The Conflict and Balance Between Intellectual Property Rights and Public Freedom of Information in the“Anti-circumvention Clause”

There is a long-standing conflict between intellectual property rights and public freedom of information.The continuous development of the“anti-circumvention clause”has caused the conflict to intensify.As a basic human right,freedom of information is being gradually eroded by the expansion of intellectual property rights.The existing research mainly carries on the right balance from the negative protection path,but the positive protection path is more advantageous to realizing the public freedom of information and alleviates the conflict between the two kinds of rights.In practice,there are some problems in the application of the anti-circumvention clause,such as the legality of the aim,the division of the protected part,and the determination of the circumvention.This is mainly due to the lack of restrictions on technical measures,the failure to distinguish between“copyright protection”and“contact control”,and the offside and absence of administrative bodies in practice.We should protect public freedom of information by distinguishing the two measures of copyright protection and contact control and the two torts of access and use,increasing the restrictive conditions for the use of technical protection measures,and changing the functions of administrative supervision agencies.

The Application of Geographic Information System(GIS) to the Study of Chinese History

Historical geographic information system construction echoes the call of academic development in the information era and demonstrates the in-depth advancement of history studies. In recent years, an increasing number of data platforms have been built to facilitate historical information storage, display, management and analysis. In such a context, the geographic information system(GIS) begins to contribute to the study of Chinese history. Its contribution is highlighted in nine areas: historical climate, fluvial landforms, town economies, rural settlements, hydraulic societies, environmental changes, ancient cities, ancient maps and HGIS-enabled research methods. The application of GIS to the study of Chinese history initiates a reform in research methods and at the same time upgrades the philosophy of history studies, facilitating the utilization of a diversity of historical data(documents, ancient maps, remote-sensing images, archaeological information, etc.) for dynamic tracing and multi-factor comprehensive research. At present, restricted by traditional disciplinary boundaries, the construction of HGIS platforms remains slow and insufficient, making it difficult to extensively apply GIS to the study of Chinese history.

At the dawn of a new revolution in life sciences

In a recently published article Sydney Brenner argued that the most relevant scientific revolution in biology at his time was the breakthrough of the role of "information" in biology.The fundamental concept that integrates this new biological "information" with matter and energy is the universal Turing machine and von Neumann's self-reproducing machines.In this article we demonstrate that in contrast to Turing/von Neumann machines living cells can really reproduce themselves.Additionally current knowledge on the roles of noncoding RNAs indicates a radical violation of the central dogma of molecular biology and opens the way to a new revolution in life sciences.

A comparative study of information visualization from the perspective of intellectual base: Using WoS and CSSCI

Purpose: Focusing on a comparative analysis of information visualization in library and information science(LIS) from the perspective of research subject and intellectual base, this paper aims to discover the difference and coherence between Chinese domestic studies on information visualization and those of other areas of the world so as to show their theoretical foundation and development trend in a more objective way.Design/methodology/approach: By using the social network analysis tool Ucinet, we have first constructed networks of key author collaboration for 651 articles retrieved from the Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index(CSSCI) and 910 from the Web of Science(WoS),which were published on information visualization between 1998 and 2012 in library and information science, then we compared the intellectual base by mapping analysis from perspective of half-life, centrality and burst detection with CiteSpace II.Findings: Up to date, 51 countries and regions have contributed to the research of information visualization, and in total, we found 9 research clusters of author co-occurrence matrices,among which three are in China. Within Chinese co-author networks, most Chinese scholars have come from the same research institutions, that is to say, more international cooperation and exchange are still required for the research of information visualization across different disciplines and regions.Research limitations: This co-author network and co-citation analysis is mainly based on the research field of LIS with a focus of the WoS and CSSCI databases only, further samples are required for more generalized results to increase our understanding on the development trend of information visualization.Practical implications: This study could lead to a better understanding of the applications of information visualization technologies in discovering the development trend of a research field. Originality/value: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comparative analysis of research subject and intellectual base on information visualization, specifically, from the perspective of contributions of Chinese scholars in this regard. By dividing most frequently cited Chinese literature into two categories(original and non-original research papers), this paper shows the extent of contributions that Chinese domestic scholars have made to the research of information visualization, by revealing the contributions of different types of Chinese domestic papers on information visualization.

