Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a Th2 nephritogenic immune disorder. It is caused by the accumulation of immune complexes, mainly IgG4, at the basal glomerular membrane that leads to the damage of the glome...Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a Th2 nephritogenic immune disorder. It is caused by the accumulation of immune complexes, mainly IgG4, at the basal glomerular membrane that leads to the damage of the glomerular barrier and subsequent injury of podocytes. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between cytokine polymorphisms and IMN. We investigated the cytokine polymorphisms in forty-five patients and one hundred twenty-four healthy individuals, using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP). We showed a significant increase in allelic frequencies of the alleles -590T and -33T of IL-4 gene and -308A of TNF-α gene, in IMN patients. In addition, we observed an increased frequency of allele -1082G in IL-10 gene in a subgroup of patients with CD4/CD8 ratio major than 2, when compared either to control subjects or the subgroup of patients with CD4/CD8 ratio minor than 2. Moreover, analyzing the Th1/Th2 cytokines in serum and urine, we found increased levels of IL-4 in serum and IL-5 in urine of patients. We deduce that the alleles -590T and -33T of IL-4 and -308A of TNF-α may be associated with IMN. In addition, in patients with increased T helper lymphocytes, IL-10 -1082G polymorphism can also play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. These findings remark the role of Th2 immune response and suggest the association between polymorphic variants of IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-α genes with the development of IMN and therefore giving a better insight in pathogenesis of this disease.展开更多
It is generally believed that the expression of a gene is restricted ＂within the right place and at the right time＂. This principle has long been considered applicable as well to the expression of immunoglobulin （I...It is generally believed that the expression of a gene is restricted ＂within the right place and at the right time＂. This principle has long been considered applicable as well to the expression of immunoglobulin （Ig） lymphocytes of B cell lineage. However, increasing evidence has shown Ig ＂paradoxically＂ expressed in malignant tumors of epithelial origin. We reviewed the recent progress in the study of cancer-derived Ig, and also discussed its mechanisms and possible functions, trying to arouse interest and attention to those working in the field of immunology and oncology.展开更多
Recently, immunoglobulins （Igs） were unexpectedly found to be expressed in epithelial cancers. Immunoglobulin class switching or class switch recombination （CSR） is a natural biological process that alters a B cel...Recently, immunoglobulins （Igs） were unexpectedly found to be expressed in epithelial cancers. Immunoglobulin class switching or class switch recombination （CSR） is a natural biological process that alters a B cell＇s production of antibodies （immunoglobulins） from one class to another. However, the mechanism of CSR of Iggenes in cancer is still unknown. Here, we confirmed by detecting the hallmark of CSR that the Iga gene in cancer underwent CSR. Then we focused on activation-induced cytidine deaminase （AID）, a crucial factor for initiating CSR. Further studies using tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α stimulation and specific inhibitor of NF-KB revealed that TNF-α could increase AID expression through NF-κB signaling. Finally, we demonstrated that AID could co-localize with protein kinase A and bind to the switching （Sα） region of the Igα gene. Overexpression of AID obviously enhanced Igα heavy chain expression and its binding ability to the Sa region. These findings indicated that TNF-α-induced AID expression is involved with CSR in cancer.展开更多
