This article is devoted to the study of the system of indicators characterizing thevolume, structure and efficiency of the functioning of fixed assets of theproduction and non-production areas of the region based on t...This article is devoted to the study of the system of indicators characterizing thevolume, structure and efficiency of the functioning of fixed assets of theproduction and non-production areas of the region based on the index analysis.Through factorial index analysis, models of the relationship between the grossregional product, the cost of fixed assets and capital productivity (capitalintensity) of industries producing goods and providing services were obtained,to identify reserves for increasing of the analyzed indicators. The obtainedresults indicate a trend towards significant decrease in capital productivity inthe production sector, which should become the basis for making managerialdecisions at the regional level to attract investment. They can be used in thepractice of macroeconomic analysis and forecasting, for detailing the factors fordetermining the potential of economic sectors, the efficiency of using fixedassets, and attracting investments.展开更多
The Cheng index distinguishes indica andjaponica rice based on six taxonomic traits.This index has been widely used for classifi- cation of indica and japonica varieties in China.In this study,a double haploid(DH)popu...The Cheng index distinguishes indica andjaponica rice based on six taxonomic traits.This index has been widely used for classifi- cation of indica and japonica varieties in China.In this study,a double haploid(DH)popula-tion derived from anther culture of ZYQ8/JX17 F,a typical inter-subspecies hybrid,was used to investigate the six taxonomictraits,i.e.leaf hairiness(LH),color of hullwhen heading(CHH),hairiness of hull(HH),length of the first and second panicle internode(LPI),length/width of grain(L/W),andphenol reaction(PH).The morphological in- dex(MI)was also calculated.Based on themolecular linkage map constructed from this展开更多
1 Introduction The super-large Huize lead-zinc ore district is one of the most representative lead-zinc deposits in Northeastern Yunnan poly-metallic deposit concentration district.So far,studies(Liu and Lin,1999;Han ...1 Introduction The super-large Huize lead-zinc ore district is one of the most representative lead-zinc deposits in Northeastern Yunnan poly-metallic deposit concentration district.So far,studies(Liu and Lin,1999;Han et al.,2007)on the type of deposits like the Huize lead-zinc deposit,focused on deposit genesis,the sources of metallogenic materials,展开更多
The following outcomes can be observed according to the statistical analysis on the prosperity index of China’s natural gas industry:In the third quarter of 2017,the prosperity index of China’s natural gas industry ...The following outcomes can be observed according to the statistical analysis on the prosperity index of China’s natural gas industry:In the third quarter of 2017,the prosperity index of China’s natural gas industry was 53.67,which was in a normal business climate,slightly up compared with the prosperity index of 52.27 in the second quarter of 2017.The seasonal展开更多
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy(LARG)is the standard treatment for early-stage gastric carcinoma(GC).However,the negative impact of this proce-dure on respiratory function requires the optimized i...BACKGROUND Laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy(LARG)is the standard treatment for early-stage gastric carcinoma(GC).However,the negative impact of this proce-dure on respiratory function requires the optimized intraoperative management of patients in terms of ventilation.AIM To investigate the influence of pressure-controlled ventilation volume-guaranteed(PCV-VG)and volume-controlled ventilation(VCV)on blood gas analysis and pulmonary ventilation in patients undergoing LARG for GC based on the lung ultrasound score(LUS).METHODS The study included 103 patients with GC undergoing LARG from May 2020 to May 2023,with 52 cases undergoing PCV-VG(research group)and 51 cases undergoing VCV(control group).LUS were recorded at the time of entering the operating room(T0),20 minutes after anesthesia with endotracheal intubation(T1),30 minutes after artificial pneumoperitoneum(PP)establishment(T2),and 15 minutes after endotracheal tube removal(T5).For blood gas analysis,arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO_(2))and partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2))were observed.Peak airway pressure(P_(peak)),plateau pressure(Pplat),mean airway pressure(P_(mean)),and dynamic pulmonary compliance(C_(dyn))were recorded at T1 and T2,1 hour after PP establishment(T3),and at the end of the operation(T4).Postoperative pulmonary complications(PPCs)were recorded.Pre-and postoperative serum interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS Compared with those at T0,the whole,anterior,lateral,posterior,upper,lower,left,and right lung LUS of the research group were significantly reduced at T1,T2,and T5;in the control group,the LUS of the whole and partial lung regions(posterior,lower,and right lung)decreased significantly at T2,while at T5,the LUS of the whole and some regions(lateral,lower,and left lung)increased