Immunoglobulin G4-related spinal pachymeningitis:A case report

BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin G4-related disease(IgG4-RD)is a complex immune-mediated condition that causes fibrotic inflammation in several organs.A significant clinical feature of IgG4-RD is hypertrophic pachymeningitis,which manifests as inflammation of the dura mater in intracranial or spinal regions.Although IgG4-RD can affect multiple areas,the spine is a relatively rare site compared to the more frequent involvement of intracranial structures.CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old male presented to our hospital with a two-day history of fever,altered mental status,and generalized weakness.The initial brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed multiple small infarcts across various cerebral regions.On the second day after admission,a physical examination revealed motor weakness in both lower extremities and diminished sensation in the right lower extremity.Electromyographic evaluation revealed findings consistent with acute motor sensory neuropathy.Despite initial management with intravenous immunoglobulin for presumed Guillain-Barrésyndrome,the patient exhibited progressive worsening of motor deficits.On the 45th day of hospitalization,an enhanced MRI of the entire spine,focusing specifically on the thoracic 9 to lumbar 1 vertebral level,raised the suspicion of IgG4-related spinal pachymeningitis.Subsequently,the patient was administered oral prednisolone and participated in a comprehensive rehabilitation program that included gait training and lower extremity strengthening exercises.CONCLUSION IgG4-related spinal pachymeningitis,diagnosed on MRI,was treated with corticosteroids and a structured rehabilitation regimen,leading to significant improvement.

Parameterization Transfer for a Planar Computational Domain in Isogeometric Analysis

In this paper,we propose a parameterization transfer algorithm for planar domains bounded by B-spline curves,where the shapes of the planar domains are similar.The domain geometries are considered to be similar if their simplified skeletons have the same structures.One domain we call source domain,and it is parameterized using multi-patch B-spline surfaces.The resulting parameterization is C1 continuous in the regular region and G1 continuous around singular points regardless of whether the parameterization of the source domain is C1/G1 continuous or not.In this algorithm,boundary control points of the source domain are extracted from its parameterization as sequential points,and we establish a correspondence between sequential boundary control points of the source domain and the target boundary through discrete sampling and fitting.Transfer of the parametrization satisfies C1/G1 continuity under discrete harmonic mapping with continuous constraints.The new algorithm has a lower calculation cost than a decomposition-based parameterization with a high-quality parameterization result.We demonstrate that the result of the parameterization transfer in this paper can be applied in isogeometric analysis.Moreover,because of the consistency of the parameterization for the two models,this method can be applied in many other geometry processing algorithms,such as morphing and deformation.

Performance Analysis of the Packet-Based PNT Service in NGSO Broadband Satellite Communication Systems

Providing alternative PNT service to GNSS-challenged users will be an important function of next-generation NGSO broadband satellite communication systems.Herein,a packet-based PNT service architecture in NGSO broadband systems is proposed in which a primary satellite and selected assistant satellites work together to provide PNT service to requesting users.Its positioning performance bounds are mathematically formulated by rigorously analyzing the bounds constrained by different waveforms.Simulations are conducted on different configurations of Walker Delta MEO constellations and Walker Star LEO constellations for corroboration,revealing the following:(1)Both MEO and LEO constellations achieve sub-meter-level positioning precision given enough satellites.(2)Compared to the GNSS Doppler-based velocity estimation method,the position advance based velocity estimation algorithm is more precise and applicable to the PNT service in NGSO broadband systems.(3)To provide PNT service to users in GNSS-challenged environments,the primary and each assistant satellite need only∼0.1‰of the time of one downlink beam.