Background:Children with sickle cell disease(SCD)are particularly prone to pneumococcal infection and administration of Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine in Nigerian children with SCD is yet to be wide spread.This call...Background:Children with sickle cell disease(SCD)are particularly prone to pneumococcal infection and administration of Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine in Nigerian children with SCD is yet to be wide spread.This call for the need to study humoral immune responses stimulated by Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine in SCD children to confirm the benefit or otherwise for the use of Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine.Method:The levels of humoral(innate and adaptive)immune factors and associated nutritionally essential trace elements were determined following Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccination of 23 Nigerian children with SCD.Serum innate humoral immune factors[Complement factors(C1q and C4),transferrin,ferritin,and C-reactive protein(CRP)]and adaptive humoral immune factors[IgG,IgA,IgM,and IgE]were determined using ELISA.Nutritionally essential trace elements such as iron(Fe),copper(Cu),and zinc(Zn)were measured also using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results:The serum levels of certain innate humoral immune factors(ferritin,CRP,and C4),only one adaptive humoral immune factors(IgE),and essential trace elements(Fe,Zn,and Cu)were significantly elevated in children with SCD post Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccination when compared to prevaccination levels.Conclusion:Vaccination of children with SCD with Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine was associated with increased levels of more innate humoral immune factors than adaptive factors.This study thus supports the administration of Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccination to children with SCD.展开更多
目的：探讨脓毒症单核细胞表达ILT4的生物学行为和效应，及对于预后的影响。方法：选取BALB/c、BALB/c ILT4–/–雄性小鼠，CLP复制脓毒症模型。用流式细胞仪定量检测CLP术后24h单核细胞ILT4、MHC-Ⅱ表达水平；用ELISA法检测各组0、6、1...目的：探讨脓毒症单核细胞表达ILT4的生物学行为和效应，及对于预后的影响。方法：选取BALB/c、BALB/c ILT4–/–雄性小鼠，CLP复制脓毒症模型。用流式细胞仪定量检测CLP术后24h单核细胞ILT4、MHC-Ⅱ表达水平；用ELISA法检测各组0、6、12、24h血清IL-6、TNF-α浓度；并观察168h内生存预后。 结果：CLP术后24小时脓毒症小鼠外周单核细胞高度表达ILT4分子 （193.50 ± 52.54 vs. 1292.00 ± 143.70, p 〈 0.05） ；较WT组ILT4–/–小鼠外周单核细胞表达MHC-Ⅱ比率明显增高（24.25± 6.76% vs. 49.38 ±5.66%, p 〈 0.05） 。CLP术后24h血清IL-6显著增高（54.25± 20.04 vs. 470.75±88.03, p 〈 0.05），ILT4敲除后很大程度的抑制这一趋势（470.75±88.03 vs. 241.25 ± 45.10, p 〈 0.05）；但对TNF-α表达无显著性干扰（53.13 ±5.49 vs. 50.88 ±6.38, p〉 0.05）。且ILT4–/–小鼠CLP术后生存率WT明显增加（p 〈 0.05）。结论：脓毒症时单核细胞高表达ILT4，与高IL-6水平及低MHC-Ⅱ表达率相关，导致死亡率增加。展开更多
文摘Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a Th2 nephritogenic immune disorder. It is caused by the accumulation of immune complexes, mainly IgG4, at the basal glomerular membrane that leads to the damage of the glomerular barrier and subsequent injury of podocytes. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between cytokine polymorphisms and IMN. We investigated the cytokine polymorphisms in forty-five patients and one hundred twenty-four healthy individuals, using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP). We showed a significant increase in allelic frequencies of the alleles -590T and -33T of IL-4 gene and -308A of TNF-α gene, in IMN patients. In addition, we observed an increased frequency of allele -1082G in IL-10 gene in a subgroup of patients with CD4/CD8 ratio major than 2, when compared either to control subjects or the subgroup of patients with CD4/CD8 ratio minor than 2. Moreover, analyzing the Th1/Th2 cytokines in serum and urine, we found increased levels of IL-4 in serum and IL-5 in urine of patients. We deduce that the alleles -590T and -33T of IL-4 and -308A of TNF-α may be associated with IMN. In addition, in patients with increased T helper lymphocytes, IL-10 -1082G polymorphism can also play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. These findings remark the role of Th2 immune response and suggest the association between polymorphic variants of IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-α genes with the development of IMN and therefore giving a better insight in pathogenesis of this disease.
基金grants from China Medicine Board (No. 96655, No. 04-799)State Key Basic Research andDevelopment Plan (973) of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2004CB518703)+4 种基金National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2006AA02A404)Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 38930410, No. 30530710)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39080015, No. 39400153, No. 39470299, No. 39600082, No. 69700170, No. 30171047, No. 30271218, No. 30471968, No. 30570700, No. 30772465)National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (No. 39525022)Key Project of Hunan Province (04SK1001).