significantly.In comparison with the control group,the whole and regional LUS of the research group were reduced at T1,T2,and T5,with an increase in PaO_(2),decrease in PaCO_(2),reduction in P_(peak) at T1 to T4,increase in P_(mean) and C_(dyn),and decrease in Pplat at T4,all significant.The research group showed a significantly lower incidence of PPCs than the control group within 3 days postoperatively.Postoperative IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αsignificantly increased in both groups,with even higher levels in the control group.CONCLUSION LUS can indicate intraoperative non-uniformity and postural changes in pulmonary ventilation under PCV-VG and VCV.Under the lung protective ventilation strategy,the PCV-VG mode more significantly improved intraop-erative lung ventilation in patients undergoing LARG for GC and reduced lung injury-related cytokine production,thereby alleviating lung injury.展开更多
The method,in which a few carats of diamond grits are placed inside a capsule together with a steel ball,shaken for a number of times,and the unbroken ratio of the grits is then used to evaluate the quality of the dia...The method,in which a few carats of diamond grits are placed inside a capsule together with a steel ball,shaken for a number of times,and the unbroken ratio of the grits is then used to evaluate the quality of the diamond,has been well established for many years.However,the unbroken percentage,in an equivalent view,represents the impact toughness of the grits and cannot reflect the value of the crushing energy.Most of the previous empirical formulas obtained from experiments by scholars cannot be applied to practical tests.In this paper,a dimensional analysis was applied to investigate the impact toughness experiment,and the dimensionless relationship has been built among those variables such as the toughness index,the impact time,the impact frequency and the crushing energy per unit area.According to the results of a large number of experiments with synthetic diamond grits of mesh size 45/50,the percentage of the broken grits H is proportional to the impact time T^(1.14) when the impact frequency is 2400 r/min,and the impact frequency f^(2.576) when the number of impacts is 2000.展开更多
In recent years,the ecological environment along highways in Tibetan Plateau has been severely affected due to the rapid construction of highways.In order to solve the problems of multiple indicators and inconsistent ...In recent years,the ecological environment along highways in Tibetan Plateau has been severely affected due to the rapid construction of highways.In order to solve the problems of multiple indicators and inconsistent criteria in the ecological impact assessment of highways,and to scientifically screen assessment indicators,the paper proposes a multi-round indicator screening method,which combines literature analysis,expert rating,and statistical analysis.Based on this screening method,normalized difference vegetation index,land surface temperature,elevation,and normalized difference soil index are screened out.Combined with multiple linear regression,an ecological impact assessment model is established and applied to ecological impact assessment of Gonghe-Yushu Expressway.The results show that the expressway construction is the first driving force for the deterioration of the ecological environment along the roadside,and its interference range on the desert grassland ecosystem is greater than that on the agroforestry system.The ecological environment within 150 m on both sides of the expressway should be protected.展开更多
The seasonal and inter-annual variations of Arctic cyclone are investigated. An automatic cyclone tracking algorithm developed by University of Reading was applied on the basis of European Center for Medium-range Weat...The seasonal and inter-annual variations of Arctic cyclone are investigated. An automatic cyclone tracking algorithm developed by University of Reading was applied on the basis of European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) ERA-interim mean sea level pressure field with 6 h interval for 34 a period. The maximum number of the Arctic cyclones is counted in winter, and the minimum is in spring not in summer.About 50% of Arctic cyclones in summer generated from south of 70°N, moving into the Arctic. The number of Arctic cyclones has large inter-annual and seasonal variabilities, but no significant linear trend is detected for the period 1979–2012. The spatial distribution and linear trends of the Arctic cyclones track density show that the cyclone activity extent is the widest in summer with significant increasing trend in CRU(central Russia)subregion, and the largest track density is in winter with decreasing trend in the same subregion. The linear regressions between the cyclone track density and large-scale indices for the same period and pre-period sea ice area indices show that Arctic cyclone activities are closely linked to large-scale atmospheric circulations, such as Arctic Oscillation(AO), North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO) and Pacific-North American Pattern(PNA). Moreover,the pre-period sea ice area is significantly associated with the cyclone activities in some regions.展开更多
Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with a stepped raised-core profile and one layer equally spaced holes in the cladding are analyzed. Using effective index method and considering a raised step refractive index differen...Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with a stepped raised-core profile and one layer equally spaced holes in the cladding are analyzed. Using effective index method and considering a raised step refractive index difference between the index of the core and the effective index of the cladding, we improve the characteristic parameters such as numerical aperture and V-parameter, and reduce its bending loss to about one tenth of a conventional PCF. Implementing such a structure in PCFs may be one step forward to achieve low loss PCFs for communication applications.展开更多
This study analyzes live facial videos for recognizing nonverbal learning-related facial movements and head poses to discover the learning status of students. First, color and depth facial videos captured by a Kinect ...This study analyzes live facial videos for recognizing nonverbal learning-related facial movements and head poses to discover the learning status of students. First, color and depth facial videos captured by a Kinect are analyzed for face tracking using a three-dimensional (3D) active appearance model (AAM). Second, the facial feature vector sequences are used to train hidden Markov models (HMMs) to recognize seven learning-related facial movements (smile, blink, frown, shake, nod, yawn, and talk). The final stage involves the analysis of the facial movement vector sequence to evaluate three status scores (understanding, interaction, and consciousness), each represents the learning status of a student and is helpful to both teachers and students for improving teaching and learning. Five teaching activities demonstrate that the proposed learning status analysis system promotes the interpersonal communication between teachers and students.展开更多
The depth and breadth of participation in the global value chain(GVC)significantly impacts a country's fine particulate contamination(PM_(2.5))emissions.First,based on the GVC accounting framework,the sources of P...The depth and breadth of participation in the global value chain(GVC)significantly impacts a country's fine particulate contamination(PM_(2.5))emissions.First,based on the GVC accounting framework,the sources of PM_(2.5) emissions in China between 1990 and 2015 are identified and investigated considering production-side,consumption-side,and export-implied pollution.Then,index decomposition analysis(IDA)of emissions is conducted to further investigate the changes in and causes of air pollution in China.Throughout the analytical process,differences between the PM_(2.5) emissions in two time periods-one of rapid economic growth and another of the“new normal”economy-are compared.The results demonstrate that:China is embedded in high pollution links of GVCs;China transfers pollution to third-parties by importing intermediate products from resource-intensive countries in the global production system;extensive economic growth caused an increase in China's total PM_(2.5) emissions,but cleaner production technology can reduce the emissions intensity.Industrial restructuring under the“new normal”has increased China's short-term PM_(2.5) emissions intensity.These results suggest that China should optimize and upgrade its domestic economic structure and transform its export growth mode to deliver high added value and low pollution.Further,it should prioritize cooperation between the upstream and downstream value chain and accelerate the upgrading of its consumption structure in this new era.展开更多
Since the reform and opening up in 1978, the improving efficiency of resource allocation, particularly the flow and migration of agricultural workforce to non-agricultural sectors, has contributed greatly to China'...Since the reform and opening up in 1978, the improving efficiency of resource allocation, particularly the flow and migration of agricultural workforce to non-agricultural sectors, has contributed greatly to China's economic growth. However, scholars have seldom carried out continuous empirical study on the extent of such contribution mainly due to limited methods for the calculation of labor allocation effect. This paper employs the incremental analysis method of index to separate labor allocation effect from economic growth in order to conduct an analysis on such effect under the framework of economic growth. Using this approach, this paper has calculated the labor allocation effect during various periods of time in China between 1978 and 2014 and the results indicate that the flow and migration of labor constituted the major source of China's economic growth during the periods between 1978 and 1987, between 1992 and 1998 and between 2003 and 2014 and still have great potentials in the coming decade. After 2025, the labor allocation effect will diminish and is likely to become a factor that hinders economic growth.展开更多
