Ecological evaluation of marine macroalgal communities on five islands of Korea in the Yellow Sea

Macroalgae have long been used as biological indicators of marine ecosystem health worldwide due to their ecological importance and sensitivity to environmental stress.A number of previous studies have utilized macroalgal communities in monitoring surveys of environmental conditions.This study examined the characteristics and patterns of marine macroalgal communities in the Yellow Sea off the western coast of Korea.Macroalgae were analyzed for the number of species,biomass,and coverage ratio by macroalgal type.During the study period,82 macroalgal species(10 green algae,17 brown algae,and 55 red algae)were identified at the five study sites,with the highest number of species found at Gwanrido and Uido(both containing 41 species)and the lowest at Daeijakdo(27 species).The average biomass(via dry weight)was 98.63 g/m^(2),consisting of green algae(8.39 g/m^(2)),brown algae(35.08 g/m^(2)),and red algae(55.16 g/m^(2)).The dominant macroalgae species in terms of biomass were Corallina pilulifera,Sargassum thunbergii,and Ulva australis in the intertidal zones,and Botryocladia wrightii and Gelidium elegans in the subtidal zones.Richness,evenness,and diversity indices based on the biomass of abundant species were 5.08,0.65,and 2.30,respectively,over the entire study area.Based on the evaluation of the environmental states by the community indices,overall,the Ecological Evaluation Index of macroalgae communities in the study area was marked as“Good-Moderate”,but was determined as“ModerateLow”at several sites during summer.The results can be a direct approach in the assessment of coastal habitats in which anthropogenic as well as climate change influences persist.

Analysis of Selecting Gated Community as Opening Its Micro-Inter-Road Network

The opening of gated community to expand the micro-road network in the urban traffic system is a hot topic on the urban congestion. To satisfy the demand of opening early choosing case, this paper proposed a comprehensive selecting framework on qualified communities and its appropriate opening time. Firstly, the static influential factors on internal road structure, boundary road structure and traffic flow are qualitatively analyzed. Then, an evaluation opening state index system based on describing accurately traffic flow state is obtained, which takes the opening factors into account at the boundary road network. In this structure, the modified fuzzy C-means (FCM) method calculates the fuzzy entropy weight and range of each opening states index. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed method is capable of selecting qualified community and the optimum opening time.

南湾水库底栖动物群落结构初步研究

为了解南湾水库底栖动物现状,于2015～2016年对该水库按季节进行了周年调查。调查中共检出20种(水生昆虫12种,寡毛类7种,其他类群1种),全年优势种为霍甫水丝蚓、德永摇蚊和前突摇蚊。经MRPP检验,底栖动物群落结构存在季节差异,春季显著不同于夏秋冬季,且夏秋冬季群落结构差异不显著。底栖动物平均密度和生物量分别为171.43 ind./m2和0.503 4 g/m2,寡毛类对密度的贡献比为75.20%,水生昆虫对生物量的贡献比为80.65%。底栖动物密度和生物量季节差异显著,Shannon-wiener指数春季>冬季>夏季>秋季。群落状态指数(Integral Index of Communities State,IICS)季节差异显著,南湾水库水生态状况春冬季要好于夏秋季。底栖动物现存量处于较低水平可能与该水库季节性水温分层现象突出以及水体处于富营养状态有关。结合水质理化指标,该水库采用IICS指数对水生态状态进行定量评估较为适宜。根据IICS指数与环境因子相关性分析结果,发现随着水温的升高,藻类的过度旺盛生长对底栖动物种群具有一定的抑制作用,特别是水体交换率较低且存在较长时间温跃层的水库。