Constitution identification model in traditional Chinese medicine based on multiple features

Objective To construct a precise model for identifying traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitutions;thereby offering optimized guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment plan-ning;and ultimately enhancing medical efficiency and treatment outcomes.Methods First;TCM full-body inspection data acquisition equipment was employed to col-lect full-body standing images of healthy people;from which the constitutions were labelled and defined in accordance with the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(CCMQ);and a dataset encompassing labelled constitutions was constructed.Second;heat-suppres-sion valve(HSV)color space and improved local binary patterns(LBP)algorithm were lever-aged for the extraction of features such as facial complexion and body shape.In addition;a dual-branch deep network was employed to collect deep features from the full-body standing images.Last;the random forest(RF)algorithm was utilized to learn the extracted multifea-tures;which were subsequently employed to establish a TCM constitution identification mod-el.Accuracy;precision;and F1 score were the three measures selected to assess the perfor-mance of the model.Results It was found that the accuracy;precision;and F1 score of the proposed model based on multifeatures for identifying TCM constitutions were 0.842;0.868;and 0.790;respectively.In comparison with the identification models that encompass a single feature;either a single facial complexion feature;a body shape feature;or deep features;the accuracy of the model that incorporating all the aforementioned features was elevated by 0.105;0.105;and 0.079;the precision increased by 0.164;0.164;and 0.211;and the F1 score rose by 0.071;0.071;and 0.084;respectively.Conclusion The research findings affirmed the viability of the proposed model;which incor-porated multifeatures;including the facial complexion feature;the body shape feature;and the deep feature.In addition;by employing the proposed model;the objectification and intel-ligence of identifying constitutions in TCM practices could be optimized.

Study on prescription medication mode and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of noncritical COVID-19 based on data mining

Background:As of 2023,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is still spreading globally.Therefore,we aim to integrate non-critical COVID-19 high-frequency and high-targeting Chinese medicines to provide a reference for clinical prescriptions to improve COVID-19-related symptoms.Materials and methods:The information on non-critical COVID-19 high-frequency Chinese medicines in the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 was obtained by the TCM inheritance support platform.Using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology,high-targeting Chinese medicines with good docking activity with COVID-19 receptors angiotensin-converting enzyme-II(ACE2),3CLpro and tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO(AXL)were obtained.A new prescription for non-critical COVID-19 was established by integrating high-frequency and high-targeting Chinese medicines.Rats with acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide were used as the experimental model.The histopathological changes in the lungs of rats in each group were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The lung coefficient of rats was measured.The levels of IL-6,TNF-α,and IL-1βin serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The mRNA and protein levels of ACE2 and AXL in lung tissue were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot.Results:Through data mining,it was found that there were 39 high-frequency traditional Chinese medicines for non-critical COVID-19 in the diagnosis and treatment guidelines.According to network pharmacology and molecular docking,30 highly targeted traditional Chinese drugs for COVID-19 were found.The new prescriptions for non-critical COVID-19 were comprehensively obtained,including Glycyrrhizae Radix,Ephedra Herba,Amygdalus Communis Vas,Gypsum Fibrosum,Descurainiae Semen,Atractylodes Lancea,Scutellariae Radix,Amomum Tsao-Ko Crevostet,Forsythiae Fructus,Pogostemon cablin,Magnolia Officinalis.Compared with the LPS-induced lung injury model group,the medium dose of the new prescription group had significantly alleviated pathological changes in lung tissue,decreased lung coefficient,decreased contents of IL-6,TNF-αand IL-1β,and increased mRNA and protein expression of ACE2 and AXL(P<0.05).Conclusion:Based on data mining,network pharmacology and molecular docking technology,the new prescription for non-critical COVID-19 established by this method has an anti-inflammatory effect on rats with acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide and can provide a reference for clinicians to alleviate the symptoms related to non-critical COVID-19.

General Situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Identification Methods

Traditional Chinese medicines are the material basis for the treatment of diseases under theoretical direction, as well as the raw materials of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and Chinese patent medicines. The quality of traditional Chinese medicine directly influences clinical efficacy. Therefore, the identification of traditional Chinese medicine is the responsibility of medicinal workers. The identification method develops from observation, tasting, smelling and listening to firing method and testing with water, and the construction of fingerprints of traditional Chinese medicines and molecular biological techniques. The development and evolution of traditional Chinese medicine identification methods was reviewed in this paper.

