Rapid bilateral anterior capsule contraction following high myopic cataract surgeries:a case report

We describe a rapid anterior capsule contraction following phacoemulsifiction and intraocular lens(IOL) implantation in an old woman with high myopia. The patient with high myopia complicated with cataract received phacoemulcification and IOL implantation bilaterally .The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved from 0.1 to 0.4 in the right eye and 0.5 in the left eye 1 week after surgeries.5 weeks after surgery of the right eye and 4 weeks after surgery of the left eye, the patient complained blurred vision in the right eye. BCVA of the right eye was 0.06 and that of the left was 0.1. Slit-lamp examination revealed anterior capsule contraction in both eyes and a fully closed capsulorhexis opening in the right eye. The IOLs were centered but almost completely enclosed, with numerous linear fibrous folds radiating from the hick central fibrosis. We surgically excised the central part of the anterior capsule of the eyes with microscissors, resulting again in BCVA of 0.4 and 0.5 in the right and left eyes respectively. Anterior capsule contraction might appear much earlier than three months after phacoemulsification and IOL implantation surgery in case of high myopia complicated with cataract. Patients with high myopia receive cataract and IOL surgery should be monitored carefully for the rapid development of anterior capsule contraction.

Treatment of Complex Proximal Tibial Fractures (Types V &VI of Schautzker Classification) by Double Plate Fixation with Single Anterior Incision

Background: complex proximal tibial fractures (Types V & VI of Schautzker classification) are the major problems in orthopedic surgery and associated with high complication rates. There are many alternatives in treatment of these fractures. Aim: to evaluate the results of double plating with single anterior incision in complex proximal tibial fractures (Types V& VI of Schautzker classification).Methods and Materials: 22 patients (16 males and 6 females) with Types V and VI of Schautzker classification of proximal tibial fractures (14 cases were Type V and 8 cases were Type VI) were treated by double plating with single anterior incision method between May 2006 and May 2011. The bony and functional outcome was evaluated according to Knee Society Score. Results: According to Knee Society Score, the results were as follows: excellent in 19 patients (86.4%), good in 2 patients (9.1%), fair in 1 patient (4/5%), and poor in no patient (0%).Conclusion: the double plate fixation with single anterior incision is the best, effective and simple procedure in treatment of complex proximal tibial fractures (Types V and VI of Schautzker classification).

Evaluation of the safety of anterior capsule staining with trypan blue under air: a retrospective analysis

AIM: To evaluate the safety of using 0.03% trypan blue under air for anterior capsule staining in cataract surgery.METHODS: The current study involved a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 86 patients with vitreous hemorrhage, who underwent pars plana vitrectomy and cataract surgery.The patients were classified into two groups.The trypan blue group(n=45) comprised patients who underwent anterior capsule staining with 0.03% trypan blue under an air bubble.The control group(n=41) comprised of patients who underwent intracameral illuminator-assisted capsulorhexis.The status of endothelial cell density(ECD) in both the groups was analyzed.RESULTS: The trypan blue group displayed significant decline in ECD at 1 mo(7.91% loss, P<0.001) and 3 mo(9.65% loss, P<0.001) after the surgery, whereas no significant changes were observed in the control group.Moreover, the number of patients who did not display a postoperative decline in ECD was significantly higher in the control group(43.9%;18 patients) than in the trypan blue group(17.1%;7 patients, P=0.004).CONCLUSION: Anterior capsule staining with trypan blue under the air bubble would not be as safe as the intracameral illuminator.The ECD loss might be attributed to the air bubble rather than to the deleterious effects of 0.03% trypan blue.Further studies are required to clarify this.

