Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis:A narrative review

Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis(RP-IPAA) is the gold standard surgical treatment for ulcerative colitis.However,despite the widespread use of RP-IPAA,many aspects of this treatment still remain controversial,such as the approach(open or laparoscopic),number of stages in the surgery,type of pouch,and construction type(hand-sewn or stapled ileal pouch-anal anastomosis).The present narrative review aims to discuss current evidence on the short-,mid-,and long-term results of each of these technical alternatives as well as their benefits and disadvantages.A review of the MEDLINE,EMBASE,and Ovid databases was performed to identify studies published through March 2016.Few large,randomized,controlled studies have been conducted,which limits the conclusions that can be drawn regarding controversial issues.The available data from retrospective studies suggest that laparoscopic surgery has no clear advantages compared with open surgery and that one-stage RP-IPAA may be indicated in selected cases.Regarding 2- and 3-stage RP-IPAA,patients who underwent these surgeries differed significantly with respect to clinical and laboratory variables,making any comparisons extremely difficult.The long-term results regarding the pouch type show that the W- and J-reservoirs do not differ significantly,although the J pouch is generally preferred by surgeons.Hand-sewn and stapled ileal pouch-anal anastomoses have their own advantages,and there is no clear benefit of one technique over the other.

Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis:Ileorectal vs ileal pouch-anal anastomosis

Total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis(IPAA) is the current gold standard in the surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC) refractory to medical management. A procedure of significant magnitude carries its own risks including anastomotic failure, pelvic sepsis and a low rate of neoplastic degeneration overtime. Recent studies have shown that total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis(IRA) has been associated with good long-term functional results in a selected group of UC patients amenable to undergo a strict surveillance for the relatively high risk of cancer in the rectum. This manuscript will review and compare the most recent literature on IRA and IPAA as it pertains to postoperative morbidity and mortality, failure rates, functional outcomes and cancer risk.

Complications after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in Korean patients with ulcerative colitis

AIM:To investigate the outcomes of treatments for complications after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis(IPAA)in Korean patients with ulcerative colitis.METHODS:Between March 1998 and February 2013,72 patients(28 male and 44 female,median age 43.0years±14.0 years)underwent total proctocolectomy with IPAA.The study cohort was registered prospectively and analyzed retrospectively.Patient characteristics,medical management histories,operative findings,pathology reports and postoperative clinical courses,including early postoperative and late complications and their treatments,were reviewed from a medical record system.All of the ileal pouches were J-pouch and were performed with either the double-stapling technique(n=69)or a hand-sewn(n=3)technique.RESULTS:Thirty-one(43.1%)patients had early complications,with 12(16.7%)patients with complications related to the pouch.Pouch bleeding,pelvic abscesses and anastomosis ruptures were managed conservatively.Patients with pelvic abscesses were treated with surgical drainage.Twenty-seven(38.0%)patients had late complications during the follow-up period(82.5±50.8 mo),with 21(29.6%)patients with complications related to the pouch.Treatment for pouchitis included antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs.Pouch-vaginal fistulas,perianal abscesses or fistulas and anastomosis strictures were treated surgically.Pouch failure developed in two patients(2.8%).Analyses showed that an emergency operation was a significant risk factor for early pouch-related complications compared to elective procedures(55.6%vs 11.1%,P<0.05).Pouchitis was related to early(35.3%)and the other late pouch-related complications(41.2%)(P<0.05).The complications did not have an effect on pouch failure nor pouch function.CONCLUSION:The complications following IPAA can be treated successfully.Favorable long-term outcomes were achieved with a lower pouch failure rate than reported in Western patients.

Eviendep~ reduces number and size of duodenal polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis patients with ileal pouchanal anastomosis

