Compact implicit integration factor methods for some complex-valued nonlinear equations

The compact implicit integration factor （cIIF） method is an efficient time discretization scheme for stiff nonlinear diffusion equations in two and three spatial dimensions. In the current work, we apply the cIIF method to some complex-valued nonlinear evolutionary equations such as the nonlinear SchrSdinger （NLS） equation and the complex Ginzburg-Landau （GL） equation. Detailed algorithm formulation and practical implementation of cIIF method are performed. The numerical results indicate that this method is very accurate and efficient.

An efficient method for train-track-substructure dynamic interaction analysis by implicit-explicit integration and multi-time-step solution

In this work,a method is put forward to obtain the dynamic solution efficiently and accurately for a large-scale train-track-substructure(TTS)system.It is called implicit-explicit integration and multi-time-step solution method(abbreviated as mI-nE-MTS method).The TTS system is divided into train-track subsystem and substruc-ture subsystem.Considering that the root cause of low effi-ciency of obtaining TTS solution lies in solving the alge-braic equation of the substructures,the high-efficient Zhai method,an explicit integration scheme,can be introduced to avoid matrix inversion process.The train-track system is solved by implicitly Park method.Moreover,it is known that the requirement of time step size differs for different sub-systems,integration methods and structural frequency response characteristics.A multi-time-step solution is pro-posed,in which time step size for the train-track subsystem and the substructure subsystem can be arbitrarily chosen once satisfying stability and precision demand,namely the time spent for m implicit integral steps is equal to n explicit integral steps,i.e.,mI=nE as mentioned above.The numeri-cal examples show the accuracy,efficiency,and engineering practicality of the proposed method.

Implicit integration factor method for the nonlinear Dirac equation

A high-order accuracy time discretization method is developed in this paper to solve the one-dimensional nonlinear Dirac(NLD)equation.Based on the implicit integration factor(IIF)method,two schemes are proposed.Central differences are applied to the spatial discretization.The semi-discrete scheme keeps the conservation of the charge and energy.For the temporal discretization,second-order IIF method and fourth-order IIF method are applied respectively to the nonlinear system arising from the spatial discretization.Numerical experiments are given to validate the accuracy of these schemes and to discuss the interaction dynamics of the NLD solitary waves.

A new simple method of implicit time integration for dynamic problems of engineering structures

This paper presents a new simple method of implicit time integration with two control parameters for solving initial-value problems of dynamics such that its accuracy is at least of order two along with the conditional and unconditional stability regions of the parameters. When the control parameters in the method are optimally taken in their regions, the accuracy may be improved to reach of order three. It is found that the new scheme can achieve lower numerical amplitude dissipation and period dispersion than some of the existing methods, e.g. the Newmark method and Zhai＇s approach, when the same time step size is used. The region of time step dependent on the parameters in the new scheme is explicitly obtained. Finally, some examples of dynamic problems are given to show the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed scheme applied in dynamic systems.

VQT:value cardinality and query pattern based R-schema to XML schema translation with implicit referential integrity

In this paper,we propose a new relational schema (R-schema) to XML schema translation algorithm, VQT, which analyzes the value cardinality and user query patterns and extracts the implicit referential integrities by using the cardinality property of foreign key constraints between columns and the equi-join characteristic in user queries. The VQT algorithm can apply the extracted implied referential integrity relation information to the R-schema and create an XML schema as the final result. Therefore, the VQT algorithm prevents the R-schema from being incorrectly converted into the XML schema, and it richly and powerfully represents all the information in the R-schema by creating an XML schema as the translation result on behalf of the XML DTD.