Experimental Study on the Effectiveness and Safety of Gardenia Blue Pigment on Anterior Capsule Staining

Objective: To explore the effect of gardenia blue pigment on the anterior capsule staining and its safety performance. Methods: In this study, New Zealand white rabbits were used as the research object to test the effect of gardenia blue pigment on the anterior capsule staining and anterior segment toxicity. In this study, gardenia blue stains of different concentrations (5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%) were prepared to stain the anterior capsule of rabbit crystals, and the effect of the stain was observed to determine the optimal concentration of the stain. Twenty-seven healthy New Zealand white rabbits without eye disease were randomly divided into three groups: gardenia blue staining group;bio-blue positive drug group;physiological saline group. The intraocular pressure, anterior chamber inflammation, corneal endothelial injury, and anterior chamber angle pathological changes were measured in 1D, 7D, and 14D. Results: The results of this study showed that the effect of gardenia blue pigment on the anterior capsule of the lens was the best when the concentration of blue pigment was 2%. There was no change in intraocular pressure in the anterior chamber for a short period of time. There is no damage to the corneal endothelium. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the effect of gardenia blue pigment on the anterior capsule is best when the concentration of blue pigment is 2%, and the stain has no obvious toxic and side effects on the anterior segment of the eye.

Effect of Anterior Capsule Polishing on the Need for Laser Capsulotomy

Purpose: To determine the effect of anterior capsule polishing (APC) on the rate of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) as assessed by the need for laser posterior capsulotomy. Setting: University-based clinical practice, Jules Stein Eye Institute, Los Angles, California, USA. Methods: This study involved a retrospective review of eyes that underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation between September 1991 and June 1999. Lens epithelial cells in the 763 study eyes were mechanically debrided or polished from the inside surface of the anterior capsules using a pair of Shepherd-Rentsch (Morning STAAR Inc.) capsule polishers. The 484 control eyes that had surgery earlier in the series were not polished. The rate of laser capsulotomy in the ACP and the non-ACP groups was compared using a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Multivariate regression was performed to determine if variables other than ACP influenced the need for laser posterior capsulotomy. Results: We identified 763 eyes that had ACP and 484 that did not. At the 24-month follow-up interval, 26.6% of the eyes in the ACP group had received a capsulotomy versus 19.50% in the non-APC. Next, a separate study was done using only one eye per patient, taking the patient as the unit of analysis. Again the capsulotomy rate was higher in the ACP group compared to the non-ACP (1.02 per 100 person-months of follow-up vs. 0.74 per 100 person-months of follow-up). Finally, a third Kaplan-Meier analysis was done on 52 patients that had one eye treated with the ACP procedure and the other eye with the non-ACP procedure. Although the log-rank test showed the statistical significant of this analysis to be borderline, the results again favored the non-ACP group with a lower capsulotomy rate. Multivariate analysis showed very similar results to the above univariate studies. The mean time to capsulotomy was 46 months for the polished group and 70 months for the unpolished group. The severity of cataract (p = 0.46) and the type of haptics (p = 0.86) did not influence the rate of capsulotomy. Plate haptic IOLS had a higher rate of capsulotomy than loop haptic IOLS (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Polishing of the anterior capsule with Shepherd-Rentsch polishers may unexpectedly increase the rate of posterior capsule opacification in eyes with round-edge silicone lenses.

Clinical Observation on Preservation of Lens Anterior Capsule in Reduction of Complications Associated with Silicone Oil

Purpose: To observe the effect of preservation of anterior capsule on the incidence of complications associated with silicone oil. Methods: 82 patients(82 eyes) accepted trans pars plana vitrectomy(TPPV) combined with lensectomy of whom , 30 eyes with preservation of anterior capsule(PAC) and 52eyes with no preservation of anterior capsule (NPAC). Analysis of the incidence of complications associated with use of oil. Results:The incidence rate was 50.0 % in NPAC group, and 23.3 % in PAC group( P ＜ 0. 025 ). There were seconda'y glaucoma (21. 1% ), band keratopathy ( 13.5 % ) and corneal decompensation(9.6 % ) in NPAC group, while there was none of them in PAC group. Conclusions: Preservation of anterior capsule is an eftective method to reduce the complications associated with silicone oil. Eye Science 2001; 17:39 ～ 41.

