Clinical prediction of insufficient vaults after implantable collamer lens implantation

AIM:To determine the factors related to preoperative ocular characters that are predictive of insufficient vault(<250μm)after implantable collamer lens(ICL V4c;STAAR Surgical)implantation.METHODS:The participants underwent ICL surgery and were divided into the low(<250μm)and normal(250-1000μm)vault groups based on the postoperative vault at 3mo.The preoperative biometric parameters and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.The relationship between the 3-month vault values and preoperative ocular parameters were evaluated by Generalized estimating equations.RESULTS:Sixteen(23 eyes)and 36 patients(63 eyes)were in the low and normal vault groups,respectively.All implantation procedures were uneventful with no cataract formation in the early postoperative period.The sulcusto-sulcus lens rise(STSL)and iris ciliary angle(ICA)were correlated with vault at 3mo after surgery.Every 0.1 mm increase in STSL was associated with 38.9μm decrease in the postoperative 3-month vault.A rise of 1 degree in ICA is associated with a reduction of 4μm in vault.CONCLUSION:Eyes with a narrow ciliary sulcus are associated with a higher rate of low vault after ICL implantation,suggesting a need for adjustments to the ICL size in these patients.Evaluating the characteristics of the ciliary sulcus contributes valuable information to predict low vault after surgery.

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes with implantable collamer lens

AIM:To investigate the clinical characteristics,treatment methods and outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)in highly myopic eyes with implantable collamer lens(ICL).METHODS:High myopia patients who received treatment for nontraumatic RRD after ICL implantation surgery at the Retinal Department of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from Jan 2018 to Dec 2022 were reviewed.Comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations including visual acuity measurement and digital fundus photography were performed in each patient.RESULTS:A total of nine RRD eyes from nine patients who received V4c-ICL implantation were included.The mean time from ICL implantation surgery to the diagnosis of RRD was 32.44±22.56mo(range,1-60mo).At the initial visit for RRD,giant retinal tear(GRT),horseshoe tear,simple round hole,and horseshoe tear combined with round hole were detected in 3,3,2,and 1 eye(s),respectively,with maculaoff in eyes.Eight patients received surgical treatment,and one patient was treated by retinal laser photocoagulation alone.The ICL was preserved in 7 eyes.At the last followup,the mean best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)improved significantly from 1.76±1.06 logMAR at presentation to 0.81±1.01 logMAR(P=0.035),and no case of recurrent retinal detachment was found.CONCLUSION:The morphological presentation of retinal breaks is diverse in this study.The ICL can be preserved in most cases during the course of retinal detachment repair surgery in our data,companied with acceptable visual and anatomical outcomes.

Postoperative efficacy,safety,predictability,and visual quality of implantable collamer lens implantation versus small incision lenticule extraction in myopic eyes:a Meta-analysis

AIM:To compare the postoperative efficacy,safety,predictability,and visual quality of implantable collamer lens(ICL)implantation versus small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)in myopia eyes.METHODS:Pub Med,EMBASE,Web of Science,Cochrane Library and several Chinese databases were searched at May 2021 to select relevant studies in comparison of clinical outcomes between ICL implantation and SMILE for myopia.The primary outcomes were efficacy,safety,and predictability.And the secondary outcomes were postoperative higher-order ocular aberrations(HOAs),modulation transfer function cutoff frequency(MTF),objective scatter index(OSI),contrast sensitivity and a quality of vision(Qo V)questionnaire.RESULTS:A total of 1036 eyes from 10 studies,of which 503 eyes underwent ICL implantation and 533 eyes underwent SMILE,were enrolled in this Meta-analysis.Pooled results revealed that ICL group had a better safety index and post-corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA)(P=0.007,<0.00001,respectively),and a lower percentage of eyes with a postoperative CDVA lost 1 line(P=0.007)than the SMILE group.No significant differences were found in comparison of the other primary outcomes.In the longterm follow-up(>6mo),ICL group had a lower total HOA,coma,and spherical aberration than SMILE group(P=0.003,<0.00001,0.04).Yet higher trefoil was found in ICL group at 6mo after surgery(P=0.003).Additionally,ICL group also had a higher MTF value(P=0.02),and a higher contrast sensitivity score for spatial frequencies of 1.5,6,and 12 cpds(P=0.02,0.005,0.02,respectively).And it also had a lower score of bothersome in Qo V questionnaire than SMILE group(P=0.003).CONCLUSION:ICL implantation and SMILE have similar and comparable outcomes in term of the efficacy and predictability for correcting high myopia.However,ICL group is relatively safer and also has better visual quality in comparison of SMILE group.

