A Novel On-Site-Real-Time Method for Identifying Characteristic Parameters Using Ultrasonic Echo Groups and Neural Network

On-site and real-time non-destructive measurement of elastic constants for materials of a component in a in-service structure is a challenge due to structural complexities,such as ambiguous boundary,variable thickness,nonuniform material properties.This work develops for the first time a method that uses ultrasound echo groups and artificial neural network(ANN)for reliable on-site real-time identification of material parameters.The use of echo groups allows the use of lower frequencies,and hence more accommodative to structural complexity.To train the ANNs,a numerical model is established that is capable of computing the waveform of ultrasonic echo groups for any given set of material properties of a given structure.The waveform of an ultrasonic echo groups at an interest location on the surface the structure with material parameters varying in a predefined range are then computed using the numerical model.This results in a set of dataset for training the ANN model.Once the ANN is trained,the material parameters can be identified simultaneously using the actual measured echo waveform as input to the ANN.Intensive tests have been conducted both numerically and experimentally to evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of the currently proposed method.The results show that the maximum identification error of numerical example is less than 2%,and the maximum identification error of experimental test is less than 7%.Compared with currently prevailing methods and equipment,the proposefy the density and thickness,in addition to the elastic constants.Moreover,the reliability and accuracy of inverse prediction is significantly improved.Thus,it has broad applications and enables real-time field measurements,which has not been fulfilled by any other available methods or equipment.

The Assessment of Interpersonal Attraction and Group Identification in Virtual Group Network

This study investigates the measurement of social identification, interpersonal attraction, and cohesiveness in virtual groups. Different theoretical claims about relationships in computer-mediated groups rely on measurement strategies that are shown to reflect dramatically inconsistent semantic and administration features. A review of conceptual approaches and definitions for these constructs is presented. Data were collected from groups working asynchronously via the Internet under different geographic distributions, whose members completed a variety of measures related to these constructs. Analyses generated three likely dimensions of attraction. The research highlights the need for greater specificity in reports of the actual measures used in group research, and additional conceptual concerns regarding the contested relationships among these constructs.

Interpersonal Perception in Virtual Groups: Examining Homophily, Identification and Individual Attraction Using Social Relations Model in Network

With the penetration of the Internet, virtual groups have become more and more popular. The reliability and accuracy of interpersonal perception in the virtual environment is an intriguing issue. Using the Social relations model (SRM) [1], this paper investigates interpersonal perception in virtual groups from a multilevel perspective. In particular, it examines the following three areas: homophily, identification, and individual attraction, and explores how much of these directional and dyadic relational evaluations can be attributed to the effect of the actor, the partner, and the relationship.

Group Method of Data Handling for Modeling Magnetorheological Dampers

This paper proposes the use of Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) technique for modeling Magneto-Rheological (MR) dampers in the context of system identification. GMDH is a multilayer network of quadratic neurons that offers an effective solution to modeling non-linear systems. As such, we propose the use of GMDH to approximate the forward and inverse dynamic behaviors of MR dampers. We also introduce two enhanced GMDH-based solutions. Firstly, a two-tier architecture is proposed whereby an enhanced GMD model is generated by the aid of a feedback scheme. Secondly, stepwise regression is used as a feature selection method prior to GMDH modeling. The proposed enhancements to GMDH are found to offer improved prediction results in terms of reducing the root-mean-squared error by around 40%.

Freud’s Theory and the Group Mind Theory:Formulations

This study aimed to reconsider some concepts of the psychoanalytic theory on group mind. Group psychology is concerned with the individual man as a member of a race, nation, caste, profession, or an institution, or as a component of a crowd of people that has been organized into a group at some particular time, for some specific purpose. Group psychology embraces an immense number of separate issues and offers investigators with countless problems, which have hitherto not even been properly distinguished from one another. Reflections presented in this paper were particularly inspired by Freud’s work on Group psychology and analysis of the ego and approaches to the chaos theory, especially, the fact that groups emerge as systems that exhibit unstable, aperiodic and highly complex behavior, with a tendency to self-organization.