Analysis on the traditional Chinese medicine syndromes and Six-Meridian Pattern Identification of coronavirus disease 2019

Zhongjing Zhang’s Shang Han Lun(Treatise on Cold-induced Diseases,an ancient Chinese medical book written by Zhongjing Zhang in the Eastern Han Dynasty)was pioneering to conduct the Six-Meridian Pattern Identification,which provided later generations with a theoretical basis for the treatment of Exogenous Febrile Diseases.The coronavirus disease 2019 belongs to the category of“Pestilence”(the general term for virulent infectious epidemic diseases)in“Febrile Diseases”(the general term for acute externally contracted diseases caused by Warm Pathogens,with fever as the chief manifestation,also known as Warm Diseases)and the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 is mostly based on the Triple Energizer Pattern Identification(the a categorization of Pattern Identification according to the theory of the Triple Energizer)or Defense,Qi,Nutrient and Blood Pattern Identification(the categorization of Febrile Diseases Pattern Identification according to the theory of Defense,Qi,Nutrient and Blood which indicates the stages of the clinical course with corresponding pathological changes).Although the theory of Cold-induced Diseases(the condition caused by Cold,manifested as chills and fever,absence of sweating,headache and floating-tense pulse)and the theory of Febrile Disease seem to be entirely distinct with each other,Zhongjing Zhang’s theory contained Triple Energizer Pattern Identification or Defense,Qi,Nutrient and Blood Pattern Identification,and Triple Energizer Pattern Identification or Defense Qi,Nutrient and Blood Pattern Identification also contained Zhongjing Zhang’s Six-Meridian Pattern Identification(the categorization of Pattern Identification according to the theory of the Six Meridians,applied to the diagnosis of acute Febrile Diseases at different stages,and also useful for the Pattern Identification of other diseases).The basic principles and therapeutic methods of Cold-induced Diseases and Febrile Diseases are intertwined.Therefore,this paper will combine the two theories to analyze the traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of coronavirus disease 2019,and try to use Six-Meridian Pattern Identification to guide the treatment of this disease.

Summary of Zhang Hongxing's Experience in Treating Refractory Angina Pectoris with Traditional Chinese Medicine

As a famous traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)expert in Shandong province and a famous veteran TCM expert in Dezhou city,Zhang Hongxing has been engaged in cardiovascular clinical work for more than 30 years.He has unique experience in the treatment of refractory angina pectoris.This paper comprehensively explains from the aspects of etiology and pathogenesis.His treatment is mostly based on syndrome differentiation,combined with the basic pharmacology of modem Chinese medicine to formulate prescriptions and drugs,and at the same time values the use of insect drugs.We hereby attach the clinical records,hoping to provide reference for clinical workers,which is conducive to the inheritance and development of famous Chinese medical academic experience.

Traditional Chinese medicine Master XIONG Jibo’s medication experience in treating arthralgia syndrome through data mining