Development of a Balanced Adaptive Time‑Stepping Strategy Based on an Implicit JFNK‑DG Compressible Flow Solver

A balanced adaptive time-stepping strategy is implemented in an implicit discontinuous Galerkin solver to guarantee the temporal accuracy of unsteady simulations.A proper relation between the spatial,temporal and iterative errors generated within one time step is constructed.With an estimate of temporal and spatial error using an embedded RungeKutta scheme and a higher order spatial discretization,an adaptive time-stepping strategy is proposed based on the idea that the time step should be the maximum without obviously infuencing the total error of the discretization.The designed adaptive time-stepping strategy is then tested in various types of problems including isentropic vortex convection,steady-state fow past a fat plate,Taylor-Green vortex and turbulent fow over a circular cylinder at Re=3900.The results indicate that the adaptive time-stepping strategy can maintain that the discretization error is dominated by the spatial error and relatively high efciency is obtained for unsteady and steady,well-resolved and under-resolved simulations.

Real-time Animation Technique for a Kind of Non-rigid Objects

A real-time animation technique for a kind of non-rigid objects, flexible and thin objects, is proposed, which can update with stability the state of n mass points of the mass-spring (MS) modei with time complexity of O (n ). The new implicit numerical integration technique of the authors, which is based on a simple approximation of the linear system, has great advantages over the existing implicit integration methods. Moreover, experiment shows that the new technique is highly efficient in animating a kind of non-rigid objects, and suitable for the draping module of the 3D garment CAD system.

A generalized approach for implicit time integration of piecewise linear/nonlinear systems

A generalized solution scheme using implicit time integrators for piecewise linear and nonlinear systems is developed.The piecewise linear characteristic has been well‐discussed in previous studies,in which the original problem has been transformed into linear complementarity problems(LCPs)and then solved via the Lemke algorithm for each time step.The proposed scheme,instead,uses the projection function to describe the discontinuity in the dynamics equations,and solves for each step the nonlinear equations obtained from the implicit integrator by the semismooth Newton iteration.Compared with the LCP‐based scheme,the new scheme offers a more general choice by allowing other nonlinearities in the governing equations.To assess its performances,several illustrative examples are solved.The numerical solutions demonstrate that the new scheme can not only predict satisfactory results for piecewise nonlinear systems,but also exhibits substantial efficiency advantages over the LCP‐based scheme when applied to piecewise linear systems.

An isogeometric numerical study of partially and fully implicit schemes for transient adjoint shape sensitivity analysis

In structural design optimization involving transient responses,time integration scheme plays a crucial role in sensitivity analysis because it affects the accuracy and stability of transient analysis.In this work,the influence of time integration scheme is studied numerically for the adjoint shape sensitivity analysis of two benchmark transient heat conduction problems within the framework of isogeometric analysis.It is found that(i)the explicit approach(β=0)and semi-implicit approach withβ<0.5 impose a strict stability condition of the transient analysis;(ii)the implicit approach(β=1)and semi-implicit approach withβ>0.5 are generally preferred for their unconditional stability;and(iii)Crank–Nicolson type approach(β=0.5)may induce a large error for large time-step sizes due to the oscillatory solutions.The numerical results also show that the time-step size does not have to be chosen to satisfy the critical conditions for all of the eigen-frequencies.It is recommended to useβ≈0.75 for unconditional stability,such that the oscillation condition is much less critical than the Crank–Nicolson scheme,and the accuracy is higher than a fully implicit approach.

A conservative local discontinuous Galerkin method for the solution of nonlinear Schrdinger equation in two dimensions

In this study, we present a conservative local discontinuous Galerkin(LDG) method for numerically solving the two-dimensional nonlinear Schrdinger(NLS) equation. The NLS equation is rewritten as a firstorder system and then we construct the LDG formulation with appropriate numerical flux. The mass and energy conserving laws for the semi-discrete formulation can be proved based on different choices of numerical fluxes such as the central, alternative and upwind-based flux. We will propose two kinds of time discretization methods for the semi-discrete formulation. One is based on Crank-Nicolson method and can be proved to preserve the discrete mass and energy conservation. The other one is Krylov implicit integration factor(IIF) method which demands much less computational effort. Various numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the conservation law of mass and energy, the optimal rates of convergence, and the blow-up phenomenon.