Towards Fully Secure 5G Ultra-Low Latency Communications: A Cost-Security Functions Analysis

Future components to enhance the basic,native security of 5G networks are either complex mechanisms whose impact in the requiring 5G communications are not considered,or lightweight solutions adapted to ultrareliable low-latency communications(URLLC)but whose security properties remain under discussion.Although different 5G network slices may have different requirements,in general,both visions seem to fall short at provisioning secure URLLC in the future.In this work we address this challenge,by introducing cost-security functions as a method to evaluate the performance and adequacy of most developed and employed non-native enhanced security mechanisms in 5G networks.We categorize those new security components into different groups according to their purpose and deployment scope.We propose to analyze them in the context of existing 5G architectures using two different approaches.First,using model checking techniques,we will evaluate the probability of an attacker to be successful against each security solution.Second,using analytical models,we will analyze the impact of these security mechanisms in terms of delay,throughput consumption,and reliability.Finally,we will combine both approaches using stochastic cost-security functions and the PRISM model checker to create a global picture.Our results are first evidence of how a 5G network that covers and strengthened all security areas through enhanced,dedicated non-native mechanisms could only guarantee secure URLLC with a probability of∼55%.

Association of neuroelectrophysiology and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulin with pathogenetic conditions of patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome

BACKGROUND： Guillain-Barre syndrome （GBS） is an autoimmune disease which is characterized by demyelination of peripheral nerve and nerve root, and inflammatory reaction of lymphocyte and macrophage. Neuroelectrophysiological examination and cerebrospinal fluid （CSF） analysis are of significance for its diagnosis. OBJECTIVE： To study the association of neuroelectrophysiology and cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulin （CSF-lg） with pathogenetic conditions of patients with GBS. DESIGN： Case control study SETTING： Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Municipal Shekou Group Hospital; Department of Neuroelectrophysiology, People＇s Hospital of Guangdong Province. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 32 GBS patients including 18 males and 14 females who aged from 17 to 72 years were selected as experimental group from the Department of Neurology, People＇s Hospital of Guang- dong Province from January 2004 to December 2005. All cases conformed with GBS diagnostic criteria established by Asbury in 1990 and they were divided into three types according to neurological criteria established by Chinese Neurology and Psychology Journal in 1993： mild, moderate and severe types. Another 30 patients with vascular headache were selected as control group from the same hospital including 14 males and 16 females who aged from 17 to 79 years. METHODS： ① Neuroelectrophysiological examination： Multiple-functional electromyography device provided by Nicolet Company, USA was used to measure nerve conduction velocity （NCV）, including motor nerve conduction velocity （MCV） and sensory nerve conduction velocity （SCV）; meanwhile, electromyologram （EMG）, somatosensory evoked potential （SEP） and electroencephalogram （EEG） were also measured. ② Detection of CSF-lg： Concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM were measured with immunofixation electrophoresis. ③Follow-up： Among 32 GBS patients, 14 cases received follow-up after treatment and the longest fol- low-up time was 1 year after onset. Among them, 8 cases were reexaminined with neuroelectrophysiological and CSF examinations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Results of NCV, EMG, SEP and EEG; comparison of CSF-lg content; results of follow-up examinations. RESULTS： All 32 GBS cases and 30 patients with vascular headache were involved in the final analysis. ① Abnormal rate of neuroelectrophysiological test： 75% of NCV, 88% of F-wave, 53% of MCV, 25% of SEP, 47% of EMG and 31% of EEG. There were no significant differences among various types （P 〉 0.05）. ② Results of CSF-lg test： There were no significant differences among various types （P 〉 0.05）; however, abnormalities in experimental group was higher than those in control group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION ： Results of follow-up study suggest that improvement of clinical symptom is earlier than neuroelectrophysiological recovery; MCV and EMG recoveries are faster than that of NCV; the earlier the abnormality of EMG, the poorer the recovery. CSF4g recovers normally along improvement of clinical symptoms. It is of significance for neuroelectrophysiology and abnormality of CSF-Ig to determine degree of peripheral nerve demyelination and prognosis.

