Objective To observe the effect of Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution on the extrapulmonary injury induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in infant Wistar rats. Methods Infant Wistar rats were infected intranasally with M. ...Objective To observe the effect of Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution on the extrapulmonary injury induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in infant Wistar rats. Methods Infant Wistar rats were infected intranasally with M. pneumoniae once a day for four days. In the treatment groups, Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution was administered daily for four days beginning from the day of infection. On day 5, blood of the rats was collected, and blood routine and biochemistry indexes were measured. All rats were sacrificed, and the weight of brain, heart, liver, and kidney was measured to calculate the organ indexes. The GM1 and GALC-Ab content in brain tissue was determined by ELISA. Pathological changes in the brain, heart, liver, kidney, and cerebellum were observed by HE staining. Results Blood routine indexes fluctuated within the normal range in the infection control group and in three of the Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution groups. The serum LDH, CK, and CRE in all three Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution groups were distinctly lower than those in the infection control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Rat brain index and GALC-Ab content in the brain tissue showed an increase in infection control group. In the Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution groups, the GALC-Ab content in brain tissue was decreased significantly. The heart, liver, and kidney tissues showed mild pathological changes in the infection group, which were reversed by Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution treatment. Conclusions The extrapulmonary injury induced by M. pneumoniae in infant Wistar rats was significantly inhibited by Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution.展开更多
To investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in hyperoxic lung injury, the 3 day old preterm rats were randomly assigned to four groups: group I (hyperoxia group), group Ⅱ (hyperoxia+N w nitro L arginine meth...To investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in hyperoxic lung injury, the 3 day old preterm rats were randomly assigned to four groups: group I (hyperoxia group), group Ⅱ (hyperoxia+N w nitro L arginine methyl ester (L NAME) group), group Ⅲ (air group), and group Ⅳ (air+L NAME) group. Group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were exposed to ≥90 % O 2 for 3 or 7 days. Group Ⅱ and Ⅳ received subcutaneous L NAMEy on daily basis (20 mg/kg). After 3 day or 7 day exposure, the lung wet weight/dry weight ratio (W/D), total protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung pathology were examined in all groups. NO content, expression of endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) in lungs were measured in group Ⅰ and Ⅲ. Our results showed that after 3 day exposure, group Ⅰ appeared acute lung injury characterized by the increase of MDA content ( P <0.01) and the presence of hyperaemia, red cell extravasation and inflammatory infiltration; after 7 day exposure, except MDA, total protein and W/D were also increased in comparison with group Ⅲ ( P <0.01, 0.05), pathological changes were more severe than those after 3 day exposure. After 3 and 7 day exposure, total protein in group Ⅱ was significantly increased as compared with group Ⅰ ( P <0.01 for both). The pulmonary acute inflammatory changes were more obvious in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅰ. Occasionally, mild hemorrhage was detected in the lungs of group Ⅳ. BALF protein content in group IV was higher than that in group Ⅲ after 7 day exposure ( P <0.01). After 3 and 7 day exposure, NO content in BALF were all significantly elevated in group Ⅰ as compared with group Ⅲ ( P <0.01 for all). In the lungs of group Ⅰ, strong immunostaining for iNOS was observed in airway and alveolar epithelia, inflammatory cells, which were stronger than those in group Ⅲ. Expression of iNOS in rats after 7 day hyperoxic exposure was stronger than that after 3 day exposure. Shortly after 7 day exposure, stronger immunostaining for eNOS in airway epithelia in group Ⅰ than that in group Ⅲ was seen. Our study suggested that treatment with L NAME worsened acute hyperoxic lung injury in preterm rats and also had a deleterious effect on the rats exposed to air, indicating that endogenous nitric oxide may play a protective role in rats under both physiological and hyperoxic status. Hyperoxia can significantly upregulate the expression of iNOS and eNOS in inflammatory cells, epithelia in the lungs of preterm rats, promote NO generation, which suggests that endogenous NO may mediate the hyperoxic pulmonary damage. Over stimulation of iNOS may contribute to the pathogenesis of hyperoxic lung injury. NO may have dual roles in pulmonary oxygen toxicity.展开更多
