The Ili River Delta(IRD)is an ecological security barrier for the Lake Balkhash and an important water conservation area in Central Asia.In this study,we selected the IRD as a typical research area,and simulated the w...The Ili River Delta(IRD)is an ecological security barrier for the Lake Balkhash and an important water conservation area in Central Asia.In this study,we selected the IRD as a typical research area,and simulated the water yield and water conservation from 1975 to 2020 using the water yield module of the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model.We further analyzed the temporal and spatial variations in the water yield and water conservation in the IRD from 1975 to 2020,and investigated the main driving factors(precipitation,potential evapotranspiration,land use/land cover change,and inflow from the Ili River)of the water conservation variation based on the linear regression,piecewise linear regression,and Pearson's correlation coefficient analyses.The results indicated that from 1975 to 2020,the water yield and water conservation in the IRD showed a decreasing trend,and the spatial distribution pattern was"high in the east and low in the west";overall,the water conservation of all land use types decreased slightly.The water conservation volume of grassland was the most reduced,although the area of grassland increased owing to the increased inflow from the Ili River.At the same time,the increased inflow has led to the expansion of wetland areas,the improvement of vegetation growth,and the increase of regional evapotranspiration,thus resulting in an overall reduction in the water conservation.The water conservation depth and precipitation had similar spatial distribution patterns;the change in climate factors was the main reason for the decline in the water conservation function in the delta.The reservoir in the upper reaches of the IRD regulated runoff into the Lake Balkhash,promoted vegetation restoration,and had a positive effect on the water conservation;however,this positive effect cannot offset the negative effect of enhanced evapotranspiration.These results provide a reference for the rational allocation of water resources and ecosystem protection in the IRD.展开更多
水分利用效率(water use efficiency,WUE)是联系生态系统水碳循环耦合关系的重要指标,探明生态系统水分利用效率时空演变特征及其影响因素,对优化区域水、碳资源综合管理和提升生态系统生产力至关重要。基于MODIS遥感数据、CRU气象数据...水分利用效率(water use efficiency,WUE)是联系生态系统水碳循环耦合关系的重要指标,探明生态系统水分利用效率时空演变特征及其影响因素,对优化区域水、碳资源综合管理和提升生态系统生产力至关重要。基于MODIS遥感数据、CRU气象数据以及CCI土地利用数据,利用MK检验与Sen趋势分析以及偏相关分析,探讨了伊犁河⁃巴尔喀什湖流域不同时空尺度生态系统WUE的空间分布与时间变化规律,讨论了其影响因素。结果表明:流域春秋两季与多年平均WUE值从东南部至西北部呈现先增后减再增的变化特征,但夏季恰好相反,而冬季绝大部分区域都接近于0;全流域四季的多年平均WUE由高到低依次为夏季、春季、秋季、冬季;全流域年平均WUE呈略微上升趋势,上升区域主要集中在WUE较低的下游;全流域90%以上区域的夏季年平均WUE呈下降趋势,其中巴尔喀什湖、伊犁河谷与天山山脉附近区域下降趋势显著(P<0.05);上中下游年尺度WUE值依次由高到低变化,且它们的年际变化程度和趋势均不明显;上中下游夏季WUE值的排序与年尺度正好相反,且均呈下降趋势,其中上下游的下降趋势显著(P<0.05);不同区域WUE的年内分配极不均匀,峰值均出现在8月;就影响因素而言,总初级生产力和降水对WUE的影响要分别大于蒸散发和气温。展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071245)the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Innovation Environment Construction Special Project&Science and Technology Innovation Base Construction Project(PT2107)+2 种基金the Third Xinjiang Comprehensive Scientific Survey Project Sub-topic(2021xjkk140305)the Tianshan Talent Training Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022TSYCLJ0011)the K.C.Wong Education Foundation(GJTD-2020-14).
文摘The Ili River Delta(IRD)is an ecological security barrier for the Lake Balkhash and an important water conservation area in Central Asia.In this study,we selected the IRD as a typical research area,and simulated the water yield and water conservation from 1975 to 2020 using the water yield module of the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model.We further analyzed the temporal and spatial variations in the water yield and water conservation in the IRD from 1975 to 2020,and investigated the main driving factors(precipitation,potential evapotranspiration,land use/land cover change,and inflow from the Ili River)of the water conservation variation based on the linear regression,piecewise linear regression,and Pearson's correlation coefficient analyses.The results indicated that from 1975 to 2020,the water yield and water conservation in the IRD showed a decreasing trend,and the spatial distribution pattern was"high in the east and low in the west";overall,the water conservation of all land use types decreased slightly.The water conservation volume of grassland was the most reduced,although the area of grassland increased owing to the increased inflow from the Ili River.At the same time,the increased inflow has led to the expansion of wetland areas,the improvement of vegetation growth,and the increase of regional evapotranspiration,thus resulting in an overall reduction in the water conservation.The water conservation depth and precipitation had similar spatial distribution patterns;the change in climate factors was the main reason for the decline in the water conservation function in the delta.The reservoir in the upper reaches of the IRD regulated runoff into the Lake Balkhash,promoted vegetation restoration,and had a positive effect on the water conservation;however,this positive effect cannot offset the negative effect of enhanced evapotranspiration.These results provide a reference for the rational allocation of water resources and ecosystem protection in the IRD.
文摘水分利用效率(water use efficiency,WUE)是联系生态系统水碳循环耦合关系的重要指标,探明生态系统水分利用效率时空演变特征及其影响因素,对优化区域水、碳资源综合管理和提升生态系统生产力至关重要。基于MODIS遥感数据、CRU气象数据以及CCI土地利用数据,利用MK检验与Sen趋势分析以及偏相关分析,探讨了伊犁河⁃巴尔喀什湖流域不同时空尺度生态系统WUE的空间分布与时间变化规律,讨论了其影响因素。结果表明:流域春秋两季与多年平均WUE值从东南部至西北部呈现先增后减再增的变化特征,但夏季恰好相反,而冬季绝大部分区域都接近于0;全流域四季的多年平均WUE由高到低依次为夏季、春季、秋季、冬季;全流域年平均WUE呈略微上升趋势,上升区域主要集中在WUE较低的下游;全流域90%以上区域的夏季年平均WUE呈下降趋势,其中巴尔喀什湖、伊犁河谷与天山山脉附近区域下降趋势显著(P<0.05);上中下游年尺度WUE值依次由高到低变化,且它们的年际变化程度和趋势均不明显;上中下游夏季WUE值的排序与年尺度正好相反,且均呈下降趋势,其中上下游的下降趋势显著(P<0.05);不同区域WUE的年内分配极不均匀,峰值均出现在8月;就影响因素而言,总初级生产力和降水对WUE的影响要分别大于蒸散发和气温。