Long-term observation on safety and visual quality of implantable collamer lens V4c implantation for myopia correction:a 5-year follow-up

AIM:To elucidate the safety and visual quality of implantable collamer lens with central hole(ICL V4c)implantation for correcting moderate and high myopia for at least 5y.METHODS:This retrospective study was conducted on 58 patients(114 eyes)who were followed up for at least 5y after ICL V4c implantation.The observation was done before and on 1d,1mo,1 and 5y or more after the surgical procedure.The visual acuity,subjective refraction,intraocular pressure,vault,axial length,central hole position,pupil diameter,visual quality,and adverse events were analyzed.The visual quality includes aberration,the modulation transfer function cutoff frequency(MTF cutoff),objective scattering index(OSI),Stroller's ratio(SR),and visual quality questionnaire.RESULTS:The average follow-up period was 69.25±3.80mo(range 60–82mo)and the preoperative spherical equivalent(SE)was-8.66±1.97 D.At 5y after operation,the safety index was 1.01±0.02 and the efficacy index was 0.99±0.42 and SE was-0.65±0.63 D.The 59.6%of the eyes achieved an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20,76.3%of the eyes had SE within±1.0 D at the last visit.The axial length increased by 0.29±0.71 mm 5y after the surgery(t=-3.843,P<0.001).The mean vault at the last follow-up was 510.59±245.61μm.The central hole was on the temporal side in 80 eyes(84.2%).The visual quality questionnaire showed that 98.2%patients were satisfied with the surgical procedure.Adverse events occurred in 4 eyes(3.5%),including the posttraumatic toric ICL rotation(2 eyes),iris incarceration(1 eye),and posttraumatic ICL displacement(1 eye)at the last follow-up.CONCLUSION:Long-term ICL V4c implantation is safe,effective,and stable for correcting moderate and to high myopia,and the visual quality with patients is excellent and satisfactory,but the progression of axial length still needs attention after surgery.

Vault predicting after implantable collamer lens implantation using random forest network based on different features in ultrasound biomicroscopy images

AIM:To analyze ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM)images using random forest network to find new features to make predictions about vault after implantable collamer lens(ICL)implantation.METHODS:A total of 450 UBM images were collected from the Lixiang Eye Hospital to provide the patient’s preoperative parameters as well as the vault of the ICL after implantation.The vault was set as the prediction target,and the input elements were mainly ciliary sulcus shape parameters,which included 6 angular parameters,2 area parameters,and 2 parameters,distance between ciliary sulci,and anterior chamber height.A random forest regression model was applied to predict the vault,with the number of base estimators(n_estimators)of 2000,the maximum tree depth(max_depth)of 17,the number of tree features(max_features)of Auto,and the random state(random_state)of 40.0.RESULTS:Among the parameters selected in this study,the distance between ciliary sulci had a greater importance proportion,reaching 52%before parameter optimization is performed,and other features had less influence,with an importance proportion of about 5%.The importance of the distance between the ciliary sulci increased to 53% after parameter optimization,and the importance of angle 3 and area 1 increased to 5% and 8%respectively,while the importance of the other parameters remained unchanged,and the distance between the ciliary sulci was considered the most important feature.Other features,although they accounted for a relatively small proportion,also had an impact on the vault prediction.After parameter optimization,the best prediction results were obtained,with a predicted mean value of 763.688μm and an actual mean value of 776.9304μm.The R²was 0.4456 and the root mean square error was 201.5166.CONCLUSION:A study based on UBM images using random forest network can be performed for prediction of the vault after ICL implantation and can provide some reference for ICL size selection.

A case of hypermature cataract formation following implantation of an implantable collamer lens with an Aquaport

To improve humor circulation the latest V4c Visian implantable collamer lens （ICL） was designed with a0.36-ram Aquapon. This design also eliminates the need to perform peripheral iridectomy before ICL implantation. Several authors reported rates of secondary surgical intervention related to insufficient vault in the presence or absence of cataract formation and excessive vault in the presence or absence of elevated intraocular pressure （IOP） after ICL insertion. Here, we report a case of rapid progression of a cataract to a hypermature state after implantation of an ICL with an Aquaport.

