The development of laser sampling for optical emission spectrometry is reviewed . Advantages and limitations of pulsed laser sampling are compared with those of continuous laser sampling . A novel method of laser samp...The development of laser sampling for optical emission spectrometry is reviewed . Advantages and limitations of pulsed laser sampling are compared with those of continuous laser sampling . A novel method of laser sampling of liquid samples for inductively coupled plasma -atomic emission spectrometry has been proposed , and its analytical performance investigated.Experimental results showed that,as a method of sample introduction , laser vaporization of liquid samples enjoyed certain advantages , e.g.,much higher sensitivity, much lower detection limit and reduced sample volume , over solution nebulization . A perspective of the application of laser sampling-inductively coupled plasma - actomic emission spectrometry for rock and mineral analysis is estimated as well.展开更多
A Kalman filter was developed for correction of wing interference in ICP-AES.Modeling wing interference theoretically instead of experimentally, the filter can compensate the shift in wavelength position in scans, and...A Kalman filter was developed for correction of wing interference in ICP-AES.Modeling wing interference theoretically instead of experimentally, the filter can compensate the shift in wavelength position in scans, and therefore reduce the effect of the interference on detection limit.展开更多
An experimental setup was built up to carry out radio frequency (RF) inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), and to depict the optical emission spectra (OES) of the discharges. OES fro...An experimental setup was built up to carry out radio frequency (RF) inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), and to depict the optical emission spectra (OES) of the discharges. OES from argon ICP and DBD plasmas in visible and near ultraviolet region were measured. For argon ICP, the higher RF power input (higher than 500 W for our machine), the higher degree of argon plasma ionization. But that doesn't mean a higher mean electron energy. With the increase in the power input, the mean electron energy increases slightly, whereas the density of electron increases apparently On the contrary, argon DBD discharge behaves in the manner of a pulsed DC discharge on optical emission spectroscopy and V-I characteristics. DBD current is composed of a series of pulses equally spaced in temporal domain. The Kinetics of DBD emission strength is mainly governed by the frequency of the current pulse.展开更多
The phylogenetic relationship for classification traits and eight mineral elements in brown rice （Oryza sativa L.） from Yunnan Province in China was carried out using microwave assisted digestion followed by inducti...The phylogenetic relationship for classification traits and eight mineral elements in brown rice （Oryza sativa L.） from Yunnan Province in China was carried out using microwave assisted digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, and the analytical procedures were carefully controlled and validated. In general, the results show that the mean levels of K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Cu in brown rice for 789 accessions of rice landraces was distinctly lower than that of improved cultivars. They further demonstrate that Ca plays an important role in the differentiation of subspecies indica-japonica, especially to enhance adaptation of cold stress, and that five mineral elements in brown rice enhance the eurytopicity from landrace to improved cultivar. Hierarchical cluster analysis, using average linkage from SPSS software based on eight mineral elements in brown rice, showed that Yunnan rice could be grouped into rice landrace and improved cultivar, with the rice landrace being further clustered into five subgroups, and that, interestingly, purple rice does not cluster with either of the groups. Our present data confirm that indica is the closest relative of late rice and white rice, and that they constitute rice landraces together, whereas japonica is the closest relatives of non-nuda, early-mid and glutinous rice. It is further shown that japonica, non-nuda, early-mid, glutinous, white and red rice might be more primitive than indica, nuda, late, non-glutinous and purple rice, respectively.展开更多