Decomposition analysis has been widely used to assess the determinants of energy and CO_(2)emissions in academic research and policy studies.Both the methodology and application of decomposition analysis have been lar...Decomposition analysis has been widely used to assess the determinants of energy and CO_(2)emissions in academic research and policy studies.Both the methodology and application of decomposition analysis have been largely improved in the past decades.After more than 50 years’developments,decomposition studies have become increasingly sophisticated and diversified,and tend to converge internally and integrate with other analytical approaches externally.A good understanding of the literature and state of the art is critical to identify knowledge gaps and formulate future research agenda.To this end,this study presents a literature survey for decomposition analysis applied to energy and emission issues,with a focus on the period of 2016–2021.A review for three individual decomposition techniques is first conducted,followed by a synthesis of emerging trends and features for the decomposition analysis literature as a whole.The findings are expected to direct future research in decomposition analysis.展开更多
Juri is a biodiversity-rich primary forest in Bangladesh, which remains ecologically unexplored. We identified tree species and examined the richness, alpha(a)diversity and floristic similarity patterns within the i...Juri is a biodiversity-rich primary forest in Bangladesh, which remains ecologically unexplored. We identified tree species and examined the richness, alpha(a)diversity and floristic similarity patterns within the identified communities. Vegetation and environmental data were sampled in 120(0.04 ha) study plots. Tree communities were delimited by two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN). In total, 78 tree species of 35 families and58 genera were identified. TWINSPAN identified six tree communities: A—Tricalysia singularis; B—Kydia calycina-Castanopsis tribuloides; C—Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora; D—Ficus roxburghii; E—Artocarpus lacucha; F—Artocarpus lacucha. Mean richness, Shannon and Gini-Simpson indices were highest for the Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora community, while Ficus roxburghii showed lowest diversity. Significant differences(p = 0.05) in three diversity indices were recorded between Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora and Ficus roxburghii. Tree compositional similarity was greatest between Kydia calycina-Castanopsis tribuloides and Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora(0.712).展开更多
Objective To evaluate the predictive value and impact for the index of microcirculatory resistance(IMR)in myocardial infarction(MI)patients with elective percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)for treating coronary ar...Objective To evaluate the predictive value and impact for the index of microcirculatory resistance(IMR)in myocardial infarction(MI)patients with elective percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)for treating coronary artery occlusion.Methods A total of 34 patients with STEMI or non-STEMI treated after 12h time window展开更多
China has large regional disparities in carbon dioxide CO_(2) emissions with economic development among its 31 provincial mainland regions.This paper investigates these disparities in CO_(2) emission patterns and iden...China has large regional disparities in carbon dioxide CO_(2) emissions with economic development among its 31 provincial mainland regions.This paper investigates these disparities in CO_(2) emission patterns and identifies the factors underlying the differences.Results show that the 30 study China's mainland provinces(Tibet not included)can be divided into seven groups with three typical CO_(2) emission patterns.Index decomposition results indicate that changes in economic development,the industrial sector,and technology contribute far more to increased CO_(2) emissions than do population,energy structure,and other sectors.Close inspection reveals that different industry structures and technology contribute greatly to the differences observed in CO_(2) emissions between provinces with similar economic output.This study highlights the importance of region-specific industrial structure adjustment policies,especially for regions transitioning to heavy industry and for those still in the primary stages of industrialization.The potential application of a domestic carbon emissions trading system,to encourage regional investment in updated technology,is also discussed.展开更多
Automatic content analysis of sports videos is a valuable and challenging task. Motivated by analogies between a class of sports videos and languages, the authors propose a novel approach for sports video analysis bas...Automatic content analysis of sports videos is a valuable and challenging task. Motivated by analogies between a class of sports videos and languages, the authors propose a novel approach for sports video analysis based on compiler principles. It integrates both semantic analysis and syntactic analysis to automatically create an index and a table of contents for a sports video. Each shot of the video sequence is first annotated and indexed with semantic labels through detection of events using domain knowledge. A grammar-based parser is then constructed to identify the tree structure of the video content based on the labels. Meanwhile, the grammar can be used to detect and recover errors during the