Assessing the Impact of Industrial Zones on the Environmental Pollution in Hai Phong’s Coastal Areas, Vietnam

Pollution in the coastal areas negatively affects biochemical indicators of seawater, human health and marine organisms. Hai Phong is a coastal city of Vietnam with the development of socio-economic activities, representing through an increasing number of industrial zones. This study is to evaluate the pollution of large industrial zones in Hai Phong city using numerical models. The numerical simulation (MIKE 21 SW, FM, ECO Lab) models were applied to simulate the wave propagation, hydraulic regime, water quality in coastal Hai Phong area. The MIKE 21 ECO Lab model was used to evaluate sources of waste from the large coastal industrial zones to some aquaculture zones. The calibration and validation results of wave propagation and the hydrodynamic models were resonably good, with Nash coefficient ranging from 0.65 to 0.90 and a percent bias (PBIAS) from 5.6% to 9.4%. The simulation results of water quality and concentration of pollutants (DO, BOD5, COD, TSS, Fe, and Coliform) in 2023 at the aquaculture locations show that the BOD5, COD, and TSS concentrations were higher than the allowable limits stated in the national technical regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08:2023/BTNMT) and lower than the allowable limits stated in the national technical regulation on marine water quality (QCVN 10:2023/BTNMT). The outcomes of this study will provide more information to support managers to come up with a better socio-economic development plan for Hai Phong city to achieve sustainable development.

Spatial Pattern Evolution and Industrial Characteristics of Economic and Technological Development Zones and High-tech Industrial Zones in China

Economic and technological development zone and high-tech industrial zone are important types of development zone in China,and there are differences in their connotation and goal setting.In this paper,basic data of national and provincial economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones in China were collected and arranged.Kernel density analysis and other GIS spatial analysis techniques were used to analyze the evolution laws of spatial patterns of economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones in cities from 2006 to 2018.First,the agglomeration intensity was compared by measuring the degree of regional agglomeration and dispersion on the two time nodes.Next,kernel density method was used to explore the evolution of the two in the spatial layout and location,and analyze development commonness and difference of economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones.Finally,the trend and reason of spatial evolution of development zones with different leading industries were explored.Research results show that:①the agglomeration degree of layout of high-tech industrial zones is stronger than that of economic and technological development zones,and there are similarities and differences in distribution trend of spatial patterns of the two types of development zones;②the distribution of labor-intensive,capital-intensive and technology-intensive development zones is concentrated at smaller scales and dispersed at larger ones;③although there are differences between the economic and technological development zones and the high-tech industrial zones in the goal,support,structure and function,management system and so on,their spatial development presents a trend of convergence.In the future,when enhancing urban-rural planning and public administration,governments should combine the trend of industrial transformation and upgrading,and optimize spatial layout of development zones by adjusting industrial structure,layout,transportation and land use.

Renewal of Urban Industrial Zone and Spatial Game in China:A Case Study of Chengdu Eastern Suburb Industrial Zone

The change of system constantly reshapes the urban form of China after 1949,among which the renewal and transformation of industrial zones is a typical phenomenon in the changing process of urban landscape in recent years,which centrally refl ects the development characteristics of contemporary Chinese cities under new social background.From the perspective of spatial game,this paper takes Chengdu Eastern Suburb Industrial Zone as an example,studies and interprets the changes of urban form and the causes of these changes in the renewal process of the industrial zone on the basis of the existing morphological frame and material landscapes,so then shows the particularity and complexity of the process of urban spatial reconstruction with current Chinese characteristics.