利用三代测序技术鉴定c.586T>C突变导致的Bel亚型

目的利用PacBio三代测序技术鉴定c.586T>C突变导致的Bel亚型,并分析Bel亚型家系的血型血清学特点。方法ABO血型表型检测使用血清学方法,对ABO正反定型不符的家系标本进行ABO基因第6、7号外显子Sanger测序。利用PacBio三代技术对先证者及其子女的3例样本进行ABO基因全长单体型分析。结果先证者血清学表型为Bel亚型,测序技术鉴定ABO基因序列第7外显子存在c.586T>C位点突变,三代测序单体型鉴定先证者ABO基因型为ABO^(*)BEL(c.586T>C)/O01.02,其长子和长女基因型为:ABO^(*)A1.02/BEL(c.586T>C)、ABO^(*)B.01/BEL(c.586T>C)。结论c.586T>C位点突变是导致本例Bel的分子基础,PacBio三代测序技术能够精准鉴定ABO亚型单体型。

住院拟输血患者不规则抗体的鉴定与分析

目的:分析71847例拟输血患者不规则抗体的类型和分布特点,探究其对临床安全输血的作用。方法:选取本院2020年1月到2023年10月期间71847例拟输血患者的血液标本,采用微柱凝胶检测卡进行不规则抗体筛查及抗体鉴定。结果:71847例拟输血患者中,共筛选出不规则抗体阳性301例(0.42%),包括同种抗体252例(83.72%);其中Rh系统最高,为179例(59.47%)。Rh系统抗体包括抗E 135例(44.85%)、抗E+c 24例(7.97%)、抗C+e 10例(3.32%)、抗c 6例(1.99%)、抗D 3例(1.00%)和抗D+C 1例(0.33%)。通过对301例不规则抗体进行分析发现,>60岁组的阳性率高于≤60岁组(0.61%vs 0.33%),女性组的阳性率高于男性组(0.50%vs 0.31%),内科组(1.25%)和妇产科组(0.32%)的阳性率均高于外科(0.20%),妊娠/输血史组的阳性率高于无妊娠/输血史组(0.64%vs 0.13%),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:有必要将RhE纳入血型常规监测,并在输血时尽可能地进行E抗原匹配,这可以很大程度地降低不规则抗体的阳性率,从而达到更安全的输血治疗。

意义建构对医科大学生职业使命感的影响:内群体认同和尽责性的作用

目前人们对于职业使命感的前因及产生机制还知之甚少,基于社会认同理论,考察了意义建构对职业使命感的影响及内在机制。通过对554名医科大学生3轮追踪数据进行分析,结果表明:(1)意义建构对职业使命感具有显著正向影响;(2)在控制了职业义务感中介效应的情况下,内群体认同仍中介了意义建构与职业使命感之间的正向关系;(3)尽责性人格调节了内群体认同对职业使命感的影响以及内群体认同的中介效应。研究结果为高校培育个体职业使命感提供了重要参考。

农村扩中群体的家庭财务报表识别机制研究:基于浙江共同富裕先行示范区的实践探索

基于家庭财务报表构建扩中群体识别机制对提高财政支持政策的精准性、加快实现共同富裕具有重要意义。在厘清浙江省现有扩中群体识别机制构建取得的进展与存在的不足的基础上,梳理农业经营主体家庭财务报表的编制探索、应用进展及对扩中群体识别的启示,进而提出基于家庭财务报表改进扩中群体识别指标的思路和完善识别机制的建议。分析表明,现有实践从财产、社保、职业、收入等维度构建相对富裕群体的识别指标体系并运用排除法锁定扩中群体有其合理性和推广价值,但还面临标准设置权威性与精准性欠佳、指标选取不足、缺乏动态修正机制等挑战。浙江省农业融资担保有限公司探索编制了农业经营主体家庭财务报表,对完善扩中群体识别机制产生有益启发。基于家庭财务报表识别扩中群体存在关键收入与支出数据缺乏、资产价值评估标准难统一、线下数据采集质量不高、数据动态更新与共享机制滞后等不足。鉴于此,从排除法指标调整、修正类指标补充和直接类指标拣选3个方面提出改进扩中群体识别的可能思路,并从完善农村家庭财务报表设计、改进家庭结构画像和经济画像规则、强化数字化支撑、完善配套支撑机制等方面提出政策建议。

智能时代的职业风险对主观阶层认同的影响

本文从风险视角切入,揭示了在人工智能时代的背景下职业风险影响主观阶层认同的作用机制,厘清了阶层认同风险逻辑与资源逻辑的区别与联系,超越了以往基于资源逻辑的“阶层认同形成理论”。研究发现,智能时代的职业风险具有显著的阶层认同下移效应,失业风险和收入风险是职业风险影响阶层认同的双重传导机制。资源逻辑对职业风险的阶层认同下移效应具有调节效应,拥有更多资产的劳动者,职业风险对阶层认同的降低作用相对较弱;相对而言,中等收入群体面临的职业风险更高,从而使其阶层认同下移程度更大。本文从风险视角解释了主观阶层认同的下偏现象,同时较好地回应了中等收入群体“低位认同”的“时代之力”,对理解数字经济下社会分层的变化趋势有启发意义。