analysis. As a case study, a sports video parsing system is presented in the particular domain of diving. Experimental results indicate the proposed approach is effective. Keywords sports video - event detection - grammar - video retrieval - content analysis and index This work was supported in part by the State Physical Culture Administration of China under Grant No.02005.Fei Wang was born in 1977. He is a Ph.D. candidate at Institute of Computing Technology (ICT), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). He received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University in 1999 and the M.S degree in computer science from Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2001. His current research interests include content-based video analysis and retrieval.Jin-Tao Li was born in 1962. He is a professor and Ph.D. supervisor at ICT, CAS. His main research areas include multimedia data compression, virtual reality, and home network.Yong-Dong Zhang was born in 1973. He is an associate professor at ICT, CAS. His main research areas include multimedia data compression and multimedia information retrieval.Shou-Xun Lin was born in 1948. He is a professor and Ph.D. supervisor at ICT, CAS. His main research areas include multimedia technology and systems.展开更多
文摘This article is devoted to the study of the system of indicators characterizing thevolume, structure and efficiency of the functioning of fixed assets of theproduction and non-production areas of the region based on the index analysis.Through factorial index analysis, models of the relationship between the grossregional product, the cost of fixed assets and capital productivity (capitalintensity) of industries producing goods and providing services were obtained,to identify reserves for increasing of the analyzed indicators. The obtainedresults indicate a trend towards significant decrease in capital productivity inthe production sector, which should become the basis for making managerialdecisions at the regional level to attract investment. They can be used in thepractice of macroeconomic analysis and forecasting, for detailing the factors fordetermining the potential of economic sectors, the efficiency of using fixedassets, and attracting investments.
文摘The Cheng index distinguishes indica andjaponica rice based on six taxonomic traits.This index has been widely used for classifi- cation of indica and japonica varieties in China.In this study,a double haploid(DH)popula-tion derived from anther culture of ZYQ8/JX17 F,a typical inter-subspecies hybrid,was used to investigate the six taxonomictraits,i.e.leaf hairiness(LH),color of hullwhen heading(CHH),hairiness of hull(HH),length of the first and second panicle internode(LPI),length/width of grain(L/W),andphenol reaction(PH).The morphological in- dex(MI)was also calculated.Based on themolecular linkage map constructed from this
基金supported by the Funds for the program of the National Natural Science Foundation (Noes. 41572060, U1133602)Projects of YM Lab (2011)Innovation Team of Yunnan province and KMUST (2008,2012)
文摘1 Introduction The super-large Huize lead-zinc ore district is one of the most representative lead-zinc deposits in Northeastern Yunnan poly-metallic deposit concentration district.So far,studies(Liu and Lin,1999;Han et al.,2007)on the type of deposits like the Huize lead-zinc deposit,focused on deposit genesis,the sources of metallogenic materials,
文摘The following outcomes can be observed according to the statistical analysis on the prosperity index of China’s natural gas industry:In the third quarter of 2017,the prosperity index of China’s natural gas industry was 53.67,which was in a normal business climate,slightly up compared with the prosperity index of 52.27 in the second quarter of 2017.The seasonal
文摘BACKGROUND Laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy(LARG)is the standard treatment for early-stage gastric carcinoma(GC).However,the negative impact of this proce-dure on respiratory function requires the optimized intraoperative management of patients in terms of ventilation.AIM To investigate the influence of pressure-controlled ventilation volume-guaranteed(PCV-VG)and volume-controlled ventilation(VCV)on blood gas analysis and pulmonary ventilation in patients undergoing LARG for GC based on the lung ultrasound score(LUS).METHODS The study included 103 patients with GC undergoing LARG from May 2020 to May 2023,with 52 cases undergoing PCV-VG(research group)and 51 cases undergoing VCV(control group).LUS were recorded at the time of entering the operating room(T0),20 minutes after anesthesia with endotracheal intubation(T1),30 minutes after artificial pneumoperitoneum(PP)establishment(T2),and 15 minutes after endotracheal tube removal(T5).For blood gas analysis,arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO_(2))and partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2))were observed.Peak airway pressure(P_(peak)),plateau pressure(Pplat),mean airway pressure(P_(mean)),and dynamic pulmonary compliance(C_(dyn))were recorded at T1 and T2,1 hour after PP establishment(T3),and at the end of the operation(T4).Postoperative pulmonary complications(PPCs)were recorded.Pre-and postoperative serum interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS Compared