奶牛小肠上皮细胞系细胞染色体核型与G-带分析

为了鉴定奶牛小肠上皮细胞系(BIECs-21)的生物学遗传稳定性,体外贴壁培养BIECs-21细胞,制备染色体标本和G-带标本,分析BIECs-21细胞的染色体核型和G-带。结果表明:BIECs-21细胞染色体数为2n=60,包括常染色体29对和性染色体(X和Y染色体)1对。其中,29对常染色体均为端部着丝点染色体;性染色体中,X染色体是较大的中着丝粒染色体,Y染色体是较小的中着丝粒染色体。除X、Y性染色体外,BIECs-21细胞常染色体的G-带带纹的数量和位置无显著差异。BIECs-21细胞与荷斯坦牛的正常染色体核型相比,染色体数目及形态结构均没有明显变化,证明该细胞系遗传特性稳定,可以用于牛肠道相关疾病分子机制的研究。

嵌合流行毒株G-H环基因重组口蹄疫病毒的拯救及其免疫原性分析

为了研究能有效免疫防控当前流行的O型3个拓扑型口蹄疫病毒(foot-and-mouth disease virus,FMDV)的疫苗候选株,本研究利用FMDV反向遗传操作技术,通过基因替换,构建同时含当前流行的O型三个拓扑型病毒株结构蛋白基因的重组全长克隆,转染表达T7RNA聚合酶的细胞后拯救重组FMDV,分析结构蛋白基因的重构对病毒生物学特性的影响;拯救病毒制备灭活疫苗,免疫猪和牛,用体外中和试验初步研究其作为O型FMD疫苗候选株的潜力。结果表明FMD流行毒株结构蛋白VP1 G-H环基因的替换没有明显影响重组病毒的噬斑表型和复制能力,但不同FMDV G-H环抗原表位对猪诱导机体产生交叉中和抗体水平影响较大,对牛诱导机体产生交叉中和抗体的影响较小,表明FMDV G-H抗原表位是猪免疫优势的表位。本研究为未来FMDV疫苗的设计提供了重要参考。

丙型肝炎病毒IgG抗体阳性者确诊丙型肝炎的高危因素分析及列线图预测模型构建

目的分析丙型肝炎(丙肝)病毒(HCV)免疫球蛋白G(IgG)抗体阳性者中确诊HCV的高危因素,同时建立列线图(nomogram)预测模型,为基层医疗机构丙肝的临床诊断和转诊决策提供依据。方法回顾性收集2022年1月—2023年10月住院筛查患者中同时进行HCV\|RNA、HCV-IgG抗体、肝功能和血常规检测HCV-IgG抗体阳性者的人口学特征及丙肝相关各项指标。采用logistic回归分析HCV-IgG抗体阳性者确诊丙肝的高危因素,并构建nomogram模型,分别采用一致性系数和校准曲线评估模型的预测性能和符合度。结果394例HCV-IgG抗体阳性者中,HCV-RNA阳性率为30.2%。多因素logistic分析显示,在HCV-IgG抗体阳性的人群中,HCV-IgG≥5.0 S/CO、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)>35 U/L和有肝炎相关临床症状为HCV-RNA阳性的独立危险因素,其OR值分别为233.926(95%CI:31.814~1720.046)、4.079(95%CI:2.105~7.904)和5.295(95%CI:1.505~18.634)。用于预测HCV-RNA阳性的nomogram模型准确度为0.923,灵敏度为99.2%,特异度为74.5%。结论基于HCV-IgG抗体、AST和肝炎相关临床症状的nomogram模型具有高准确度,可用于指导临床医生判断HCV-IgG抗体阳性者确诊HCV感染的风险。

Performance analysis in 3G/ad hoc integrated network

An analytical approach to evaluate the performance of the 3G/ad hoc integrated network is presented. A channel model capturing both path loss and shadowing is applied to the analysis so as to characterize power falloff vs. distance. The 3G/ad hoc integrated network scenario model is introduced briefly. Based on this model, several performances of the 3G/ ad hoc integrated network in terms of outage probability, call dropping probability and new call blocking probability are evaluated. The corresponding performance formulae are deduced in accordance with the analytical models. Meanwhile, the formula of the 3G/ad hoc integrated network capacity is deduced on the basis of the formula of the outage probability. It is observed from extensive simulation and numerical analysis that the 3G/ad hoc integrated network remarkably outperforms the 3G network with regards to the network performance. This derived evaluation approach can be applied into planning and optimization of the 3G/ad hoc network.

