Prognostic potential of an immune score based on the density of CD8＋ T cells, CD20＋ B cells, and CD33＋/p-STAT1＋ double-positive cells and HMGB1 expression within cancer nests in stage ⅢA gastric cancer patients

Objoctive： There is heterogeneity in the prognosis of gastric cancers staged according to the tumornodes-metastasis （TNM） system. This study evaluated the prognostic potential of an immune score system to supplement the TNM staging system. Mothodsg An immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to assess the density of T cells, B cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells （MDSCs） in cancer tissues from 100 stage IIIA gastric cancer patients; the expression of the high-mobility group protein B1 （HMGB1） was also evaluated in cancer cells. The relationship between the overall survival （OS）, disease-free survival （DFS）, and immunological parameters was analyzed.Results： An immune score system was compiled based on the prognostic role of the density ofT cells, B cells, MDSCs, and the expression of HMGB1 in cancer tissues. The median 5-year survival of this group of patient was 32%. However, the 5-year survival rates of 80.0%, 51.7%, 0%, 5.8%, and 0% varied among the patients with an immune score of 4 to those with an immune score of 0 based on the immune score system, respectively. Similarly, differences in DFS rates were observed among the immune score subgroups. Concluslons： An immune score system could effectively identify the prognostic heterogeneity within stage IliA gastric cancer patients, implying that this immune score system may potentially supplement the TNM staging system, and help in identifying a more homogeneous group of patients who on the basis of prognosis can undergo adjuvant therapy.

PLA2G2D and CHIT1: Potential biomarkers for immune infiltration and prognosis in cervical squamous cell carcinoma

Objective:The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with immunity and prognosis in patients with cervical cancer.Materials and methods:Data from patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma(CESC)were retrieved from the UCSC Xena database and subjected to analysis.Gene sets representing 22 types of immunocytes were acquired,and immunocytes relevant to prognosis were identified.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)was utilized to identify gene modules associated with prognosis-related immunocytes and to construct immune-related gene markers.Differentially expressed genes were then screened,and the association between immune score and biological function of immune-related gene markers was analyzed.Furthermore,tissue samples from cervical cancer patients in Northeast China were collected to validate the expression of two genes using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry.Results:This study identified 10 immunocytes significantly correlated with overall survival time in patients.Six gene modules were identified as significantly associated with prognosis-related immunocytes,with gene module 6 showing relevance to all prognosis-related immunocytes.Gene module 6 was related to all prognosis-related immunocytes.Moreover,two genes(including PLA2G2D and CHIT1)were found to be significantly associated with overall survival in cancer patients.Patients with CESC were classified into high and low immune score groups based on the median score of gene markers.Correlation analysis of the immune score and biological function was performed.Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR results revealed high expression of CHIT1 and PLA2G2D in CESC tumor tissues.Conclusion:PLA2G2D and CHIT1 show promise as biomarkers for evaluating immune infiltration and prognosis in patients with cervical cancer.