文摘Objective To observe the effect of Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution on the extrapulmonary injury induced by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in infant Wistar rats. Methods Infant Wistar rats were infected intranasally with M. pneumoniae once a day for four days. In the treatment groups, Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution was administered daily for four days beginning from the day of infection. On day 5, blood of the rats was collected, and blood routine and biochemistry indexes were measured. All rats were sacrificed, and the weight of brain, heart, liver, and kidney was measured to calculate the organ indexes. The GM1 and GALC-Ab content in brain tissue was determined by ELISA. Pathological changes in the brain, heart, liver, kidney, and cerebellum were observed by HE staining. Results Blood routine indexes fluctuated within the normal range in the infection control group and in three of the Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution groups. The serum LDH, CK, and CRE in all three Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution groups were distinctly lower than those in the infection control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Rat brain index and GALC-Ab content in the brain tissue showed an increase in infection control group. In the Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution groups, the GALC-Ab content in brain tissue was decreased significantly. The heart, liver, and kidney tissues showed mild pathological changes in the infection group, which were reversed by Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution treatment. Conclusions The extrapulmonary injury induced by M. pneumoniae in infant Wistar rats was significantly inhibited by Xiaoer Feire Kechuan oral solution.
基金Hubei Science and Technology Department Foundation (No:2 0 0 0 2 P16 )
文摘To investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in hyperoxic lung injury, the 3 day old preterm rats were randomly assigned to four groups: group I (hyperoxia group), group Ⅱ (hyperoxia+N w nitro L arginine methyl ester (L NAME) group), group Ⅲ (air group), and group Ⅳ (air+L NAME) group. Group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were exposed to ≥90 % O 2 for 3 or 7 days. Group Ⅱ and Ⅳ received subcutaneous L NAMEy on daily basis (20 mg/kg). After 3 day or 7 day exposure, the lung wet weight/dry weight ratio (W/D), total protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung pathology were examined in all groups. NO content, expression of endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) in lungs were measured in group Ⅰ and Ⅲ. Our results showed that after 3 day exposure, group Ⅰ appeared acute lung injury characterized by the increase of MDA content ( P <0.01) and the presence of hyperaemia, red cell extravasation and inflammatory infiltration; after 7 day exposure, except MDA, total protein and W/D were also increased in comparison with group Ⅲ ( P <0.01, 0.05), pathological changes were more severe than those after 3 day exposure. After 3 and 7 day exposure, total protein in group Ⅱ was significantly increased as compared with group Ⅰ ( P <0.01 for both). The pulmonary acute inflammatory changes were more obvious in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅰ. Occasionally, mild hemorrhage was detected in the lungs of group Ⅳ. BALF protein content in group IV was higher than that in group Ⅲ after 7 day exposure ( P <0.01). After 3 and 7 day exposure, NO content in BALF were all significantly elevated in group Ⅰ as compared with group Ⅲ ( P <0.01 for all). In the lungs of group Ⅰ, strong immunostaining for iNOS was observed in airway and alveolar epithelia, inflammatory cells, which were stronger than those in group Ⅲ. Expression of iNOS in rats after 7 day hyperoxic exposure was stronger than that after 3 day exposure. Shortly after 7 day exposure, stronger immunostaining for eNOS in airway epithelia in group Ⅰ than that in group Ⅲ was seen. Our study suggested that treatment with L NAME worsened acute hyperoxic lung injury in preterm rats and also had a deleterious effect on the rats exposed to air, indicating that endogenous nitric oxide may play a protective role in rats under both physiological and hyperoxic status. Hyperoxia can significantly upregulate the expression of iNOS and eNOS in inflammatory cells, epithelia in the lungs of preterm rats, promote NO generation, which suggests that endogenous NO may mediate the hyperoxic pulmonary damage. Over stimulation of iNOS may contribute to the pathogenesis of hyperoxic lung injury. NO may have dual roles in pulmonary oxygen toxicity.