AIM:To evaluate if 3 mo oral supplementation with Eviendep was able to reduce the number of duodenal polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP)patients with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis(IPAA).METHODS:Eleven FAP patients with IPAA and duodenal polyps were enrolled.They underwent upper gastrointestinal(GI)endoscopy at the baseline and after 3 mo of treatment.Each patient received 5 mg Eviendep twice a day,at breakfast and dinner time,for3 mo.Two endoscopists evaluated in a blinded manner the number and size of duodenal polyps.Upper GI endoscopies with biopsies were performed at the baseline(T0)with the assessment of the Spigelman score.Polyps>10 mm were removed during endoscopy and at the end of the procedure a new Spigelman score was determined(T1).The procedure was repeated 3 mo after the baseline(T2).Four photograms were examined for each patient,at T1 and T2.The examined area was divided into 3 segments:duodenal bulb,second and third portion duodenum.Biopsy specimens were taken from all polyps>10 mm and from all suspicious ones,defined by the presence of a central depression,irregular surface,or irregular vascular pattern.Histology was classified according to the updated Vienna criteria.RESULTS:At baseline the mean number of duodenal detected polyps was 27.7 and mean sizes were 15.8mm;the mean Spigelman score was 7.1.After polypectomy the mean number of duodenal detected polyps was 25.7 and mean sizes were 7.6 mm;the mean Spigelman score was 6.4.After 3 mo of Eviendep bid,all patients showed a reduction of number and size of duodenal polyps.The mean number of duodenal polyps was 8(P=0.021)and mean size was 4.4 mm;the mean Spigelman score was 6.6.Interrater agreement was measured.Lesions>1 cm found a very good degree of concordance(kappa 0.851)and a good concordance was as well encountered for smaller lesions(kappa 0.641).CONCLUSION:Our study demonstrated that shortterm(90 d)supplementation with Eviendep in FAP patients with IPAA and with recurrent adenomas in the duodenal mucosa,resulted effective in reducing polyps number of 32%and size of 51%.

Laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for Peutz-Jeghers syndrome with synchronous rectal cancer

We report on a patient diagnosed with PeutzJeghers syndrome(PJS) with synchronous rectal cancer who was treated with laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis(IPAA). PJS is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by multiple hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract, mucocutaneous pigmentation, and increased risks of gastrointestinal and nongastrointestinal cancer. This report presents a patient with a 20-year history of intermittent bloody stool, mucocutaneous pigmentation and a family history of PJS, which together led to a diagnosis of PJS. Moreover, colonoscopy and biopsy revealed the presence of multiple serried giant pedunculated polyps and rectal adenocarcinoma. Currently, few options exist for the therapeutic management of PJS with synchronous rectal cancer. For this case, we adopted an unconventional surgical strategy and ultimately performed laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy with IPAA. This procedure is widely considered to be the first-line treatment option for patients with ulcerative colitis or familial adenomatous polyposis. However, there are no previous reports of treating PJS patients with laparoscopic IPAA. Since the operation, the patient has experienced no further episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding and has demonstrated satisfactory bowel control. Laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy with IPAA may be a safe and effective treatment for patients with PJS with synchronous rectal cancer.

Ileal pouch anal anastomosis with modified double-stapled mucosectomy-the experience in China

AIM:To investigate the feasibility and long-term functional outcome of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis with modified double-stapled mucosectomy.METHODS:From January 2002 to March 2011,fourtyfive patients underwent ileal pouch anal anastomosis with modified double-stapled mucosectomy technique and the clinical data obtained for these patients were reviewed.RESULTS:Patients with ulcerative colitis(n = 29) and familial adenomatous polyposis(n = 16) underwent ileal pouch-anal anastomosis with modified doublestapled mucosectomy.Twenty-eight patients underwent one-stage restorative proctocolectomy,ileal pouch anal anastomosis,protective ileostomy and the ileostomy was closed 4-12 mo postoperatively.Two-stage procedures were performed in seventeen urgent patients,proctectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis were completed after previous colectomy with ileostomy.Morbidity within the first 30 d of surgery occurred in 10(22.2%) patients,all of them could be treated conservatively.During the median follow-up of 65 mo,mild to moderate anastomotic narrowing was occurred in 4 patients,one patient developed persistent anastomotic stricture and need surgical intervention.Thirtyfive percent of patients developed at least 1 episode of pouchitis.There was no incontinence in our patients,the median functional Oresland score was 6,3 and 2 after 1 year,2.5 years and 5 years respectively.Nearly half patients(44.4%) reported "moderate functioning",37.7% reported "good functioning",whereas in 17.7% of patients "poor functioning" was observed after 1 year.Five years later,79.2% of patients with good function,16.7% with moderate function,only 4.2% of patients with poor function.CONCLUSION:The results of ileal pouch anal anastomosis with modified double-stapled mucosectomy technique are promising,with a low complication rate and good long-term functional results.