Impact of Air Pollution on Community’s Health, Evidence of Industrial Zone in Masoro, Ndera Sector, Rwanda

Air pollution is among the leading global risks for mortality and responsible for increasing risk for chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of industrial zone air pollution on Masoro community and identify some health problems which are experienced in the communities. The key informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique and random sampling based on polluted areas. During this research, Kibagabaga hospital was consulted to identify different illness associated with air pollution in Ndera industrial zone. Respondents illustrated that a great part of emission came from industry, related activities and vehicles. The findings from the hospital illustrated that the respiratory, hypertension and diabetes dominated the illness in community due to air pollution from industrial zone, which was confirmed in this research with reference to the survey results. Air pollution is one of the greatest environmental threats and has been implicated for several adverse cardiovascular effects including arterial hypertension and diabetes. Air contamination provokes oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and autonomic nervous system imbalance that subsequently induce endothelial dysfunction and vasoconstriction leading to increased blood pressure. The respondents confirmed that the communities are aware of pollution and experienced the consequences of pollution such as cancer and other complicated illness.

Dalian New-Tech Industrial Zone

The Dalian New-Tech Industrial Zone—one of the 27 national high and new technology industrial zones approved by the State Council in March 1991—consists of the technology-intensive Lingshui Park and Maqiaozi Scientific, Technological and Industrial Park, which cover a combined area of 13 square kilometres. The Lingzi Park, located on the southeastern part

High-tech Industrial Zones Take Lead in Industrial Innovation

China’s 56 leading high-tech industrial zones have led the country’s industrial innovation, playing an important role in the nation’s social and economic development, a government statement said on Jan 1.

A Study of the Industrial Development in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone

This paper illustrates the current situation and problems concerning the industrial structure in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone,and analyzes the internal contradictions that exist in industry: small-scale land operation has become an inherent obstacle to the industrial development in Agricultural High-tech Zone; farmers are always in a passive position in industrial restructuring optimization; government's policy failures and rent-seeking behaviors have hindered industrial development; the research,popularization and application of agricultural science and technology is not suited to industrial development requirements. Finally,this paper makes the corresponding recommendations for industrial development in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone.

High-tech Industrial Development Zones in Nanjing,Suzhou,Changzhou and Wuxi

Nanjing High-tech Industrial Devel-opment Zone It is a state-level high-tech in-dustrial development zone approved by theState Council, with an area of 16.5 sq km,comprising seven sq km of industrial area,five sq km of Taiwan invested area, three sqkm of university teaching and scientificresearch area and 1.5 sq km of compositeservice area. The development zone is 13.5 kmfrom the city center, with convenient trafficconditions, three state highways and a pro-

A Study on Theoretical Model and Applied Evaluation of Land Use Performance of High-tech Zone in Urban Fringe: A Case Study in Haidian District, Beijing

High-tech industrial zone is an important carrier for constructing innovative cities. It also plays an important role in implementing the national independent innovative strategy. How-ever, most of the high-tech industrial zones have many problems in their development process, such as efficiency of land use, weakness of oriented function and lack of land intensive. To solve these problems, the authors of this paper introduced the concept of land use performance and established the theoretical model to assess the land use performance of high-tech industrial zones. The model consists of the following three-dimensional parts: land use benefit, land use efficiency and innovative function. Based on this theory model, an index system which was composed of three secondary indictors, eight tertiary indictors and 37 fourth-grade indictors was set up to evaluate the land use performance of high-tech zone. To avoid the defects of plus model and function model, the authors brought out a three-dimensional evaluation model to examine the index of the land use performance of the high-tech industrial parks, which equals to the evaluation indicator system of land use performance of high-tech zone based on the above research. The authors examined the land use performance of five different high-tech industrial parks in Haidian District, Beijing City. The results indicated that the indicator system per-forms better in the aspect of evaluating land use benefit, land use efficiency and function of the high-tech industrial zone compared with other models.

