企业主导的现代产业学院是如何建设的?——以华为ICT学院为例

现代产业学院是促进产教融合的有效平台,是多主体联合区域产业发展所需复合型高技术技能人才的重要载体。华为ICT学院是现代产业学院建设的典型模式,主要从五个方面进行了创新性建设:制定适应ICT人才特点的人才培养方案;打造以实验实训平台为核心的ICT基础设施;组建校企混编的专业课教学团队;构建以实用理论与实际操作类为主的课程体系;实施对华为ICT学院人才培养质量的多元监控。华为ICT学院建设案例对现代产业学院建设的启示为:要重视企业利益,激发企业主体活力;要明细校企双方权责,规范工作流程;要注重合作的全面性和系统性,协同推进各项工作。

产教融合背景下的高校ICT类专业实训基地建设研究

产教融合是当前高等教育领域的热门话题,如何开展校企深度合作,打造一流的产教融合实训基地,改革创新校企共同育人的教学方法和教学模式,培养学生综合实践技能以及创新创业综合素质,提升人才培养质量是很多高等院校一直在思考的问题.通过对ICT类专业产教融合实训基地建设进行深入研究,提出了一些方法与途径,以促进高等院校与企业在教学、生产和创新创业工作方面的相互配合、相互支持,有效推进校企合作共赢.

ICT资本对旅游绿色发展效率的影响机理研究

ICT资本赋能旅游业绿色转型,驱动旅游业走向高质量发展道路。文章创新性地核算了中国30个省(区、市)的ICT资本和旅游绿色发展效率,采用SYSGMM和空间杜宾模型验证了ICT资本对旅游绿色发展效率的影响机制及其空间溢出效应。研究结果表明:(1)ICT资本对旅游绿色发展效率具有持续的积极影响。(2)ICT资本主要通过激发旅游技术创新、优化旅游产业结构、提升旅游人力资本来提高旅游绿色发展效率。(3)ICT资本对旅游绿色发展效率具有正向的空间溢出效应,且空间间接效应强于直接效应。在地理矩阵下,ICT资本对东部和西部省(区、市)的旅游绿色发展效率具有显著的空间溢出效应;而在经济矩阵下,东部和中部省(区、市)旅游绿色发展效率受ICT资本影响较显著。这为中国充分释放ICT资本红利,塑造中国旅游绿色发展格局,全面提升旅游绿色发展效率提供了价值指导。

Analysis on Technical Structure and Competitiveness of ICT Manufacturing Industries

In order to analyze the technical structure and international comparative advantage of the information and communication technology(ICT)manufacturing industry,a complete set of ICT manufacturing product categories has been constructed by matching National Economical Industry Classification(GB/T4754-2017)with Harmonized System(HS)Codes,based on the relevant definitions in International Standard Industrial Classification(ISIC).The proposed definition overcomes inherent defects such as inaccurate scopes,lagging data and rough categories,which are characterized by commonly utilized product-level based classification approaches.Within the given framework,this paper has designed the technology content related indicators from the perspective of production distribution,and divided ICT product categories into high-end,medium-end and lowend manufacturing classifications according to respective global shares.Then,we have calculated international market shares(IMS),revealed comparative advantages(RCA),and market penetration rates(MPR)of ICT manufacturing exports for major economies from 2010 to 2021.Finally,development characterizations of ICT manufacturing industries for China’s Mainland are analyzed,and several practical suggestions are provided.

Sub-pixel high precision dimensional measurement method for aero-engine hollow turbine blade based on industrial computed tomography image

Aero-engine hollow turbine blades are work under prolonged high temperature,requiring high dimensional accuracy.Blade profile and wall thickness are important parameters to ensure the comprehensive performance of blades,which need to be measured accurately during manufacturing process.In this study,a high accuracy industrial computed tomography(ICT)measuring method was developed based on standard cylindrical pin and ring workpieces of different sizes.Combining ICT with cubic spline interpolation,a sub-pixel accuracy was achieved in measuring the dimension of component.Compared with the traditional and whole-pixel level image measurement method,the cubic spline interpolation algorithm has the advantages of high accuracy in image edge detection and thus high accuracy of dimensional measurement.Further,the technique was employed to measure the profile and wall thickness of a typical aerospace engine turbine blade,and an accuracy higher than 0.015 mm was obtained.