The pathogenesis of primary pouchitis following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: a review of current hypotheses

Primary pouchitis is a common complication of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis following proctocolectomy in patients treated for ulcerative colitis (UC), but is un-usual for those treated for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). While a number of theories as to the pathogenesis of this inflammatory condition have been proposed, no single one has been wholly satis-factory. Much research has been devoted to investi-gating a link between the pathogenic factors involved in UC, but not FAP, and those underlying pouchitis. The contribution of sulfate-producing bacteria has also been explored. The role of other intraluminal factors, such as short chain fatty acids and unconju-gated bile salts, has also been investigated. A unifying theory of a multi-step process might explain the pathogenesis of pouchitis, but further research is re-quired to proof causation. It is likely that pouchitis develops as a result of a combination of genetic, im-munological, microbial and metabolic factors. Future insight into the causes of pouchitis may eventually allow for the development of more effective treat-ments.

Management of pouch related symptoms in patients who underwent ileal pouch anal anastomosis surgery for adenomatous polyposis

BACKGROUND Adenomatous polyposis syndromes(APS)patients with ileal pouch anal anastomosis(IPAA)suffer frequent symptoms with scarce signs of inflammation,distinct from ulcerative colitis patients.While the management of pouchitis in ulcerative colitis patients is well established,data regarding response to treatment modalities targeting pouch-related disorders in APS patient population is scarce.AIM To assess clinical,endoscopic and histologic response to various treatment modalities employed in the therapy of pouch related disorders.METHODS APS patients who underwent IPAA between 1987-2019 were followed every 6-12 mo and pouch-related symptoms were recorded at every visit.Lower endoscopy was performed annually,recording features of the pouch,cuff and terminal ileum.A dedicated gastrointestinal pathologist reviewed biopsies for signs and severity of inflammation.At current study,files were retrospectively reviewed for initiation and response to various treatment modalities between 2015-2019.Therapies included dietary modifications,probiotics,loperamide,antibiotics,bismuth subsalicylate,mebeverine hydrochloride,5-aminosalicylic acid compounds and topical rectal steroids.Symptoms and endoscopic and histologic signs of inflammation before and after treatment were assessed.Pouchitis disease activity index(PDAI)and its subscores was calculated.Change of variables before and after therapy was assessed using Wilcoxon signed rank test for continuous variables and using McNemar's test for categorical variables.RESULTS Thirty-three APS patients after IPAA were identified.Before treatment,16 patients(48.4%)suffered from abdominal pain and 3(9.1%)from bloody stools.Mean number of daily bowel movement was 10.3.Only 4 patients(12.1%)had a PDAI≥7.Mean baseline PDAI was 2.5±2.3.Overall,intervention was associated with symptomatic relief,mainly decreasing abdominal pain(from 48.4%to 27.2%of patients,P=0.016).Daily bowel movements decreased from a mean of 10.3 to 9.3(P=0.003).Mean overall and clinical PDAI scores decreased from 2.58 to 1.94(P=0.016)and from 1.3 to 0.87(P=0.004),respectively.Analyzing each treatment modality separately,we observed that dietary modifications decreased abdominal pain(from 41.9%of patients to 19.35%,P=0.016),daily bowel movements(from 10.5 to 9.3,P=0.003),overall PDAI(from 2.46 to 2.03,P=0.04)and clinical PDAI(1.33 to 0.86,P=0.004).Probiotics effectively decreased daily bowel movements(from 10.2 to 8.8,P=0.007),overall and clinical PDAI(from 2.9 to 2.1 and from 1.38 to 0.8,P=0.032 and 0.01,respectively).While other therapies had minimal or no effects.No significant changes in endoscopic or histologic scores were seen with any therapy.CONCLUSION APS patients benefit from dietary modifications and probiotics that improve their pouch-related symptoms but respond minimally to anti-inflammatory and antibiotic treatments.These results suggest a functional rather than inflammatory disorder.

