H9N2 avian influenza virus(AIV) has widely circulated in poultry worldwide and sporadic infections in humans and mammals. During our surveillance of chicken from 2019 to 2021 in Shandong Province, China, we isolated 1...H9N2 avian influenza virus(AIV) has widely circulated in poultry worldwide and sporadic infections in humans and mammals. During our surveillance of chicken from 2019 to 2021 in Shandong Province, China, we isolated 11 H9N2AIVs. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the eight gene segments of the 11 isolates were closely related to several sublineages of Eurasian lineage: BJ/94-like clades(HA and NA genes), G1-like clades(PB2 and M genes), and SH/F/98-like clades(PB1, PA, NP and NS genes). The isolates showed mutation sites that preferentially bind to humanlike receptors(HA) and mammalian fitness sites(PB2, PB1 and PA), as well as mutations in antigen and drug resistance sites. Moreover, studies with mice revealed four isolates with varying levels of pathogenicity. The average antibody titer of the H9N2 AIVs was 8.60 log2. Based on our results, the epidemiological surveillance of H9N2 AIVs should be strengthened.展开更多
Community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)is an acute lung infection that is caused by several different pathogens and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.The high global incidence of CAP poses a heavy disea...Community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)is an acute lung infection that is caused by several different pathogens and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.The high global incidence of CAP poses a heavy disease and economic burden to patients,especially children.Respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia and influenza are the fourth leading cause of death in China[1].The top 3 etiologic pathogens of CAP in the Asia-Pacific region are Streptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae(H.influenzae),and Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae).展开更多
Globally swine influenza is one of the most important diseases of the pig industry, with various subtypes of swine influenza virus co-circulating in the field. Swine influenza can not only cause large economic losses ...Globally swine influenza is one of the most important diseases of the pig industry, with various subtypes of swine influenza virus co-circulating in the field. Swine influenza can not only cause large economic losses for the pig industry but can also lead to epidemics or pandemics in the human population. We provide an overview of the pathogenic characteristics of the disease, diagnosis, risk factors for the occurrence on pig farms, impact on pigs and humans and methods to control it. This review is designed to promote understanding of the epidemiology of swine influenza which will benefit the control of the disease in both pigs and humans.展开更多
Objective To summarize and analyze the strains’molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of 6strains of post-influenza community-associated methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus(CA-MRSA)pneumonia.Metho...Objective To summarize and analyze the strains’molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of 6strains of post-influenza community-associated methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus(CA-MRSA)pneumonia.Methods Six cases of CA-MRSA pneumonia after influenza from 2014 to 2022 were retrospectively collected and CA-MRSA strains from each patient were cultured.展开更多
Swine influenza （SI） is an acute, febrile, highly contagious, respiratory infectious disease caused by swine influenza virus （SIV）, which is a common disease in intensive pig farms, and prevalent throughout the wo...Swine influenza （SI） is an acute, febrile, highly contagious, respiratory infectious disease caused by swine influenza virus （SIV）, which is a common disease in intensive pig farms, and prevalent throughout the world. Disease in affected pigs was characterized by burst, high fever, rapid epidemic spread. The mortality of SI with secondary or mixed infection could be increased. Moreover, more researches showed that the outbreaks of human influenza are associated with the outbreak of swine influenza, and there are a striking parallel nature and relevance. In the present article, the pathogen, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and public health aspects were elaborated, so as to provide a reference for scientific prevention and treatment of SI.展开更多
Background: Respiratory tract infections were associated with acute exacerbations of heart failure (HF). However, the role of the influenza virus, a major agent of such infections, in this population remained unclear....Background: Respiratory tract infections were associated with acute exacerbations of heart failure (HF). However, the role of the influenza virus, a major agent of such infections, in this population remained unclear. Method: During the influenza virus seasons of 2013 and 2014 we prospectively assessed influenza respiratory illnesses in a cohort of adults primarily hospitalized for management of acute decompensated HF and a cohort of HF outpatients. Qualitative RT-PCR for?influenza?A (A/H1, A/H12009pdm, A/H3) and B virus testing was performed on nasopharyngeal swab samples. Result: A total of 121 patients were included, 58.3% males (n?= 70), mean age 57.7 years old (±14.0), mean left ejection fraction 35.3 (±9.8). Of these, 50.4% were inpatients (n?= 61). The prevalence of symptoms of respiratory infections was 28.0% (n?= 34) and 4.9% (n?= 6) of all samples were positive for influenza virus. Only influenza A was detected and all cases were among inpatients. Influenza-positive patients had a greater need for antimicrobials (83.3%,?n?= 5;16.3%,?n= 9;?p?= 0.001) and for mechanical ventilation (50.0%,?n?= 3;3.6%,?n?= 2;?p?< 0.001) than Influenza-negative patients. The prevalence of influenza virus was not related to mortality (OR 4.58;?p?= 0.16). Conclusion:?Although not common, the influenza virus infection resulted in worst outcomes, with a greater need for antimicrobials and mechanical ventilation. Immunization and antiviral treatment in high risk patients may positively impact their outcomes.展开更多
Background: Influenza A (H1N1) is the most recent pandemic disease that has affected the human population. Objective: To evaluate knowledge and preventive measures related with this disease one year after the epidemic...Background: Influenza A (H1N1) is the most recent pandemic disease that has affected the human population. Objective: To evaluate knowledge and preventive measures related with this disease one year after the epidemic of Mexico- that took place in 2009. Material and methods: An epidemiologic survey regarding influenza A (H1N1) was conducted in June 2010 among 2541 students from the second grade of all public high schools in a borough in Mexico City. The questionnaire included items on the knowledge of the disease and practice of preventive measures. Results: Most students obtained the information from television, half of them from parents and only one fifth from teachers;72% of the participants had a favorable knowledge about the disease and the measures to avoid being infected. However, only 37% practiced such preventive measures. Conclusion: Knowledge has a positive influence on practices towards health. Parents and teachers have an important role in health education, thus efforts should be directed to involve them more intensely in health education.展开更多
文摘H9N2 avian influenza virus(AIV) has widely circulated in poultry worldwide and sporadic infections in humans and mammals. During our surveillance of chicken from 2019 to 2021 in Shandong Province, China, we isolated 11 H9N2AIVs. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the eight gene segments of the 11 isolates were closely related to several sublineages of Eurasian lineage: BJ/94-like clades(HA and NA genes), G1-like clades(PB2 and M genes), and SH/F/98-like clades(PB1, PA, NP and NS genes). The isolates showed mutation sites that preferentially bind to humanlike receptors(HA) and mammalian fitness sites(PB2, PB1 and PA), as well as mutations in antigen and drug resistance sites. Moreover, studies with mice revealed four isolates with varying levels of pathogenicity. The average antibody titer of the H9N2 AIVs was 8.60 log2. Based on our results, the epidemiological surveillance of H9N2 AIVs should be strengthened.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China[No.81702008,81702010]Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province[No.H2018406024]+1 种基金Foundation for High-level Talents of Chengde Medical University[No.201702]Program of Shannxi Respiratory Project Center[No.2017GCKF04].