复发性口腔溃疡患者食物不耐受特异性IgG抗体检测特征分析

目的分析复发性口腔溃疡(ROU)患者食物不耐受特异性免疫球蛋白G(IgG)抗体检测特征结果,以期为ROU患者对食物不耐受的诊断和治疗提供依据。方法采用回顾性分析,选取2020年1月至2023年12月在郑州大学第一附属医院门诊就诊的1975例ROU患者为研究对象,收集患者的一般资料,统计患者食物不耐受特异性IgG抗体检测结果,比较不同年龄、不同性别患者食物不耐受的抗体检测结果差异。结果血清IgG阳性率最高的前5种食物分别是鸡蛋(47.34%)、牛奶(31.14%)、小麦(21.87%)、大豆(21.22%)、西红柿(10.38%),其中牛肉(0.46%)、猪肉(0.56%)、鸡肉(1.37%)、虾(1.82%)的血清IgG阳性率较低。女性受试者对鳕鱼、鸡蛋、牛奶3种食物的不耐受阳性率显著高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄患者在鸡肉、鳕鱼、鸡蛋、蘑菇、牛奶、虾、大豆、小麦8种食物中的不耐受阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);未成年组对鸡蛋、牛奶、大豆、小麦4种食物的不耐受阳性率高于中青年组和老年组,对虾、蘑菇的不耐受阳性率低于中青年组和老年组,对鸡肉的不耐受阳性率显著高于中青年组,对鳕鱼的不耐受阳性率显著高于老年组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ROU患者发生食物不耐受的概率较高,食物不耐受与患者的性别和年龄有一定关系,及早对ROU患者进行食物血清特异性IgG抗体检测,可及时发现患者不耐受的食物以调整饮食,避免食源性的机体免疫反应。

Clinical characteristics and outcome of autoimmune pancreatitis based on serum immunoglobulin G4 level:A single-center,retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)has been linked with elevated immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 levels.The characteristics and outcomes of AIP based on serum markers have not been fully evaluated.AIM To compare clinical features,treatment efficacy,and outcome of AIP based on serum IgG4 levels and analyze predictors of relapse.METHODS A total of 213 patients with AIP were consecutively reviewed in our hospital from 2006 to 2021.According to the serum IgG4 level,all patients were divided into two groups,the abnormal group(n=148)with a high level of IgG4[>2×upper limit of normal(ULN)]and the normal group(n=65).The t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables.Categorical parameters were compared by theχ^(2) test or Fisher’s exact test.Kaplan-Meier curves Zhou GZ et al.Clinical characteristics and outcome of AIP WJG https://www.wjgnet.com 5126 September 21,2023 Volume 29 Issue 35 and log-rank tests were established to assess the cumulative relapse rates.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate potential risk factors of AIP relapse.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the abnormal group had a higher average male age(60.3±10.4 vs 56.5±12.9 years,P=0.047);higher level of serum total protein(72.5±7.9 g/L vs 67.2±7.5 g/L,P<0.001),IgG4(1420.5±1110.9 mg/dL vs 252.7±106.6 mg/dL,P<0.001),and IgE(635.6±958.1 IU/mL vs 231.7±352.5 IU/mL,P=0.002);and a lower level of serum complement C3(100.6±36.2 mg/dL vs 119.0±45.7 mg/dL,P=0.050).In addition,a lower number of cases with abnormal pancreatic duct and pancreatic atrophy(23.6%vs 37.9%,P=0.045;1.6%vs 8.6%,P=0.020,respectively)and a higher rate of relapse(17.6%vs 6.2%,P=0.030)were seen in the abnormal group.Multivariate analyses revealed that serum IgG4[(>2×ULN),hazard ratio(HR):3.583;95%confidence interval(CI):1.218–10.545;P=0.020]and IgA(>1×ULN;HR:5.908;95%CI:1.199–29.120;P=0.029)and age>55 years(HR:2.383;95%CI:1.056–5.378;P=0.036)were independent risk factors of relapse.CONCLUSION AIP patients with high IgG4 levels have clinical features including a more active immune system and higher relapse rate.Several factors,such as IgG4 and IgA,are associated with relapse.