The role of new ICTs in the sustainable development of industrial cluster:a case study of Yangxunqiao textile cluster

The wide application of new information and communication technologies(ICTs)has been argued to be critical in local economic development,while the application of new ICTs will affect the development of industrial cluster,especially those small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs).This paper examines Yangxunqiao textile cluster located in Zhejiang Province as a case study to focus on the role of ICTs in the sustainable development.We argue ICTs application in firms boost flexible and customized production approach,improve e-commerce market channel and raise supply chain management.We also pay special attention to the spatial implication of ICTs adoption in industrial cluster,and suggest that application of ICTs tend to lead to further clustering of SMEs in the location with mature production chain.Our analysis shows that new ICTs are a facilitator in the sustainable development of the industrial cluster.

Radiation protection in the design of λ-ray industrial computed tomography systems

The recent increasing use of γ-rays industrial computed tomography(γ-rays ICT) in various fields has induced greater attention to its performance as well as to considerations of radiation safety. It is understood that radiation protection planning cannot be sacrificed for the sake of CT image quality during the design, manufacture,and layout of γ-rays ICT systems. In the present work, we describe a typical γ-rays ICT system in brief, and, based on experience and pertinent examples, we propose design requirements for ensuring the radiation safety of the sealed radioactive source, source container, and workspace. The design examples and dose rate measurement results illustrate that the proposed design standards are reasonable,feasible, and safe, and are therefore meaningful for the design, manufacture, and layout of γ-rays ICT systems. This paper discussed the predominant measures associated with the radiation protection of γ-rays ICT systems in accordance with the pertinent Chinese standards. In addition, based on experience and pertinent examples, the design requirements for ensuring the radiation safety of a sealed radioactive source, source container, and workspace were defined in detail. The design examples and dose rate measurements conducted in conjunction with a γ-rays ICT system and workspace employing the proposed design standards have illustrated that the proposals provided in this paper are reasonable, feasible, and safe, and are therefore meaningful for the design, manufacture, and layout of γ-rays ICT systems.

Development of the Mechanical System on a Third-Generation Industrial Computed Tomography Scanner in Brazil

The development of measurement geometry for medical X-ray computed tomography （CT） scanners was carried out from the first to the fourth-generation. This concept has also been applied for imaging of industrial processes such as pipe flows or for improving design, operation, optimization and troubleshooting. Nowadays, gamma CT permits to visualize failure equipment points in three-dimensional analysis and in sections of chemical and petrochemical industries. The aim of this work is the development of the mechanical system on a third-generation industrial CT scanner to analyze laboratorial process columns which perform highly efficient separation, turning the ^6oCo, ^75Se, ^137Cs and/or ^192Ir sealed gamma-ray source（s） and the NaI（Tl） multidetector array. It also has a translation movement along the column axis to obtain as many slices of the process flow as needed. The mechanical assembly for this third-generation industrial CT scanner is comprised by strength and rigidity structural frame in stainless and carbon steels, rotating table, source shield and collimator with pneumatic exposure system, spur gear system, translator, rotary stage, drives and stepper motors. The use of suitable spur gears has given a good repeatability and high accuracy in the degree of veracity. The data acquisition boards, mechanical control interfaces, software for movement control and image reconstruction were specially development. A multiphase phantom capable to be setting with solid, liquid and gas was testing. The scanner was setting for 90 views and 19 projections for each detector totalizing 11,970 projections. Experiments to determine the linear attenuation coefficients of the phantom were carried out which applied the Lambert-Beer principle. Results showed that it was possible to distinguish between the phases even the polymethylmethacrylate and the water have very similar density and linear attenuation coefficients. It was established that the newly developed third-generation fan-beam arrangement gamma scanner unit has a good spatial resolution acceptable given the size of the used phantom in this study. The tomografic reconstruction algorithm in used 60 ~ 60 pixels images was the Alternative Minimization （AM） technique and was implemented in MATLAB and VB platforms. The mechanical system presented a good performance in terms of strength, rigidity, accuracy and repeatability with great potential to be used for education or program which dedicated to training chemical and petrochemical industry professionals and for industrial process optimization in Brazil.

Research of Large Field of View Scan Mode for Industrial CT

For industrial computed tomography systems, generation II scan mode has a large field of view but time consuming and generation III has a small field of view but fast. In order to realize the rapid ICT test of large objects, a scan mode based on generation III called large field of view scan was discussed and its reconstruction algorithm based on FBP was deduced. The validity of the algorithm was verified by the results of computer simulation and experiments. Analysis showed that the effective scan field of view could be improved by more than 90% compared with that of generation III.

