Treatment of bilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip joint with an improved technique:A case report

BACKGROUND Developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH)is a common osteoarticular deformity in pediatric orthopedics.A patient with bilateral DDH was diagnosed and treated using our improved technique"(powerful overturning acetabuloplasty)"combined with femoral rotational shortening osteotomy.CASE SUMMARY A 4-year-old girl who was diagnosed with bilateral DDH could not stand normally,and sought surgical treatment to solve the problem of double hip extension and standing.As this child had high dislocation of the hip joint and the acetabular index was high,we changed the traditional acetabuloplasty to"powerful turnover acetabuloplasty"combined with femoral rotation shortening osteotomy.During the short-term postoperative follow-up(1,3,6,9,12,and 15 months),the child had no discomfort in her lower limbs.After the braces and internal fixation plates were removed,formal rehabilitation training was actively carried out.CONCLUSION Our"powerful overturning acetabuloplasty"combined with femoral rotational shortening osteotomy is feasible in the treatment of DDH in children.This technology may be widely used in the clinic.

Ranking approach of cross-efficiency based on improved TOPSIS technique

The cross-efficiency evaluation method is reviewed which is developed as a data envelopment analysis （DEA） extensive tool. The cross-efficiency evaluation method is utilized to identify the decision making unit （DMU） with the best practice and to rank the DMUs by their respective cross-efficiency scores. The main drawbacks of the cross-efficiency evaluation method when the ultimate average cross-efficiency scores are used to evalu- ate and rank the DMUs are also pointed out. With the research gap, an improved technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） is introduced to rank the crossfficiency by eliminating the average assumption. Finally, an empirical example is illustrated to examine the validity of the proposed method.

Use of biologically synthesized antimicrobial nanoparticles for improving peritoneal dialysis technique： a translational research perspective

Peritoneal dialysis （PD） is a well-established renal replacement therapy （RRT） for end-stage renal failure （ESRF） and offers certain clear advantages over hemodialysis. However, PD is often associated with a high risk of infection of the intraperitoneal cavity, subcutaneous tunnel and catheter exit site, which may subsequently form microbial biofilms.

Lithostab as Technique for Improving the Geotechnical Performance of a Lateritic Soil in Road Construction

This article focuses on a technique for shallow mechanical improvement of soil which deals with the utilization of crushed granite mixed in a certain percentage with lateritic soils during road construction in Burkina Faso.Lithostab is the simplified name for litho-stabilization,a technique for improving laterite by adding crushed granite that increases the CBR(California bearing ratio)of that material for being used in road construction.Class 0/25 of crushed granite added to a laterite in our case gives good performance in terms of CBR.Indeed,the CBR index which was initially 48 at 98%of the OMP(optimum modified Proctor)goes to 88.And from 84 at 98%of the OMP,it goes to 128 for 30%of class 0/25 of crushed granite added.This means that class 0/25 of crushed granite provides better CBR index to that material when it is incorporated at 30%.So,lithostab is an easy to implement eco-friendly material for road construction because of the utilization of local materials.Then,it contributes to the protection of the environment in the sense that its production does not require a lot of energy and does not release large quantities of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Role of Examples and Interpretation of Results in Developing Multi-Objective Optimization Techniques

The paper evaluates the suitability of examples used in developing averaging techniques of multi-objective optimization (MOO). Most of the examples used for proposing these techniques were not suitable. The results of these examples have also not been interpreted correctly. An appropriate example has also been solved with existing and improved averaging techniques of multi-objective optimization.

An effective technique to improve photosynthetic productivity and adaptability of rice

High photosynthetic productivity and widephotosynthetic adaptability are two importantphysiological characteristics for the sustained highyield and wider growing range of rice.Preliminaryexperiments indicated that the utilization ofbeterosis between two different ecotype rices,US

A variety of solitons on the oceans exposed by the Kadomtsev Petviashvili-modified equal width equation adopting different techniques

The diverse patterns of waves on the oceans yielded by the Kadomtsev Petviashvili-modified equal width(KP-mEW)equation are highlighted in this paper.Two recent established approaches such as the im-proved auxiliary equation technique and the enhanced rational(G'/G)-expansion scheme are utilized to construct wave solutions of the proposed governing model.Numerous rational,trigonometric,exponen-tial,and hyperbolic wave solutions bearing many free parameters are successfully acquired in appropriate form.The obtained solutions are plotted in various profiles as three-dimension,two-dimension,and con-tour to illustrate their physical appearances.The plotting outlines appear in the shapes of singular kink,anti-kink,kink,compacton,anti-compacton,bell,anti-bell,periodic,singular periodic etc.The computa-tional software Maple is used for plotting and checking the validity of the found solutions.This paper claims to be novel for generating new results regarding the earlier results.