Comparison of optical quality after implantable collamer lens implantation and wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis

AIM： To compare the optical quality after implantation of implantable collamer lens（ICL） and wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis（WG-LASIK）.METHODS： The study included 40 eyes of 22 patients with myopia who accepted ICL implantation and 40 eyes of 20 patients with myopia who received WG-LASIK. Before surgery and three months after surgery, the objective scattering index（OSI）, the values of modulation transfer function（MTF） cutoff frequency, Strehl ratio, and the Optical Quality Analysis System（OQAS） values（OVs） were accessed. The higher order aberrations（HOAs） data including coma, trefoil, spherical, 2^（nd） astigmatism and tetrafoil were also obtained. For patients with pupil size 〈6 mm, HOAs data were analyzed for 4 mm-pupil diameter. For patients with pupil size ≥6 mm, HOAs data were calculated for 6 mm-pupil diameter. Visual acuity, refraction, pupil size and intraocular pressures were also recorded.RESULTS： In both ICL and WG-LASIK group, significant improvements in visual acuities were found postoperatively, with a significant reduction in spherical equivalent（P〈 0.001）. After the ICL implantation, the OSI decreasedslightly from 2.34±1.92 to 2.24±1.18 with no statistical significance（P=0.62）. While in WG-LASIK group, the OSI significantly increased from 0.68±0.43 preoperatively to 0.91±0.53 postoperatively（Wilcoxon signed ranks test, P=0.000）. None of the mean MTF cutoff frequency, Strehl ratio, OVs showed statistically significant changes in both ICL and WG-LASIK groups. In the ICL group, there were no statistical differences in the total HOAs for either 4 mmpupil or 6 mm-pupil. In the WG-LASIK group, the HOA parameters increased significantly at 4 mm-pupil. The total ocular HOAs, coma, spherical and 2^（nd） astigmatism were 0.12±0.06, 0.06±0.03, 0.00±0.03, 0.02±0.01, respectively. After the operation, these values were increased into 0.16±0.07, 0.08±0.05,-0.04±0.04, 0.03±0.01 respectively（Wilcoxon signed ranks test, all P〈0.05）. At 6 mm-pupil, the induction of total HOAs was not statistically significant in the WG-LASIK group. CONCLUSION： ICL implantation has a less disturbance to optical quality than WG-LASIK. The OQAS is a valuable complementary measurement to the wavefront aberrometers in evaluating the optical quality.

Clinical observations of iridociliary cysts and their changes after implantable collamer lens implantation in myopic patients

AIM:To observe the characteristics of iridociliary cysts in myopic patients and evaluate the influences on the position and safety of implantable collamer lens(ICL)after surgery.METHODS:Totally 270 eyes of 135 patients who underwent ICL surgery for the corrections of myopia were included in this study.Preoperative and postoperative morphology of iridociliary cysts were observed in ultrasonic biomicroscopy(UBM)image.RESULTS:A total of 138 iridociliary cysts were found in 88 eyes of 50 patients among 270 eyes of 135 patients before surgery(37%).Twenty-five patients had cysts in one eye(50%)and 25 had cysts in both eyes(50%).The prevalence of iridociliary cysts was negatively correlated with age,but no gender difference(P>0.05).The incidence of iridociliary cysts was much less in eyes with myopia greater than-9.00 D(P<0.05).The diameter of the largest cyst was 1.96 mm and the smallest cyst was 0.24 mm,with a majority within the range of 0.5 to 1.0 mm.Most of the cysts were located in the inferior temporal quadrant.One year after ICL implantation,51 iridociliary cysts(37%)remained unchanged,47 cysts(34%)decreased in size,and 40 cysts(29%)disappeared.Most of cysts that changed after surgery were smaller than 1.0 mm(P<0.05)and located in the nasal and temporal sides around the haptics of implantable lens.All the ICL were in their original position.CONCLUSION:Iridociliary cysts are commonly seen in myopic eyes.The cysts have no impact on the safety of ICL surgery.Some cysts may decrease in size or disappear after ICL implantation.