Analysis of Gettysburg Address

In discourse analysis,different analyzer uses different ways to analyze discourse.This essay analyzes Gettysburg Address theoretically and practically based on Function Grammar proposed by M.A.K.Halliday.It aims to explore rather than literal meaning of the Address from different language structures by adopting some theories in Functional Grammar.

IgG4相关肾病患者血清IgG4表达水平与肾功能、微炎症状态的相关性分析

目的分析IgG4相关肾病患者血清IgG4水平与肾功能、微炎症状态的相关性。方法选取内蒙古医科大学附属医院2018年1月至2022年8月收治的60例IgG4相关肾病患者记为研究组,另基于倾向性匹配法按照1∶1的比例选取60名健康志愿者记为对照组。2组受试者均检测血清IgG4水平、肾功能指标[血肌酐(serum creatinine,Scr)、血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、估算肾小球滤过率(estimated glomerular filtration rate,eGFR)、24 h尿蛋白定量(24 h urinary total protein quantification,24 hUTP)]和微炎症状态[白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)6、超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)]。比较2组受试者血清IgG4、肾功能及微炎症状态指标;Pearson法分析研究组中患者血清IgG4水平与肾功能、微炎症状态的相关性;Logistic回归分析确定患者肾功能不全的危险因素。结果研究组血清IgG4[(67.75±18.63)mg/L比(6.54±1.19)mg/L]、Scr[(182.75±32.69)μmol/L比(75.40±15.61)μmol/L]、BUN[(10.15±2.90)mmol/L比(5.28±1.04)mmol/L]、IL-6[(5.18±1.04)ng/L比(0.40±0.05)ng/L]、hs-CRP[(24.69±5.06)mg/L比(4.58±0.92)mg/L]、TNF-α[(6.85±1.79)μg/L比(1.18±0.21)μg/L]和24 hUTP[(182.75±32.69)mg比(89.75±12.36)mg]水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),eGFR低于对照组[(90.10±9.87)mL·min^(-1)·(1.73 m^(2))-1比(104.36±20.15)mL·min^(-1)·(1.73 m^(2))^(-1),P<0.05];研究组血清IgG4水平与Scr、BUN、24 hUTP、IL-6、hs-CRP、TNF-α均呈正相关(r=0.586、0.543、0.575、0.602、0.596、0.574,P<0.05),与eGFR呈负相关(r=-0.602,P=0.001);研究组肾功能不全发生率为78.33%,病程、合并高血压、血清IgG4水平均是肾功能不全发生的影响因素(OR=3.190、2.401、3.466,P<0.05)。结论IgG4相关肾病患者血清IgG4升高,且与肾功能、微炎症状态均有关,病程、合并高血压、血清IgG4水平均是肾功能不全发生的影响因素。

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of autoimmune pancreatitis based on serum immunoglobulin G4 levels:A single-center,retrospective cohort study

Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)is a complex,poorly understood disease gaining increasing attention."Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of AIP Based on Serum IgG4 levels,"investigated AIP with a focus on serum immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 levels.The 213 patients with AIP were classified according to serum IgG4 levels:Abnormal(elevated)and normal.Patients with higher IgG4 levels exhibited a more active immune system and increased relapse rates.Beyond IgG4,the IgA levels and age independently contributed to relapse risk,guiding risk assessment and tailored treatments for better outcomes.However,limitations persist,such as no IgA correlation with IgG4 levels,absent data on autoantibodypositive AIP cases critical for Asian diagnostic criteria,and unexplored relapse rates in high serum IgG AIP by subtype.Genetic factors and family histories were not addressed.As the understanding and referral of seronegative AIPs increase,there's a growing need for commercially available,highly sensitive,and specific autoantibodies to aid in diagnosing individuals with low or absent serum IgG4 levels.

