Receiver design of UWB radio systems for an impulsive noise environment

The performance of UWB (ultrawide bandwidth) radio systems under an impulsive noise environment is first investigated. In the analysis, the Middleton's class A model is used as a model of the impulsive noise. At first, the statistical characteristics of the inphase and quadrature components of the impulsive noise are investigated, and it is proved that unlike Gaussian noise, these components are dependent especially on the impulsive noise with small impulsive indices. The probability that the high amplitude noise is emitted in the inphase component which becomes firstly larger and then smaller for the larger quadrature component of impulsive noise is presented. Next, the performance of conventional UWB radio systems designed for the Gaussian noise under the impulsive noise is evaluated and numerical results show that the performance of the conventional UWB radio systems is much degraded by the effect of the impulsive noise. Using the dependence between the inphase and quadrature components of the impulsive noise, a novel UWB receiver designed for impulsive noise is proposed and the performance improvement achieved by the receiver is evaluated. Numerical results show that the performance of UWB radio systems is much improved by employing the proposed receiver.

Optimal design of basic pulse waveforms for THSS UWB radio systems

Ultrawide bandwidth (UWB) radio, a very promising technique carrying information in very short basic pulses, has properties that make it a viable candidate for short-range wireless communications. In this paper, several short-pulse waveforms based on Gaussian genetic monocycle as well as Gaussian pulse waveform, as candidates of basic UWB pulse waveforms, are firstly proposed and investigated. Their spectrum characteristics, bit transmission rate (BTR), and bit error rate (BER) performance in AWGN channel using time hopping spread spectrum (THSS) and pulse position modulation (PPM) are simulated and evaluated. The numerical results are compared and show that the basic pulse waveforms determine the spectrum characteristics of UWB signals and have much effect on the performance of UWB radio system. The performance of UWB radio system achieved by the proposed basic pulse waveforms is much better than that of UWB radio system realized by other used basic pulse waveforms under the uniform conditions. Also, the polarity of these short basic pulses does not affect the performance of UWB radio system.

Performance analysis of UWB radio systems under cassa impulsive noise environment

The performance of UWB (Ultrawide Bandwidth) radio systems under class A impulsive noise environment is studied in this paper. First, while employing the Middleton’s class A model as a model of impulsive noise, the statistical characteristics of in-phase and quadrature components of impulsive noise is investigated. It is proven that, unlike Gaussian noise, they are dependent especially due to the fact that impulsive indices are small. Next, using this above dependence, a novel UWB radio receiver designed for impulsive noise is proposed and the exact expression for the average BER (Bit Error Rate) of this receiver as a function of SNR (Signal to Noise Power Ratio) and threshold value is derived. Then, the optimum threshold value is discussed and the performance of UWB radio systems with the proposed receiver designed for impulsive noise and with the conventional receiver designed for Gaussian noise under impulsive noise environment is estimated. Numerical results are compared and show that the influence of impulsiveness index and threshold value on the performance of UWB radio systems is quite large and that the performance achieved by the proposed UWB radio receiver is much superior to that of the conventional UWB radio receiver under class A impulsive noise environment.

Performance analysis of an indoor UWB ranging system

To evaluate the ranging performance of impulse radio ultra wideband （IR-UWB） signals, an experiment is performed in a typical indoor environment. In order to mitigate the ranging error caused by theoretical algorithm and practical circuits, one way-time difference of the arrival （OW-TDOA） ranging method and corresponding approaches are proposed and carried out according to the structure of UWB transceivers. Generalized maximum likelihood （GML） estimator based on energy detection is applied for the time of arrival estimation. The obtained results show that this UWB ranging system can achieve a relative high ranging accuracy in a multipath environment （e.g. about 5 cm at ranges up to 6 m）, which is practical and meaningful for many sensor applications.

Dataset of human motion status using IR-UWB through-wall radar

Ultra-wideband(UWB)through-wall radar has a wide range of applications in non-contact human information detection and monitoring.With the integration of machine learning technology,its potential prospects include the physiological monitoring of patients in the hospital environment and the daily monitoring at home.Although many target detection methods of UWB through-wall radar based on machine learning have been proposed,there is a lack of an opensource dataset to evaluate the performance of the algorithm.This published dataset is measured by impulse radio UWB(IR-UWB)through-wall radar system.Three test subjects are measured in different environments and several defined motion status.Using the presented dataset,we propose a human-motion-status recognition method using a convolutional neural network(CNN),and the detailed dataset partition method and the recognition process flow are given.On the well-trained network,the recognition accuracy of testing data for three kinds of motion status is higher than 99.7%.The dataset presented in this paper considers a simple environment.Therefore,we call on all organizations in the UWB radar field to cooperate to build opensource datasets to further promote the development of UWB through-wall radar.