Urban Chemical Industrial Cluster Area Restructuring and Determinants: A Case Study of a Typical Old Chemical Industry Area Along the Yangtze River, China

China is in a transitional period between urban renewal and industrial change.In this period,the focus has been on the suburbanization of enterprises and land transformation in old industrial areas,particularly areas with chemical industries.A life cycle theoretical framework was established to develop chemical industrial zones in the context of urban expansion and land function conversion.The long-term historical processes and mechanisms that transformed a typical old chemical industry area along the Yangtze River,Yanziji Area of Nanjing City were unveiled and comparatively analyzed.The study found that the entire life cycle of the case study area was formed through the combined action of different influencing factors.Traditional industrial location factors played important roles during the rise and continuity of the chemical industry zone,while unconventional environmental regulations and government policies drove its decline and transformation.In the transformation of the old chemical zone,the renewal and redevelopment of industrial land into higher-value residential land is a key link determining the feasibility of government fund compensation and the circulation of capital.These findings demonstrate that regional control and environmental regulation play crucial roles in determining the location of polluting industries and the renewal of urban industrial areas.This research enhances the understanding of the development history and reconstruction of chemical industry clusters and plots within megacities at a finer geographic scale.

Shandong Laixi Created A Complete Graphite Mine Industry Zone

Nanshu Town is a famous graphite town of Laixi City. Nanshu Town has 46 graphite enterprises with scattered distribution, incomplete industry chain, low output, and low value-added. In order to exert the resources advantage, Nanshu Town has planed and builta building materials zone covering 800 thousand square meters since 2010. Kaonuo Ceramics, a key project of Qingdao City, was building here. Three deep-processing projects of graphite new materials with the total investment of CNY 480 million will be built in this zone.

Planning mode and realization path of regional characteristic ecoindustrial park

Starting from the regional characteristic industrial park planning plan,a horizontal comparison of domestic and foreign typical urban regional industrial park planning cases is carried out,and the commonalities characteristics are analyzed to explore the regularity and universality of the Tonghua urban characteristic industrial park.Under the guiding principles for planning and development of ecological industrial parks,the city’s resource advantages,industry goals and positioning are studied and analyzed from the perspectives of the government,market,and enterprises.It is pointed out that the government should formulate policies,regulations and the construction of characteristic industrial parks in combination with new planning methods.The market should build industrial parks with the support of industrial stimulus and technological innovation.Finally,it summarizes the realization path of regional characteristic industrial parks from five aspects:positioning and goals,ways to achieve goals,profit models,customers and values,basic advantages and exclusive resources.

Risk Management Situation and Strategic Analysis of Supply Chains of Small and Medium Enterprises in Luzhou Liquor Industry Development Zone

After entering the information-based society, profound reform has happened in the business pattern of enterprises, and thecompetitive mode between traditional enterprises has been transformed into the competition between supply chains in nowadays. The liquorindustry in Luzhou is the pillar industry of economy, which involves “Luzhou Old Cellar”, “Ichiro Liquor”and other large-scale enterpriseswith well-known brands. Besides, many small and medium-sized enterprises are developing and flourishing in Luzhou. Compared with thedevelopment of large enterprises, the development of small and medium sized enterprises has more uncertainty and risks. At present, Luzhou Cityis setting about to build Huangyi into a liquor centralized zone, which is also a clusterization strategy for industry development of Luzhou liquor.For Luzhou Liquor Zone, the implementation of supply chain management of small and medium-sized enterprises can greatly reduce the cost ofenterprises and improve effi ciency of operation. The growth and development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Luzhou Liquor Zone andthe promotion of advantages of industrial clusters are closely related to the risks of the supply chain.

Territorial and Urban Evolution of Economic Zone along Durresi Street(Kamza Junction-Kashar Turn)

The territorial expansion of the economic zones along Tirana-Durres corridor,is considered as clear evidence of regional economic development.Since the first 10 years of 1990-2000,the need for a functional planning process was clearly noted.In the early 2000’s,the linear planning on both sides of the highway,from KJ(Kamza Junction)to KT(Kashar Turn),was the real demonstration of that need.This article is a first effort towards an indirect analysis on spatial urban development processes of the last 20 years,indicated by development urban plans for Greater Tirana.This analysis concludes on the defects on integration of this area into the existing structure of Tirana,which are reflected in the new regulatory plans during 2012-2016.This article identifies the functional zoning phenomena,forms and rates of parcels occupation,analyzed through the land use indicators coverage.The urban analysis is focused also on identifying the achievements and failures on the design of spatial structures of social importance.This analysis intends to lead towards a more detailed study of the ways that enable the integration of this industrial area with the residential zone.It is considered as an attempt,which raises a number of issues,for helping the planners,architects and city administrators,involved in the planning and implementation of Partial Urban Plans.