高效液相色谱法检测牛奶中免疫球蛋白G含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法检测牛奶中免疫球蛋白G含量的分析方法。方法样品加pH为7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液提取,于12000 r/min下离心10 min,经玻璃纤维滤纸过滤,取滤液用1 mL规格的Protein G亲和柱净化,用4 mL pH为2.5的洗脱液定容,过滤膜,以BEH C_(4)为色谱柱,柱温65℃,以三氟乙酸水溶液、三氟乙酸乙腈溶液为流动相,流速设置为1.5 mL/min,进样量30μL,在波长为280 nm下用高效液相色谱仪进行测定。结果免疫球蛋白G质量浓度在5.0~200.0mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r^(2)大于0.999,方法定量限(limits of quantification,LOQs)为10.0 mg/kg。当加标浓度在100.0~400.0 mg/kg范围内,加标回收率在97.2%~103.6%之间,相对标准偏差在2.5%~5.9%之间。结论依据化学分析方法验证指南(GB/T27417—2017《合格评定化学分析方法确认和验证指南》),确认所建立的分析方法具有足够的准确性和重复性。该方法可为准确检测牛奶中免疫球蛋白G含量提供技术支持。

Power Allocation and Performance Analysis of the Collaborative NOMA Assisted Relaying Systems in 5G

Serving multiple cell-edge mobile terminals poses multifaceted challenges due to the increased transmission power and interferences, which could be overcome by relay communications. With the recent advancement of 5G technologies, non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA) has been used at relay node to transmit multiple messages simultaneously to multiple cell-edge users. In this paper, a Collaborative NOMA Assisted Relaying(CNAR) system for 5G is proposed by enabling the collaboration of source-relay(S-R) and relay-destination(R-D) NOMA links. The relay node of the CNAR decodes the message for itself from S-R NOMA signal and transmits the remaining messages to the multiple cell-edge users in R-D link. A simplified-CNAR(S-CNAR) system is then developed to reduce the relay complexity. The outage probabilities for both systems are analyzed by considering outage behaviors in S-R and R-D links separately. To guarantee the data rate, the optimal power allocation among NOMA users is achieved by minimizing the outage probability. The ergodic sum capacity in high SNR regime is also approximated. Our mathematical analysis and simulation results show that CNAR system outperforms existing transmission strategies and S-CNAR reaches similar performance with much lower complexity.

Understanding autoimmune pancreatitis: Clinical features, management challenges, and association with malignancies

In this editorial we comment on the article by Jaber et al.Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)represents a distinct form of pancreatitis,categorized into AIP-1 and AIP-2,characterized by obstructive jaundice,lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate,and fibrosis.AIP-1,associated with elevated immunoglobulin G4(IgG4)levels,exhibits higher relapse rates,affecting older males,while AIP-2 is less common and linked to inflammatory bowel disease.AIP is considered a manifestation of IgG4-related systemic disease,sharing characteristic histological findings.Steroids are the primary treatment,with emerging biomarkers like interferon alpha and inter-leukin-33.AIP poses an increased risk of various malignancies,and the assoc-iation with pancreatic cancer is debated.Surgery is reserved for severe cases,necessitating careful evaluation due to diagnostic challenges.AIP patients may have concurrent PanINs but display favorable long-term outcomes compared to pancreatic cancer patients.Thorough diagnostic assessment,including biopsy and steroid response,is crucial for informed surgical decisions in AIP.