with those at T0,the whole,anterior,lateral,posterior,upper,lower,left,and right lung LUS of the research group were significantly reduced at T1,T2,and T5;in the control group,the LUS of the whole and partial lung regions(posterior,lower,and right lung)decreased significantly at T2,while at T5,the LUS of the whole and some regions(lateral,lower,and left lung)increased significantly.In comparison with the control group,the whole and regional LUS of the research group were reduced at T1,T2,and T5,with an increase in PaO_(2),decrease in PaCO_(2),reduction in P_(peak) at T1 to T4,increase in P_(mean) and C_(dyn),and decrease in Pplat at T4,all significant.The research group showed a significantly lower incidence of PPCs than the control group within 3 days postoperatively.Postoperative IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αsignificantly increased in both groups,with even higher levels in the control group.CONCLUSION LUS can indicate intraoperative non-uniformity and postural changes in pulmonary ventilation under PCV-VG and VCV.Under the lung protective ventilation strategy,the PCV-VG mode more significantly improved intraop-erative lung ventilation in patients undergoing LARG for GC and reduced lung injury-related cytokine production,thereby alleviating lung injury.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11572047)
文摘The method,in which a few carats of diamond grits are placed inside a capsule together with a steel ball,shaken for a number of times,and the unbroken ratio of the grits is then used to evaluate the quality of the diamond,has been well established for many years.However,the unbroken percentage,in an equivalent view,represents the impact toughness of the grits and cannot reflect the value of the crushing energy.Most of the previous empirical formulas obtained from experiments by scholars cannot be applied to practical tests.In this paper,a dimensional analysis was applied to investigate the impact toughness experiment,and the dimensionless relationship has been built among those variables such as the toughness index,the impact time,the impact frequency and the crushing energy per unit area.According to the results of a large number of experiments with synthetic diamond grits of mesh size 45/50,the percentage of the broken grits H is proportional to the impact time T^(1.14) when the impact frequency is 2400 r/min,and the impact frequency f^(2.576) when the number of impacts is 2000.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.41801387)。
文摘In recent years,the ecological environment along highways in Tibetan Plateau has been severely affected due to the rapid construction of highways.In order to solve the problems of multiple indicators and inconsistent criteria in the ecological impact assessment of highways,and to scientifically screen assessment indicators,the paper proposes a multi-round indicator screening method,which combines literature analysis,expert rating,and statistical analysis.Based on this screening method,normalized difference vegetation index,land surface temperature,elevation,and normalized difference soil index are screened out.Combined with multiple linear regression,an ecological impact assessment model is established and applied to ecological impact assessment of Gonghe-Yushu Expressway.The results show that the expressway construction is the first driving force for the deterioration of the ecological environment along the roadside,and its interference range on the desert grassland ecosystem is greater than that on the agroforestry system.The ecological environment within 150 m on both sides of the expressway should be protected.
基金The Chinese Polar Environment Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment Programmes under contract No.2016-04-03the National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2016YFC1402701
文摘The seasonal and inter-annual variations of Arctic cyclone are investigated. An automatic cyclone tracking algorithm developed by University of Reading was applied on the basis of European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) ERA-interim mean sea level pressure field with 6 h interval for 34 a period. The maximum number of the Arctic cyclones is counted in winter, and the minimum is in spring not in summer.About 50% of Arctic cyclones in summer generated from south of 70°N, moving into the Arctic. The number of Arctic cyclones has large inter-annual and seasonal variabilities, but no significant linear trend is detected for the period 1979–2012. The spatial distribution and linear trends of the Arctic cyclones track density show that the cyclone activity extent is the widest in summer with significant increasing trend in CRU(central Russia)subregion, and the largest track density is in winter with decreasing trend in the same subregion. The linear regressions between the cyclone track density and large-scale indices for the same period and pre-period sea ice area indices show that Arctic cyclone activities are closely linked to large-scale atmospheric circulations, such as Arctic Oscillation(AO), North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO) and Pacific-North American Pattern(PNA). Moreover,the pre-period sea ice area is significantly associated with the cyclone activities in some regions.