Relationship between early structural changes at cornea incision sites and surgical outcomes after phacoemulsification

AIM: To assess the early structural changes at clear corneal cataract incision sites and surgical outcomes using anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT).METHODS: We evaluated 80 eyes of 59 patients who underwent phacoemulsification with a clear corneal incision. All incisions were evaluated 1 wk, 1, and 3 mo postoperatively using AS-OCT and analyzed regarding angle, length of the incision, maximal corneal thickness at the incision, and if present, corneal endothelial gap length and incision gap area. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not an endothelial gap was present at 1 wk postoperatively(endothelial gap, group 1;no endothelial gap, group 2). We analyzed the difference in patient and surgical factors between the two groups, and compared the surgical outcome and the refractive outcome.RESULTS: An endothelial gap was observed in 56(70.0%) of 80 eyes at 1 wk postoperatively but not at 3 mo postoperatively. The mean patient age was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2. The longer the length of the corneal incision and the steeper the incision angle, the greater the length and area of the endothelial gap. In group 1, the mean change in mean keratometry of the anterior cornea was significantly greater than in group 2, and the spherical equivalent(SE) and mean numerical error indicated significant myopic changes at 1 wk postoperatively. CONCLUSION: The risk of an endothelial gap increases with patient age and a long corneal incision and steep incision angle. The presence of an endothelial gap aftersurgery may affect the early postoperative corneal curvature and SE.

Simple method of measuring ocular rotation in supine position during small incision lenticule extraction

AIM:To introduce a novel measurement method of static cyclotorsion in small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and to investigate the effect of preoperative parameters on cyclotorsion and the effect of cyclotorsion on postoperative outcomes.METHODS:The medical records of 242 patients and 484 eyes who under went SMILE surger y were retrospectively reviewed.Preoperative intraocular pressure,refractive error,and corneal thickness were investigated.Refractive values and visual acuity were measured at 1d,1,3,and 6mo.Ocular cyclotorsion in the supine position was measured by calculating the location and angle of the incision site of the cornea in the anterior slit photograph taken after surgery.RESULTS:Of the total 484 eyes in 242 patients,preopera tive means phericale quivalent(SE)was-4.10±1.64 D,and the mean astigmatism was-0.82±0.74 D.Uncorrected distance visual acuity(UCVA)and SE improved significantly after the surgery.Moreover,219(45.2%)eyes had excyclotorsion,235(48.6%)eyes had incyclotorsion,and 30(6.2%)eyes had no torsion.The right eyes tended to be excyclotorted,and the left eyes tended to be incyclotorted(P<0.01).The mean cyclotorsion was 1.18°±3.69°,and the mean absolute value of cyclotorsion was 3.14°±2.26°.The range of cyclotorsion was 0.5°–11.4°.It was found that the smaller the preoperative sphere,the higher the amount of cyclotorsion(r=0.11,P=0.016).There was no significant association between the amount of cyclotorsion and preoperative astigmatism.There was no correlation between sex,preoperative corneal thickness,preoperative intraocular pressure,amount of cyclotorsion,and direction of cyclotorsion.The ratio of right eye excyclotorsion and left eye incyclotorsion on 1d was higher than that at 1,3,and 6mo(all P<0.01).There was no difference between the 1,3,and 6mo results in the right and left eyes(P=0.15,P=0.16,respectively).CONCLUSION:The newly devised ocular cyclotorsion measurement method can be used to evaluate ocular cyclotorsion after SMILE.Preoperative SE is associated with the amount of cyclotorsion,however,cyclotorsion doesn't have a significant effect on the results of SMILE surgery.