Objective This study aimed to examine and propagate the medication experience and group formula of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)Master XIONG Jibo in diagnosing and treat-ing arthralgia syndrome(AS)through data mining.Methods Data of outpatient cases of Professor XIONG Jibo were collected from January 1,2014 to December 31,2018,along with cases recorded in A Real Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctor:XIONG Jibo's Clinical Medical Record 1,which was published in December 2019.The five variables collected from the patients’data were TCM diagnostic information,TCM and western medicine diagnoses,syndrome,treatment,and prescription.A database was established for the collected data with Excel.Using the Python environment,a custom-ized modified natural language processing(NLP)model for the diagnosis and treatment of AS by Professor XIONG Jibo was established to preprocess the data and to analyze the word cloud.Frequency analysis,association rule analysis,cluster analysis,and visual analysis of AS cases were performed based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing Platform(V3.0)and RStudio(V4.0.3).Results A total of 610 medical records of Professor XIONG Jibo were collected from the case database.A total of 103 medical records were included after data screening criteria,which comprised 187 times(45 kinds)of prescriptions and 1506 times(125 kinds)of Chinese herbs.The main related meridians were the liver,spleen,and kidney meridians.The properties of Chinese herbs used most were mainly warm,flat,and cold,while the flavors of herbs were mainly bitter,pungent,and sweet.The main patterns of AS included the damp heat,phlegm stasis,and neck arthralgia.The most commonly used herbs for AS were Chuanniuxi(Cyathu-lae Radix),Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex),Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma),Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Huangqi(Astragali Radix),and Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma).The most common effect of the herbs was“promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis”,followed by“supple-menting deficiency(Qi supplementing,blood supplementing,and Yang supplementing)”,and“dispelling wind and dampness”.The data were analyzed with the support≥15%and con-fidence=100%,and after de-duplication,five second-order association rules,39 third-order association rules,39 fourth-order association rules,and two fifth-order association rules were identified.The top-ranking association rules of each were“Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma)→Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex)”“Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma)+Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)→Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex)”“Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)+Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)+Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)→Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)”and“Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)+Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)+Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)+Huangbo(Phello-dendri Chinensis Cortex)→Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)”,respectively.Five clusters were obtained using cluster analysis of the top 30 herbs.The herbs were mainly dry-ing dampness,supplementing Qi,and promoting blood circulation.The main prescriptions of AS were Ermiao San(二妙散),Gegen Jianghuang San(葛根姜黄散),and Huangqi Chongteng Yin(黄芪虫藤饮).The herbs of core prescription included Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma),Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex),Mugua(Chaenomelis Fructus),Qinjiao(Gentianae Macro-phyllae Radix),Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix),and Yiyiren(Coicis Semen).Conclusion Clearing heat and dampness,relieving collaterals and pain,and invigorating Qi and blood are the most commonly used therapies for the treatment of AS by Professor XIONG Jibo.Additionally,customized NLP model could improve the efficiency of data mining in TCM.

A Preliminary Study on Legitimacy Identification Standards for Unconventional Treatment Technologies in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Compared with western medicine with objective and standardized theories,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)places more emphasis on subjective thinking.Moreover,there are several academic schools under TCM,and ancient secret prescriptions and proven prescriptions play important roles in TCM treatments.However,the drugs used by some academic schools and some ancient secret prescriptions and proven prescriptions often contradict mainstream theories,and some TCM treatment methods do not significantly conform to the methods that are considered safe by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition),medical textbooks and other canonical books.Despite the long history and abundant successful experiences of TCM treatments,controversies regarding these unconventional treatment technologies,specifically when these breach the safety standards of treatment,exist considering that several medical adverse effects are observed when performing these unconventional treatments.In view of this,distinguishing“welldefined technological breakthrough”from“medical fault”is considered necessary.This study discusses the issue and raises constructive suggestions on the corresponding identification standards for unconventional treatment strategies in TCM.

Professor Liu Guobin used traditional Chinese medicine to cure a case of primary erythema limb pain

Primary erythema limb pain is a very rare disease,and its pathogenesis is not clear.Usually,the pain symptoms of patients exist for a long time,which seriously affect the daily life of patients and increase the economic burden of patients.Professor Liu Guobin,who has been engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral vascular diseases for nearly 30 years,believes that heat-toxin and blood stasis collaterals are closely related to the disease,and emphasizes the principle of heat-toxin and evil qi causing the disease.It is emphasized that clearing heat and detoxification,promoting blood circulation and dispersing blood stasis are the main treatment principles.This paper selects a typical case to describe Professor Liu's clinical experience in the treatment of primary erythema limb pain by oral and external use of traditional Chinese medicine,so as to provide an effective method of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of primary erythema limb pain.

Perspectives in application of biosensors for the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine

Biosensor is an instrument which is sensitive to biological material and converts its concentration into electrical signals.Organisms such as enzymes, antibodies, tissues, cells and so on can selectively identify specific substances. Thesemolecular recognition functions can be combined with the target, such as the binding of antibodies and antigens, and thebinding of enzymes to the substrate through the recognition process. Biosensor has the advantages of high specificity,high sensitivity, fast reaction speed, low cost and easy operation. It has wide application prospect in food, pharmacy,chemical industry, clinical examination, biomedicine, environmental monitoring and so on, especially as a newtechnology means, in the field of modern herbal medicine research influence. Studies have demonstrated that thebiosensing technology has been applied to, traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） targets, isolation and purification ofTCM, the mechanism of TCM, quality control of TCM, the active ingredients detection of TCM and other basicresearches. Biosensor technology has made an important contribution to the research of modern herbal medicine, and hasbecome a Hot-spot in future research.