Intelligent detection method for workpiece defect based on industrial CT image

In order to solve the problem of internal defect detection in industry, an intelligent detection method for workpiece defect based on industrial computed tomography (CT) images is proposed. The industrial CT slice image is preprocessed first with the combination of adaptive median filtering and adaptive weighted average filtering by analyzing the characteristics of the industrial CT slice images. Then an image segmentation algorithm based on gray change rate is used to segment low contrast information in industrial CT images, and the feature of workpiece defect is extracted by using Hu invariant moment. On this basis, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network model is established and the firefly algorithm is used for optimization, and the intelligent identification of the internal defects of the workpiece is completed. Simulation results show that this method can effectively improve the accuracy of defect identification and provide a theoretical basis for the detection of internal defects in industry.

Non Destructive 3D, 4D Microscopy and Mineral Phase Characterization in Industrial Minerals, Composites to Construction Materials

Conventional electron and optical microscopy techniques require the sample to be sectioned, polished or etched to expose the internal surfaces for imaging. However, such sample preparation techniques have traditionally prevented the observation of the same sample over time, under realistic three-dimensional geometries and in an environment representative of real-world operating conditions. X-ray microscopy (XRM) is a rapidly emerging technique that enables non-destructive evaluation of buried structures within hard to soft materials in 3D, requiring little to no sample preparation. Furthermore in situ and 4D quantification of microstructural evolution under controlled environment as a function of time, temperature, chemistry or stress can be done repeatable on the same sample, using practical specimen sizes ranging from tens of microns to several cm diameter, with achievable imaging resolution from submicron to 50 nm. Many of these studies were reported using XRM in synchrotron beamlines. These include crack propagation on composite and construction materials; corrosion studies; microstructural changes during the setting of cement; flow studies within porous media to mention but a few.

Effect of warhead wall thickness on charge uniformity in industrial CT detection

Uniformity of warhead axial charge and influences of different warhead wall thicknesses on measurement results were studied by industrial computed tomography(C T).By comparing the differences of relative density values of the same simulation charge sample assembled in simulation bodies with different wall thicknesses,effects of warhead wall thickness on charge CT relative density values were analyzed.The results show that CT value increases by about1%with the increase of each additional1mm of wall thickness under the same simulation charge for the projectile with outer diameter of100mm and internal diameterof90mm.There fore,to detect uniformity along warhead axial(upper,middle and lower sections)charge density within penetration ability range of industrial CT(IC T),the CT values of various parts(upper,middle and lower sections)may be only measured without measuring absolute density of charge.By subtracting changes in the CT values caused by warhead wall thickness variation,the CT values of various parts under the same charge can describe warhead axial charge uniformity.

ICT技术及产业融合测度——基于高被引专利和标准必要专利的比较研究

[研究目的]产业变革离不开技术创新与标准制定,研究ICT技术与标准的融合对相关企业开展研发与战略布局、相关领域标准发展和政策制定具有重要意义。[研究方法]基于HCPs(高被引普通专利)和SEPs(标准必要专利)构建技术与标准的融合比较分析框架,对ICT技术及其标准发展历程、技术融合网络及关键技术节点演化、融合专利发展类型及产业融合网络演化展开比较研究,并挖掘潜在可产业化及标准化程度有待加深的技术领域。[研究结论]ICT整体技术趋向成熟,向其他产业技术扩散的趋势愈加明显,而标准尚处于成长期,聚焦于发展ICT产业内部技术,但ICT技术的标准化进程正在加快;HCPs和SEPs的核心技术不同,但技术领域的融合力分布都呈高度偏态,形成以少数ICT基础技术为核心的融合网络;与美国相比,中国ICT技术结构较单一、技术发展不平衡、技术融合不够充分。研究可有效识别ICT技术、标准及其发展与融合规律,为相关技术突破与管理提供参考。

ICT供应链安全制度演进趋势研究

当前国际网络安全对抗形势愈发复杂,后疫情背景下,ICT供应链安全逐步成为大国博弈焦点,从ICT网络安全视角出发,研判当前国际ICT供应链安全制度发展现状和演进趋势,分析对我国的安全影响。通过横向对比,总结各国ICT供应链安全制度的发展特点和优劣势,明确我国当前ICT供应链安全制度与国际的差距,并从安全产业、数据安全、产品和服务安全领域提出完善建议,为政府ICT供应链安全监管提供决策支撑。