Anterior and posterior capsule densitometry levels after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery

AIM： To analyze and compare five different variables over one year follow-up（1 wk, 1, 3, 6 and 12 mo）： anterior capsule（AC）, and posterior capsule（PC） area densitometry values, AC and PC linear densitometry values, and AC opening area reduction ratio after femtosecond laserassisted cataract surgery. METHODS： This was a prospective comparative study. Seventy-one patients underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery on single eye between June 2014 and December 2015. A 5.0 mm diameter laser assisted anterior capsulotomy was performed on all eyes. In every postsurgery evaluation, AC opacificaction（ACO） and PC opacification（PCO） density levels were provided by Oculus Pentacam·HR using area and linear densitometry methods. Digital images were captured with a slit-lamp Topcon photographic camera and IMAGEnet· 5 software. The AC opening area on the digital images was measured using the Sketchandcalc area calculator and converted to reduction ratio levels.RESULTS： Using Pearson correlation coefficient（PCC）, we found no correlation（r=-0.091, P=0.46） in the twelfth month assessment between the evolution of ACO area densitometry values and PCO area densitometry values considered as independent variables. We found no correlation, using PCC（r=-0.096, P=0.43） between the evolution of ACO linear densitometry values and PCO linear densitometry values, in the twelfth month visit, working both as independent variables. AC linear densitometry levels and AC area densitometry levels continued to grow strongly from sixth to twelfth months. Analysis of the values of AC opening area reduction ratio（1 wk, 1, 3, 6, 12 mo） revealed statistically significant differences between the values of successive examinations but the magnitude of the change decreased. In the final period of monitoring between six and twelve months the magnitude of change was low.CONCLUSION： Our results show strong increases of Scheimpflug ACO densitometry values from the sixth to the twelfth month while capsulorhexis area reduction ratio levels displayed a considerable decrease. We found no correlation between ACO area and linear densitometry values and PCO area and linear densitometry values, in the twelfth month examination, working as independent variables.

Anterior segment OCT application in quantifying posterior capsule opacification severity with varied intraocular lens designs

AIM:To evaluate the application of anterior segmentoptical coherence tomography(AS-OCT)in posterior capsule opacification(PCO)severity assessment and analyse the relationship between PCO severity and intraocular lens(IOL)characters.METHODS:PCO patients were prospectively recruited.Cross-sectional images of the anterior segment at horizontal and vertical meridians were acquired with AS-OCT.The area of the IOL-PC(posterior capsular)space and PCO severity(area,thickness,and density at 3 mm and 5 mm IOL optic regions)were measured.The relationship between PCO severity and visual acuity,comparisons of PCO severity and IOL-PC space using varied IOL designs were analysed.RESULTS:One hundred PCO eyes were enrolled.IOL-PC space,PCO thickness and area were positively correlated with axial length.In addition,PCO area and thickness were positively correlated with visual acuity when it was≤0.52 log MAR.The cut-off level of visual acuity should be 0.52 log MAR.With varied IOL designs,3-piece C haptic IOL showed a smaller PCO area and thickness than the 1-piece 3 haptic IOL and 1-piece 4 haptic IOL.PCO area and thickness values for an IOL with a diameter≤11.0 mm was greater than for an IOL with a diameter of 12.5 mm,and the differences were statistically significant.PCO area and thickness increased when IOL haptic angulation increased(from 0 to 12 degrees).CONCLUSION:In PCO eyes,cut-off level of visual acuity is 0.52 log MAR.With more severe PCO,visual acuity maybenot enough to describe the visual function impairment.PCO severity and IOL-PC space are significantly correlated with axial length and IOL design and material.

Visual Outcomes and Risk of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Following Posterior Capsule Rupture during Cataract Surgery: With vs without Dropped Nuclear Lens Fragments

