Force-Based Quadrilateral Plate Bending Element for Plate Using Large Increment Method

A force-based quadrilateral plate element( 4NQP13) for the analysis of the plate bending problems using large increment method( LIM) was proposed. The LIM, a force-based finite element method( FEM),has been successfully developed for the analysis of truss,beam,frame,and 2D continua problems. In these analyses,LIMcan provide more precise stress results and less computational time consumption compared with displacement-based FEM. The plate element was based on the Mindlin-Reissner plate theory which took into account the transverse shear effects.Numerical examples were presented to study its performance including accuracy and convergence behavior,and the results were compared with the results have been obtained from the displacementbased quadrilateral plate elements and the analytical solutions. The4NQP13 element can analyze the moderately thick plates and the thin plates using LIMand is free from spurious zero energy modes and free from shear locking for thin plate analysis.

Development of 2D Hybrid Equilibrium Elements in Large Increment Method

As a force-based finite element method (FEM), large increment method (LIM) has been developed in recent years. It has been shown that LIM provided prominent advantage of parallel computation with high efficiency and low time consumption for member structural system. To fully utilize its advantage in parallel computation, it is the time to extend LIM to 2D and 3D continua analysis. In this paper, a 2D finite element library with the capability of modeling arbitrary configurations is developed. Some illustrative numerical examples are solved by using the proposed library; the obtained results are compared with those obtained from both traditional displacement-based FEM and analytical solutions, which has clearly shown the advantages of LIM.

Development of the Large Increment Method in Analysis for Thin and Moderately Thick Plates

Many displacement-based quadrilateral plate elements based on Mindlin-Reissner plate theory have been proposed to analyze the thin and moderately thick plate problems. However, numerical inaccuracies of some elements appear since the presence of shear locking and spurious zero energy modes for thin plate problems. To overcome these shortcomings, we employ the large increment method(LIM) for the analyses of the plate bending problems, and propose a force-based 8-node quadrilateral plate(8NQP) element which is based on MindlinReissner plate theory and has no extra spurious zero energy mode. Several benchmark plate bending problems are presented to illustrate the accuracy and convergence of the plate element by comparing with the analytical solutions and displacement-based plate elements. The results show that the 8-node plate element produces fast convergence and accurate stress distributions in both the moderately thick and thin plate bending problems. The plate element is insensitive to mesh distortion and it can avoid the shear locking for thin plate analysis.

Improving convergence of incremental harmonic balance method using homotopy analysis method

We have deduced incremental harmonic balance an iteration scheme in the （IHB） method using the harmonic balance plus the Newton-Raphson method. Since the convergence of the iteration is dependent upon the initial values in the iteration, the convergent region is greatly restricted for some cases. In this contribution, in order to enlarge the convergent region of the IHB method, we constructed the zeroth-order deformation equation using the homotopy analysis method, in which the IHB method is employed to solve the deformation equation with an embedding parameter as the active increment. Taking the Duffing and the van der Pol equations as examples, we obtained the highly accurate solutions. Importantly, the presented approach renders a convenient way to control and adjust the convergence.

INCREMENTAL HARMONIC BALANCE METHOD FOR AIRFOIL FLUTTER WITH MULTIPLE STRONG NONLINEARITIES

The incremental harmonic balance method was extended to analyze the flutter of systems with multiple structural strong nonlinearities. The strongly nonlinear cubic plunging and pitching stiffness terms were considered in the flutter equations of two-dimensional airfoil. First, the equations were transferred into matrix form, then the vibration process was divided into the persistent incremental processes of vibration moments. And the expression of their solutions could be obtained by using a certain amplitude as control parameter in the harmonic balance process, and then the bifurcation, limit cycle flutter phenomena and the number of harmonic terms were analyzed. Finally, numerical results calculated by the Runge-Kutta method were given to verify the results obtained by the proposed procedure. It has been shown that the incremental harmonic method is effective and precise in the analysis of strongly nonlinear flutter with multiple structural nonlinearities.

Incremental harmonic balance method for periodic forced oscillation of a dielectric elastomer balloon

Dielectric elastomer(DE) is suitable in soft transducers for broad applications,among which many are subjected to dynamic loadings, either mechanical or electrical or both. The tuning behaviors of these DE devices call for an efficient and reliable method to analyze the dynamic response of DE. This remains to be a challenge since the resultant vibration equation of DE, for example, the vibration of a DE balloon considered here is highly nonlinear with higher-order power terms and time-dependent coefficients. Previous efforts toward this goal use largely the numerical integration method with the simple harmonic balance method as a supplement. The numerical integration and the simple harmonic balance method are inefficient for large parametric analysis or with difficulty in improving the solution accuracy. To overcome the weakness of these two methods,we describe formulations of the incremental harmonic balance(IHB) method for periodic forced solutions of such a unique system. Combined with an arc-length continuation technique, the proposed strategy can capture the whole solution branches, both stable and unstable, automatically with any desired accuracy.

