Effect of Three Extraction Methods on the Volatile Component of Illicium verum Hook.f.Analyzed by GC-MS

The physical properties and chemical components of three oil samples extracted from Illicium verum Hook. f. by steam distillation （SD）, solvent extraction （SE） and supercritical fluid extraction （SFE） were compared with one another and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry （GC-MS）. The quality parameters of star anise essential oil from SFE were close to that of those came from SD and SE. Although the extraction yield of star anise by SFE （9.2 %） was close to the value from SE （9.3%）, it was yet higher than that came from SD （8.2%）. For sensory evaluation, however, three oils were significantly different. The odor and taste of the products from SFE and SE were generally more natural and vivid than that came from distilled oil. The volatile compound revealed that significant differences of the composition existed in the distilled oil and the oleoresins prepared by SFE and SE.

Central nervous system activity of Illicium verum fruit extracts

Objective:To research the acute toxicity of Illicium verum(I.verum)fruit extracts and its action on central nervous system.Methods:The TLC and HPTLC techniques were used as fingerprints to determine the chemical components present in I.verum.Male albino rats and mice were utilized for study.The powdered material was successively extracted with n-hexane,ethyl acetate and methanol using a Soxhlet extractor.Acute toxicity studies were performed as per OECD guidelines.The CNS activity was evaluated on parameters of general behavior,sleeping pattern,locomotor activity,anxicty and myocoordination activity.The animals were trained for seven days prior to experiments and the divided into five groups with six animals in each.The drug was administered by intraperitoneal route according to body weight.The dosing was done as prescribed in each protocol.Results:Toxicity studies reported 2 000 mg/kg as toxicological dose and 1/10 of the same dose was taken as therapeutic dose Intraperitoneal injection of all extracts at dose of 200 mg prolonged phenobarbitone induced sleeping time,produced alteration in general behavior pattern,reduced locomotor activity and produced anxiolytic effects but the extracts do not significantly alter muscles coordination activity.The three extracts of I.verum at the dose of 200 mg,methanol extract was found to produce more prominent effects,then hexane and ethylacetate extracts.Conclusions:The observation suggested that the extracts of I. verum possess potent CNS depressant action and anxiolytic effect without interfering with motor coordination.

Component analysis of volatile oil from Illicium Verum Hook. f.

Volatile oil was extracted from Illicium Verum Hook. f. by using steam distillation. 41 kinds of compounds were separated and identified by GC/MS, and their relative contents were determined by normalization method. Among 41 identified compounds, there are 14 hydrocarbon components and 22 oxygenated hydrocarbon derivatives, and a small amount of nitrogenous compounds. The main component is anethole, accoun ting for 76.23%, and the other components such as anisyl acetone, anisaldehyde, p allylanisole, p cumic aldehyde and p allylpen take up more than 10%.

New monoterpene phenyl ethers from Illicium micranthum

Seven new monoterpene phenyl ethers,namely micranthumnins A-G(1-7),were isolated from the stem bark of Illicium micranthum(Illiciaceae).Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses including MS,IR,1D and 2D NMR.All compounds were evaluated for their anti-AChE activities.

MUTAGENICITY STUDIES OF FLAVOURING ILLICIUM VERUM

Illicium verum is a flavouring which is used commonly bypeople.According to the result of Ames Assay by Zhao Ze Zhenand his colleagues the Illicium verum possesses definite muta-genicity.Since the Illicium verum has a close relation withpeople’s life,we must treat it carefully.So we have done theSex-linked Recessive Lethal Test in drosophila

Sesquilignans and sesquiterpenoid from the stem barks of Illicium simonsii and their anti-AChE activity

Three new sesquilignans,1-3,a new sesquiterpenoid,4,and three known compounds were isolated from the stem barks of Illicium simonsii.The structures of new compounds(1-4)were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.A biosynthetic pathway was proposed for simonsienols A-C(1-3).Anti-AChE activity and anti-BuChE activity were evaluated for all compounds except forα-cadinol ethyl ether(4).As a result,isodunnianol(7)exhibited anti-AChE activity with an IC50 value of 13.0μM.