Spatial-temporal Evolution Analysis on Land Use Multifunctionality in the China-Vietnam Border Area

Exploring the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the border land use multifunctionality(LUMF)provides insights for taking advantage of border land use and optimizing border land use policies.Based on the improved Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)mode,this study identifies and evaluates the LUMFs in the China-Vietnam border area between 2000 and 2018 from the perspectives of agricultural production,social security,ecological service,landscape recreation,and national security.The results show that:1)The comprehensive land use functions in most counties and cities continued to be improved.2)The comprehensive land use function exhibits remarkable spatial divergence and aggregation characteristics.The high-value area of the agricultural production function and social security function evolves from the east to the west.In addition,the spatial evolution of ecological service function is complicated,without an obvious spatial divergence and aggregation pattern.The landscape recreation function shows different spatial differentiation characteristics in the early and middle stage,and forms a large cluster in the later stage.Finally,the spatial evolution pattern of the national security function is significant.3)Designing differentiated border land policies,improving border land use security,and establishing a long-term mechanism for ecological protection and ecological compensation can aid in optimizing the LUMF level in the border area.

Fast BSC-based algorithm for near-field signal localization via uniform circular array

In this paper,we propose a beam space coversion(BSC)-based approach to achieve a single near-field signal local-ization under uniform circular array(UCA).By employing the centro-symmetric geometry of UCA,we apply BSC to extract the two-dimensional(2-D)angles of near-field signal in the Van-dermonde form,which allows for azimuth and elevation angle estimation by utilizing the improved estimation of signal para-meters via rotational invariance techniques(ESPRIT)algorithm.By substituting the calculated 2-D angles into the direction vec-tor of near-field signal,the range parameter can be conse-quently obtained by the 1-D multiple signal classification(MU-SIC)method.Simulations demonstrate that the proposed al-gorithm can achieve a single near-field signal localization,which can provide satisfactory performance and reduce computational complexity.

Photonic circuits written by femtosecond laser in glass:improved fabrication and recent progress in photonic devices

Integrated photonics is attracting considerable attention and has found many applications in both classical and quantum optics,fulfilling the requirements for the ever-growing complexity in modern optical experiments and big data communication.Femtosecond(fs)laser direct writing(FLDW)is an acknowledged technique for producing waveguides(WGs)in transparent glass that have been used to construct complex integrated photonic devices.FLDW possesses unique features,such as three-dimensional fabrication geometry,rapid prototyping,and single step fabrication,which are important for integrated communication devices and quantum photonic and astrophotonic technologies.To fully take advantage of FLDW,considerable efforts have been made to produce WGs over a large depth with low propagation loss,coupling loss,bend loss,and highly symmetrical mode field.We summarize the improved techniques as well as the mechanisms for writing high-performance WGs with controllable morphology of cross-section,highly symmetrical mode field,low loss,and high processing uniformity and efficiency,and discuss the recent progress of WGs in photonic integrated devices for communication,topological physics,quantum information processing,and astrophotonics.Prospective challenges and future research directions in this field are also pointed out.

Coherent optical adaptive technique improves the spatial resolution of STED microscopy in thick samples

Stimulated emission depletion(STED) microscopy is one of far-field optical microscopy techniques that can provide sub-diffraction spatial resolution. The spatial resolution of the STED microscopy is determined by the specially engineered beam profile of the depletion beam and its power. However, the beam profile of the depletion beam may be distorted due to aberrations of optical systems and inhomogeneity of a specimen's optical properties, resulting in a compromised spatial resolution. The situation gets deteriorated when thick samples are imaged. In the worst case, the severe distortion of the depletion beam profile may cause complete loss of the superresolution effect no matter how much depletion power is applied to specimens. Previously several adaptive optics approaches have been explored to compensate aberrations of systems and specimens. However, it is difficult to correct the complicated high-order optical aberrations of specimens. In this report, we demonstrate that the complicated distorted wavefront from a thick phantom sample can be measured by using the coherent optical adaptive technique. The full correction can effectively maintain and improve spatial resolution in imaging thick samples.

Improvement of silicon etching resolution using the confined etchant layer technique

WHEN scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) with feedback mode is used to etchcertain surface, the etchant molecules generated at a microelectrode diffuse to the surface andreact therein with the surface species, resulting in local etching pattern. It is noted that theetching resolution of SECM is dominantly determined by the size of the microelectrode.However, many experimental results have shown the significant influence of the lateral diffu-sion of etchant on the etching resolution. Therefore, a thin diffusion layer of the

Process engineering for primary care:Quality improvement and population health

A fundamental paradox of the health care delivery systems in many industrialized nations is that desired population health metrics are often not achieved despite large expenditures in the health care delivery system.For example,the United States commits nearly 18%of its GDP to the health care delivery system,the largest amount of any nation,yet is 37th in achieving health or health care delivery metrics.This article addresses how general practice can be an important driver of population health in the Chinese health care delivery system through the application of quality improvement methods.The article shows examples of how the cause-and-effect diagram,the process map,and the plan,do,study,act(PDSA)cycle are important techniques to assist primary care practitioners for improving population health.