DEFORMATION ANALYSIS OF SHEET METAL SINGLE-POINT INCREMENTAL FORMING BY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD SIMULATION

Single-point incremental forming （SPIF） is an innovational sheet metal forming method without dedicated dies, which belongs to rapid prototyping technology. In generalizing the SPIF of sheet metal, the deformation analysis on forming process becomes an important and useful method for the planning of shell products, the choice of material, the design of the forming process and the planning of the forming tool. Using solid brick elements, the finite element method（FEM） model of truncated pyramid was established. Based on the theory of anisotropy and assumed strain formulation, the SPIF processes with different parameters were simulated. The resulted comparison between the simulations and the experiments shows that the FEM model is feasible and effective. Then, according to the simulated forming process, the deformation pattern of SPIF can be summarized as the combination of plane-stretching deformation and bending deformation. And the study about the process parameters＇ impact on deformation shows that the process parameter of interlayer spacing is a dominant factor on the deformation. Decreasing interlayer spacing, the strain of one step decreases and the formability of blank will be improved. With bigger interlayer spacing, the plastic deformation zone increases and the forming force will be bigger.

THE ADAPTIVE PARAMETER INCREMENTAL METHOD FOR THE ANALYSIS OF SNAPPING PROBLEMS

By the improvement of Riks’and Crisfield’s arc-length method,the adaptiveparameter incremental method is preasted for predicting the snapping response ofstructures. Its justification is fulfilled. Finally,the effectiveness of this method isdemonstrated by solving the snapping response of spherical caps subjected to centrallydistributed pressures.

基于分布式潮流控制器的海上风电系统谐波治理方法和控制策略

由于电力电缆的电容效应,海上风电经电缆汇集系统极易出现谐波谐振放大的现象,造成电能质量的下降。分布式潮流控制器属于基于电压源换流器的装置,在进行潮流调节的同时也能进行谐波治理。文中首先构建了海上风电系统的频域相关模型,基于该模型分析了谐波谐振放大的原因;随后,采用了将分布式潮流控制器串入海上风电系统的谐波治理方式,推导并得到了含分布式潮流控制器的海上风电系统的谐波特性。基于该谐波特性,设计了一种控制策略。该策略通过控制分布式潮流控制器实时跟踪使并网点谐波电压幅值为零的谐波补偿电压,从而降低并网点的谐波电压含量。仿真结果表明,所提出的基于分布式潮流控制器的海上风电系统谐波治理方法和控制策略能够有效地降低并网点的谐波电压,改善电能质量。

基于混合算法的多峰值MPPT控制

针对光照不均匀时光伏阵列输出呈现非线性、多峰值的问题,提出一种基于自然选择粒子群(SelPSO)算法结合电导增量法(INC)的多峰值最大功率点追踪(MPPT)算法。SelPSO算法通过淘汰和替换迭代过程中适应度低的粒子,更快、更准确地完成对全局最大值点的搜索;使用INC进行局部跟踪,有效减少寻优过程中的功率振荡,达到最大功率点跟踪的目的。利用MATLAB/Simulink进行仿真试验。结果表明:与INC相比,SelPSO算法的功率振荡由12 W降至0.05 W;与PSO算法相比,跟踪时间由0.15 s缩短至0.07 s。该混合算法在复杂环境下具有较优的跟踪速度、收敛精度以及较低的功率波动。

海外已开发油田新井项目经济评价方法及影响参数研究

中国油气企业对中国境内已开发油气田开展新钻井经济评价工作时,主要采用直接增量法。受诸多因素制约,海外已开发油气田新钻井的经济评价不能简单应用直接增量法。国内与国外的已开发油气田在合同模式、财税制度、开发生产期限、弃置费等方面存在明显差异。对于海外已开发油气田新钻井进行经济评价,需要考虑合同模式和财税制度的国别差异、评价期的选取、投资成本估算、弃置作业及弃置费处理这些关键影响因素,采用“有无对比法”评价新钻井项目的经济性。应以合同有效期和油田经济寿命期二者中的较短值为评价期。对投资成本的处理应遵循“相关性”原则。新钻井延期支付油田弃置费的时间价值依资源国、合同条款的具体规定而异。