唤醒中华民族共同体意识的历史记忆与认同实践

彝族他留人主要分布在云南省丽江市永胜县和华坪县,是历史文献中“白蛮”的后裔。在族源传说故事中,他留人认为他们与周边的藏族、纳西族、白族、汉族和彝族诺苏人是从兄弟姊妹一家人中分衍而来。宗支节是他留人祭祖的节日,早期仅用于各姓祭祀各自的先祖,外人不得参与。从二十世纪五十年代起,他留人开始利用宗支节祭祀“三百六十户伍”汉人祖先,这一唤醒对“汉人祖先”的记忆过程体现了早期迁徙到云南的汉族人和彝族他留人长期交往交流交融的历史心性与历史事实。他留人从“多族共祖”到“彝汉共祖”的历史记忆与认同实践,是一种对自身起源问题的“再创造”。这使族群的边界得以从历史记忆的维度被消解,而代之以中华民族共同体层面的血脉联结和家园共享,体现出他留人对中华民族和中华文化的认同,呈现了中华民族共同体的形成过程。这个过程是唤醒他留人中华民族共同体意识的过程。彝族他留人的个案,为铸牢中华民族共同体意识的研究、教学和宣传提供了宝贵素材和民族志案例。

新疆马铃薯黑痣病病原菌的分离及鉴定

【目的】分离鉴定引起新疆马铃薯黑痣病病原菌,为筛选防治该病药剂奠定基础。【方法】从新疆吉木萨尔县、奇台县、乌鲁木齐市达坂城区和昭苏县等马铃薯种植区采集马铃薯块茎,通过组织分离法从带有马铃薯黑痣病的块茎分离病原菌,利用电子显微镜观察病原菌的形态特征,进行对峙培养和ITS序列分析,鉴定融合群。【结果】从新疆吉木萨尔县、奇台县、乌鲁木齐市达坂城区和昭苏县分离的4株病原菌均能使马铃薯块茎出现马铃薯黑痣病症状,分离菌株均为AG3融合群。【结论】AG3融合群是新疆马铃薯黑痣病的主要致病群。

Heterotic Group Classification of 63 Inbred Lines and Hybrid Purity Identification by Using SSR Markers in Winter Cabbage(Brassica Oleracea L. var. capitata)

Winter cabbage is an important crop cultivated through winter in the region near the Yangtze River, enabling the supply of fresh cabbage there at that time of year. However, a problem has emerged regarding the newly developed parents of winter cabbage, which is completely different from spring and autumn cabbage, namely, how to combine these parents to breed an elite hybrid. To classify the heterotic groups and improve the efficiency of parent selection in winter cabbage breeding, 20 polymorphic SSR markers were selected to screen 63 winter cabbage inbred lines. Seventeen pairs among the 20 SSR markers amplified polymorphic bands. These primers amplified two to six bands,with an average of 2.8 bands per primer, and a total of 47 polymorphic bands were generated in the 63 inbred lines. These lines included flatheaded morphotype and round-headed morphotype, thus they were separately classified into heterotic groups based on the SSR markers. The flat-headed morphotype contained 21 inbred lines and was classified into three heterotic groups, named Hanchun 4, Jiali, and Dongsheng, in accordance with the representative germplasm contained in each group. The round-headed morphotype contained 42 inbred lines and was classified into five heterotic groups, named Parte, Bejo1039, YK-143, SCA002, and Golden B90. Meanwhile, parent analysis of 20 developed elite combinations showed that their parents were all distributed in different heterotic groups, indicating that the group classification was reasonable,which can provide a basis for further parent selection in winter cabbage breeding. Furthermore, polymorphic SSR primers were successfully used to identify the hybrid purity of three elite varieties.