Background: Cataract surgery is the most frequently performed surgery worldwide. Posterior capsule rupture (PCR) remains one of the most common complications of cataract surgery and a major risk factor for poor visual outcomes. Cataract surgeries complicated by PCR and vitreous loss are managed with anterior vitrectomy at the time of surgery. However, the situation can be further complicated by dropping lens particles into the vitreous cavity necessitating a secondary pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Purpose: To compare the visual outcomes and risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) between eyes that required anterior vitrectomy (AV) alone for the management of vitreous loss and eyes that required AV and subsequent PPV for the management of dropped nuclear lens fragments (DNLF) following cataract surgery complicated by PCR in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Medical records of patients in whom PCR occurred during phacoemulsification cataract surgery requiring AV or subsequent PPV for DNLF were retrospectively reviewed over a 6-year period from January 2016 to December 2021. Results: PCR occurred in 183 (2.3%) of 7757 consecutive eyes that underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery during the study period. Seven eyes were excluded from analysis for missing data or short follow-up. Of the 176 eyes, 147 eyes (83.5%) were managed with AV alone, and the remaining 29 eyes (16.5%) underwent a secondary PPV for DNLF. After excluding eyes with pre-existing ocular pathology, final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was similar in both groups with a mean of 0.32 logMAR (P = 0.99). Two of 147 eyes (1.4%) in the AV group developed RRD with poor final BCVA whereas none of the eyes in DNLF group developed RRD. Conclusion: The risk of RRD is lower in eyes that required PPV for DNLF than in eyes that were managed with AV alone following PCR during cataract surgery. The poor visual outcomes in eyes that suffered RRD underscore the importance of postoperative retinal examination and early detection of retinal breaks.

梯形透明角膜切口在晶状体超声乳化术患者治疗中的临床效果

目的探讨梯形透明角膜切口在晶状体超声乳化术患者治疗中的临床效果。方法选取行晶状体超声乳化术的患者57例(68眼)作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为常规切口组和梯形切口组。常规切口组28例(34眼),男15眼,女19眼,年龄41~82(65.0±10.1)岁;梯形切口组29例(34眼),男21眼,女13眼,年龄46~87(66.0±11.1)岁。两组患者均接受白内障超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术,常规切口组采用3.0 mm透明角膜切口,梯形切口组为改进的梯形透明角膜切口。比较两组患者术后裸眼视力、眼压及角膜散光度以及术中及术后并发症发生情况。结果术后1周及3个月梯形切口组患者裸眼视力均优于常规切口组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);术后1周、1个月及3个月两组患者眼压及角膜散光度差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。术中常规切口组患者出现前房塌陷的眼数以及需要水密切口的眼数均大于梯形切口组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);术后常规切口组患者出现切口水肿、切口哆开的眼数均大于梯形切口组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。术中常规切口组因前房变浅出现人工晶状体移位18眼,水密切口前房形成后人工晶状体位置正常;水密时2眼发生虹膜脱出切口嵌顿、3眼发生人工晶状体囊袋内旋转或囊口嵌顿。术中梯形切口组患者术毕3眼发生前房变浅,使用水密切口形成前房;无人工晶状体前囊口嵌顿、移位或虹膜脱出等情况。结论改良的梯形透明角膜切口可以在保证白内障患者术中前房稳定性的同时有效防止因术中前房塌陷而导致的人工晶状体移位,也能减少冲洗针头水密切口引起的相关并发症,使患者尽早恢复视力。

颈侧方入路手术在治疗原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症中的临床研究

目的探讨颈侧方切口经胸锁乳突肌肌间入路手术(SMIA)在治疗原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症中的可行性及其临床效果。方法回顾性分析2019年1月-2022年6月浙江大学医学院附属第一医院行单侧甲状旁腺手术的64例原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症患者的临床资料,根据手术切口及入路分为颈侧方切口SMIA组及正中切口颈白线入路组(LACA组)。比较两组间临床特征、手术相关结果及术后颈前区功能的差异。采用EQ-5D-5L量表评估术后颈部不适主观感受,Hollander伤口评估量表评定切口愈合情况。结果两组患者在年龄、性别、术中出血、手术前后甲状旁腺激素及血钙水平等方面均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。SMIA组平均手术时间[(39.77±5.69)min]明显少于LACA组[(54.41±4.66)min]。术后1月及12月,两组在颈前区功能保护方面有统计学差异(1月:84.67±3.74 vs.79.47±5.38,P<0.001;12月:93.80±2.52 vs.89.94±2.39,P<0.001),且SMIA组均优于LACA组;SMIA组术后6月及12月的Hollander切口评估量表得分优于LACA组,差异有统计学意义(6月:1.93±0.58 vs.2.41±0.66,P=0.003;12月:1.03±0.67 vs.1.74±0.62,P<0.001)。结论颈侧方切口经胸锁乳突肌肌间入路行甲状旁腺切除是简便、安全及有效的手术方式,较于传统切口更易寻找甲状旁腺病变,缩短手术时间,且对颈前区功能保护的作用优势明显。