八角柱头可授性、花粉活力和座果率分析

为探明八角(Illiciumverum)柱头可授性、花粉活力和座果率的变化,指导杂交育种工作,采用联苯胺-过氧化氢法检测八角花器官在不同发育阶段柱头的可授性,采用TTC染色法检测不同月份开花的花粉活力,同时调查和分析座果率。结果表明,八角花器官在含苞欲放大蕾期柱头已具有可授性,在盛开期柱头开始失去可授性,在凋谢期柱头已失去可授性;盛开期至凋谢期,雄蕊花药开裂并大量散出花粉,说明八角存在雌蕊先熟的生殖特性。在8—10月花期,不同月份开花的花粉中,有活力花粉百分率差异显著,其中8月有活力和强活力花粉百分率分别为90.27%和66.73%,9月有活力和强活力花粉百分率分别为96.62%和63.52%,10月有活力和强活力花粉百分率分别为69.81%和35.63%。不同月份开花的座果率差异显著,8—10月的自然座果率分别为62.41%、76.88%和61.48%;套袋隔离处理后,座果率分别为10.00%、22.22%和4.44%。综合分析认为,9月八角有活力花粉百分率最高,座果率也最高,此时最适合开展八角杂交授粉工作;应选择柱头具有最佳可授性的含苞欲放花蕾作为杂交母本。

Antiviral spirooliganones C and D with a unique spiro[bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,2′-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane]carbon skeleton from the roots of Illicium oligandrum

Two unprecedented polycyclic spirooliganones C and D(1 and 2)with a novel spiro[bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,2′-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane]carbon skeleton,one known dimeric prenylated C_(6)single bondC_(3)compound(3),and a pair of new enantiomeric prenylated C_(6)single bondC_(3)compounds(+)-5 and(−)-5 together with their direct precursors(+)-4 and(−)-4 were isolated from the roots of Illicium oligandrum.Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis,single crystal X-ray diffraction data,and electronic circular dichroism calculations.A possible biosynthetic pathway for compounds 1 and 2 involving the Diels-Alder reaction between(−)-sabinene and cyclic prenylated tetrahydropyrano-type C_(6)single bondC_(3)compounds was proposed.The characteristic prenylated C_(6)single bondC_(3)compounds(+)-4 and(−)-4 were separated on a chiral stationary phase and their absolute configurations were determined by calculated ECD for the first time.In the antiviral bioassays,compounds 1 and(+)-5 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against CVB3 with IC_(50)values of 11.11μmol/L and 1.11μmol/L,respectively.Compounds 1 and 2 also showed moderate inhibition against influenza A(H1N1)virus.

Isolation and Identification of Bioactive Constituents from Stem Barks of Illicium difengpi

Objective To isolate and identify bioactive constituents from the stem barks of I//icium difengpi. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by repeated silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, recrystallization, and preparative HPLC techniques. The structures of the compounds were identified on the basis of spectral data including NMR, MS, and IR. Results Two sesquiterpene lactones, majucin （I） and anisatin （2）, two steroids, l^-sitosterol （3） and daucosterol （4）, three carboxylic acids, 2-ethyldecanoic acid （5）, shikimic acid （6）, and 3,4-dihydrobenzoic acid （7）, and a flavonoid, quercetin （8）, were successively isolated from the stem barks of L difengpL Conclusion Apart from compound 3, other seven compounds are reported in this plant for the first time. The results suggested that the current studies on L difengpi is still far from being well known and therefore more studies need to be done for better understanding of this plant.

A new sesquiterpene lactone from the fruits of Illicium henryi

AIM: To study the chemical constituents of the fruits of Illicium henryi. METHOD: Chromatographic separations on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 gel and MCI gel were used to isolate the compounds. The structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic data analyses. RESULTS: Seven compounds were obtained and their structures were identified as 10-benzoyl-cycloparvifloralone(1), cycloparvifloralone(2), 2α-hydroxycycloparviforalone(3), henrylactone B(4), merrillianone(5), henrylactone C(6) and 7, 14-ortholactone-3-hydroxyfloridanolide(7). CONCLUSION: Compound 1 is a new sesquiterpene lactone. The tested compounds showed weak anti-HBV activities on HBV surface antigen(HBsAg) secretion and HBV e antigen(HBeAg) secretion using Hep G2.2.15 cell line.

A new sesquiterpene lactone and a new aromatic glycoside from Illicium difengpi

A new sesquiterpene lactone(1)and a new aromatic glycoside(2),together with three known compounds(3–5)were isolated from the stem bark of Illicium difengpi K.I.B et K.I.M.Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods,including 1D and 2D NMR,HRESIMS,and chemical methods.The absolute configuration of the secondary alcohol in 1 was confirmed by Mosher’s method.Compound 2 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 value of 6.72 mmol/L.