文摘Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with a stepped raised-core profile and one layer equally spaced holes in the cladding are analyzed. Using effective index method and considering a raised step refractive index difference between the index of the core and the effective index of the cladding, we improve the characteristic parameters such as numerical aperture and V-parameter, and reduce its bending loss to about one tenth of a conventional PCF. Implementing such a structure in PCFs may be one step forward to achieve low loss PCFs for communication applications.
文摘This study analyzes live facial videos for recognizing nonverbal learning-related facial movements and head poses to discover the learning status of students. First, color and depth facial videos captured by a Kinect are analyzed for face tracking using a three-dimensional (3D) active appearance model (AAM). Second, the facial feature vector sequences are used to train hidden Markov models (HMMs) to recognize seven learning-related facial movements (smile, blink, frown, shake, nod, yawn, and talk). The final stage involves the analysis of the facial movement vector sequence to evaluate three status scores (understanding, interaction, and consciousness), each represents the learning status of a student and is helpful to both teachers and students for improving teaching and learning. Five teaching activities demonstrate that the proposed learning status analysis system promotes the interpersonal communication between teachers and students.
基金This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant number.72173100,71703130,71803159,71903157]The Soft Science Research Program of Sichuan Province[Grant number.2021JDR0133]the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[Grant number.JBK2103003,JBK1805006].
文摘The depth and breadth of participation in the global value chain(GVC)significantly impacts a country's fine particulate contamination(PM_(2.5))emissions.First,based on the GVC accounting framework,the sources of PM_(2.5) emissions in China between 1990 and 2015 are identified and investigated considering production-side,consumption-side,and export-implied pollution.Then,index decomposition analysis(IDA)of emissions is conducted to further investigate the changes in and causes of air pollution in China.Throughout the analytical process,differences between the PM_(2.5) emissions in two time periods-one of rapid economic growth and another of the“new normal”economy-are compared.The results demonstrate that:China is embedded in high pollution links of GVCs;China transfers pollution to third-parties by importing intermediate products from resource-intensive countries in the global production system;extensive economic growth caused an increase in China's total PM_(2.5) emissions,but cleaner production technology can reduce the emissions intensity.Industrial restructuring under the“new normal”has increased China's short-term PM_(2.5) emissions intensity.These results suggest that China should optimize and upgrade its domestic economic structure and transform its export growth mode to deliver high added value and low pollution.Further,it should prioritize cooperation between the upstream and downstream value chain and accelerate the upgrading of its consumption structure in this new era.
文摘Since the reform and opening up in 1978, the improving efficiency of resource allocation, particularly the flow and migration of agricultural workforce to non-agricultural sectors, has contributed greatly to China's economic growth. However, scholars have seldom carried out continuous empirical study on the extent of such contribution mainly due to limited methods for the calculation of labor allocation effect. This paper employs the incremental analysis method of index to separate labor allocation effect from economic growth in order to conduct an analysis on such effect under the framework of economic growth. Using this approach, this paper has calculated the labor allocation effect during various periods of time in China between 1978 and 2014 and the results indicate that the flow and migration of labor constituted the major source of China's economic growth during the periods between 1978 and 1987, between 1992 and 1998 and between 2003 and 2014 and still have great potentials in the coming decade. After 2025, the labor allocation effect will diminish and is likely to become a factor that hinders economic growth.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.72222020,72173134,71934007 and 71804189)the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22&ZD106).
文摘Decomposition analysis has been widely used to assess the determinants of energy and CO_(2)emissions in academic research and policy studies.Both the methodology and application of decomposition analysis have been largely improved in the past decades.After more than 50 years’developments,decomposition studies have become increasingly sophisticated and diversified,and tend to converge internally and integrate with other analytical approaches externally.A good understanding of the literature and state of the art is critical to identify knowledge gaps and formulate future research agenda.To this end,this study presents a literature survey for decomposition analysis applied to energy and emission issues,with a focus on the period of 2016–2021.A review for three individual decomposition techniques is first conducted,followed by a synthesis of emerging trends and features for the decomposition analysis literature as a whole.The findings are expected to direct future research in decomposition analysis.