Algorithm for Gesture Recognition Using an IR-UWB Radar Sensor

This paper introduces a human gesture recognition algorithm using an impulse radio ultra-wide- band (IR-UWB) radar sensor. Human gesture recognition has been one of the hottest research topics for quite a long time. Many gesture recognition algorithms or systems using other sensors have been proposed such as using cameras, RFID tags and so on. Among which gesture recognition systems using cameras have been extensively studied in past years and widely used in practical. While it might show some deficiencies in some cases. For example, the users might not like to be filmed by cameras considering their privacies. Besides, it might not work well in very dark environments. While RFID tags could be inconvenient to many people and are likely to be lost. Our gesture recognition algorithm uses IR-UWB radar sensor which has pretty high resolution in ranging and adjustable gesture recognition range, meanwhile, does not have problems in privacy issues or darkness. In this paper, the gesture recognition algorithm is based on the moving direction and distance change of the human hand and the change of the frontal surface area of hand towards radar sensor. By combining these changes while doing gestures, the algorithm may recognize basically 6 kinds of hand gestures. The experimental results show that these gestures are of quite good performance. The performance analysis from experiments is also given.

Range Extension and Channel Capacity Increase in Impulse-Radio Ultra-Wideband Communications

We theoretically analyze the channel capacity of a 5th-order Gaussian pulse-based ultra-wideband （UWB） system and experimentally demonstrate 2 Gbit/s UWB-over-fiber transmission systems incorporating wireless transmission. Both electrical and photonic UWB pulse generation methods are employed and its performance is compared. By utilizing optimum UWB pulse design and employing a digital signal processing （DSP） receiver, a bit-error-rate above the forward error correction （FEC） limit for 8 meters of wireless＇emis- sion is obtained in our photonic generation UWB system. A noticeable increase in the channel capacity is achieved compared to previously reported results.

CORRELATED INTERFERENCE CANCELLATION FOR IR-UWB

In this letter,we propose a hybrid analog/digital detection algorithm,the Correlated In-terference Cancellation(CIC) algorithm,for Impulse Radio Ultra-WideBand(IR-UWB) system.The CIC algorithm correlates received signal with its delayed versions in the analog domain and samples the correlation output at the symbol rate.The symbol rate samples are processed in the digital domain to perform interference cancellation.Therefore,CIC works for high data rate systems with heavy In-terSymbol Interference(ISI).Simulation results show that CIC achieves good performance in typical UWB channels.

A Versatile 1.4-mW 6-bits CMOS ADC for Pulse-Based UWB Communication Systems

An ADC （analog to digital converter） using the low duty-cycle nature of pulse-based UWB （ultra wide-band） communications to reduce its power consumption is proposed. Implemented in CMOS （complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor） 180 nm technology, it can capture a 5 ns window at 4 GS/s each 100 ns, which corresponds to the acquisition of one UWB pulse at the pulse repetition rate of 10 Mpps （mega pulses per second）. By using time-interleaved RSD （redundant signed digit） ADCs, the complete ADC occupies only 0.15 mm2 and consumes only 1.4 mW from a 1.8 V power supply. The ADC can be operated in two modes using the same core circuits （OTA （operational transconductance amplifier）, comparators, etc.）. The first mode is the standard RSD doubling mode, while the second mode allows improving the signal-to-noise ratio by adding coherently the transmitted pulses of one symbol. For example, for audio applications, a 300 kbps data rate and processing gain up to 15 dB can be achieved at a clock frequency of 10 MHz.

A Novel Transceiver Architecture Based on Wavelet Packet Modulation for UWB-IR WSN Applications

In last few years, several recent developments concern a new proposed techniques of communication for WSN (Wireless Sensors Network) using a complex methods and technics. This network is considered a future platform for many applications like: medical, agriculture, industrial, monitoring and others. The challenge of this work consists in proposing a new design of transceiver for WSN based on IDWPT (Inverse Discrete Wavelet Packet Transform) in emitter and DWPT (Discrete Wavelet Packet Transform) in receiver for mono and multi users using AWGN Channel. We will propose in this paper, a new concept of impulse radio communication for multiband orthogonal communication for UWB (Ultra-wideband) applications. The main objective of this work is to present a new form of pulse communication adapted to low through-put short-range applications and is scalable according to the type of use but also the number of sensors.

Overview of Ultra-Wideband Transceivers——System Architectures and Applications

The Ultra-WideBand(UWB) technique, which offers good energy efficiency, flexible data rate, and high ranging accuracy, has recently been recognized as a revived wireless technology for short distance communication.This paper presents a brief overview of two UWB techniques, covering Impulse-Radio UWB(IR-UWB) and FrequencyModulation UWB(FM-UWB) methods. The link margin enhancement technique, Very-WideBand(VWB), and power consumption reducing technique, chirp UWB, are also introduced. Then, several potential applications of IR-UWB with transceiver architectures are addressed, including high data rate proximity communication and secure wireless connectivity. With fine-ranging and energy-efficient communication features, the UWB wireless technology is highly promising for secure mobile Internet of Things(IoT) applications.

A CMOS fifth-derivative Gaussian pulse generator for UWB applications

A CMOS fifth-derivative Gaussian pulse generator is presented for ultra-wideband （UWB） applications. The design exhibits low power consumption, low circuit complexity, and a precise pulse shape to inherently comply with the FCC spectrum mask for indoor UWB applications without the need for a filter. The pulse generator is implemented with a 1.8-V, 0.18-μm CMOS process. The small core chip size of the pulse generator is only 217 ×121 #m2 because of its all digital circuit design. The measured fifth-derivative Gaussian pulse has a peak-to-peak amplitude of 158 mV and a pulse width of 800 ps. The average power dissipation is 0.6 mW with a pulse repetition frequency of 50 MHz.