The ion line of 434.8 nm and atom line of 419.8 nm of Ar plasma produced by an inductively coupled plasma （ICP） were measured by optical emission spectroscopy and the influences from the working gas pressure, radio-...The ion line of 434.8 nm and atom line of 419.8 nm of Ar plasma produced by an inductively coupled plasma （ICP） were measured by optical emission spectroscopy and the influences from the working gas pressure, radio-frequency （RF） power and different positions in the discharge chamber on the line intensities were investigated in this study. It was found that the intensity of Ar atom line increased firstly and then saturated with the increase of the pressure. The line intensity of Ar^＋, on the other hand, reached a maximum value and then decreased along with the pressure. The intensity of the line in an RF discharge also demonstrated a jumping mode and a hysteresis phenomenon with the RF power. When the RF power increased to 400 W, the discharge jumped from the E-mode to the H-mode where the line intensity of Ar atom demonstrated a sudden increase, while the intensity of Ar^＋ ion only changed slightly. If the RF power decreased from a high value, e.g., 1000 W, the discharge would jump from the H-mode back to the E-mode at a power of 300 W. At this time the intensities of Ar and Ar^＋ lines would also decrease sharply. It was also noticed in this paper that the intensity of the ion line depended on the detective location in the chamber, namely at the bottom of the chamber the line was more intense than that in the middle of the chamber, but less intense than at the top, which is considered to be related to the capacitance coupling ability of the ICP plasma in different discharge areas.展开更多
考察了消解方式、消解酸体系、升温时间和目标温度对样品消解效果的影响,提出了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定钛及钛合金中Fe、Si、Mn、Mo、B、Al、Sn、Cr、V、Zr、Mg、Nb、Pd、Ni、Ta、W、Nd、Ru、Cu等19...考察了消解方式、消解酸体系、升温时间和目标温度对样品消解效果的影响,提出了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定钛及钛合金中Fe、Si、Mn、Mo、B、Al、Sn、Cr、V、Zr、Mg、Nb、Pd、Ni、Ta、W、Nd、Ru、Cu等19种元素含量的方法。取0.1000 g钛及钛合金样品置于聚四氟乙烯消解罐中,再加入8.0 mL 33%(体积分数)盐酸溶液、3.0 mL 25%(体积分数)氢氟酸溶液、1.0 mL 50%(体积分数)硝酸溶液和0.5 mL高氯酸,将其置于微波消解仪于最高消解温度120℃下保持10 min,冷却至室温,用水将消解液定容至50 mL,采用ICP-AES测定质量分数不大于1.0%的元素,将样品溶液稀释10倍,同法测定质量分数大于1.0%的元素。结果表明,19种元素的质量浓度在一定范围内与对应的响应强度呈线性关系,检出限(3s)为0.006~0.033 mg·L^(-1)。对4种钛合金标准样品和3种钛合金实际样品进行分析,并与标准方法GB/T 4698系列的测定结果进行对比,结果显示本方法的测定值与认定值基本一致。以两种钛合金标准样品和两种钛合金实际样品为研究对象进行精密度试验,每个样品平行测定5次,测定值的相对标准偏差均小于4.0%。展开更多
文摘The development of laser sampling for optical emission spectrometry is reviewed . Advantages and limitations of pulsed laser sampling are compared with those of continuous laser sampling . A novel method of laser sampling of liquid samples for inductively coupled plasma -atomic emission spectrometry has been proposed , and its analytical performance investigated.Experimental results showed that,as a method of sample introduction , laser vaporization of liquid samples enjoyed certain advantages , e.g.,much higher sensitivity, much lower detection limit and reduced sample volume , over solution nebulization . A perspective of the application of laser sampling-inductively coupled plasma - actomic emission spectrometry for rock and mineral analysis is estimated as well.
文摘A Kalman filter was developed for correction of wing interference in ICP-AES.Modeling wing interference theoretically instead of experimentally, the filter can compensate the shift in wavelength position in scans, and therefore reduce the effect of the interference on detection limit.
基金This work is supported by the National Science Foundation of China No.19835030.