Comparison of choroidal thickness in high myopic eyes after FS-LASIK versus implantable collamer lens implantation with swept-source optical coherence tomography

AIM:To investigate the changes in choroidal thickness(CT)in high myopic eyes after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)surgery or central hole implantable collamer lens(ICL V4c)implantation using swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT).METHODS:We examined the right eyes of 116 patients with high myopia who were candidates for FS-LASIK surgery and ICL implantation.Sixty eyes underwent ICL V4c implantation and 56 eyes were subjected to FS-LASIK surgery.The CT was measured with SS-OCT.All data were recorded preoperatively and 2 h,1 wk,1 and 3 mo postoperatively.Other demographic information was collected,including age,sex,uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),spherical equivalent(SE),intraocular pressure(IOP)and axial length(AL).RESULTS:The UCVA improved in both groups and showed no significant differences between groups.There also were no significant differences between the two groups in postoperative BCVA and SE(P=0.581 and 0.203,respectively).The foveal CTs,inner nasal and outer nasal CTs were significantly thicker at 2 h postoperatively in both groups(P<0.05)but returned to baseline levels in 1 wk;after 1 mo,no significant differences were found relative to the preoperative values.At 3 mo in each group,nine regions showed variations in the CT as compared with preoperative thickening,but only the foveal and nasal area CTs preoperative differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In addition,there was no significant difference in 9 regions of CT between the two groups at all follow-up times(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The CTs after ICL implantation and FSLASIK surgery are significantly thicker than those before operation,especially in the foveal and nasal areas,but there is no significant difference between the two methods.

Full-vision maintenance in extra-high myopia from implantable collamer lens to trifocal intraocular lens implantation

Dear Editor,I am Dr.Ye Shen from the Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital,College of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China.I write to share my experience of full-vision maintenance in patient with extrahigh myopia from implantable collamer lens （ICL） to trifocal intraocular lens （IOL） implantation.

The effects of implantable collamer lens implantation on higher order aberrations

AIM: To evaluate the changes in higher order aberrations(HOAs) after implantable collamer lens(ICL;Staar Surgical, Nidau, Switzerland) implantation. METHODS: Totally 30 eyes of 18 patients with myopia were included in this study with an average age of 25.77y(min: 21, max: 40). Refraction, uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA), HOAs(entire, corneal and internal) were evaluated preoperatively and three months postoperatively. Ocular aberrations were measured by using iT race(Tracey Technology, Houston, Texas, USA). SPSS(IBM Corp. Released 2013. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) was used for the statistical analysis and the interpretation of the data. P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The preoperative mean spherical power was -9.01 D(min:-5.00, max:-13.00) and the mean cylindrical error was -2.40 D(min:-0.50, max:-4.75). The postoperative mean residual spherical power was -0.73 D(min:-0.20, max:-1.75) and the mean cylindrical error was -0.89 D(min:-0.18, max:-2.09). Analyses were made on root mean square(RMS) values of total HOAs(tH OAs), spherical aberration, coma and trefoil as entire, corneal and internal components. The differences in entire t HOAs and in internal t HOAs were significant. There was no significant change found in spherical aberrations. The differences in entire coma and in internal coma were significant. There was no significant change found in corneal coma. With respect to trefoil, the only significant difference was in internal trefoil. CONCLUSION: The ICL implantation corrects the refractive error successfully and changes entire and internal HOAs of the eye.

Comparison of postoperative optical quality according to the degree of decentering of V4c implantable collamer lens

AIM：To evaluate the clinical outcomes of V4 c implantable collamer lens（Hole ICL） implantation with regard to the optical quality assessed according to different degrees of decentering.METHODS：This included 49 eyes that received conventional ICL and 94 eyes that received Hole ICL.The eyes that received Hole ICL were divided into three groups according to the degree of decentering：group 1,central hole within 1 hole diameter（HD） from the pupil center;group 2,central hole within 1 HD to 2 HD;and group 3,central hole within 2 HD to 3 HD.Visual acuity（VA）,intraocular pressure（IOP）,and spherical equivalent（SE） values were assessed at 1wk,1 and 3mo after surgery.The ocular modulation transfer function,Strehl ratio,objective scattering index,and higher order aberrations（HOAs） were measured for 4-mm pupils at 3mo after surgery.RESULTS：There were no significant differences in VA,IOP,and SE among the conventional and Hole ICL groups.With regard to HOAs,values for coma and spherical aberrations showed no differences.The total HOA and trefoil values were significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1（P=0.02,0.03,respectively）.There were no significant differences among groups with regard to other optical quality parameter at 3mo after surgery.CONCLUSION：Our results suggest that Hole ICL implantation provides satisfactory visual quality that is equivalent to that provided by conventional ICL,regardless of the presence of central hole and degree of decentering.