薄板几何非线性弯曲分析的深度能量法

发展了一种增量形式的深度能量法求解薄板几何非线性弯曲问题。根据最小势能原理和Von-Karman非线性理论,构建以薄板势能为驱动的增量式深度神经网络模型。首先用网格离散薄板求解域,通过Python读取网格数据计算Hammer积分点,并以此作为训练集代入网络模型预测板的弯曲位移,再将荷载分成一系列的荷载增量,每个增量步中计算薄板势能作为神经网络的损失函数,以最小化势能为目标,结合Adam优化算法更新网络模型参数,待势能取驻值后再继续下一个荷载步的计算。本文求解了不同形状、不同边界条件下薄板的几何非线性弯曲问题,并将计算结果与文献解或有限元Abaqus解进行对比,研究表明,本文方法在求解薄板的几何非线性弯曲问题上具备有效性和准确性,且增量式的神经网络模型能够减小计算内存,有效提高计算效率和模型的稳定性。

大跨径刚性悬链桁架桥不带加劲弦顶推施工技术

针对悬链形上加劲连续钢桁梁桥建造,提出不带加劲弦多点同步顶推施工技术,在边跨设置拼装平台,在中跨设置临时墩,分段拼装,顶推钢桁梁,最后吊装合龙加劲弦。在施工中,设置大临结构,以减小钢桁梁的悬臂长度,适应了钢桁梁拼装及顶推装置布置的要求;采用同步控制系统与纠偏装置,解决了多点同步顶推与钢桁梁线性控制的难题;通过有限元仿真分析,验证了顶推过程的可行性;采用落梁法,解决了钢桁主梁合龙及加劲弦合龙的难题。

基于改进布谷鸟搜索算法的光伏最大功率点跟踪策略

实际工程中,光伏阵列在随机变化的环境中会出现局部遮光的情况,从而导致光伏阵列的功率-电压特性曲线会呈现多峰值状态,传统的最大功率点跟踪(maximum power point tracking, MPPT)算法易陷入局部最优解,追踪速度和精准度无法得到满足。针对这一问题,提出一种基于布谷鸟搜索算法(cuckoo search algorithm, CS)和电导增量法(conductivity increment method, CI)结合的光伏MPPT算法,在算法前期利用布谷鸟搜索算法将大步长和小步长交替使用使得全局搜索能力增强,找到全局最大功率点所处区域附近;在后期,采用步长小、控制精度高的CI进行局部寻优,快速准确地锁定到最大功率点。在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建仿真模型,并与原始布谷鸟搜索算法和粒子群优化(particle swam optimization, PSO)算法进行比较。仿真结果表明,将CS与CI结合的算法使得收敛速度更快,精度更高,稳定状态时功率曲线的波动更小。

基于年际增量法的广西6月月降水量预测

利用广西87个气象站6月月平均降水量及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,通过普查1960—2021年广西6月月降水量年际增量与前期500 hPa位势高度场的相关性,选取影响广西6月降水异常相关性较高的前期预测因子,研究其主要影响机制,并采用模糊神经网络与熵度量相结合的方法构建月降水年际增量的集合预报模型,对预测模型进行1960—2013年的拟合检验和2014—2021年的独立样本预报检验。结果发现,该模型的预测准确率较高,独立样本的回报年份同号率为87.5%,拟合平均绝对误差为26.64 mm,拟合平均相对误差为9.06%,预报效果优于利用逐步回归方法构建的预测模型,而且模型性能比较稳定,具有较好的业务应用前景。

基于改进修正动员强度设计方法的软土基坑围护结构侧移预测

为了进一步优化软土地区基坑设计方法,提升基坑支护体系的安全性与经济性,在已有研究的基础上,根据工程实践经验,修正了MSD法和其改进方法 (MMSD法).基于圆弧滑动模式提出更符合实际的塑性变形机制,引入基坑开挖主要影响深度来量化位移场尺寸.理论计算方法适用于分析软黏土地区多支点式柔性支护结构的基坑开挖全过程的变形预测.将该方法的计算结果与6个上海地区的基坑工程实测数据、弹性支点法的计算结果及MMSD法的计算结果进行对比分析.对不同开挖阶段的围护结构最大侧移和最大侧移深度进行参数分析.结果表明,利用该方法得到的预测值与实测值吻合效果更佳,预测精度高于弹性支点法和MMSD法,证明了该方法的实用性.

