Sharing experiences from a reference laboratory in the public health response for Ebola viral disease, MERS-CoV and H7N9 influenza virus investigations

The International Health Regulations was enforced in June 2007,emphasizing the obligation of State Parties to detect,report,and respond to public health emergencies[1].An effective public health response requires a coordinated laboratory response in the Ministry of Health(MOH)network with credible laboratories capable of providing accurate and reliable results in a timely manner to enable effective public health measures

基于FPGA的数字带通滤波器设计与仿真

为快速准确地提取超声导波信号中的目标信息,采用流水线加法树阵列结构设计低阶滤波器,采用直接型低阶叠加实现20阶高精度带通滤波器。运用流水线技术与FPGA片上资源相结合实现对该结构数字算法优化,并将其应用在镍铬合金超声导波测温系统中。结果表明:所设计的滤波器对512点的混频超声导波信号滤波耗时约1047个时钟。该滤波器总体设计简单,可以达到实时滤波的功能。

考虑AGV运输和机器转速的作业车间绿色调度研究

在车间实际生产中,机器在加工状态和空载状态下都需要消耗能量,且机器在不同转速下的能耗也不同。此外,随着自动导引车(AGV)在车间的广泛应用,其能耗也不可忽略,因此对考虑AGV和机器转速的作业车间绿色调度问题进行研究具有重要意义。完工时间不仅被认为是表示车间生产效率的指标,而且在一定程度上意味着机器空载能耗的减少、机器利用率的提高。为此,对考虑AGV运输和机器转速的作业车间完工时间和能耗优化问题进行了研究。首先,对作业车间机器的能耗、AGV能耗进行了分析,探讨了AGV、工件和机器之间的工艺约束,建立了考虑AGV运输和机器转速的作业车间绿色调度模型;然后,采用两阶段优化的方式分别对完工时间和车间总能耗进行了优化,在第一阶段,机器以最高转速进行了加工,采用改进麻雀搜索算法对其最大完工时间进行了优化;在第二阶段,在保证第一阶段优化得到的完工时间最小值不变的前提下,提出了一种间隙档位调整策略,通过降低部分工序的机器转速来降低车间能源消耗,实现对车间总能耗的优化;最后,采用标准用例对算法进行了仿真实验。研究结果表明:在第一阶段采用改进麻雀搜索算法,提高了种群质量,加快了算法的收敛速度,算法具有较强的跳出局部最优能力;第二阶段在保证完工时间的基础上,采取间隙档位调整策略来降低能耗,通过10个用例测试表明能耗可减少1.13%~5.18%。该结果验证了考虑AGV和机器转速绿色调度模型的正确性以及改进麻雀算法的有效性。

Electrocautery vs non-electrocautery dilation catheters in endoscopic ultrasonography-guided pancreatic fluid collection drainage

AIM: To investigate the safety and utility of an electrocautery dilation catheter for endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)-guided pancreatic fluid collection drainage.METHODS: A single-center, exploratory, retrospective study was conducted between August 2010 and August 2014. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of our institution. Informed, written consent was obtained from each patient prior to the procedure. The subjects included 28 consecutive patients who underwent EUS-guided transmural drainage(EUS-TD) for symptomatic pancreatic and peripancreatic fluid collections(PFCs) by fine needle aspiration using a 19-gauge needle. These patients were retrospectively divided into two groups based on the use of an electrocautery dilation catheter as a fistula dilation device; 15 patients were treated with an electrocautery dilation catheter(electrocautery group), and 13 patients were treated with a non-electrocautery dilation catheter(non-electrocautery group). We evaluated the technical and clinical successes and the adverse events associated with EUS-TD for the treatment of PFCs between the two groups.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, sex, type, location and diameter of PFCs between the groups. Thirteen patients(87%) in the electrocauterygroup and 10 patients(77%) in the non-electrocautery group presented with infected PFCs. The technical success rates of EUS-TD for the treatment of PFCs were 100%(15/15) and 100%(13/13) for the electrocautery and the non-electrocautery groups, respectively. The clinical success rates of EUS-TD for the treatment of PFCs were 67%(10/15) and 69%(9/13) for the electrocautery and the non-electrocautery groups, respectively(P = 0.794). The procedure time of EUS-TD for the treatment of PFCs in the electrocautery group was significantly shorter than that of the non-electrocautery group(mean ± SD: 30 ± 12 min vs 52 ± 20 min, P < 0.001). Adverse events associated with EUS-TD for the treatment of PFCs occurred in 0 patients and 1 patient for the electrocautery and the non-electrocautery groups, respectively(P = 0.942).CONCLUSION: EUS-TD using an electrocautery dilation catheter as a fistula dilation device for the treatment of symptomatic PFCs appears safe and contributes to a shorter procedure time.