安康欣胶囊辅助小切口胃癌根治术治疗胃癌患者的疗效研究

目的观察安康欣胶囊辅助小切口胃癌根治术治疗胃癌(Gastric carinoma,GC)的临床疗效。方法选取2021年8月-2022年8月期间河北省唐山市人民医院收治的70例胃癌患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各35例。对照组予以小切口胃癌根治术,术后进行营养干预,观察组在对照组基础上加用安康欣胶囊。两组疗程均为4周。观察比较两组患者治疗前后中医证候积分(纳食呆滞、胃脘部隐痛、恶心反酸、腹部肿块、大便稀溏)、营养指标[前白蛋白(Prealbumin,PA)、血红蛋白(Hemoglobin,Hb)、总蛋白(Total protein,TP)、白蛋白(Albumin,Alb)、转铁蛋白(Transferrin,TRF)]、胃肠功能指标(肠鸣音恢复时间、首次排气时间、饮食恢复时间、首次排便时间)、肿瘤标志物[癌胚抗原(Carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)、糖类抗原-724(Carbohydrate antigen-724,CA-724)、糖类抗原-199(Carbohydrate antigen-199,CA-199)、恶性肿瘤生长因子(Malignant tumor growth factor,TSGF)]、复发转移指标[基质金属蛋白酶-2(Matrix metalloproteinase-2,MMP-2)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(Matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9)、血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endothelial growth factor-A,VAGF-A)及VAGF-C]、免疫功能[T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))]的变化情况,随访记录生存期及复发转移率。结果治疗后两组患者中医主症纳食呆滞、胃脘部隐痛、恶心反酸、腹部肿块、大便稀溏证候积分均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组纳食呆滞、胃脘部隐痛、恶心反酸、腹部肿块、大便稀溏证候积分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后观察组肠鸣音恢复时间、首次排气时间、饮食恢复时间和首次排便时间均明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后两组患者血清PAB、Hb、TP、Alb和TRF指标均较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组血清PAB、Hb、TP、Alb和TRF指标均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后两组患者肿瘤标志物血清TSGF、CEA、CA-724及CA-199水平均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组肿瘤标志物血清TSGF、CEA、CA-724及CA-199水平均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后两组患者血清MMP-2、MMP-9、VAGF-A及VAGF-C指标均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组血清MMP-2、MMP-9、VAGF-A及VAGF-C指标均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后对照组免疫功能指标与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)和CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)指标均较治疗前升高,CD8^(+)较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组血清CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均明显高于对照组,CD8^(+)明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。两组患者复发率和转移率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.535、5.878,P=0.019、0.015)。结论安康欣胶囊辅助小切口胃癌根治术能控制胃癌患者病情,促进胃功能恢复,改善营养状况及免疫功能,下调肿瘤标志物及复发转移相关指标,延长生存期,减少复发和转移。

切口设计及修复情况对上前牙美学区显微根尖手术术后牙龈退缩影响的回顾性研究

目的:研究切口类型及修复体对上前牙美学区显微根管外科手术(endodontic microsurgery,EMS)后牙龈退缩的影响。方法:纳入53例上前牙美学区需行EMS患者,术后随访1年以上,分析性别、切口类型(沟内切口;龈乳头基部切口)、修复体情况(无修复体;有修复体)对上前牙美学区根尖手术后牙龈退缩的影响。结果:按纳入标准,共采集53例患牙临床冠及78例龈乳头数据,统计分析表明,术前及术后1年患牙临床冠高度(H1)、龈乳头高度(H2)及切缘龈乳头距离(H3)存在统计学差异(P <0.05)。性别和切口类型对术后牙龈退缩无显著影响。按修复体有无进行分析,临床冠高度变化(ΔH1)及切缘龈乳头距离变化(ΔH3)均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论:上前牙美学区患牙显微根尖手术术后存在一定程度牙龈退缩,修复体的存在会使牙龈退缩加重,影响前牙区美学效果。