基于产教融合、课证融通的华为ICT学院建设研究与实践

为贯彻落实国家数字经济发展战略,加快产业升级转型进程,完善产业发展生态,高职院校需要加强校企合作,构建产教融合长效机制,共育数字经济领域专业技术人才。本文以共建ICT产业学院为依托,构建“产教融合、课证融通、能力递进、精准育人”的产教一体化育人模式。深入分析产业需求,优化人才培养方案,建设理实一体化产教融合实训基地,按照工程师标准进行系统化的人才培养,保证了人才培养与就业市场的契合。

新时代中埃数字经济与ICT产业合作的基础与前景

数字经济方兴未艾,成为全球新的产业竞争点,埃及ICT产业发展基础良好,政策储备丰厚、投资额度巨大、法律制度健全,具备良好的商业环境。中埃两国紧抓时代潮流,在数字经济和ICT产业国际化合作方面成果丰硕,两国在数字“一带一路”“新时代中阿命运共同体”框架下,在人员培训、基础设施建设和智慧城市建设等领域合作成果丰硕。在两国共同规划和定向之下,未来将继续深化在数字安全、数字应用场景拓展和人文交流数字化领域的合作,为夯实中埃合作基础,推动两国友好往来,打造数字经济和ICT产业合作典范注入新活力。

ICT产业发展态势

2022年我国ICT产业发展成效显著,收入规模稳步增长,基础设施日益完善,技术产业实力持续增强,融合应用不断深化,成为推动数字经济高速增长的关键动力。当前,新一轮科技革命和产业变革深入演进,与我国全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程形成历史性交汇,信息通信技术产业迎来前所未有的战略机遇,有望取得全新突破。

民族地区高校ICT现代产业学院建设实践

为解决民族地区高校人才培养中专业交叉融合度不够、跨界能力不足、服务地方意识不强等痛点问题,提出了建立适应民族地区产业链发展的ICT现代产业学院。产业学院聚焦民族地区产业转型升级和乡村振兴的需求,开展ICT专业应用型人才培养路径探索,构筑“政产学研用创”价值共同体,从“校企协同、专业交叉、课程思政强化”3个层面来加强专业、课程、教材、师资建设,提高学生实践和创新能力,打造具有区域产业发展特色的ICT微专业,以强化学生职业胜任力和持续发展能力为目标,为高水平服务民族地区乡村振兴提供ICT人才支撑。

多维邻近性影响企业技术标准国际化能力的实证研究——来自ITU国际标准数据

国际标准联盟是企业技术标准国际化能力形成并提升的重要载体。基于2010—2020年ITU国际标准相关数据,探究技术邻近性和组织邻近性对拥有技术标准联盟参与经历的企业技术标准国际化能力的影响,以及地理邻近性在上述影响过程中的调节作用。负二项回归结果表明:技术邻近性与企业技术标准国际化能力正相关,联盟成员间相似的技术研究视角有助于企业技术标准国际化能力提升;组织邻近性与企业技术标准国际化能力呈倒U型关系,联盟成员间的组织性质适度趋同能够提高企业技术标准国际化能力,组织邻近性过度会阻碍企业开展技术标准国际化活动;地理邻近性对组织邻近性与企业技术标准国际化能力的倒U型关系具有负向调节作用,联盟成员间的空间聚集能够强化组织邻近性对企业技术标准国际化能力的促进作用,同时强化组织过度邻近对企业技术标准国际化能力的抑制作用。结论可丰富企业技术标准国际化能力相关研究,深化对技术标准联盟内空间聚集效应的理论解释,并为企业实施国际化技术标准时的联盟伙伴选择提供经验依据和实践参考。

基于靴襻渗流模型的国际信息通信产业贸易前景分析

信息通信技术(ICT)产业是国际数字经济发展的核心产业,交互贯通的国际ICT产业贸易网络能够客观反映出ICT产业贸易的时空分异格局。本文运用复杂网络分析方法探测国际ICT产业贸易网络的基础拓扑特征及中心性特征,同时运用靴襻渗流模型讨论ICT产业贸易的危机传播过程。研究发现,国际ICT产业整体贸易强度有所扩大,呈现出明显的区域集中化趋势,但贸易联系的整体活跃度、贸易范围和网络传输效率都明显降低;主要ICT产业贸易国(地区)整体的危机传染力高于以往,防控核心贸易国(地区)的点危机与预防核心板块的区域性联动危机相结合将是阻止危机全球蔓延的有效举措。