基于改进A^(*)算法与时间窗检测法的多AGV路径规划方法

为了能够让多个自动导引车(AGV)在复杂环境中实现高效和安全的路径规划,提出一种基于改进A^(*)算法和时间窗检测法相结合的方法。采用改进A^(*)算法为每个AGV生成一条初始路径,再利用时间窗检测法对每个AGV进行冲突检测和解决,得到一组可行且无冲突的路径。通过python进行仿真试验,验证了所提方法的有效性,并与其他方法进行对比分析,结果表明,所提方法在解决多AGV协同路径规划问题上有一定优越性,能够让多个AGV更好地协同工作,实现高效和安全的路径规划。

大长径比远程制导火箭弹自适应Super-twisting控制方法

针对具有轻质薄壳结构的大长径比远程制导火箭弹刚体-弹性体耦合动力学控制难题,提出了一种自适应Super-twisting控制方法。首先,将大长径比远程制导火箭弹的弹性模态与外部干扰项视为归一化扰动,建立了考虑参数、模型不确定性的刚体-弹性体耦合动力学模型。针对外部扰动难以实时精准获取的问题,设计了有限时间收敛干扰观测器,能够在大范围气动参数摄动情形下对远程制导火箭弹外部扰动进行实时精准估计。为提高系统鲁棒性,设计了基于Super-twisting算法的自适应有限时间控制方法,使系统能根据状态误差自动调节控制参数,在削弱高频抖振的同时有效提高抗干扰能力。仿真结果表明:所提控制方法在弹体±15%气动参数摄动的条件下,由平飞状态转变为跟踪幅值为10的正弦弹道倾角指令时,实现3.2 s内弹道倾角跟踪误差收敛至0.002°,可实现远程制导火箭弹姿态平稳跟踪控制弹道倾角指令。

Comparison of Dwell-Times of Two Commonly Placed Peripheral Intravenous Catheters: Traditional vs. Ultrasound-Guided

Introduction: Because establishing venous access in patients can be difficult and time consuming, the use of ultrasound to guide the insertion of peripheral intravenous catheters has become more common. Anecdotal evidence indicates ultrasound-guided catheter insertion may result in decreased catheter survival in the vein (dwell-time), but there is little evidence to support this observation. The purpose of this study was to compare dwell-times for peripheral intravenous catheters placed with ultrasound guidance with intravenous catheters placed by means of traditional anatomic insertion in patients in an acute care hospital. Methods: This secondary data analysis examined outcomes of 298 patients who received ultrasound-guided catheter insertion and 299 patients who received traditionally placed intravenous catheters. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify significant predictors of dwell-time for both the traditional and US-guided catheters. Results: The average dwell-times for ultrasound-guided and traditionally placed catheters were significantly different (p 2 = 0.22). Discussion: Dwell-times of catheters placed with ultrasound guidance are shorter than traditionally placed catheters. Ultrasound-guided catheters should be monitored closely for inadvertent removal or infiltration. A plan to place a more permanent type of intravenous access should be considered for patients admitted for patients longer than 24 hours.

