit of the People Power of the organisation. Statistically designed experiments (Taguchi Method based Design o f Experiments), Online quality control tools (Statistical Process Control To ols) were effectively used to complete the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyse, Impr ove and Control) cycle to reap the benefit of the Process Power of the organisat ion. Presently the company enjoys a process capability of 1.75, a way towards Si x-Sigma Process Capability.

Process Capability Analysis of Delivering Neonatal Care with Normal Weight （Case Study of Neonatal Weight Data at a Maternity Clinic in Banjarmasin）

Statistical Quality Control （SQC） is used to analyze and monitor quality characteristic measurements of normal neonatal weight in a maternity clinic in Banjarmasin in this paper. The objective of this study is to assist medical practitioners in observing pregnant women to deliver their babies with normal weight. It is also assumed that pregnant women who delivered their babies in the clinic have been monitored during their nine-month pregnancy. Thus, they can manage their own pregnancy to deliver normal weight babies. The use of Statistical Process Control （SPC） tools, such as frequency histogram, probability plot, and the implementation of Shewhart, R, and S control charts as primary techniques, are presented to display the monitoring aspects of the process. In addition, Process Capability Analysis （PCA） is performed to ensure that the process outcomes are capable of meeting certain requirements or specifications. The Process Capability Ratio （PCR） for the process is also presented. This analysis is an essential part of an overall quality improvement program.

Process Capability Analysis of a Centre Lathe Turning Process

A process capability study is performed for the turning process on a general purpose center lathe in order to verify the process performance and machine ability to perform within specified tolerance limit. The process and machine capability indices were measured to determine the process and machine adequacy for industrial application. The tolerance limits were obtained from the given nominal size of the shaft, using the basic hole system and 90 sample shafts were turned on the lathe machine to specification for varying spindle speed and feed rate of the lathe. Three (3) samples were randomly selected for the turning process of a combination of the spindle speed and feed rate as a subgroup size for a total subgroup of thirty (30). The diameters (representing the quality characteristics) were used to generate control charts and capability histogram for the process. The process is within statistical control but found incapable of meeting up to specification because the capability index (Cp) measured was less than 1 and the machine capability for industrial application is not adequate.

Enhancement of Available Transfer Capability with Facts Device in the Competitive Power Market

In order to facilitate the electricity market operation and trade in the restructured environment, ample transmission capability should be provided to satisfy the demand of increasing power transactions. The conflict of this requirement and the restrictions on the transmission expansion in the restructured electrical market has motivated the development of methodologies to enhance the Available Transfer Capability (ATC) of the existing transmission grids. The insertion of FACTS devices in electrical systems seems to be a promising strategy to enhance ATC. In this paper, the viability and technical merits of boosting ATC using Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) is being analyzed. The work has been carried out on IEEE 30 bus and IEEE 118 bus systems. Bilateral and multilateral transactions are considered. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) are employed to obtain the optimal settings of TCSC.

Control capability analysis for complex spacecraft thruster configurations

The set of forces and moments that can be generated by thrusters of a spacecraft is called the"control capability"with respect to the thruster configuration.If the control capability of a thruster configuration is adequate to fulfill a given space mission,we say this configuration is a feasible one with respect to the task.This study proposed a new way to analyze the control capability of the complex thruster configuration.Precise mathematical definitions of feasibility were proposed,based on which a criterion to judge the feasibility of the thruster configuration was presented through calculating the shortest distance to the boundary of the controllable region as a function of the thruster configuration.Finally,control capability analysis for the complex thruster configuration based on its feasibility with respect to the space mission was given followed by a 2-D thruster configuration example to demonstrate its validity.

Survey on the Status Quo of Emergency Response Capabilities of Public Health Emergencies in Grassroots Disease Control Institutions in a Certain Area

Objective:To survey and study the emergency response capabilities of grassroots disease control institutions in a certain area for public health emergencies,and to put forward suggestions for rectification.Methods:The study was carried out from March 2022 to March 2023.Field surveys,questionnaire surveys,and interviews were used to investigate and analyze the emergency response capabilities of public health emergencies in 5 county Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCs)in the region.Results:Through the survey,it was found that the professional level of the existing emergency team personnel of the grassroots disease control institutions in this region needs to be improved.There was an overall lack of emergency plans,and the compliance rate of the equipment,inspection,and testing items was low.The health emergency system of the CDCs in the region and the ability of the talent team need to be further improved.Conclusion:The emergency response capacity of grassroots disease control institutions in this region needs to be improved.For this reason,government departments need to increase investment and strengthen the construction of talent teams and hardware settings,and grassroots disease control institutions need to strengthen the construction of the public health emergency system to improve the ability to respond to public health emergencies.

PROCESS CAPABILITY ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATION SCHEME FOR AUTOCORRELATED DATA

Autocorrelation is prevalent in continuous production processes, such as the processes in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. With the development of measurement technology and data acquisition technology, sampling frequency is getting higher and the existence of autocorrelation cannot be ignored. This paper analyzes five estimation schemes of process capability for autocorrelated data. Comparisons among these schemes are discussed for small sample and large sample. In conclusion, this paper gives a procedure of process capability analysis for autocorrelated data.