文摘It is generally believed that the expression of a gene is restricted ＂within the right place and at the right time＂. This principle has long been considered applicable as well to the expression of immunoglobulin （Ig） lymphocytes of B cell lineage. However, increasing evidence has shown Ig ＂paradoxically＂ expressed in malignant tumors of epithelial origin. We reviewed the recent progress in the study of cancer-derived Ig, and also discussed its mechanisms and possible functions, trying to arouse interest and attention to those working in the field of immunology and oncology.
文摘Recently, immunoglobulins （Igs） were unexpectedly found to be expressed in epithelial cancers. Immunoglobulin class switching or class switch recombination （CSR） is a natural biological process that alters a B cell＇s production of antibodies （immunoglobulins） from one class to another. However, the mechanism of CSR of Iggenes in cancer is still unknown. Here, we confirmed by detecting the hallmark of CSR that the Iga gene in cancer underwent CSR. Then we focused on activation-induced cytidine deaminase （AID）, a crucial factor for initiating CSR. Further studies using tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α stimulation and specific inhibitor of NF-KB revealed that TNF-α could increase AID expression through NF-κB signaling. Finally, we demonstrated that AID could co-localize with protein kinase A and bind to the switching （Sα） region of the Igα gene. Overexpression of AID obviously enhanced Igα heavy chain expression and its binding ability to the Sa region. These findings indicated that TNF-α-induced AID expression is involved with CSR in cancer.
文摘Background:Children with sickle cell disease(SCD)are particularly prone to pneumococcal infection and administration of Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine in Nigerian children with SCD is yet to be wide spread.This call for the need to study humoral immune responses stimulated by Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine in SCD children to confirm the benefit or otherwise for the use of Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine.Method:The levels of humoral(innate and adaptive)immune factors and associated nutritionally essential trace elements were determined following Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccination of 23 Nigerian children with SCD.Serum innate humoral immune factors[Complement factors(C1q and C4),transferrin,ferritin,and C-reactive protein(CRP)]and adaptive humoral immune factors[IgG,IgA,IgM,and IgE]were determined using ELISA.Nutritionally essential trace elements such as iron(Fe),copper(Cu),and zinc(Zn)were measured also using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results:The serum levels of certain innate humoral immune factors(ferritin,CRP,and C4),only one adaptive humoral immune factors(IgE),and essential trace elements(Fe,Zn,and Cu)were significantly elevated in children with SCD post Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccination when compared to prevaccination levels.Conclusion:Vaccination of children with SCD with Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccine was associated with increased levels of more innate humoral immune factors than adaptive factors.This study thus supports the administration of Prevenar 13 pneumococcal vaccination to children with SCD.
文摘目的：探讨脓毒症单核细胞表达ILT4的生物学行为和效应，及对于预后的影响。方法：选取BALB/c、BALB/c ILT4–/–雄性小鼠，CLP复制脓毒症模型。用流式细胞仪定量检测CLP术后24h单核细胞ILT4、MHC-Ⅱ表达水平；用ELISA法检测各组0、6、12、24h血清IL-6、TNF-α浓度；并观察168h内生存预后。 结果：CLP术后24小时脓毒症小鼠外周单核细胞高度表达ILT4分子 （193.50 ± 52.54 vs. 1292.00 ± 143.70, p 〈 0.05） ；较WT组ILT4–/–小鼠外周单核细胞表达MHC-Ⅱ比率明显增高（24.25± 6.76% vs. 49.38 ±5.66%, p 〈 0.05） 。CLP术后24h血清IL-6显著增高（54.25± 20.04 vs. 470.75±88.03, p 〈 0.05），ILT4敲除后很大程度的抑制这一趋势（470.75±88.03 vs. 241.25 ± 45.10, p 〈 0.05）；但对TNF-α表达无显著性干扰（53.13 ±5.49 vs. 50.88 ±6.38, p〉 0.05）。且ILT4–/–小鼠CLP术后生存率WT明显增加（p 〈 0.05）。结论：脓毒症时单核细胞高表达ILT4，与高IL-6水平及低MHC-Ⅱ表达率相关，导致死亡率增加。