Long-axis rotational volvulus in an ileal J-pouch anal anastomosis: A preventable rare complication

Puropose: This study was designed to report a very rare long-term complication of ileal-Jpouch anal anastomosis: An 180 degree longaxial rotational volvulus causing J pouch obstruction. Methods: An Ovid and Medline search using the following keywords was performed: J pouch ileoanal anastomosis, J-pouch ileoanal anastomosis complications, J-pouch volvulus, J-pouch complications, restorative proctocolectomy complications, and restorative proctocolectomy volvulus. One J-pouch ileoanal anastomosis 180° volvulus report was found [1]. Result: We describe a long-axis 180° rotational volvulus complication of a J-pouch ileoanal anastomosis. The J pouch was performed three years prior after the laparoscopic total proctocolectomy for chronic ulcerative colitis. Pouch excision and new ileoanal J-pouch surgery were then performed along with pexy using alloderm mesh placement with excellent outcomes. Conclusion: Long-axis 180° rotational volvulus is a rare complication of a J-pouch ileoanal anastomosis. Pouch dysfunction after a long-axis rotational volvulus is an uncommon cause of acute abdomen. Lack of adhesions and pouch size are risk factors for the pouch torsion. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential for the pouch salvage. Simple abdominal x-ray, barium enema and CT scan represent important tools for diagnosis. Salvage surgery should be performed even if detorsion and decompression of the affected bowel are achieved. Surgery has excellent outcomes if performed after the prompt diagnosis. Pouch pexy should be done to prevent recurrent volvulus.

Lactobacillus acidophilus alleviates pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in rats

AIM To assess the therapeutic potential of Lactobacillus acidophilus(LA) for the treatment of pouchitis in a rat model.METHODS Sprague Dawley rats underwent proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis followed by administration of dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) to induce pouchitis. Rats with pouchitis were randomly divided into three groups: no intervention(NI), normal saline(NS, 3 m L/d normal saline for 7 d), and LA(3 m L/d LA at 1× 1010 colony-forming units for 7 d). General body condition was recorded and pouch specimens were obtained for histological examination. m RNA expression levels of interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α were determined by RT-PCR. Zonula occludens protein 1(ZO-1) levels were measured by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS LA reduced weight loss associated with pouchitis(P < 0.05) and improved the symptoms of pouchitis in rats. Compared with the NI and NS groups, rats in the LAgroup showed earlier disappearance of hematochezia(6.17 ± 0.75, 6.50 ± 0.55, 3.17 ± 0.75, P < 0.05) and higher fecal scores(2.67 ± 0.48, 2.50 ± 0.51, 4.42 ± 0.50, respectively, P < 0.05). Histological scores were also lower in the LA group compared with the other two groups(7.17 ± 0.98, 8.00 ± 0.89, 4.00 ± 0.89, respectively, P < 0.05). m RNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly reduced, while IL-10 m RNA levels were significantly increased in the LA group(P < 0.05, respectively). ZO-1 protein levels were also significantly increased after administration of LA(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION LA alleviates pouchitis induced by DSS after ileal pouchanal anastomosis by decreasing pro-inflammatory factors and increasing anti-inflammatory factors, and restoring ZO-1 expression in the mucosa.

低位直肠癌改良Bacon术的安全及可行性

目的:探讨腹腔镜辅助低位直肠癌改良Bacon术的安全性和可行性。方法:回顾性分析2018年10月至2021年05月河南大学淮河医院肛肠外科收治的26例低位直肠癌患者的临床资料,患者均行腹腔镜辅助改良Bacon术。按照全直肠系膜切除(TME)原则充分游离直肠及其系膜,至肛提肌平面,会阴组医师牵开肛门,直视下在肿瘤下缘缝合黏膜层,逐层分离至与腹腔组贯通,拉出切除标本,肛门外留取肠管3~5 cm,将乙状结肠浆膜与直肠残端黏膜缝合固定。术后3周行外置肠管切除肛门成形术。术后Wexner评分量表评估患者的肛门功能。结果:26例患者中,男性16例,女性10例,年龄40~72(中位56)岁,体质量指数20.4~33.5(中位26.5) kg/m^(2),肿瘤距离肛缘3~6 cm;术前盆腔磁共振T分期T1期2例,T2期20例,T3期4例。全组患者手术均顺利完成,无一例中转开腹,手术时间124~182 min;术中出血量10~50(中位20) mL。术后病理分期Ⅰ期2例,Ⅱ期22例,Ⅲ期2例。术后患者排气时间24~128h,首次手术住院时间4~15d。1例患者术后出现外置肠管坏死合并腹腔感染,二次手术末端回肠造瘘后恢复顺利。术后1 mon的肛门功能Wexner评分与术前相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后26例患者随访2~31 mon未见局部复发或远处转移。结论:改良Bacon术可以有效避免吻合口漏风险,并不影响术后的肛门功能,是安全可行的。