Feasibility of real-time magnetic resonance imaging-guided endomyocardial biopsies:An in-vitro study

AIM: To investigate if magnetic resonance(MR)-guided biopsy can improve the performance and safety of such procedures. METHODS: A novel MR-compatible bioptome was evaluated in a series of in-vitro experiments in a 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) system. The bioptome was inserted into explanted porcine and bovine hearts under real-time MR-guidance employing a steady state free precession sequence. The artifact produced by the metal element at the tip and the signal voids caused by the bioptome were visually tracked for navigation and allowed its constant and precise localization. RESULTS: Cardiac structural elements and the target regions for the biopsy were clearly visible. Our method allowed a significantly better spatial visualization of the bioptoms tip compared to conventional X-ray guidance. The specific device design of the bioptome avoided inducible currents and therefore subsequent heating. The novel MR-compatible bioptome provided a superior cardiovascular magnetic resonance(imaging) soft-tissue visualization for MR-guided myocardial biopsies. Not at least the use of MRI guidance for endomyocardial biopsies completely avoided radiation exposure for both patients and interventionalists.CONCLUSION: MRI-guided endomyocardial biopsies provide a better than conventional X-ray guided navigation and could therefore improve the specificity and reproducibility of cardiac biopsies in future studies.

基于GEP-DES的柔性流水车间机器与AGV集成实时调度方法

智能制造背景下,考虑机器与AGV集成实时调度对整个生产系统效率提高具有重要的意义。针对工件动态到达、加工时间存在波动的情况,提出一种将基因表达式编程算法与离散事件仿真(GEP-DES)相结合的实时调度方法以解决基于最小化最大完工时间为目标的机器与AGV集成调度模型。该方法在离线阶段设计三段式编码的GEP算法以描述机器与AGV集成运作过程,借助DES过程获取目标函数值以对GEP指标性能进行评估,最终挖掘出高质量的调度规则。挖掘出的调度规则与在线阶段车间实时工况信息交互以实现机器与AGV集成的实时调度。最后,将所提方法与传统调度规则方法进行对比,实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性与优越性。研究成果为快速响应柔性流水车间生产中的机器与AGV集成实时调度提供了方法支持。

Analytical model for describing ion guiding through capillaries in insulating polymers

An analytical description for guiding of ions through nanocapillaries is given on the basis of previous work. The current entering into the capillary is assumed to be divided into a current fraction transmitted through the capillary, a current fraction flowing away via the capillary conductivity and a current fraction remaining within the capillary, which is responsible for its charge-up. The discharging current is assumed to be governed by the Frenkel–Poole process. At higher conductivities the analytical model shows a blocking of the ion transmission, which is in agreement with recent simulations.Also, it is shown that ion blocking observed in experiments is well reproduced by the analytical formula. Furthermore, the asymptotic fraction of transmitted ions is determined. Apart from the key controlling parameter(charge-to-energy ratio), the ratio of the capillary conductivity to the incident current is included in the model. Differences resulting from the nonlinear and linear limits of the Frenkel–Poole discharge are pointed out.

Use of endoscopic ultrasound-based techniques in tumor of the guts and beyond

Endoscopic techniques in gastroenterology have been developing rapidly over the past two decades.Advances in minimally invasive endoscopic techniques allow for the detection and treatment of more gastrointestinal（GI）diseases than ever.In a manner of speaking,the advent of miniature ultrasound device coupled with endoscopy

多AGV和机器集成的多目标柔性作业车间调度研究

为解决智能制造环境中具有多时间和多AGV约束的柔性作业车间调度问题,构建了以最小化最大完工时间、最小化总延期、最小化设备总负荷为目标的机器/AGV双约束多目标调度模型,模型中综合考虑加工时间、工件到达时间、交货期等多时间因素,进行了多AGV和机器集成调度。为求解该模型,设计了新的AGV调度规则和改进的NSGA-□算法,算法中提出了基于工序的扩展染色体编码方式和基于AGV分配的贪婪式解码策略,同时设计了不同参数控制的多种群二元锦标赛选择和分段交叉变异策略以及基于Pareto级的去重精英保留策略,以促进个体协同优化搜索。通过实例实验,分析了不同AGV数量任务分配方案下的模型有效性,对4个案例的仿真测试和同类算法比较解也验证了改进NSGA-□算法求解该模型的有效性。