Multi-source information fused generative adversarial network model and data assimilation based history matching for reservoir with complex geologies

For reservoirs with complex non-Gaussian geological characteristics,such as carbonate reservoirs or reservoirs with sedimentary facies distribution,it is difficult to implement history matching directly,especially for the ensemble-based data assimilation methods.In this paper,we propose a multi-source information fused generative adversarial network(MSIGAN)model,which is used for parameterization of the complex geologies.In MSIGAN,various information such as facies distribution,microseismic,and inter-well connectivity,can be integrated to learn the geological features.And two major generative models in deep learning,variational autoencoder(VAE)and generative adversarial network(GAN)are combined in our model.Then the proposed MSIGAN model is integrated into the ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation(ESMDA)method to conduct history matching.We tested the proposed method on two reservoir models with fluvial facies.The experimental results show that the proposed MSIGAN model can effectively learn the complex geological features,which can promote the accuracy of history matching.

Semantic model and optimization of creative processes at mathematical knowledge formation

The aim of this work is mathematical education through the knowledge system and mathematical modeling. A net model of formation of mathematical knowledge as a deductive theory is suggested here. Within this model the formation of deductive theory is represented as the development of a certain informational space, the elements of which are structured in the form of the orientated semantic net. This net is properly metrized and characterized by a certain system of coverings. It allows injecting net optimization parameters, regulating qualitative aspects of knowledge system under consideration. To regulate the creative processes of the formation and realization of mathematical know- edge, stochastic model of formation deductive theory is suggested here in the form of branching Markovian process, which is realized in the corresponding informational space as a semantic net. According to this stochastic model we can get correct foundation of criterion of optimization creative processes that leads to “great main points” strategy (GMP-strategy) in the process of realization of the effective control in the research work in the sphere of mathematics and its applications.

Information Science Research in China:The Past,Present and Future

Information science grows rapidly in nowadays china with the explosion of information.In order to let scholars have a holistic view about information science,this paper aims at a comprehensive review of the development track of information science in china from the history to the status quo and future trends.It can serve as a reference for researchers to carry out further research practice.

文明的求索:晚清民国思想史中的现代化理论

现代化是晚清民国思想史的主旋律。鸦片战争以降,古老的中华农业文明遭遇发轫于西欧的现代工业文明的挑战,中国在文明冲突中通过文化传播而采纳融合现代文明。面对现代文明转型的“三千年未有之大变局”,一代代民族精英对中国的现代化进行了艰苦不懈的改革实践和思想探索。“洋务”、“富强”、“维新”、“新民”、“革命”、“文明”、“新文化”、“西化”和“现代化”这些新观念的递嬗,呈现了晚清民国思想史上早期中国现代化理论形态的曲折演进。从晚清“中体西用”的“洋务”思潮,到20世纪30年代思想界对“文明”与“文化”、“现代化”与“西方化”的分辨,表征着中国早期现代化理论形态的趋于成熟。

知识产权信息分析在科技成果评价中的应用

为了解决现有科技成果评价机制中缺少知识产权信息的支撑,提高科技成果在经济活动中的价值辨识度,降低其在转移转化中发生知识产权侵权风险,文章以评价《河西走廊戈壁农业设施蔬菜绿色生产技术》(以下简称“设施蔬菜”)为例,采用专利信息检索结合情报分析的方法,通过在评价流程中增加知识产权分析评议环节、在科技成果评价指标体系中补充知识产权指标、调整指标权重,建立基于知识产权信息分析的科技成果评价体系,并通过该案例对评价效能进行了验证,探索了需求指引下第三方科技成果评价机构推进评价工作的新方式,为推动知识产权公共服务提供实践经验。

黑龙江省农业微生物发展困境及振兴对策

农业微生物是农业生产、农产品加工、农业生物技术和农业生态环境保护等领域中应用的微生物的总称。它们在物质转化和能量循环中发挥着关键作用,并被认为是推动农业产业高质量发展的关键引擎。为实现农业微生物产业和科学研究的可持续发展,从推动农业微生物行业振兴的角度,阐述了农业微生物在应用领域、技术发展、资源保护和菌种保藏方面的研究现状,提出了农业微生物研究面临多方面的问题,包括知识产权风险、科研创新水平不高、监管监测体系不完善,以及缺乏农业微生物信息数据库等。从而提出了进一步加强黑龙江省农业微生物行业振兴的对策建议,即开展系统性科学攻关、加强生物安全实验室平台建设、促进形成产业集群、加强政策保障等。