Implantable collamer lens for residual refractive error after corneal refractive surgery

AIM：To assess the safety,efficacy,predictability and stability of implantable collamer lens（ICL） for residual refractive error after corneal refractive surgery.METHODS： This study evaluated 19 eyes of 12 patients who underwent ICL implantation after corneal refractive surgeries.They were followed up for 1y to 5y of uncorrected distance visual acuity（UDVA）,corrected distance visual acuity（CDVA）,manifest refractive error,flat and steep K value,axial length,intraocular pressure,corneal endothelial cell density,adverse events after ICL surgery.RESULTS： The mean follow-up period was 39.05 ±19.22 mo（range,1-5y）.Spherical equivalent refractive error changed from-7.45±3.02 D preoperatively to-0.85±1.10 D 1wk to 1mo after ICL implantation,with the safety and efficacy indices being 1.12 and 1.15,respectively.A total of 52.63% of eyes were within ±0.5 D of the predicted spherical equivalents,73.68% were within ±1.0 D.A trend of mild regression towards myopia with axial elongation after 5y was observed.One eye with mild anterior capsule opacity and retinal detachment 1y after surgery were observed.CONCLUSION： ICL implantation is safe and effective for the correction of residual refractive error after corneal refractive surgeries,especially in moderate to high residual myopia.

SMILE与ICL植入术治疗伴低度散光的高度近视患者的疗效比较

目的:比较全飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)与有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体(ICL)植入术治疗伴低度散光的高度近视患者的疗效、安全性及视觉质量的临床效果。方法:回顾性研究。纳入2021-01/2022-01我院收治伴低度散光的高度近视患者80例159眼,根据手术方式不同分为SMILE组46例91眼和ICL植入组34例68眼。比较两组患者术前,术后3、6 mo等效球镜、裸眼视力(UCVA)、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)以及角膜高阶像差、光学质量指标(SR)及有效性、安全性指数,统计手术并发症。结果:两组术后6 mo等效球镜、UCVA及BCVA均较术前提高(均P<0.05)。术后6 mo,两组患者UCVA、BCVA、等效球镜、有效性指数、安全性指数比较均无差异(均P>0.05),SMILE组患者总高阶像差、球差、彗差、垂直彗差和水平彗差的均方根值均高于ICL植入组,术后3、6 mo ICL植入组SR高于SMILE组(均P<0.05)。结论:SMILE和ICL植入术治疗伴低度散光的高度近视患者的手术效果良好,术后患者均能获得较好的术后视力和客观视觉质量,相比于SMILE,ICL植入术术后视觉质量更好。

高度近视患者ICL V4c植入术后早期双眼视觉功能评估

目的:评估高度近视患者有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体(ICL V4c)植入术后早期双眼视觉功能。方法:前瞻性研究。观察2019-05/2021-05在我院行双眼ICL植入术的高度近视患者35例70眼。术前和术后1 mo评估双眼全程视力、双眼对比度敏感度、双眼立体视、双眼中间视觉及眩光敏感度、单眼波前像差及视觉质量调查问卷。结果:术后1 mo双眼裸眼远视力(UDVA)≤0.00(LogMAR)者35例(100%),双眼UDVA≥术前最佳矫正视力(CDVA)者16例(46%)。术后双眼裸眼远视力(UDVA)、中视力(UIVA,80 cm)较术前CDVA、最佳矫正远视力下中视力(DCIVA,80 cm)均有所提升(均P<0.05);双眼术后UIVA(60 cm)与术前DCIVA(60 cm)、双眼术后裸眼近视力(UNVA,40 cm)较术前最佳矫正远视力下近视力(40 cm),均无差异(均P>0.05)。术后双眼对比度敏感度较术前好转(P=0.001)。术后双眼中间视觉及眩光敏感度(无眩光)、中间视觉及眩光敏感度(眩光),较术前均无差异(均P>0.05)。手术前后双眼5 m和40 cm立体视比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。除在瞳孔直径3.0 mm下右眼全眼彗差术后较术前中位数减小,余全眼总高阶像差、三叶草像差、彗差及球面像差术后较术前中位数均有所增加。患者术前及术后的主观视觉质量量表评分总分均值由54.87分显著提升至80.92分(P<0.05),患者术后满意度高、无明确视觉干扰症状。结论:高度近视患者双眼植入ICL V4c术后早期单眼全眼高阶像差虽有所增加,但双眼视觉功能得到改善。