文摘Community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)is an acute lung infection that is caused by several different pathogens and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.The high global incidence of CAP poses a heavy disease and economic burden to patients,especially children.Respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia and influenza are the fourth leading cause of death in China[1].The top 3 etiologic pathogens of CAP in the Asia-Pacific region are Streptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae(H.influenzae),and Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae).
基金This study was partially funded by a MIPS Strategic Scholarship from Murdoch University.
文摘Globally swine influenza is one of the most important diseases of the pig industry, with various subtypes of swine influenza virus co-circulating in the field. Swine influenza can not only cause large economic losses for the pig industry but can also lead to epidemics or pandemics in the human population. We provide an overview of the pathogenic characteristics of the disease, diagnosis, risk factors for the occurrence on pig farms, impact on pigs and humans and methods to control it. This review is designed to promote understanding of the epidemiology of swine influenza which will benefit the control of the disease in both pigs and humans.
文摘Objective To summarize and analyze the strains’molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of 6strains of post-influenza community-associated methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus(CA-MRSA)pneumonia.Methods Six cases of CA-MRSA pneumonia after influenza from 2014 to 2022 were retrospectively collected and CA-MRSA strains from each patient were cultured.
文摘Swine influenza （SI） is an acute, febrile, highly contagious, respiratory infectious disease caused by swine influenza virus （SIV）, which is a common disease in intensive pig farms, and prevalent throughout the world. Disease in affected pigs was characterized by burst, high fever, rapid epidemic spread. The mortality of SI with secondary or mixed infection could be increased. Moreover, more researches showed that the outbreaks of human influenza are associated with the outbreak of swine influenza, and there are a striking parallel nature and relevance. In the present article, the pathogen, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and public health aspects were elaborated, so as to provide a reference for scientific prevention and treatment of SI.
文摘Background: Respiratory tract infections were associated with acute exacerbations of heart failure (HF). However, the role of the influenza virus, a major agent of such infections, in this population remained unclear. Method: During the influenza virus seasons of 2013 and 2014 we prospectively assessed influenza respiratory illnesses in a cohort of adults primarily hospitalized for management of acute decompensated HF and a cohort of HF outpatients. Qualitative RT-PCR for?influenza?A (A/H1, A/H12009pdm, A/H3) and B virus testing was performed on nasopharyngeal swab samples. Result: A total of 121 patients were included, 58.3% males (n?= 70), mean age 57.7 years old (±14.0), mean left ejection fraction 35.3 (±9.8). Of these, 50.4% were inpatients (n?= 61). The prevalence of symptoms of respiratory infections was 28.0% (n?= 34) and 4.9% (n?= 6) of all samples were positive for influenza virus. Only influenza A was detected and all cases were among inpatients. Influenza-positive patients had a greater need for antimicrobials (83.3%,?n?= 5;16.3%,?n= 9;?p?= 0.001) and for mechanical ventilation (50.0%,?n?= 3;3.6%,?n?= 2;?p?< 0.001) than Influenza-negative patients. The prevalence of influenza virus was not related to mortality (OR 4.58;?p?= 0.16). Conclusion:?Although not common, the influenza virus infection resulted in worst outcomes, with a greater need for antimicrobials and mechanical ventilation. Immunization and antiviral treatment in high risk patients may positively impact their outcomes.
文摘Background: Influenza A (H1N1) is the most recent pandemic disease that has affected the human population. Objective: To evaluate knowledge and preventive measures related with this disease one year after the epidemic of Mexico- that took place in 2009. Material and methods: An epidemiologic survey regarding influenza A (H1N1) was conducted in June 2010 among 2541 students from the second grade of all public high schools in a borough in Mexico City. The questionnaire included items on the knowledge of the disease and practice of preventive measures. Results: Most students obtained the information from television, half of them from parents and only one fifth from teachers;72% of the participants had a favorable knowledge about the disease and the measures to avoid being infected. However, only 37% practiced such preventive measures. Conclusion: Knowledge has a positive influence on practices towards health. Parents and teachers have an important role in health education, thus efforts should be directed to involve them more intensely in health education.