On the Feasibility of the Chinese County-Level Convergence Media Centers in Participating in International Communication:Evidence from CDHT’s First-Hand Communication Practice

With the advent of new technologies,China is faced with the practical need to enhance its international communication capacity and address reforms in the modes,content,and channels of international communication.Therefore,more efforts should be made to further enrich the participants in international communication by optimizing China’s four-level journalism communication system and crafting a“great external publicity pattern.”Guiding and promoting county-level convergence media centers to participate in international communication is conducive to promoting the building of a vertical international communication system and a multi-level integrated communication matrix and facilitating the resource alignment and information sharing between domestic and international communication.In practice,some county-level convergence media centers in China have achieved certain results in international communication.A good example is the Chengdu Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone(CDHT),a pioneer in the reform of Chinese county-level convergence media.Therefore,this paper has used CDHT as an example to discuss the reality and basic conditions for Chinese county-level convergence media centers to participate in international communication and put forward general paths for county-level convergence media centers to engage in international communication.

Particulate matter pollution in Kunshan High-Tech zone： Source apportionment with trace elements, plume evolution and its monitoring

Particulate matter （PM} in the Kunshan High-Tech zone is studied during a three-month campaign. PM and trace elements are measured by the online pollution monitoring, forecast-warning and source term retrieval system AS3. Hourly measured concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and 16 trace elements in the PM2.5 section （Ca, Pb, Cu, C1, V, Cr, Fe, Ti, Mn, Ni, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Sr, Ba） are focused. Source apportionment of trace elements by Positive Matrix Factorization modeling indicates that there are five major sources, including dust, industrial processing, traffic, combustion, and sea salt with contribution rate of 23.68%, 21.66%, 14.30%, 22.03%, and 6.89%, respectively. Prediction ofptume dispersion from concrete plant and traffic emissions shows that PM20 pollution of concrete plant is three orders of magnitude more than that of the traffic. The influence range can extend to more than 3 km in 1 hr. Because the footprint of the industrial plumes is constantly moving according to the local meteorological conditions, the fixed monitoring sites scattered in a few hundred meters haven＇t captured the heaviest pollution plume at the local scale of a few km2. As a more intensive monitoring network is not operationally possible, the use of online modeling gives accurate and quantitative information of plume location, which increases the spatial pollution monitoring capacity and improves the understanding of measurement data. These results indicate that the development of the AS3 system, which combines monitoring equipment and air pollution modeling systems, is beneficial to the real-time pollution monitoring in the industrial zone.

Variegated transnational partnerships:Multi-scalar actor networks in China’s overseas industrial parks

The development of overseas industrial parks is a key component of the Belt and Road Initiative and a practical way of promoting inclusive globalization by introducing new forms of cooperation between China and the host countries. In this paper, the Thai-Chinese Rayong Industrial Zone(TCRIZ), and the China-Indonesia Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone(KITIC) are discussed in the context of the evolving development strategies and trajectories through three interrelated conceptual lenses – policy mobility, actor networks, and partnerships. The actor-network theory provides a lens to analyze how policy mobility and partnerships develop for two industrial zone case studies. The development, which involves a multi-scalar process, is shaped by the interactions among the national states, the regional governments and corporations against a background of globalization. Three types of transnational actor partnership networks have been identified, namely, hierarchical partnership, spontaneous partnership, and hybrid partnership. A highlight of the study is the role that the partnerships play in the process of policy mobility when it comes to the overseas industrial zones. It is argued that the partnerships are the key to achieving technology transfer on a cross-national basis, and the effectiveness of the technology transfer is dependent on partner selection and the roles of the actors in policy mobility.