Optical and visual quality comparison of implantable collamer lens and femtosecond laser assisted laser in situ keratomileusis for high myopia correction

AIM:To compare clinical outcomes and refractive stability of implantable collamer lens(ICL)implantation and femtosecond laser assisted laser in situ keratomileusis(FSLASIK)for high myopia correction.METHODS:The Optical Quality Analysis System(OQAS)was used to evaluate clinical outcomes objectively after operation for high myopia correction.We compared the two procedures in terms of 1-year changes in uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA),corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA),safety index,efficacy index,spherical equivalent,modulation transfer function(MTF)cutoff frequency,strehl ratio(SR)and objective scatter index(OSI).RESULTS:At 1 y postoperatively,the safety indices were 1.33±0.27 in ICL group,and 1.17±0.24 in FS-LASIK group.39.58%in the ICL group and 27.59%in the FS-LASIK group gained CDVA in 2 lines or better than that in preoperative CDVA.The efficacy indices were 1.28±0.22 in ICL group,and 1.13±0.26 in FS-LASIK group.The changes of spherical equivalent from 1 wk to 1 y postoperatively was-0.12±0.37 D in ICL group,and-0.79±0.58 D in FS-LASIK group(P<0.05).Spherical equivalent within±0.50 D was achieved in 97.92%in ICL group and 68.97%in FS-LASIK group.MTF cutoff frequency were higher with ICL as compared to FSLASIK(P<0.05)at each postoperative follow-up stage;for postoperative 1 mo later,SR was statistically significant difference between two groups(P<0.05);with no statistically significant difference in OSI between two groups(P>0.05)in postoperative 3 mo later.CONCLUSION:ICL implantation and FS-LASIK procedures both provide good safety and predictability in high myopia correction.ICL implantation provides better clinical outcomes and refractive stability than FS-LASIK.

Indications for exchange or explantation of phakic implantable collamer lens with central port in patients with and without keratoconus

AIM:To evaluate the causes of phakic implantable collamer lens(ICL)exchange/explantation in patients with and without keratoconus(KC)at two tertiary hospitals in Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.METHODS:A retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent ICL(model V4 c with central port)exchange/explantation was performed using the electronic medical record systems.All available preoperative and postoperative data were documented for each patient.RESULTS:Over 7 y,2283 ICL implantation procedures were performed;46 implants(2%)required exchange(21 implants)/explantation(25 implants),of which 14 cases(30.4%)were patients with KC.Indications for ICL exchange/explantation in non-KC group were vault measurement,cataract formation,increased intraocular pressure,inaccurate refraction,and patient dissatisfaction in 22(68.75%),4(12.5%),3(9.37%),2(6.25%),and 1(3.12%)case,respectively.The most common indication for ICL exchange/explantation in the KC group was inaccurate vault sizing in 11 patients(78.57%),inaccurate refraction in 2 patients(14.28%),and patient dissatisfaction postoperatively in 1(7.14%)case.CONCLUSION:ICL implantation results in predictable refractive outcomes over the long term with exchange/explantation rates comparable to previous literature.Improper vault size is the most common cause of ICL exchange/explantation among patients with or without KC.