机器人辅助与徒手椎弓根螺钉置入在脊柱疾病应用效果的meta分析

目的 比较机器人辅助与徒手置钉两种不同椎弓根螺钉置入方式在脊柱手术中的临床效果,为未来脊柱外科发展方向提供一定理论参考。方法 检索2011年2月至2021年2月发表的相关病例对照研究。检索包括Pubmed、Cochrane Library、CNKI、Embase、WF、VIP在内的6个数据库。依据中英文检索策略,共检索到文献418篇,根据条件进一步筛选后最终纳入13篇文献。提取本文所需数据并使用Review manager 5.3软件进行分析。结果 机器人辅助下置钉较徒手透视引导下置钉准确度较高(95%CI=2.19~3.61,P<0.01);机器人辅助下与透视引导下置钉手术所需时间相当(95%CI=-0.18~33.96,P=0.05),其余指标均差异无明显统计学意义。结论 机器人辅助下较传统徒手置钉准确度更高,是当下治疗脊柱疾病的更安全精准的选择,且机器人术中所需时间、辐射强度及时间呈现下降趋势,在未来脊柱外科的手术中将起重要作用。

考虑冲突规避的自动化码头多AGV路径规划

针对自动化码头动态作业环境中多自动导引车的路径规划问题,提出一种结合冲突规避的加权实时A*算法。考虑算法收敛速度,为实时A*添加使得收敛效果最优的权重系数,以加快行驶路径收敛于目标点;在算法搜索过程中使用时空坐标记录各AGV位置以实现路径信息共享,在此基础上结合二叉树原理对多AGV之间的冲突进行规避;通过算例验证算法的有效性,并将结果与普通A*进行综合分析与比较。结果表明该方法能有效进行多AGV动态冲突的规避,并且计算时间方面表现的效果更优。

改进蚁群算法的送餐机器人路径规划

蚁群算法拥有良好的全局性、自组织性、鲁棒性,但传统蚁群算法存在许多不足之处。为此,针对算法在路径规划问题中的缺陷,在传统蚁群算法的状态转移公式中,引入目标点距离因素和引导素,加快算法收敛性和改善局部最优缺陷。在带时间窗的车辆路径问题(vehicle routing problem with time windows,VRPTW)上,融合蚁群算法和遗传算法,并将顾客时间窗宽度以及机器人等待时间加入蚁群算法状态转移公式中,以及将蚁群算法的解作为遗传算法的初始种群,提高遗传算法的初始解质量,然后进行编码,设置违反时间窗约束和载重量的惩罚函数和适应度函数,在传统遗传算法的交叉、变异操作后加入了破坏-修复基因的操作来优化每一代新解的质量,在Solomon Benchmark算例上进行仿真,对比算法改进前后的最优解,验证算法可行性。最后在餐厅送餐问题中把带有障碍物的仿真环境路径规划问题和VRPTW问题结合,使用改进后的算法解决餐厅环境下送餐机器人对顾客服务配送问题。

新型导向器用于经皮螺钉固定治疗舟状骨骨折

背景:舟状骨骨折是临床上常见的腕部骨折,主要采用经皮螺钉治疗,首先闭合复位骨折端,然后将空心加压螺钉精准置于舟状骨轴心并加压固定骨折端,能够促进骨折愈合,使腕关节获得良好功能。目的:评价一种新型克氏针导向器辅助经皮空心加压螺钉治疗舟状骨骨折的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月至2020年12月河北医科大学第三医院手外科收治的15例舟状骨骨折患者的临床资料。所有患者均采用新型导向器辅助经皮空心加压螺钉固定治疗。统计患者的骨折愈合时间、手术时间、透视次数、重返工作的时间及并发症。术后12个月采用改良Mayo腕关节评分对腕关节功能进行评估,测量患侧及健侧腕关节掌屈、背伸、尺偏、桡偏活动度及握力。结果与结论:所有患者均完成了12个月随访。术后X射线片示:空心压力螺钉位于舟状骨轴心位置。所有舟状骨骨折均获骨性愈合,平均愈合时间10.0周。手术平均历时55.7 min,术中平均透视次数10.9次,平均10.3周重返工作岗位。腕关节功能:优9例,良5例,可1例,优良率93.3%。患侧及健侧的腕关节掌屈、背伸、尺偏、桡偏活动度及握力相比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。所有患者均未发生伤口感染、骨折畸形愈合、螺钉松动及断裂等并发症。结果表明,应用新型导向器可以缩短手术时间,减少术中透视次数,提高螺钉精准度,缩短重返工作时间,腕关节功能恢复良好。该导向器使空心加压螺钉治疗舟状骨骨折手术更容易。