基于主成分分析法的测井数据识别岩性——以富县延长组长6地层为例

油气藏的分布与岩性息息相关,所以进行岩性的识别分层,有助于判断地层的储层分布。取心实验十分昂贵,同时在钻井过程中获得岩心是不连续的,所以存在岩心数据较少的问题。为了更好地判断岩性和降低成本,在本研究中,将陕北富县延长组长6地层发育较多的四种岩性一共99个岩心取点与其对应的测井数据进行相关性分析。选择的自然伽马测井(GR)、井径测井(CAL)、声波时差测井(AC)和中子补偿测井(CNL)四条测井曲线来分析富县延长组长6岩性特征。随着粒径变大和黏土含量的减少,GR、CAL、AC和CNL值趋于降低,能够明显划分。利用主成分分析方法,对数据进行降维,提取特征,进行归纳,解决岩性的多解性问题,建立了岩性判定指数,然后将其运用于陕北富县地区多个钻井,验证其方法和构建的数学模型的适用性和有效性。结果表明,主成分分析是行之有效的分析岩性的方法,提高了准确度,岩心的岩性与测井数据识别的岩性具有良好的一致性。

基于群运动特征的渔网示位标智能识别算法研究

随着海上船舶数量的增长,复杂的海上业务使海上通信链路负载和信道占用率明显增加,信道拥挤程度加剧。而海上通信系统相互独立,各系统之间存在管理不统一和带宽分配不合理等问题。因此,国际航标协会(IALA)指出,当海上信道负载超过50%时,信息阻塞等问题将造成信号传输滞后。为保护船舶自动识别系统(AIS)信道资源,保障海上交通安全,针对渔网示位标信息不规范造成识别困难,进而影响船舶航行安全的问题,提出一种基于群运动特征的渔网示位标智能识别算法。该算法基于渔网示位标群运动特征模型,结合监督和非监督机器学习算法,实现在海量船舶和渔网示位标混杂的AIS数据中智能识别渔网示位标。结果表明:针对随机海域内的AIS数据,该算法可有效识别渔网示位标,准确率超95%,有效提升对渔网示位标的管控能力,降低海上航行安全潜在风险。

2012~2021年四川成都某医院临床患者血型意外抗体筛查结果与疾病类型分析

目的对某院住院患者血型意外抗体与疾病特征进行分析,为优化精准输血方案和提高临床输血安全提供参考。方法收集2012年1月~2021年12月西部战区总医院患者意外抗体筛查和鉴定资料,患者年龄、性别、输血史、妊娠史和疾病诊断,分析意外抗体阳性率、构成比及疾病特征。结果患者意外抗体筛查阳性率0.55%(1736/315456),女性高于男性(0.69%vs 0.44%,χ^(2)=90.107,P<0.05),有输血史或(和)妊娠史患者高于无输血史或(和)妊娠史者(75.69%vs 22.81%,χ^(2)=971.098,P<0.05),40~80岁患者占72.93%(1266/1736)。意外抗体阳性患者主要为消化系统疾病、血液及造血器官免疫疾病、肿瘤、泌尿生殖系统疾病、循环系统疾病、肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织病,占80.41%(1396/1736)。91.88%(1595/1736)抗筛阳性患者做了抗体鉴定,意外抗体以Rh血型系统41.57%(663/1595),Lewis血型系统11.22%(179/1595)和MNS血型系统6.90%(110/1595)为主,抗体特异性以抗-E[32.41%(517/1595)]、抗-Le^(a)[10.47%(167/1595)]和抗-M[6.08%(97/1595)]为主,其他抗体[35.8%(571/1595)]以未检出特异性抗体为主。结论患者血型意外抗体筛查结果与疾病类型分析对输血安全有重要意义,输血科应针对长期输血患者、女性、有妊娠史或输血史患者进行多抗原(Rh Cc DEe,Le^(a),M)匹配的精准输血,降低意外抗体发生率,提高临床输血安全。