文摘An experimental setup was built up to carry out radio frequency (RF) inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), and to depict the optical emission spectra (OES) of the discharges. OES from argon ICP and DBD plasmas in visible and near ultraviolet region were measured. For argon ICP, the higher RF power input (higher than 500 W for our machine), the higher degree of argon plasma ionization. But that doesn't mean a higher mean electron energy. With the increase in the power input, the mean electron energy increases slightly, whereas the density of electron increases apparently On the contrary, argon DBD discharge behaves in the manner of a pulsed DC discharge on optical emission spectroscopy and V-I characteristics. DBD current is composed of a series of pulses equally spaced in temporal domain. The Kinetics of DBD emission strength is mainly governed by the frequency of the current pulse.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30660092)the Cooperation Program between Province and Zhejiang University from Yunnan Provincial Scientific and Technology Department (2006YX12)the Yunnan Introduction and Foster Talent Program (2005PY01-14)
文摘The phylogenetic relationship for classification traits and eight mineral elements in brown rice （Oryza sativa L.） from Yunnan Province in China was carried out using microwave assisted digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, and the analytical procedures were carefully controlled and validated. In general, the results show that the mean levels of K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Cu in brown rice for 789 accessions of rice landraces was distinctly lower than that of improved cultivars. They further demonstrate that Ca plays an important role in the differentiation of subspecies indica-japonica, especially to enhance adaptation of cold stress, and that five mineral elements in brown rice enhance the eurytopicity from landrace to improved cultivar. Hierarchical cluster analysis, using average linkage from SPSS software based on eight mineral elements in brown rice, showed that Yunnan rice could be grouped into rice landrace and improved cultivar, with the rice landrace being further clustered into five subgroups, and that, interestingly, purple rice does not cluster with either of the groups. Our present data confirm that indica is the closest relative of late rice and white rice, and that they constitute rice landraces together, whereas japonica is the closest relatives of non-nuda, early-mid and glutinous rice. It is further shown that japonica, non-nuda, early-mid, glutinous, white and red rice might be more primitive than indica, nuda, late, non-glutinous and purple rice, respectively.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.50277003,10505005)
文摘The ion line of 434.8 nm and atom line of 419.8 nm of Ar plasma produced by an inductively coupled plasma （ICP） were measured by optical emission spectroscopy and the influences from the working gas pressure, radio-frequency （RF） power and different positions in the discharge chamber on the line intensities were investigated in this study. It was found that the intensity of Ar atom line increased firstly and then saturated with the increase of the pressure. The line intensity of Ar^＋, on the other hand, reached a maximum value and then decreased along with the pressure. The intensity of the line in an RF discharge also demonstrated a jumping mode and a hysteresis phenomenon with the RF power. When the RF power increased to 400 W, the discharge jumped from the E-mode to the H-mode where the line intensity of Ar atom demonstrated a sudden increase, while the intensity of Ar^＋ ion only changed slightly. If the RF power decreased from a high value, e.g., 1000 W, the discharge would jump from the H-mode back to the E-mode at a power of 300 W. At this time the intensities of Ar and Ar^＋ lines would also decrease sharply. It was also noticed in this paper that the intensity of the ion line depended on the detective location in the chamber, namely at the bottom of the chamber the line was more intense than that in the middle of the chamber, but less intense than at the top, which is considered to be related to the capacitance coupling ability of the ICP plasma in different discharge areas.
文摘考察了消解方式、消解酸体系、升温时间和目标温度对样品消解效果的影响,提出了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定钛及钛合金中Fe、Si、Mn、Mo、B、Al、Sn、Cr、V、Zr、Mg、Nb、Pd、Ni、Ta、W、Nd、Ru、Cu等19种元素含量的方法。取0.1000 g钛及钛合金样品置于聚四氟乙烯消解罐中,再加入8.0 mL 33%(体积分数)盐酸溶液、3.0 mL 25%(体积分数)氢氟酸溶液、1.0 mL 50%(体积分数)硝酸溶液和0.5 mL高氯酸,将其置于微波消解仪于最高消解温度120℃下保持10 min,冷却至室温,用水将消解液定容至50 mL,采用ICP-AES测定质量分数不大于1.0%的元素,将样品溶液稀释10倍,同法测定质量分数大于1.0%的元素。结果表明,19种元素的质量浓度在一定范围内与对应的响应强度呈线性关系,检出限(3s)为0.006~0.033 mg·L^(-1)。对4种钛合金标准样品和3种钛合金实际样品进行分析,并与标准方法GB/T 4698系列的测定结果进行对比,结果显示本方法的测定值与认定值基本一致。以两种钛合金标准样品和两种钛合金实际样品为研究对象进行精密度试验,每个样品平行测定5次,测定值的相对标准偏差均小于4.0%。