基金funded by the University Grant Commission (UGC), Bangladesh
文摘Juri is a biodiversity-rich primary forest in Bangladesh, which remains ecologically unexplored. We identified tree species and examined the richness, alpha(a)diversity and floristic similarity patterns within the identified communities. Vegetation and environmental data were sampled in 120(0.04 ha) study plots. Tree communities were delimited by two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN). In total, 78 tree species of 35 families and58 genera were identified. TWINSPAN identified six tree communities: A—Tricalysia singularis; B—Kydia calycina-Castanopsis tribuloides; C—Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora; D—Ficus roxburghii; E—Artocarpus lacucha; F—Artocarpus lacucha. Mean richness, Shannon and Gini-Simpson indices were highest for the Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora community, while Ficus roxburghii showed lowest diversity. Significant differences(p = 0.05) in three diversity indices were recorded between Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora and Ficus roxburghii. Tree compositional similarity was greatest between Kydia calycina-Castanopsis tribuloides and Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora(0.712).
文摘Objective To evaluate the predictive value and impact for the index of microcirculatory resistance(IMR)in myocardial infarction(MI)patients with elective percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)for treating coronary artery occlusion.Methods A total of 34 patients with STEMI or non-STEMI treated after 12h time window
基金This research was supported by the Environment Research and Technology development Fund(S-6,E-0806)of the Ministry of the Environment,KAKENHI(21612005,20330050)Japan and the Nagoya University Global COE(Center of Excellence)Program“From Earth System Science to Basic and Clinical Environmental Studies”(GCOE-BCES)of the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology(MEXT)of Japan.
文摘China has large regional disparities in carbon dioxide CO_(2) emissions with economic development among its 31 provincial mainland regions.This paper investigates these disparities in CO_(2) emission patterns and identifies the factors underlying the differences.Results show that the 30 study China's mainland provinces(Tibet not included)can be divided into seven groups with three typical CO_(2) emission patterns.Index decomposition results indicate that changes in economic development,the industrial sector,and technology contribute far more to increased CO_(2) emissions than do population,energy structure,and other sectors.Close inspection reveals that different industry structures and technology contribute greatly to the differences observed in CO_(2) emissions between provinces with similar economic output.This study highlights the importance of region-specific industrial structure adjustment policies,especially for regions transitioning to heavy industry and for those still in the primary stages of industrialization.The potential application of a domestic carbon emissions trading system,to encourage regional investment in updated technology,is also discussed.
文摘Automatic content analysis of sports videos is a valuable and challenging task. Motivated by analogies between a class of sports videos and languages, the authors propose a novel approach for sports video analysis based on compiler principles. It integrates both semantic analysis and syntactic analysis to automatically create an index and a table of contents for a sports video. Each shot of the video sequence is first annotated and indexed with semantic labels through detection of events using domain knowledge. A grammar-based parser is then constructed to identify the tree structure of the video content based on the labels. Meanwhile, the grammar can be used to detect and recover errors during the analysis. As a case study, a sports video parsing system is presented in the particular domain of diving. Experimental results indicate the proposed approach is effective. Keywords sports video - event detection - grammar - video retrieval - content analysis and index This work was supported in part by the State Physical Culture Administration of China under Grant No.02005.Fei Wang was born in 1977. He is a Ph.D. candidate at Institute of Computing Technology (ICT), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). He received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University in 1999 and the M.S degree in computer science from Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2001. His current research interests include content-based video analysis and retrieval.Jin-Tao Li was born in 1962. He is a professor and Ph.D. supervisor at ICT, CAS. His main research areas include multimedia data compression, virtual reality, and home network.Yong-Dong Zhang was born in 1973. He is an associate professor at ICT, CAS. His main research areas include multimedia data compression and multimedia information retrieval.Shou-Xun Lin was born in 1948. He is a professor and Ph.D. supervisor at ICT, CAS. His main research areas include multimedia technology and systems.