A Nested Case-Control Study to Explore the Association between Immunoglobulin G N-glycans and Ischemic Stroke

Objective This study prospectively investigates the association between immunoglobulin G(IgG)N-glycan traits and ischemic stroke(IS) risk.Methods A nested case-control study was conducted in the China suboptimal health cohort study,which recruited 4,313 individuals in 2013–2014. Cases were identified as patients diagnosed with IS, and controls were 1:1 matched by age and sex with cases. Ig G N-glycans in baseline plasma samples were analyzed.Results A total of 99 IS cases and 99 controls were included, and 24 directly measured glycan peaks(GPs) were separated from Ig G N-glycans. In directly measured GPs, GP4, GP9, GP21, GP22, GP23, and GP24 were associated with the risk of IS in men after adjusting for age, waist and hip circumference,obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Derived glycan traits representing decreased galactosylation and sialylation were associated with IS in men(FBG2S2/(FBG2 + FBG2S1 + FBG2S2): odds ratio(OR) = 0.92, 95% confidence interval(CI): 0.87–0.97;G1n: OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63–0.87;G0n: OR =1.12, 95% CI: 1.03–1.22). However, these associations were not found among women.Conclusion This study validated that altered Ig G N-glycan traits were associated with incident IS in men, suggesting that sex discrepancies might exist in these associations.

IL-6、PCT、IgG儿童激素敏感型PNS细菌感染性肺炎易感性及复发的评估价值

目的探讨白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、降钙素原(PCT)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)对儿童激素敏感型原发性肾病综合征(PNS)细菌感染性肺炎易感性及复发的评估价值。方法选取2019年1月至2023年3月该院收治的150例儿童激素敏感型PNS患儿作为研究对象。根据随访3个月内是否并发细菌感染性肺炎分为并发组、未并发组,比较两组基线IL-6、PCT、IgG水平,采用Logistic回归分析影响细菌感染性肺炎易感性的因素,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析IL-6、PCT、IgG评估PNS细菌感染性肺炎易感性的价值及PNS复发风险。结果并发组IL-6[(7.84±2.49)pg/mL]、PCT[(0.39±0.11)ng/mL]高于未并发组[(4.75±1.56)pg/mL、(0.29±0.09)ng/mL],IgG[(3.82±1.25)g/L]低于未并发组[(5.92±1.97)g/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);细菌感染性肺炎易感性的Logistic回归方程显示,随着IL-6、PCT升高及IgG降低,细菌感染性肺炎易感性逐渐升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);IL-6、PCT、IgG评估PNS细菌感染性肺炎易感性的AUC依次为0.792、0.744、0.677,IL-6、PCT联合IgG评估PNS细菌感染性肺炎易感性的AUC为0.929,大于IL-6、PCT、IgG单独评估(P<0.05);IL-6高水平患者PNS复发的风险是低水平的7.054倍,PCT高水平患者PNS复发的风险是低水平的6.750倍,IgG高水平患者PNS复发的风险是低水平的0.079倍,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论IL-6、PCT、IgG是儿童激素敏感型PNS细菌感染性肺炎的影响因素,三者与PNS复发有关,临床可根据IL-6、PCT、IgG水平评估患儿并发细菌性肺炎易感性及病情复发风险,从而为预防性临床干预提供指导。

Coexistence Analysis between 5G System and Fixed- Satellite Service in 3400-3600 MHz

The 3400-3600 MHz band is one of the most important candidate frequency bands for the rollout of 5 G system. However, the coexistence between 5 G system and fixed-satellite service(FSS) in this frequency band is one of the most challenging problems for both academic researchers and industry engineers. In this paper, the saturation interference from 5 G base stations to the existing FSS above 3600 MHz is analyzed and the coexistence solution is achieved, which can reduce the interference and guarantee the coexistence between 5 G system and FSS. Furthermore, the Monte Carlo simulation, laboratory test and field test are carried out to verify the coexistence solution.Results show that an isolation distance of 1-2 km is required to avoid the saturation interference in terms of the adjacent bands scenario.To further reduce the isolation distance to 50 m, additional isolation of 35 dB will be necessary, which can be fulfilled by installing a filter at the input port of LNB from a real implementation perspective.