Dermatomycoses are a group of diseases worldwide distributed and affect skin, hair and nails. Several fungal species can be envolved and keratinophilic fungi belonging to the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epide...Dermatomycoses are a group of diseases worldwide distributed and affect skin, hair and nails. Several fungal species can be envolved and keratinophilic fungi belonging to the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton are very common. These infections are globally distributed and their incidence has progressively increased. Despite their high incidence, few studies have been carried out in HIV-infected patients, regarding frequency, clinical presentations, and species identification. This study aimed to evaluate some epidemiological and clinical aspects of dermatophytosis in HIV-infected patients and to attempt phenotypical and molecular characteristics of their agents. Of 398 patients included, 306 were HIV-infected. Clinical data and samples of skin, hair and nail lesions were simultaneously obtained. The dermatophytes yielded in culture were phenotypically identified and evaluated by ITS-RFLP and ITS (Internal Transcribed Space) sequencing. Dermatophytes frequency in HIV-infected patients with cutaneous lesions was 11.76% similar to the 15.22% observed in non-HIV individuals. Trichophyton rubrum was the most common isolated species in both groups. Throught ITS-RFLP, 29/32 (90.63%) of dermatophytes isolates were identified at the species level. From the 10 isolates randomly selected for ITS sequencing, seven confirmed the ITS-RFLP results while three Trichophyton sp. were not identified as dermatophytes. The identification of these species in HIV-infected patients is highly desirable in order to improve the knowledge of their frequency, geographical distribution and relation to clinical presentation.展开更多
The potato rot nematode(Ditylenchus destructor) is a very economically important nematode in agronomic and horticultural plants worldwide. In this study, 43 populations of D. destructor were collected from different h...The potato rot nematode(Ditylenchus destructor) is a very economically important nematode in agronomic and horticultural plants worldwide. In this study, 43 populations of D. destructor were collected from different hosts across China, including 37 populations from Chinese herbal medicine plants. Obtained sequences of ITS-rDNA and D2–D3of 28S-rDNA genes of D. destructor were compared and analyzed. Nine types of significant length variations in ITS sequences were observed among all populations. The differences in ITS1 length were mainly caused by the presence of repetitive elements with substantial base substitutions. Reconstructions of ITS1 secondary structures showed that the minisatellites formed a stem structure. Ten haplotypes were observed in all populations based on mutations and variations of helix H9. Among them, 3 known haplotypes(A–C) were found in 7 populations isolated from potato,sweet potato, and Codonopsis pilosula, and 7 unique haplotypes were found in other 36 populations collected from C. pilosula and Angelica sinensis compared with 7 haplotypes(A–G) according to Subbotin' system. These unique haplotypes were different from haplotypes A–G, and we named them as haplotypes H–N. The present results showed that a total of 14 haplotypes(A–N) of ITS-rDNA have been found in D. destructor. Phylogenetic analyses of ITSrDNA and D2–D3 showed that all populations of D. destructor were clustered into two major clades: one clade only containing haplotype A from sweet potato and the other containing haplotypes B–N from other plants. For further verification, PCR-ITS-RFLP profiles were conducted on 7 new haplotypes. Collectively, our study suggests that D. destructor populations on Chinese medicinal materials are very different from those on other hosts and this work provides a paradigm for relevant researches.展开更多
宁波出入境检验检疫局植检实验室在对本地热处理企业线虫处理效果进行监测时,从一批采自余姚四明山林场的黄山松(Pinus tai wanensi)木包装中截获一种伞滑刃属线虫.对该线虫进行培养、形态学观察、测量以及分子研究,鉴定为程氏伞滑刃线...宁波出入境检验检疫局植检实验室在对本地热处理企业线虫处理效果进行监测时,从一批采自余姚四明山林场的黄山松(Pinus tai wanensi)木包装中截获一种伞滑刃属线虫.对该线虫进行培养、形态学观察、测量以及分子研究,鉴定为程氏伞滑刃线虫(Bursaphelenchus chengiLi,Trinh,Waeyenberge&Moens,2008).该线虫属abietinus组,侧区有2条侧线,雄虫交合刺成对,强壮,长约18～22μm,末端约1/3处强烈向腹面弯曲.雌虫尾端略向腹面弯曲,末端钝圆或尖,有时有不规则的尾尖突.该线虫与树皮象伞滑刃线虫(B.hylobianum)、安东尼伞滑刃线虫(B.antoniae)在形态上十分接近,但ITS-RFLP图谱以及序列分析结果有明显差异.目前仅南京口岸曾从来自我国台湾的木质包装中截获该线虫.展开更多