光氮互作对八角幼苗生长和生理特性的影响

为给八角(Illicium verum)壮苗培育提供参考,以半年生八角幼苗为试验材料,采用3种光照强度[100%NS(Natural Sunlight)、72.8%NS和46.3%NS]和4种氮素水平(0、200、400和600毫克/株)双因素试验,探究光氮互作对八角幼苗生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明,光照强度对株高、地径、叶绿素含量、渗透调节物质含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响均最大。在同一氮素水平下,随光照强度降低,除L0N0~L2N0处理的株高增量外,L0N1~L2N1、L0N2~L2N2和L0N3~L2N3处理的株高增量均呈先升后降的趋势;L0N0~L2N0和L0N2~L2N2处理的地径增量均呈先升后降的趋势,L0N1~L2N1和L0N3~L2N3处理的地径增量均下降;L0N1~L2N1处理的叶绿素含量呈先升后降的趋势,L0N0~L2N0、L0N2~L2N2和L0N3~L2N3处理的叶绿素含量均升高;L0N0~L2N0和L0N1~L2N1处理的可溶性糖含量均下降,L0N2~L2N2和L0N3~L2N3处理的可溶性糖含量均呈先升后降的趋势;L0N0~L2N0处理的可溶性蛋白和MDA含量均下降,L0N1~L2N1、L0N2~L2N2和L0N3~L2N3处理的可溶性蛋白和MDA含量均呈先降后升的趋势;L0N0~L2N0和L0N3~L2N3处理的SOD活性均呈先降后升的趋势,L0N1~L2N1和L0N2~L2N2处理的SOD活性均下降;不同处理的干重和POD活性均呈先升后降的趋势。隶属函数分析表明,L1N1(72.8%NS,200毫克/株氮素)处理的八角幼苗生长最优。

Geranyl phenyl ethers from Illicium micranthum and their anti-HBV activity

Fourteen new geranyl phenyl ethers(1–14)along with three known compounds(15–17)were isolated from Illicium micranthum,and their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic methods.Illimicranins A–H(1–8)were characterized as geranyl vanillin ethers,while 9 and 10 were dimethyl acetal derivatives.Illimicranins I and J(11 and 12)were rare geranyl isoeugenol ethers.Illimicranins K and L(13 and 14)represented the first example of geranyl guaiacylacetone ether and geranyl zingerone ether,respectively.Compounds 1,2 and 15 exhibited anti-HBV(hepatitis B virus)activity against HBsAg(hepatitis B surface antigen)and HBeAg(hepatitis B e antigen)secretion,and HBV DNA replication.

Sesquiterpenes and prenylated C_6–C_3 compounds from the stems of Illicium henryi

One new sesquiterpene compound, namely, illihenlactone A（1）, and one new prenylated C6–C3 compound, illihenryione H（2）, along with three known sesquiterpenes（3–5） were isolated from the stems of Illicium henryi. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic evidence including NMR, HRESIMS and circular dichroism（CD）. Compound 2 exhibited a weak inhibitory ratio for bglucuronidase release induced by platelet-activating factor（PAF） in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes（PMNs） in vitro.

香卿止痛喷雾剂质量标准提升研究

目的提升香卿止痛喷雾剂的质量标准。方法采用薄层色谱(TLC)法对制剂中的红茴香和徐长卿进行定性鉴别。采用顶空气相色谱(HS-GC)法测定制剂中的乙醇、甲醇含量,色谱柱为Agilent HP-5毛细管柱(30 m×0.32 mm,0.25μm),固定液为5%二苯基-95%二甲基聚硅氧烷;程序升温(40℃维持2 min,以3℃/min的速率升至65℃,再以25℃/min的速率升至200℃,维持15 min);进样器温度为200℃,检测器温度为220℃;顶空分流进样,顶空进样量为1 mL,平衡温度为85℃,恒温时间为20 min,分流比为100∶1;定量环温度为85℃,传输线温度为110℃。结果红茴香和徐长卿的TLC图斑点清晰,分离度好,且阴性对照无干扰。乙醇、甲醇体积分数分别在0.025%~0.4%(R^(2)=1.0000)和0.005%~0.16%(R^(2)=0.9992)范围内与乙醇/正丙醇峰面积值、甲醇峰面积线性关系良好;精密度、稳定性、重复性试验结果的RSD均不超过10.91%;平均加样回收率分别为104.06%和110.00%,RSD分别为2.52%(n=9)和4.74%(n=6)。结论所建立的方法简单可行,专属性强,稳定性好,可用于香卿止痛喷雾剂的质量控制。

Phytochemical study of Illicium angustisepalum and its biological activities

Sixteen compounds, including two new natural products(1 and 2), were obtained from the twigs of Illicium angustisepalum. The structures were elucidated based on NMR, MS, IR data and optical rotation values. Compounds 4,5,6 and 8 displayed moderate antibacterial activities against clinical isolates; compounds 4,5,8,9 and 15 protected neural cells against oxidative stress; and compounds 10 and 14 exhibited anti-acetylcholinesterase activity.