Validity and reliability of the evaluation tool of TCM confidence in students with TCM learning experience

Objective:This study aimed to design an evaluation scale of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)confidence and then evaluate its validity and reliability.Methods:Three parallel samples with TCM learning experience were included in this current study.Randomly selected 500 nursing students were included factor analysis and reliability and validity analyses.After 4 weeks,200 nursing students were recruited to retest the reliability.The evaluation tool of TCM confidence included 6 dimensions and 25 entries.Results:Cronbach's a coefficient of the evaluation scale was 0.95 and that of the 6 observed aspects were higher than 0.90,and splithalf reliability was 0.81.For the retest reliability,Cronbach's a coefficient of the evaluation scale was 0.93 and that of the 6 examined aspects was all over 0.80.The index of content validity Scale Content Validity Index(S-CVI)was 0.92 and Item Content Validity Index(I-CVI)was 0.83–1.00.Conclusions:Observed results may indicate that the designed tool can be used to assess the TCM confidence level of students with TCM studied experience and also can evaluate results of TCM education during studying TCM lectures.

East to west:research progress in traditional Chinese medicine for antiaging strategies

Delaying the onset of aging is considered an important tool for dealing with the global crisis of the aging population.Accordingly,several antiaging studies have been conducted using strategies of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).In this review,we summarize the current state of antiaging research related to both modern medicine and TCM and provide suggestions for further research.Various theories related to the aging process have been proposed,including the free radical theory,mitochondrial DNA damage theory,telomere theory,cross-linking theory,and intestinal flora theory,and a number of antiaging chemical treatments have been developed using modern medicine.These theories and achievements have resulted in major advancements in antiaging research.TCM is based on practical experience and has a long history with unique advantages in antiaging research.Some antiaging practices such as moderate diet consumption,acupuncture,Tai Chi(a traditional Chinese martial art that can relax the nerves to slow down the aging process),and Wuqin Xi(a traditional Chinese exercise to strengthen the body)have been adopted to maintain health.Several TCMs and prescriptions,particularly those related to medicine food homology,have been used in antiaging treatment,and their antiaging properties have been demonstrated to be effective based on pharmacological experiments and clinical applications.

An Empirical Case of Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Idiopathic Edema

Idiopathic edema is a common,challenging,and complicated clinical condition with no recognized cause that is easy to prolong and repeat.Professor Li has a lot of expertise treating this condition.This condition is associated with a yang shortage in the spleen and kidneys,as well as a mutual accumulation of water and blood stasis.Zhenwu Decoction and Guizhi Fuling tablet are added to the prescription.Ms.Li’s clinical experience in the treatment of idiopathic edema is being shared with the fellow.

An introduction of the experience in treating Ventricular premature beat with stasis heat

Ventricular premature beat,a kind of arrhythmia,is one of common diseases which not only decreases the quality of life but also has the danger of death.The pathogenesis in Traditional Chinese Medicine is that the injury of heart and kidney is the essence and the block of solid evil such as phlegm and blood stasis is the manifestation.The teacher,Li Yuan,has worked in clinic for decades and considered that the important pathogenesis of the VP beat is“heat transformed from Yang”,which cannot be ignored as it is on the influence of diverse factors and can be observed in different symptoms and different treatment states of the disease.

Zhou Lamei's Experience in Treating Gout

Chief physician Zhou Lamei performs diagnosis and treatment according to syndrome differentiation,and proposes the method of combining internal treatment with external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and paying attention to the adjustment of eating habits and lifestyle,which has certain advantages in relieving acute attack,reducing uric acid,reducing gout complications caused by disease development and reducing adverse reactions of western medicine,and is of great significance to the treatment of gout onset and hyperuricemia control.