上前牙种植单冠修复体切导的数字化设计正确度

目的:通过虚拟数字模型实验比较动态咬合记录法(patient-specific motion,PSM)和平均值数字牙合架法设计前牙种植单冠修复体切导的正确度。方法:招募12名牙列完整、有稳定切导的健康受试者,口内扫描获得受试者牙列模型,并采集两种动态咬合记录:(1)仅包括前伸运动;(2)包括前伸运动及侧前伸运动。加高原始模型上中切牙参与前伸引导的部分舌面作为参考模型;虚拟拔除单个上中切牙,虚拟种植获得上颌工作模型。在修复体设计软件中使用复制功能进行种植单冠形态设计,使用不同数字化方法设计切导:对照组为平均值数字牙合架法,试验组为仅包括前伸运动的动态咬合记录法(PSM1)和包括前伸运动和侧前伸运动的动态咬合记录法(PSM2)。通过逆向工程软件分析比较修复体切导形态与原始切导形态的三维偏差,评价指标包括代表高牙合程度的正值平均值、正面积比、最大值,代表低牙合程度的负值平均值、负面积比、最小值,以及代表整体偏差程度的均方根。结果:数据采用中位数(四分位距)表示。PSM2组的正值平均值、正面积比、负值平均值小于对照组[8.0(18.8)μm vs.37.5(47.5)μm;0 vs.7.2%(38.1%);-109.0(63.8)μm vs.-66.5(64.5)μm],负面积比大于对照组[52.9%(47.8%)vs.17.3%(45.3%)],差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);PSM1组的正面积比[0.1%(7.0%)]和负值平均值[-97.0(61.5)μm]均小于对照组,负面积比[40.7%(39.2%)]大于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);PSM1组的正值平均值[20.0(42.0)μm]和正面积比均大于PSM2组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:设计前牙种植单冠修复体切导时,相较于平均值数字牙合架法和仅包括前伸运动的动态咬合记录法,包括前伸运动和侧前伸运动的动态咬合记录法更有利于减少修复体的咬合干扰,提高咬合适合性。

Therapeutic effect of two methods on avulsion fracture of tibial insertion of anterior cruciate ligament

BACKGROUND The tibial stop of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) is fan-shaped and attached to the medial groove in front of the intercondylar spine,which is located between the anterior horn of the medial and lateral meniscus.The incidence of this fracture is low previously reported,which is common in children and adolescents.With the increase of sports injury and traffic injury and the deepening of understanding,it is found that the incidence of the disease is high at present.AIM To explore the difference between open reduction and internal fixation with small incision and high-intensity non-absorbable suture under arthroscopy in the treatment of tibial avulsion fracture of ACL.METHODS Seventy-six patients with tibial avulsion fracture of anterior cruciate ligament diagnosed and treated in Guanyun County People’s Hospital from April 2018 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the surgical methods,they were divided into group A(40 cases) and group B(36 cases).Patients in group A were treated with arthroscopic high-strength non-absorbable suture,and patients in group B were treated with small incision open reduction and internal fixation.The operation time,fracture healing time,knee joint activity and functional score before and after operation,and surgical complications of the two groups were compared.RESULTS The operation time of group A was higher than that of group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05);the fracture healing time of group A was compared with that of group B,and the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05);The knee joint function activity was compared between two groups before operation,3 mo and 6 mo after operation,and the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05);the knee joint function activity of group A and group B at 3 mo and 6 mo after operation was significantly higher than that before operation(P < 0.05);the limp,support,lock,instability,swelling,upstairs,squatting,pain and Lysholm score were compared between the two groups before and 6 mo after operation,and the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05);the scores of limp,support,lock,instability,swelling,upstairs,squatting,pain and Lysholm in group A and group B at 6 mo after operation were significantly higher than those before operation(P > 0.05);the surgical complication rate of group A was 2.63%,which was lower than 18.42% of group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P > 0.05).CONCLUSION Both small incision open reduction and internal fixation and arthroscopic high-strength nonabsorbable sutures can achieve good results in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament tibial avulsion fractures.The operation time of arthroscopic high-strength non-absorbable sutures is slightly longer,but the complication rate is lower.