古代黄山旅游指南概说

古代黄山旅游指南史料丰富,具有较高的研究价值,但目前少有专门研究。文章通过史料挖掘、分类梳理与综合分析,从广义的视角研究古代黄山旅游指南,包括对其宗教与传说,地记、图经与方志,诗文、游记与图绘等方面的研究,从宗教类、地理类、艺术类等3个方面呈现古代黄山旅游指南概貌。研究发现,古代黄山旅游指南具有形式多样、数量可观,不同类别、各有侧重,模山范水、仅见大略,注重文化、偏废实用的特点,并在接续与改进中得到承传。研究可增进对黄山旅游发展史的认识,为鲜被关注的古代黄山旅游指南的研究提供了参考,可促进当今黄山旅游的开发与建设。

近代汉语副词“现”取代“旋”的几个问题

从书面语料看,近代汉语中,明末清初以前的“现”与“旋”在“时间域”里是区别明显的。“现”是时间名词,主要表示“现在”“此刻”“目前”等意义;“旋”是时间副词,又可二分:“旋1”表“立即”等意义;“旋2”表“刚”“当场”“临时”等意义。自明末清初以后,二者之间界限开始模糊,“现”逐渐取代了“旋”,“旋1”“旋2”在不同语境里表示的相关意义及副词用法都由“现”承担。完成取代后,“现”还新产生了“特意、专门”等意义,由时间副词语法化为方式副词。

电磁导航支气管镜引导下肺结节定位和CT引导下Hook-wire穿刺定位在肺癌根治术中的应用效果及安全性比较

目的对比电磁导航支气管镜(ENB)引导下肺结节定位和CT引导下Hook-wire穿刺定位在肺癌根治术中的应用效果和安全性。方法将87例行肺癌根治术患者根据定位方式的不同分为CT组(n=45,行CT引导下Hook-wire穿刺定位)和ENB组(n=42,行ENB引导下肺结节定位)。比较两组患者手术情况、切缘阳性率、心肺功能指标、应激指标和并发症发生情况。结果ENB组患者定位时间、定位后等待时间均短于CT组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。术后7天,两组患者左心室射血分数(LVEF)、每搏量(SV)、用力肺活量(FVC)均较术前降低,但ENB组患者LVEF、SV、FVC均高于CT组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。术后1天,两组患者白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、皮质醇(Cor)水平均较术前升高,但ENB组患者IL-6、IL-8、CRP、Cor水平均低于CT组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。两组患者并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论相比于CT引导下Hook-wire穿刺定位,ENB引导下肺结节定位的定位时间和定位后等待时间更短,能够更加有效地改善患者的心肺功能,减轻应激反应。

马克思主义中国化时代化视角下党的指导思想的发展研究

中国共产党的百年历史是一部马克思主义中国化时代化的推进史,也是一部党的指导思想与时俱进的发展史。把中国化时代化的马克思主义成果——毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观、习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想作为研究对象,系统梳理分析其发展逻辑,具有重要的理论价值和实践意义,对于总结梳理中国共产党成功经验,推进中国式现代化建设十分重要。论文以分析马克思主义中国化时代化的发展历史为视角,讨论党的指导思想——毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观、习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想发展的历史逻辑、理论逻辑和现实逻辑,探讨坚持和发展马克思主义、推进马克思主义政党建设的思路和重点。