奥沙拉秦钠联合全结直肠切除回肠储袋肛管吻合术治疗溃疡性结肠炎临床观察

目的 探讨奥沙拉秦钠联合全结直肠切除回肠储袋肛管吻合术(IPAA)治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效,以及对患者肠黏膜屏障功能、炎性因子水平的影响。方法 选取河北省保定市竞秀区医院2020年3月至2022年3月收治的溃疡性结肠炎患者120例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各60例。对照组行IPAA,术后服用抗菌药物3 d;观察组行IPAA,术后7 d待肠功能恢复后服用奥沙拉秦钠4周。结果 与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后的D-乳酸、内毒素、二胺氧化酶(DAO)水平均明显降低,且观察组下降更明显(P <0.05);白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均明显降低,IL-10水平明显升高,且观察组变化更明显(P <0.05);超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平均明显升高,丙二醛(MDA)、脂质过氧化物(LPO)水平均明显降低,且观察组变化更明显(P <0.05);血红蛋白(Hb)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、红细胞比容(HCT)水平均明显升高,且观察组升高更明显(P <0.05)。观察组总有效率为95.00%,明显高于对照组的78.33%(P <0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为10.00%,明显低于对照组的25.00%(P <0.05)。结论 奥沙拉秦钠联合IPAA治疗溃疡性结肠炎疗效较好,有助于患者肠黏膜屏障功能的恢复,降低炎性因子水平,且安全性较好。

Clinical outcome of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis in China

Background The incidence of chronic ulcerative colitis （CUC） in China is remarkably increasing, while little information on surgical treatment has been reported. This study aimed to completely describe and analyze the clinical outcome of restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis （IPAA）for CUC in China. Methods Ninety-five consecutive patients, who suffered CUC and had surgical indications, were carefully selected. All patients underwent IPAA. Data on patient characteristics, surgical indications, surgical details, postoperative complications, functional outcome, and quality of life were collected. Results The mean patient age at the time of the operation was 32 years. Twenty-nine （31%） patients underwent an emergency operation, and 66 （69%） underwent elective procedures. Four patients with severe dysplasia underwent operations, but no carcinoma was histologically confirmed. A two-stage operation was performed in 87 （92%） patients, and a hand-sewn technique was applied in 88 （93%） patients. Sixteen patients （17.0%） experienced early complications, and there was a significant difference between the emergency surgery group and the elective group （31.0% vs. 10.6%, respectively; P 〈0.01）. Five （5.3%） patients developed pouchitis as a late complication. The mean stool frequency after the operation was 4.6 （2-11） during the first 24 hours and 1.5 （0-4） overnight. According to the Kirwan grading scale, 87 （91.8%） patients showed satisfactory anal continence function. The quality of life improved significantly from a preoperative mean value of 0.28-0.61 before ileostomy closure to 0.78 after ileostomy closure （P 〈0.01） according to the Cleveland Global Quality of Life index. Conclusions IPAA is an effective and safe surgical procedure for patients with CUC in China. However, some characteristics, such as the low incidence of pouchitis, require further study.

直肠癌低位保肛吻合技术进展

直肠癌是我国常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一,其中以中低位直肠癌较为多见,如何在肿瘤根治性切除的前提下尽可能保留肛门功能成为治疗的目标。通过一系列解剖学和生物学探索以及新型外科设备器械的广泛应用,低位直肠癌保肛吻合的可能性逐渐增加。本文结合直肠癌低位保肛手术的特点及操作难点,对其吻合技术进展作一综述。