基于知识图谱嵌入的涉诈网络链接补全和关键节点识别

涉诈网站作为网络诈骗的常见载体之一,在网络犯罪中扮演着平台内容提供者的重要角色.该形式的犯罪具有高度的团队性与合作性,涉诈网站在内的涉诈资产之间往往呈现出极强的关联.涉诈资产、涉诈团伙等共同构成了一个庞大的涉诈网络.虽然已有不少研究者针对涉诈网站识别开展了相关研究,但目前针对涉诈资产的关联性研究还相对较少.由于涉诈网络中节点的匿名性,导致直接获取涉诈资产相关的身份信息极为困难.警务人员往往难以快速准确的对涉诈网站进行溯源反制.本文基于本体论构建了细粒度的涉诈知识图谱,创新性地将知识图谱嵌入应用于涉诈网站溯源领域,将涉诈网络中的关系抽象为多维复空间上的旋转操作,并以知识图谱嵌入向量为依据,通过向量的空间相似性探求涉诈实体间关系网络的相似性,利用模型进行实体关系的补全;此外,本文创新性地对涉诈知识图谱中关系对涉诈团队身份的揭示程度进行量化,利用加权后的涉诈关系来优化特征向量中心性算法,以挖掘其中的关键线索节点.实验结果表明,在资产关系补全上本文使用的模型有着较高的准确率,在包含37866个实体的数据集上的HITS@10准确率达到了47%,效果领先于其他知识图谱嵌入模型.在后续案例中证明,本文设计的关键线索挖掘方法能够有效地对涉诈资产进行关联溯源,并取得了显著的成效.

军校医学生群体认同缓解死亡焦虑:个体自尊和集体自尊的链式中介作用

目的探讨军校医学生群体认同对死亡焦虑的影响,以及个体自尊和集体自尊在其中的链式中介效应。方法于2021年7月采用整群抽样的方法开展心理测评,通过问卷星收集360名某军校学员数据。测评工具包括死亡焦虑量表(Templer Death Anxiety Scale,T-DAS)、群体认同量表(Organizational Identification Questionnaire)、罗森博格自尊量表(Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale-Revised,RSES-R)、集体自尊量表(Collective Self-Esteem Scale)。结果①死亡焦虑得分为1.00~4.33分(M=2.60)。②群体认同、个体自尊和集体自尊与死亡焦虑均呈显著负相关(r=-0.56~-0.21,P<0.01);群体认同、个体自尊和集体自尊两两之间呈显著正相关(r=0.42~0.68,P<0.01)。③群体认同显著负向预测死亡焦虑(b=-0.21,SE=0.02,P<0.001)。④群体认同和死亡焦虑之间存在3种中介效应:群体认同→个体自尊→死亡焦虑、群体认同→集体自尊→死亡焦虑、群体认同→个体自尊→集体自尊→死亡焦虑,总间接效应为-0.17。结论群体认同能够负向预测军校医学生的死亡焦虑,且个体自尊和集体自尊在两者间起链式中介作用。

筒承式群仓模型环境激励试验及动力参数识别

为获得群仓动力参数以进行更合理的抗震设计,以上海某粮食储备库的筒壁支承群仓为原型制作群仓模型进行环境激励试验。考虑群仓模型的对称性并结合模型的有限元模态分析结果,在筒仓振动响应较大的位置进行关键测点、一般测点和参考点的布置,测试获得各测点加速度响应。基于模态参数识别理论,引入变换矩阵,通过求解系统矩阵的特征值并经过反向变换来识别群仓模型前4阶动力参数。结果表明:将识别参数与有限元模态分析及峰值拾取法结果进行对比,各阶频率误差在7%以内,各阶振型曲线吻合较好;进一步分析单仓个体的振型曲线,发现贮料及单仓间的相互约束对群仓各阶振型影响较大。在进行群仓抗震设计时,建议至少取前3阶模态进行抗震分析,群仓从外到内进行分层设计,每层按照装料工况下的角仓进行抗震设计。

基于入库洪水识别模型的洪水资源利用潜力评估

洪水资源利用潜力评估是合理调配流域水资源与储水空间的前提。针对我国水资源时空分布不均问题,基于Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验、改进超定量法与带时畸参数的泊松标值过程模型,构建入库洪水识别模型,实现非一致性径流时间序列向“独立同分布”样本的转化,识别与推求入库洪水代表性线型;综合流域调蓄能力与用水需求等约束,提出水库群洪水资源利用潜力评估方法,定位关键制约因素,界定预留防洪库容与水位上浮空间均衡防洪与兴利功能。以金沙江下游乌东德、白鹤滩、向家坝与溪洛渡四座水库(金下四库)为研究对象,结果表明:1998与2002年为向家坝水文站6-11月序列一致性变更点;入库洪水以矮胖型为主,3日洪量是比洪峰更应优先考虑的联合调度决策特征参数;受限于储水空间,遭遇百年一遇及以下设计标准洪水,金下四库洪水资源利用潜力为37.27亿m^(3),为持续优化调蓄空间,建议依次上浮运行水位至952.26、806.77、576.31与373.99 m。研究成果以期为变化环境流域水资源与储水空间优化配置提供参考。