八角低产林改造技术及其推广应用

八角低产林的改造问题是现阶段八角种植的重难点,该文通过对广西河池市巴马县八角种植情况的介绍,简要分析八角低产林形成的原因,并从优选树种、调整种植密度、加强病虫害防治、科学施肥与追肥等方面提出解决办法,加强种植技术培训,以期为切实提高八角种植的产量和质量提供参考。

Stereoselective Synthesis of a Common 3-Oxabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-2-one Core Building Block Toward Illicium Sesquiterpenes via Desymmetrization

Illicium is a genus of flowering plants treated as part of the family Schisandraceae. It has a disjunct distribution with most species native to East Asia and several in parts of North America. Illicium is well known as the source for highly oxygenated polycyclic sesquiterpenes exhibiting diverse bio- logical activities.

八角茴香提取液对褐飞虱驱避、触杀、熏蒸活性分析

通过索式提取法获得了八角茴香粉末的无水乙醇提取液,测定了提取液对褐飞虱的驱避、触杀、熏蒸活性等影响。结果表明,与对照水稻相比,褐飞虱在八角茴香提取液处理的水稻上取食和产卵都极显著减少(P<0.01),产卵量分别仅为对照水稻的36.11%,产卵忌避率达46.94%;而48 h内拒食率为35.38%~66.78%。八角茴香提取液对褐飞虱若虫具一定的熏蒸活性,24 h和48 h平均校正死亡率分别为9.62%和13.98%,两者间无显著差异。几率值法测定八角茴香提取液对褐飞虱若虫触杀活性较好,致死中浓度LC_(50)分别为7.04和4.69 mg·mL^(-1)。说明八角茴香中存在对褐飞虱行为调控和杀虫活性物质,具有作为植物源杀虫剂用于田间防控褐飞虱的潜在价值。

红茴香提取物干预骨质疏松性大鼠骨折后的血管生成

背景:红茴香提取物是一种具有消炎镇痛和活血化瘀等功效的中药制剂,其乙醇提取物对大鼠软组织损伤具有显著疗效,而红茴香是否对骨质疏松性骨折具有治疗效果尚未报道。目的:探讨红茴香提取物对骨质疏松性骨折大鼠血管生成的保护作用及可能机制。方法:①体内实验:应用去势法和闭合性骨折法建立骨质疏松性骨折大鼠模型。36只健康雌性SD大鼠随机选取30只分为假手术组、模型组和红茴香提取物组(建模后给予0.05 mL/kg红茴香提取物),每组10只,其余6只纳入空白对照组。采用双能X射线和三点弯曲力学试验法检测大鼠股骨骨密度值和股骨弹性段终点载荷;苏木精-伊红染色法测定骨痂组织血管数量和血管面积;ELISA法检测血清中血管内皮生长因子、碱性成纤细胞生长因子、血小板衍生生长因子和一氧化氮水平。②体外实验:对人微血管内皮细胞进行药物干预,分为对照组、红茴香提取物(50,100或200 mg/L)组、Vector+二甲基亚砜组、NRF1过表达组、LY294002(10μmol/L)组和NRF1过表达+LY294002组。MTT法检测人微血管内皮细胞增殖;Transwell法检测人微血管内皮细胞迁移率;血管生成实验检测人微血管内皮细胞血管生成;Western blot法检测人微血管内皮细胞中NRF1,PI3K,p-PI3K,AKT和p-AKT蛋白表达,ELISA法检测人微血管内皮细胞中血管内皮生长因子、碱性成纤细胞生长因子、血小板衍生生长因子和一氧化氮水平。结果与结论:①红茴香提取物改善了骨质疏松大鼠股骨骨密度和最大负荷(P<0.05),增加骨痂组织中血管数量、血管面积和血清中血管形成相关因子水平(P<0.05)。②红茴香提取物能促进人微血管内皮细胞中NRF1、p-PI3K和p-AKT蛋白表达(P<0.05),促进人微血管内皮细胞增殖、迁移率、血管生成和血管形成相关因子水平(P<0.05),NRF1过表达可起到相同作用,但LY294002处理可逆转NRF1过表达的作用。③结果说明,红茴香提取物可能通过提高NRF1蛋白表达、激活PI3K/AKT信号通路,对骨质疏松性骨折大鼠血管生成起到一定的促进作用。