颈侧方切口手术治疗甲状腺良性肿瘤的效果分析

目的分析颈侧方切口手术治疗单侧甲状腺良性肿瘤的疗效。方法收集2019年8月至2022年8月衢州市人民医院收治的120例甲状腺良性肿瘤患者的临床资料。依据不同手术切口采用非随机同期对照法分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。观察组取颈侧方切口,对照组取颈前低位弧形切口。比较2组患者手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、术后第1天引流量、住院时间、术后12 h视觉模拟疼痛量表评分、术后24 h皮下积液发生率等。结果2组患者手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者切口长度、术中出血量、术后第1天引流量、住院时间、术后12 h视觉模拟疼痛量表评分、术后24 h皮下积液发生率均明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论颈侧方切口手术治疗单侧甲状腺良性肿瘤效果好,切口美观,颈部功能恢复快。

膝前正中入路与内外侧双切口入路治疗SchatzkerⅤ型、Ⅵ型胫骨平台骨折的疗效比较

目的比较膝前正中入路与内外侧双切口入路治疗SchatzkerⅤ型、Ⅵ型胫骨平台骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析2020年9月至2022年9月于商水县人民医院行手术治疗的106例胫骨平台骨折(SchatzkerⅤ型、Ⅵ型)患者资料,根据其手术方式将患者分为前正中切口组(n=62)和内外侧切口组(n=44),比较两组患者的手术情况、下肢关节功能恢复情况、术后疗效和术后并发症的发生情况。结果前正中切口组手术时间、术中出血量和引流量均低于对照组;骨折愈合时间长于内外侧切口组;前正中切口组日常生活功能、膝关节稳定程度等Merchant评分高于内外侧切口组,疼痛评分及活动范围等Merchant评分低于内外侧切口组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相较于膝内外侧切口入路治疗,膝前正中切口入路治疗SchatzkerⅤ型、Ⅵ型胫骨平台骨能有效缩短手术时间、减少术中出血量,而患者术后关节功能恢复情况及并发症发生风险与膝内外侧切口入路无明显差异,但患者骨折愈合时间略长于膝内外侧切口入路治疗。

小牛血去蛋白提取物眼用凝胶在老年性硬核性白内障小切口摘除手术中的应用效果

目的:研究小牛血去蛋白提取物眼用凝胶在老年性硬核性白内障小切口摘除手术中的应用效果。方法:选取我院2021年6月至2022年12月诊治的老年性硬核性白内障患者152例(152眼)作为研究对象。随机将患者分为对照组和观察组,各76例。对照组采取小切口摘除术,观察组在对照组基础上加用小牛血去蛋白提取物眼用凝胶治疗。分析对比两组术前及术后1、8 w的视力、前房炎性反应、角膜内皮细胞相关参数,其中视力采用标准视力量表测定,角膜内皮细胞相关参数采用SP-1P非接触型的角膜内皮细胞仪测量。结果:观察组术后1 w、8 w的矫正视力均较对照组显著提高(P<0.05);术后1 w前房炎性反应较对照组减轻(P<0.05)。两组术后1 w中央角膜厚度高于术前,而六边形细胞的比例、角膜内皮细胞的密度均显著低于术前;术后8 w中央角膜厚度显著低于术后1 w,六边形细胞的比例、角膜内皮细胞的密度均显著高于术后1 w;且观察组患者的术后1 w中央角膜厚度显著低于对照组,而六边形细胞的比例、角膜内皮细胞的密度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:小牛血去蛋白提取物眼用凝胶在老年性硬核性白内障小切口摘除手术中,能改善角膜内皮细胞相关参数。