腹腔镜改良Parks手术与开腹手术治疗低位直肠癌患者的效果比较

目的:比较腹腔镜改良经肛门结肠肛管吻合术(Parks手术)与开腹手术治疗低位直肠癌患者的效果。方法:选择2017年3月—2019年12月大田县总医院收治的95例低位直肠癌患者作为研究对象,根据手术方法的不同分为腹腔镜组(腹腔镜下改良Parks手术,51例)和开腹组(开腹手术,44例)。比较两组手术效果、手术相关指标、排便功能[低位前切除综合征(low-level anterior resection syndrome,LARS)评分]、肛门功能[肛管静息压(anal canal resting pressure,ARP)、肛管最大收缩压(anal canal maximum systolic pressure,AMSP)及直肠最大耐受容量(rectum maximum tolerated volume,RMTV)]及免疫功能[免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(immunoglobulin A,IgA)及免疫球蛋白M(immunoglobulin M,IgM)]变化,预后(术后3年生存情况)及并发症发生情况。结果:两组手术总有效率、并发症总发生率及3年生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。腹腔镜组术中出血量少于开腹组,手术时间长于开腹组,肛门排气时间、住院时间短于开腹组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月,两组LARS评分及ARP、AMSP、RMTV低于术前,且腹腔镜组LARS评分及AMSP低于开腹组,RMTV高于开腹组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组术后3个月ARP比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1周,开腹组IgG、IgA及IgM水平均低于术前,但腹腔镜组高于开腹组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:相比开腹手术,腹腔镜改良Parks手术治疗低位直肠癌患者,可改善排便功能及肛门功能,促进术后肛门排气,且对免疫功能的影响较小,但两种术式手术效果、3年生存期及并发症相当。

套袖式吻合技术在腹腔镜超低位直肠癌保肛手术中的安全性、有效性及近期疗效分析

目的 分析在超低位直肠癌患者腹腔镜手术保肛手术中行套袖式吻合技术的临床价值。方法 随机选取2016年2月—2021年1月永安市立医院收治的50例超低位结直肠癌患者为研究样本,随机均分为观察组(n=25)、对照组(n=25)。对照组患者实施传统腹腔镜下切除吻合术,观察组患者实施腹腔镜袖套袖吻合术,对照两组疗效、手术信息、并发症及手术结局。结果 两组治疗总有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术中失血量、远端切缘长度显著低于对照组,观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组临时造瘘率与永久造瘘率(4.00%,0)低于对照组(32.00%,24.00%),3年期生存率(84.00%)高于对照组(56.00%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.878、4.735、4.667,P<0.05)。结论 在超低位直肠癌患者腹腔镜手术保肛手术中行套袖式吻合技术疗效与常规腹腔镜下手术效能一致,同时其安全性有显著提升,有助于减少肠瘘、造口率,提升患者的术后近中期生存率。

腹腔镜与开腹全结直肠切除-回肠储袋肛管吻合术治疗男性家族性腺瘤性息肉病患者的效果比较

目的:比较腹腔镜与开腹全结直肠切除-回肠储袋肛管吻合术(TPC-IPAA)治疗男性家族性腺瘤性息肉病(FAP)患者的效果。方法:回顾性分析2019年6月至2021年6月该院收治的80例男性FAP患者的临床资料,按照治疗方式不同将其分为观察组和对照组各40例。观察组行腹腔镜TPC-IPAA治疗,对照组行开腹TPC-IPAA治疗,比较两组围术期指标(手术时间、术中出血量、最大切口长度、首次进食时间、住院时间)水平,术后1、3个月排尿功能、性功能(勃起功能、射精功能)Ⅰ级占比率,以及并发症发生率。结果:观察组手术时间长于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,最大切口长度、首次进食时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1个月,观察组排尿功能、勃起功能、射精功能Ⅰ级占比率均高于对照组,术后3个月,两组排尿功能、勃起功能、射精功能Ⅰ级占比率均高于术后1个月,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为7.50%(3/40),低于对照组的27.50%(11/40),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜TPC-IPAA治疗男性FAP患者可减少术中出血量,缩短最大切口长度、首次进食时间和住院时间,提高排尿功能和性功能Ⅰ级占比率,以及降低并发症发生率,效果优于开腹TPC-IPAA,但需延长手术时间。