高度近视患者植入ICL V4c后眼前节参数的早期结果

目的:研究高度近视患者植入带中心孔的植入式collamer晶状体(ICL V4c)后眼前节参数的早期结果。方法:纳入2019-02/2022-09在我院行ICL V4c植入术且随访1 a的高度近视患者82例160眼,其中男42例82眼,女40例78眼,年龄26.0±4.6(21-37)岁。术前检测患者的眼前节一般特征:球镜度数、平均角膜水平曲率、水平角膜直径(WTW)和轴向长度(AL);术前,术后1 d,1 wk,1、3、6 mo测量患者的眼内压(IOP)、内皮细胞密度(ECD)、中央前房深度(CACD)、前房容积(ACV)、前房角(ACA);术后1 d,1 wk,1、6 mo,1 a测量患者ICL V4c光学区后表面中心到晶状体前表面的距离(拱高)。结果:患者术前平均球镜度数为-7.56±2.55 D,平均角膜水平曲率为42.89±1.47 D,WTW为11.64±0.37 mm,AL为26.64±0.93 mm。眼压基线为15.97±2.13 mmHg,ICL V4c植入后各时间点眼压与术前相比无差异(F=0.875,P=0.504);ECD基线为2989.30±140.78 cell/mm^(2),ICL V4c植入后6 mo的ECD与术前相比无差异(t=1.475,P=0.142);CACD基线为3.19±0.21 mm,ACV基线为210.30±27.7 mm 3,术后各时间点CACD、ACV均显著低于术前(F=111.10、288.38,均P<0.001);ACA基线为35.44°±11.27°,ICL V4c植入后各时间点ACA显著低于术前(F=21.23,P<0.001)。术后1 d拱高为665.32±184.03μm,术后1 wk,1、6 mo,1 a与术后1 d相比,拱高继续显著减少(F=52.10,P<0.001),但在术后6 mo,1 a时保持稳定,与1 mo时相比均无差异(P>0.05)。结论:ICL V4c在术后1 a的随访中具有一定安全性和有效性,植入后早期眼前节参数趋于稳定。

不同方位植入TICL的临床疗效及稳定性比较

目的:比较水平、斜轴、垂直植入散光型有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体(TICL)后临床疗效、拱高及旋转稳定性。方法:回顾性队列研究。收集2018-07/2022-03在武汉普瑞眼科医院植入TICL后至少规律随访1 a(术后1 d,1 wk,1、3、6 mo,1 a)的患者资料共92例120眼,根据TICL轴位在眼内的方位分三组:水平放置组(34例45眼)、斜轴放置组(25例29眼)、垂直放置组(33例46眼)。对比患者术后的裸眼视力(UDVA)及最佳矫正视力(CDVA)、屈光度、拱高及旋转角度(TICL实际轴位与预期轴位的偏差)。结果:所有患者手术均顺利完成,术后均未出现感染、继发性青光眼、晶状体混浊等并发症。手术安全性及有效性:三组患者术后1 a的CDVA均优于或等于术前CDVA,三组患者的术后UDCA及CDVA均无差异(P>0.05)。术后1 a,三组患者安全性指数分别为1.34±0.21、1.34±0.17和1.31±0.18,有效性指数分别为1.26±0.21、1.33±0.18、1.27±0.16,均无差异(P>0.05)。拱高:三组患者术后不同时间的拱高有显著差异(P=0.003),垂直组<水平组<斜轴组。三组组内不同随访时间点的拱高有差异(P<0.001),均随时间推移呈下降趋势。残留散光:三组患者的残留散光无显著差异(P=0.130),组内不同随访时间点的残留散光有差异(P<0.001)。旋转角度:三组患者的旋转角度无显著差异(P=0.135),组内不同随访时间点的旋转角度有差异(P<0.001)。结论:不同方位植入TICL均具有良好的安全性、有效性,术后旋转稳定性均良好,临床上可根据情况选用合适的角度植入TICL。

矢量分析法评价TICL V4c植入术矫正中高度近视合并高度散光的临床疗效

目的:采用矢量分析法和屈光矫正者生活质量(QIRC)量表评估散光型中央孔型有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体(TICL V4c)矫正中高度近视合并高度散光的临床疗效。方法:回顾性病例系列研究。选取2019-01/2022-12在我院眼科近视手术中心行TICL V4c植入术的中高度近视合并高度散光患者55例90眼。术后随访1 a,观察裸眼视力(UDVA)、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、屈光度等情况,采用Alpins矢量分析法评估散光矫正效果,并采用QIRC量表评估患者的生活质量。结果:术后1 a,98%术眼UDVA达到甚至优于术前BCVA,手术安全性指数为1.11±0.14,有效性指数为1.11±0.15;97%术眼散光的误差角度在±15°以内,散光的矢量分析结果显示散光矫正指数为0.83±0.13,误差角度为1.00°±4.49°,成功指数为0.21±0.15。术后1 a,纳入患者6 mm瞳孔直径下角膜总高阶像差较术前明显增加(P<0.05),QIRC量表总分明显高于术前(P<0.001),且QIRC量表总分的增加量与术前球镜度数呈正相关(r s=0.215,P<0.05),提示术前近视程度越高,TICL植入术后生活质量提高越显著。结论:TICL V4c植入术矫正中高度近视合并高度散光安全有效,且术后生活质量显著提高。