Efficient VLSI Implementation of the C-MANTEC Conn Algorithm by Using PID Controllers

Through the research on the existing C-MANTEC neural network and PID control technology, this paper presents an improved C-MANTEC algorithm based on PID control system. The combining of the artificial neural networks with conventional PID control helps in exploring their respective advantages to forming the intelligent PID control. From UCI Repository cancer dataset, the developed system is tested. The results show that the scheme can not only improve the speed of the algorithm in the training process but also improve the generalization capability of the network, which further enhances the performance of PID controllers. The overall power consumed is also reduced to a greater extent.

Assessment of Model Predictive Control Performance Criteria

The current highly competitive environment has driven industries to operate with increasingly restricted profit margins. Thus, it is imperative to optimize production processes. Faced with this scenario, multivariable predictive control of processes has been presented as a powerful alternative to achieve these goals. Moreover, the rationale for implementation of advanced control and subsequent analysis of its post-match performance also focus on the benefits that this tool brings to the plant. It is therefore essential to establish a methodology for analysis, based on clear and measurable criteria. Currently, there are different methodologies available in the market to assist with such analysis. These tools can have a quantitative or qualitative focus. The aim of this study is to evaluate three of the best current main performance assessment technologies： Minimum Variance Control-Harris Index; Statistical Process Control （Cp and Cpk）; and the Qin and Yu Index. These indexes were studied for an alumina plant controlled by three MPC （model predictive control） algorithms （GPC （generalized predictive control）, RMPCT （robust multivariable predictive control technology） and ESSMPC （extended state space model predictive controller）） with different results.

Upgrade of plasma density feedback control system in HT-7 tokamak

The HT-7 is a superconducting tokamak in China used to make researches on the controlled nuclear fusion as a national project for the fusion research. The plasma density feedback control subsystem is the one of the subsystems of the distributed control system in HT-7 tokamak (HT7DCS). The main function of the subsystem is to control the plasma density on real-time. For this reason, the real-time capability and good stability are the most significant factors, which will influence the control results. Since the former plasma density feedback control system (FPDFCS) based on Windows operation system could not fulfill such requirements well, a new subsystem has to be developed. The paper describes the upgrade of the plasma density feedback control system (UPDFCS), based on the dual operation system (Windows and Linux), in detail.

Evolution of process capability in a manufacturing process

Before mass production of individual components industries may assess its capability to produce it according to specifications.This capability assessment is a common requirement in the automotive sector.This work shows a case study,providing an in-depth analysis,on a critical component and finds evidence of process degradation over two years of production,quantified through capability analysis.At pre-production,it was concluded that the process was capable and,thus,no statistical process control was done during its production.Over the months no defective units were detected but then its level began to increase and it was apparent that process variability had increased and the process was no longer capable.Process improvement activities were developed using known quality tools and methodologies.This work shows how the control plan initially defined became obsolete and discusses the need to periodically review quality control mechanisms.

ITER气体注入系统的MFC流量控制性能实验研究

ITER装置是以氘氚为燃料进行大规模核聚变反应的大型科学实验装置,气体注入系统是其重要的一个子系统。为验证和固化基于MFC(流量控制器)的ITER气体注入系统设计,对MFC的性能包括内漏、静磁场抗扰度、流量控制精度和响应时间进行实验研究并在真空模拟平台上对该气体注入原型系统开展验证测试。实验结果表明,基于MFC的ITER气体注入系统在技术参数上符合设计技术指标,同时还可为ITER装置气体注入控制方式设计提供参考,为未来聚变堆气体注入系统的设计和建造提供基础工程数据。

基于Minitab软件对2016-2020年某院制剂0.9%氯化钠注射液质量一致性分析

目的分析2016-2020年某院制剂室配制的0.9%氯化钠注射液关键质量指标的变化趋势,评价产品质量的一致性。方法收集2016-2020年某院制剂室生产的534批0.9%氯化钠注射液的质量数据,其中氯化钠含量、溶液pH、渗透压摩尔浓度关键质量作为分析指标,应用Minitab软件建立Internet Monthly Report控制图,分析质量趋势并进行过程能力指数评定。结果2016-2020年该院配制的534批0.9%氯化钠注射液均符合国家法定标准,氯化钠含量波动范围呈逐年缩小趋势,溶液pH和渗透压的波动在正常范围。结论氯化钠注射液生产工艺稳定,产品质量一致性良好。

基于Minitab的生产过程质量特性分析与控制

针对统计过程控制技术在企业实施效果不佳的问题,提出基于Minitab的生产过程质量特性分析与控制方法,利用Minitab软件里面的功能模块,精确计算过程能力指数,自动生成控制图,并根据判定准则,给出判定结论。企业应用实例表明,该方法实用性强,适合企业的实际情况。

IT控制能力的层次结构模型研究

本文从能力的视角对IT控制进行了分析,给出了IT控制能力的定义,并提出了IT控制能力的层次结构模型:基础层、实施层和学习层。模型的三层结构明确指出了各层能力的构成、角色和作用,便于组织深入了解自身IT控制能力的状况和提升途径,使组织能不断获得适应环境变化的能力与资源,从而具有持续的竞争优势。