低位直肠癌术后吻合口位置与肛门功能关系的研究

目的:探讨保肛术后吻合口位置与肛门功能的关系。方法:选取湖南省人民医院2008年1月至2011年11月间行低直肠癌保肛手术的82例患者,根据吻合口位置,将病例分为5组,吻合口距离肛缘距离用L表示:Ⅰ组:L≤3 cm,Ⅱ组:3 cm<L≤4cm,Ⅲ组:4 cm<L≤5 cm,Ⅳ组:5 cm<L≤6 cm,Ⅴ组:腹膜返折水平下L>6 cm。对所有患者术前及术后肛门功能进行主、客观评定,同时设立未涉及盆底及肛门部手术操作的降结肠、乙状结肠肿瘤手术患者为对照组。结果:从肛门直肠测压评估方法可以得出:1)对照组和各组患者术前各项指标比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);2)Ⅰ～Ⅳ组术后3个月平均静息压、最大静息压、缩榨压和最大耐受容量较术前显著降低(P<0.05);3)Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组术后12个月各项指标即接近正常值(P>O.05);4)Ⅰ组术后12个月平均静息压、最大静息压、最大耐受容量仍较术前低(P<0.05),但缩榨压接近正常值(P>O.05);5)对照组有1例患者未引出RAIR(Rectoanal inhibitory reflex),各组手术后均有(RAIR)消失,但术后12个月RAIR阳性率较术后3个月明显增加。采用徐忠法的肛门功能主观评估法得出:Ⅰ～Ⅴ组患者术后优良率与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)的分别是:1)术后3个月时有:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组;2)术后6个月时有:Ⅰ、Ⅱ组;3)术后12个月时仅:Ⅰ组;4)其余组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义。结论:在严格遵循保肛手术的适应证及由熟练的手术者操作的前提下、采用合适的术式,吻合口距离肛缘3 cm以上的直肠癌患者术后经过长时间(1年)的修复或排便锻炼都可以保住肛门功能,吻合口距离肛缘5～6 cm以上的直肠癌术后3个月即可基本恢复肛门功能。

经肛拖出式直肠乙状结肠吻合在完全腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中的应用

目的探讨经肛拖出式直肠乙状结肠吻合完全腹腔镜直肠癌根治术的可行性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2016年6月~2018年6月采用拖出式吻合行完全腹腔镜直肠癌根治术22例的临床资料,遵循全直肠系膜切除(total mesorectal excision,TME)原则,充分游离直肠后,经肛将远端直肠外翻拉出体外切除标本,采用反穿刺技术将抵钉座置入近端乙状结肠,完成直肠乙状结肠吻合。结果本组均于腹腔镜下顺利完成Dixon手术,无中转开腹。手术时间160~220 min(平均186 min),置入抵钉座时间12~18 min(平均15 min),术中出血量60~150 ml(平均100 ml),术后住院时间7~11 d(平均9. 2 d)。切除标本远切缘均为阴性。术后未发生吻合口漏、狭窄、出血等并发症,随访5~8个月,未发现肿瘤复发及远处转移。结论采用拖出式吻合施行完全腹腔镜下直肠癌根治术,能够保证足够的下切缘,无腹部辅助切口,安全可行。

腹腔镜改良经肛门结肠肛管吻合术切除低位直肠癌保肛手术的临床疗效分析

目的 分析腹腔镜改良经肛门结肠肛管吻合术（Parks术）治疗低位直肠癌的临床效果.方法 低位直肠癌患者86例,采用腹腔镜下改良Parks术切除肿瘤,结肠肛管吻合,评估其术后并发症、肛门控便、排尿以及性功能状况.结果 术后出现吻合口漏5例,其中吻合口狭窄3例,全部患者随访24 ～48个月,肝、肺转移7例,吻合口局部均无复发,复发死亡2例;术后6个月60.2％ （50/83）患者对排便情况满意,术后1年73.5％（61/83）患者对排便情况满意;术后2年85.4％（70/82）患者对排便情况满意;术后1个月排尿功能障碍发生率为9.6％（8/83）;男性患者术后1个月勃起功能障碍发生率18.0％ （9/50）,射精功能障碍发生率26.0％ （13/50）;66.7％（22/33）女性患者术后3个月对性生活满意.结论 应用腹腔镜下改良Parks术治疗低位直肠癌安全性高、根治效果好,术后患者可获得较满意的控便、排尿及性功能.