中国南方冬季最低温延伸期预报方法尝试

未来10~30天的延伸期预报一直是当前的难点问题.本文针对对极端低温事件异常敏感的中国南方地区,构建了预报时效为25天的冬季最低温的有效延伸期预报模型.利用1979/1980—2019/2020年冬季日平均再分析资料,本文研究发现,在季节内尺度,相比于原始变量,利用当候值减去其5候前值的增量方法可以放大和延长预测信号.中国南方地区的土壤温度和平流层50 hPa位势高度作为影响南方冬季最低温的关键因子,它们通过影响西伯利亚地区环流异常、北大西洋涛动以及欧亚遥相关型,对中国南方冬季最低温进行调制.由于两个增量形式的关键因子具有50天的准周期性,存在超前5候的显著自相关,超前5候增量形式的土壤温度和平流层极涡异常可以有效预报我国南方最低温增量.将预报的最低温增量,加上5候前的观测,得到的独立试报时段(2009/2010—2019/2020年冬季)的最低温与观测的时间相关系数为0.45,极端低温日命中率为57%.本研究使用的增量方法可以为当前极端天气事件的延伸期预报提供新思路.

基于被动区土弹簧刚度降低过程的基坑围护结构计算增量法及软化p-y曲线

基坑围护结构的计算常采用基于杆系有限元的增量法,被动区土弹簧刚度在基坑开挖作用下发生动态降低导致土抗力软化,目前缺少在非线性地基模型基础上对该问题的研究。通过引入两个刚度变化系数来综合量化被动区土弹簧参数随基坑开挖的动态变化过程,建立了基于该过程的基坑围护结构计算增量法。针对非线性地基模型,提出了细化增量法进行数值计算。采用线弹性、理想弹塑性以及双曲线3种基本土弹簧模型计算得到被动区软化p-y曲线,对比显示,基于双曲线基本模型得到的等效水平抗力系数变化曲线更符合实际规律。工程实例计算显示,基于基本土弹簧为双曲线的计算结果与不同开挖阶段墙的位移监测数据对应更好。参数分析显示,与被动区土体极限抗力pu相关的刚度变化系数对计算结果影响较大,采用此方法应着重关注被动区pu的计算方法及开挖卸荷对pu的影响。

耐震时程法在大跨连续刚构桥纵向抗震性能评估中的应用

采用简化方法对大跨连续刚构桥的抗震性能进行高效和准确的评估,在该类桥梁的设计和加固改造时是非常必要的。耐震时程法作为一种评估桥梁抗震性能的简化方法,只需要一次时程分析就可以实现桥梁从完好到倒塌的全过程分析。为研究耐震时程法在评估大跨连续刚构桥纵向抗震性能的适用性与精确性,本文以一座大跨波形钢腹板连续刚构桥为研究对象,基于中国公路桥梁抗震设计规范设计反应谱,生成3条耐震加速度时程曲线作为地震输入,同时选择16条天然地震动进行增量动力分析,对比研究了该连续刚构桥地震响应特征。研究结果表明:耐震时程分析结果处于增量动力分析结果的包络线之内,耐震时程法中位值与增量动力分析结果的均值曲线吻合较好,因此,耐震时程分析方法可以作为大跨连续刚构桥抗震性能评估的一种高效率方法。

基于非线性能量阱的汽车传动系统扭振抑制研究

对非线性能量阱(nonlinear energy sink, NES)在汽车传动系统扭振抑制中的应用进行了研究。根据传动系统的结构和振动特点,建立了简化的3自由度传动系统-NES耦合动力学模型;基于增量谐波平衡法联合增量弧长法,推导并求解了耦合系统的频率响应,利用Floquet理论对周期解的稳定性进行判断;在频域和时域上对系统的非线性动力学响应及其影响因素进行了分析,并基于能量谱研究了NES的减振性能;最后,基于扩展的5自由度非线性模型对NES进行了参数优化和验证。结果表明,NES的减振性能受其自身刚度、阻尼及发动机激励幅值影响,合理设计NES参数可以高效抑制汽车传动系统的扭转共振,而不恰当的NES参数会促使系统发生高分支周期响应,导致异常振动峰值出现,经优化后的NES可以仅5%的惯量比使传动系统转速波动均方根值降低41.3%,减振效果显著。该研究可为NES在传动系统扭振抑制中的应用及其参数设计提供参考。