面向区域创新的高校知识产权信息公共服务营销策略研究

优质的知识产权信息公共服务供给将有效发挥知识产权对区域经济社会发展的支撑作用。作为区域网点机构,高校知识产权信息公共服务营销策略对于知识产权信息公共服务推广与实践,满足社会公众信息服务的可及性、便利性需求,具有理论价值和现实意义。本文对30家高校国家知识产权信息服务中心营销效果现状展开调研,结合实践经验进行问题分析,并从区域创新需求视角出发构建面向区域创新的高校知识产权信息公共服务营销框架,从而提出相应策略。研究策略为高校知识产权信息公共服务提供了针对性较强的参考。

媒介视角下的中国新闻传播思想史研究:2017—2023

本文梳理了2017年以来中国新闻传播思想史的发展轨迹。研究发现,自2017年学界开始尝试以媒介作为新闻传播学独特学科视角以来,无论是传统的新闻传播思想史研究,还是新闻史和媒介史研究,都发生了不同程度的媒介理论转型。其中,又以媒介物质性与媒介本体论的理论叙事所取得的成就最为突出。这一系列的学术成就似乎在提醒我们,应以本土媒介实践为抓手,为新闻传播思想史研究创造新的阐释空间与对话可能,从而为建构中国新闻传播学的自主知识体系奠定基础。

新民主主义革命以来知识分子工作的政策变迁及启示

新民主主义革命时期以来,中国共产党不断调整优化完善重视知识分子工作政策,通过做好知识分子工作,最大限度地将其凝聚于党的周围,为实现各个历史时期的任务和目标,为实现中华民族伟大复兴凝心聚力。在工作实践中,形成了坚持党管人才原则,加强知识分子管理以及加强党外知识分子系统教育培养等基本经验。新时代做好知识分子工作,一要高度重视知识分子工作,把知识分子工作作为一项基础性、战略性工作来抓;二要充分发挥统一战线制度优势和效能,聚天下英才而用之;三要贯彻落实知识分子工作的基本政策,激发广大党外知识分子的智慧和力量。

高校国家知识产权信息服务中心建设与服务现状及发展对策研究

基于知识产权推动创新发展、引领经济结构转型升级和支撑经济高质量发展的背景,文章通过对我国103所高校国家知识产权信息服务中心的建设现状、服务现状开展调研,分析存在问题,提出对策与建议,以期推动高校图书馆知识产权信息服务健康、可持续发展。

知识产权信息公共服务平台质量评价指标构建及实证研究

[目的/意义]近年来,创新主体和社会公众信息服务需求不断提高,对知识产权信息公共服务均等化提出了更高的要求。关注知识产权信息公共服务平台的质量评价,有利于进一步提升平台建设水平。[方法/过程]通过文献研究法、专家打分法以及主成分分析法,构建包括服务质量、使用感受、导航质量、检索质量、系统质量5个一级指标和19个二级指标的评价指标体系。[结果/结论]利用构建的评价指标体系评价3个具有代表性的省市知识产权信息公共服务平台的质量,并针对评价结果提出对策建议。

社群认同视域下的iSchools联盟知识结构探测与社群发现

对iSchools这一学科整合社群的内部体系进行调研,可为国内图书情报学的学科转型提供借鉴。从社群认同理论出发,基于iSchools院校的学者研究兴趣文本,利用LDA主题模型和Louvain社群发现算法探测联盟整体的知识结构,并分析联盟内部的社群分化现状。研究发现,联盟的知识结构可归纳为跨学科前沿、图书情报学、信息技术、人文信息学四个模块,集群分布格局对应多学科信息研究、图书情报与档案管理、信息技术、人文型信息研究四类典型学科建设模式。研究建议国内院校应夯实学科传统根基,塑造学科认同,在学习国外学科建设经验的基础上构建具有中国特色的学科知识体系。

时空感知:基于历史地理信息的北京西北郊聚落空间解析

城郊聚落处于城乡环境长时段的互动影响中,积存形成多元历史文化要素,促进城市建成区的蔓延或更新,并支持与历史建成环境的融合,其空间演变是探索聚落当代发展的重要支撑点。利用历史地理信息(HGI)的方法,在梳理历史、识别资源、明确价值的前提下,对北京西北郊聚落发展作历史演变规律探索,总结出北京西北郊聚落具有城乡统筹、中心吸引、多元共生的发展特征,并在多尺度层级中呈现耦合向关联转向、地缘向业缘适配、廊道对要素牵引等演变倾向。综上,时空感知下的聚落空间解析为探索地域聚落的在地性发展路径提供有效指导。