文摘Dermatomycoses are a group of diseases worldwide distributed and affect skin, hair and nails. Several fungal species can be envolved and keratinophilic fungi belonging to the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton are very common. These infections are globally distributed and their incidence has progressively increased. Despite their high incidence, few studies have been carried out in HIV-infected patients, regarding frequency, clinical presentations, and species identification. This study aimed to evaluate some epidemiological and clinical aspects of dermatophytosis in HIV-infected patients and to attempt phenotypical and molecular characteristics of their agents. Of 398 patients included, 306 were HIV-infected. Clinical data and samples of skin, hair and nail lesions were simultaneously obtained. The dermatophytes yielded in culture were phenotypically identified and evaluated by ITS-RFLP and ITS (Internal Transcribed Space) sequencing. Dermatophytes frequency in HIV-infected patients with cutaneous lesions was 11.76% similar to the 15.22% observed in non-HIV individuals. Trichophyton rubrum was the most common isolated species in both groups. Throught ITS-RFLP, 29/32 (90.63%) of dermatophytes isolates were identified at the species level. From the 10 isolates randomly selected for ITS sequencing, seven confirmed the ITS-RFLP results while three Trichophyton sp. were not identified as dermatophytes. The identification of these species in HIV-infected patients is highly desirable in order to improve the knowledge of their frequency, geographical distribution and relation to clinical presentation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31760507)the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1706301)。
文摘The potato rot nematode(Ditylenchus destructor) is a very economically important nematode in agronomic and horticultural plants worldwide. In this study, 43 populations of D. destructor were collected from different hosts across China, including 37 populations from Chinese herbal medicine plants. Obtained sequences of ITS-rDNA and D2–D3of 28S-rDNA genes of D. destructor were compared and analyzed. Nine types of significant length variations in ITS sequences were observed among all populations. The differences in ITS1 length were mainly caused by the presence of repetitive elements with substantial base substitutions. Reconstructions of ITS1 secondary structures showed that the minisatellites formed a stem structure. Ten haplotypes were observed in all populations based on mutations and variations of helix H9. Among them, 3 known haplotypes(A–C) were found in 7 populations isolated from potato,sweet potato, and Codonopsis pilosula, and 7 unique haplotypes were found in other 36 populations collected from C. pilosula and Angelica sinensis compared with 7 haplotypes(A–G) according to Subbotin' system. These unique haplotypes were different from haplotypes A–G, and we named them as haplotypes H–N. The present results showed that a total of 14 haplotypes(A–N) of ITS-rDNA have been found in D. destructor. Phylogenetic analyses of ITSrDNA and D2–D3 showed that all populations of D. destructor were clustered into two major clades: one clade only containing haplotype A from sweet potato and the other containing haplotypes B–N from other plants. For further verification, PCR-ITS-RFLP profiles were conducted on 7 new haplotypes. Collectively, our study suggests that D. destructor populations on Chinese medicinal materials are very different from those on other hosts and this work provides a paradigm for relevant researches.
文摘宁波出入境检验检疫局植检实验室在对本地热处理企业线虫处理效果进行监测时,从一批采自余姚四明山林场的黄山松(Pinus tai wanensi)木包装中截获一种伞滑刃属线虫.对该线虫进行培养、形态学观察、测量以及分子研究,鉴定为程氏伞滑刃线虫(Bursaphelenchus chengiLi,Trinh,Waeyenberge&Moens,2008).该线虫属abietinus组,侧区有2条侧线,雄虫交合刺成对,强壮,长约18～22μm,末端约1/3处强烈向腹面弯曲.雌虫尾端略向腹面弯曲,末端钝圆或尖,有时有不规则的尾尖突.该线虫与树皮象伞滑刃线虫(B.hylobianum)、安东尼伞滑刃线虫(B.antoniae)在形态上十分接近,但ITS-RFLP图谱以及序列分析结果有明显差异.目前仅南京口岸曾从来自我国台湾的木质包装中截获该线虫.