原发性干燥综合征合并血细胞减少中医诊治研究进展

原发性干燥综合征(pSS)是一种慢性炎症性自身免疫病,除累及外分泌腺之外,还可累及多器官、系统,其中以血液系统受累最为常见,多表现为一系或多系血细胞减少。目前对于pSS合并血细胞减少缺乏统一公认的治疗方案,西医治疗多以糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂为主,而中医药治疗本病具有较好疗效。通过总结pSS合并血细胞减少的中医诊治经验,并对相关研究进行综述后发现,现代医家认为pSS核心病机为气阴亏虚,久之则产生热、毒、瘀等多种病理产物,相互影响,导致全身气血津液失常,引起血细胞减少。本病病位多责之于肝、脾、肾,治以滋阴、益气、养血之法,辅以清热解毒、化瘀通络之法,并根据其合并血细胞减少类型的不同以及是否使用糖皮质激素用药各有侧重。中医药治疗本病较西药治疗能够更好地改善血细胞水平且不良事件发生率更低,具有一定优势。

孙克伟教授辨证论治肝病的经验探析

孙克伟教授在长期临床诊治中总结发现,多种肝病殊途同归,提出“补脾土,疏肝解郁”“逐湿邪,热无所依”“补先天,解毒袪邪”“调气血,瘀滞得化”“温脾阳,截断逆挽”的学术经验,临床应用效果显著。该文将从以上五法探析孙克伟教授辨证论治肝病经验,旨在为肝病中医诊疗提供参考和借鉴。

朱永康治疗分化型甲状腺癌术后并发症的经验

介绍朱永康教授治疗分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)术后并发症的临床经验。认为DTC术后的中医治疗分为早期和远期两个阶段,早期重在治“虚”,远期治疗除缓解其他治疗带来的毒副作用外,将“伏邪”理论引入治疗中,同时注重既病防变、已病防传和病愈防复。并附验案1则。

张婷婷治疗子宫腺肌症痛证经验

子宫腺肌症的发病率逐年上升,其治疗是临床的难点。张婷婷教授治疗子宫腺肌症痛证,根据“瘀阻于内,不通则痛”的基本病机,口服汤剂采用“柴芍方”以疏肝行气、活血止痛;“红藤方”以清热凉血、散瘀止痛;“清瘀温通方”以寒温并用、化瘀止痛;“扶正祛瘀方”以益气扶正、祛瘀止痛。张婷婷临证还结合灌肠、足浴的方法,内外合治,长期管理患者,效果显著。

基于BERTopic与CiteSpace的中国中医药领域研究热点与主题演化分析

目的/意义 梳理近10年中国中医药领域文献,阐述该领域热点主题与发展趋势。方法/过程 检索2013-2022年万方数据平台中医药领域研究文献,以摘要为研究对象,利用BERTopic模型抽取主题,并采用CiteSpace进行可视化分析。结果/结论 纳入中文文献12 683篇,发现5个主题:临床试验与疗效、病机与药理研究、中医药领域发展、慢病治疗、药物分析与文献研究。对其中热度持续增长的中医药领域发展主题深入分析,提出人工智能与中医药领域的深度融合是未来趋势。

基于化学成分信息“数字身份证”的中药材鉴定策略探索

目的:针对当前无法对未知样品进行快速“盲检”鉴定药材的情况,提出中药材化学成分信息“数字身份证”鉴定策略,以期实现未知药材的鉴定分析。方法:基于数学分析法和实证研究法,确定鉴定步骤:(1)利用UHPLC-QTOF-MS对多批次药材进行分析;(2)经数字量化,提取多批次药材的共有离子;(3)根据离子强度输出top-N个离子信息分别作为不同药材的“数字身份证”;(4)以上述“数字身份证”为基准,通过保留时间、质荷比、离子强度进行样品的匹配鉴定,反馈匹配可信度(Matching Credibility,MC)。结果:通过数学分析和实证研究表明,基于化学成分信息“数字身份证”的中药材鉴定策略是切实可行的。在该策略下,9种药材可被快速准确地鉴定。结论:基于化学成分信息“数字身份证”的中药材鉴定策略有助于实现未知中药材的鉴定分析,可用于中药材的非靶向鉴定。