This paper reviews the achievements of some typical non-governmental organizations （NGOs） in reducing black carbon emissions from shipping which enjoy the consultative status offered by the International Maritime Or...This paper reviews the achievements of some typical non-governmental organizations （NGOs） in reducing black carbon emissions from shipping which enjoy the consultative status offered by the International Maritime Organization. It discusses the roles of the specific NGOs in dealing with black carbon in the Arctic region from the perspective of global governance to gain insights to guide our involvements in the Arctic affairs and shipping in the region by taking the advantages of NGOs＇ influence on the proceedings of international negotiations, our national policy development, the improvement of industrial practices and public perceptions.展开更多
Social donation is a means for individuals,government organizations,and non-government organizations(NGOs)to provide public products and services for society.Seeking social donation is vital in the improvement of the ...Social donation is a means for individuals,government organizations,and non-government organizations(NGOs)to provide public products and services for society.Seeking social donation is vital in the improvement of the university.This paper probes into the relationship between social donation and university development by comparing social donation levels and practices in China with those in the U.S.The main reasons why social donations in Chinese universities are relatively low are as follows:(1)independent NGOs have not been formed;(2)the system and mechanism of social donation are not perfect,and(3)many restricting factors of social culture still exist in China.展开更多
基金the Polar Research Institute of China for their funding
文摘This paper reviews the achievements of some typical non-governmental organizations （NGOs） in reducing black carbon emissions from shipping which enjoy the consultative status offered by the International Maritime Organization. It discusses the roles of the specific NGOs in dealing with black carbon in the Arctic region from the perspective of global governance to gain insights to guide our involvements in the Arctic affairs and shipping in the region by taking the advantages of NGOs＇ influence on the proceedings of international negotiations, our national policy development, the improvement of industrial practices and public perceptions.
文摘Social donation is a means for individuals,government organizations,and non-government organizations(NGOs)to provide public products and services for society.Seeking social donation is vital in the improvement of the university.This paper probes into the relationship between social donation and university development by comparing social donation levels and practices in China with those in the U.S.The main reasons why social donations in Chinese universities are relatively low are as follows:(1)independent NGOs have not been formed;(2)the system and mechanism of social donation are not perfect,and(3)many restricting factors of social culture still exist in China.
