C反应蛋白/白蛋白比值对2型糖尿病合并急性心肌梗死患者远期不良心脑血管事件的预测价值研究

背景急性心肌梗死(AMI)是威胁全球公众健康的主要原因之一。虽然已有相应的再灌注治疗策略,但AMI相关的主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCEs)仍然是全世界人口死亡的原因之一。尤其合并糖尿病的AMI患者,因冠状动脉病变复杂,病变程度严重,尽早发现和判断该部分患者远期预后相对困难,因此寻找相对简便、易获得的实验室指标,有利于为2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并AMI患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后MACCEs的预测提供依据。目的探讨血清C反应蛋白(CRP)/白蛋白(Alb)比值(CAR)对T2DM合并AMI患者PCI术后远期MACCEs的预测价值。方法纳入2014—2019年就诊于宁夏医科大学总医院心血管内科1683例T2DM合并AMI患者为研究对象,收集患者的一般临床资料与检查结果。对所有患者进行电话或门诊随访,以全因死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、再发不稳定型心绞痛、非致死性脑卒中、新发心力衰竭或心力衰竭加重再入院、再次血运重建作为MACCEs。根据患者随访期间是否发生MACCEs分为MACCEs组(508例)和非MACCEs组(1175例)。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析探讨T2DM合并AMI患者MACCEs事件的影响因素。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制患者的生存曲线,生存曲线的比较采用Log-rank检验。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析CAR对T2DM合并AMI患者远期发生MACCEs的预测效能,使用净重分类改善指标(NRI)和综合判别指数(IDI)评价CAR对T2DM合并AMI患者预后评估的改善效果。结果1683例患者中508例(30.18%)患者发生MACCEs。多因素Logistic回归分析显示高血压病[OR(95%CI)=1.994(1.142~3.483)]、冠状动脉植入支架长度[OR(95%CI)=1.031(1.002~1.062)]、CRP[OR(95%CI)=0.950(0.915~0.986)]、Alb[OR(95%CI)=0.933(0.880~0.989)]及CAR[OR(95%CI)=5.582(1.705~18.277)]是T2DM合并AMI患者PCI术后发生MACCEs的影响因素(P<0.05)。根据CAR中位表达水平(0.86),将患者分为CAR<0.86组和CAR≥0.86组,Log-rank检验结果显示,CAR≥0.86组MACCEs发生率高于CAR<0.86组(52.68%与22.92%;χ^(2)=65.65,P<0.001)。ROC曲线显示CAR预测T2DM合并AMI患者发生MACCEs的ROC曲线下面积为0.728(95%CI=0.702~0.754),最佳截断值为0.576,灵敏度为0.617,特异度为0.747。在基线模型基础上,与CRP、Alb相比,CAR能明显改善对患者发生MACCEs的预测效果(NRI=0.377,IDI=0.166,C指数=0.690;P<0.05)。结论CAR是T2DM合并AMI患者PCI术后远期MACCEs发生风险的有效预测指标。

SR9009联合吲哚丙酸通过核因子κB信号通路减轻C2C12成肌细胞的炎症反应

背景:钟基因Rev-erbα参与调节炎症,但激活Rev-erbα会增加心脑血管疾病风险。为降低相关风险,探索Rev-erbα激动剂SR9009联合其他药物来减轻骨骼肌成肌细胞炎症,奠定治疗炎症相关性骨骼肌萎缩的理论基础。目的:探讨脂多糖刺激C2C12成肌细胞时吲哚丙酸、SR9009与核因子κB信号通路的关系。方法:①1μg/mL脂多糖刺激C2C12成肌细胞,RNA转录组测序结合KEGG通路富集分析信号通路。②CCK-8法检测C2C12成肌细胞活性,筛选吲哚丙酸的最佳给药浓度;然后将细胞分为空白对照组、脂多糖(1μg/mL)组、SR9009(10μmol/L)+脂多糖组、吲哚丙酸(80μmol/L)+脂多糖组、吲哚丙酸+SR9009+脂多糖组,ELISA检测细胞上清液中白细胞介素6水平,RT-qPCR检测白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α、Toll样受体4、CD14 mRNA表达,Western blot检测NF-κB p65、p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达。③siRNA敲减Rev-erbα,RT-qPCR评估敲减效率,检测白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子αmRNA表达。结果与结论:①与空白对照组比较,脂多糖时间依赖性抑制成肌细胞融合形成肌管,白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子αmRNA表达水平升高,细胞上清液中白细胞介素6水平显著升高;KEGG通路分析支持脂多糖刺激激活核因子κB信号通路。②吲哚丙酸浓度>80μmol/L时抑制C2C12成肌细胞活性;吲哚丙酸和SR9009通过抑制核因子κB信号通路发挥抗炎作用,降低白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α、Toll样受体4、CD14 mRNA表达水平,p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65蛋白表达比值低于脂多糖组。SR9009联合吲哚丙酸显著降低脂多糖诱导的炎症,Toll样受体4、CD14、白细胞介素6和肿瘤坏死因子αmRNA表达水平进一步下调,p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65蛋白表达比值显著低于吲哚丙酸+脂多糖组和SR9009+脂多糖组。③Rev-erbα随脂多糖刺激时间依赖性升高;siRNA敲减Rev-erbα效率达58%以上,成功敲减Rev-erbα后添加脂多糖,白细胞介素6和肿瘤坏死因子αmRNA表达较脂多糖组显著上调。④结果说明,Rev-erbα可以作为调节炎症反应的靶点,SR9009靶向激活Rev-erbα联合吲哚丙酸能抑制核因子κB信号通路显著减轻C2C12成肌细胞的炎症反应,联合抗炎效果优于单独干预。

基于质谱的脂质C=C和脂肪酰基位置鉴定方法及其在食品分析中的应用研究进展

脂质在生命体中发挥着重要作用,结构影响功能,脂质精细结构解析至关重要。但脂质结构的多样性和相似性对脂质分析提出了巨大挑战。质谱是脂质分析的重要技术之一,在脂质C=C和脂肪酰基位置结构解析中有着较好的应用。本文介绍脂质分析的前处理方法,综述基于质谱的C=C位置和脂肪酰基位置鉴定方法,并讨论该方法在食品分析中的应用,最后展望质谱在脂质化合物精确结构解析方面的发展趋势,以期为不饱和脂质C=C位置和脂肪酰基位置鉴定以及异构体识别和定量分析技术发展和应用提供参考。

血清降钙素原、C反应蛋白、前白蛋白联合检测评估急性胰腺炎病情进展的价值

目的 探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、前白蛋白(PA)联合检测评估急性胰腺炎病情进展的价值,为临床提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2019年12月至2023年12月北京市垂杨柳医院收治的92例急性胰腺炎患者的临床资料,根据病情程度分为轻症急性胰腺炎(MAP)组(68例,未合并器官衰竭)和重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)组(24例,合并器官衰竭)。比较两组患者临床资料,分析影响SAP发生的独立危险因素,分析PCT、CRP、PA水平单独及联合检测预测SAP发生的价值。结果 SAP组患者急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统(APACHE Ⅱ)评分、PCT、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、CRP、D-二聚体(D-D)水平均高于MAP组,PA水平低于MAP组(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,APACHE Ⅱ评分升高、PCT升高、IL-6升高、CRP升高、PA降低、D-D升高均是影响SAP发生的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果显示,PCT、CRP、PA水平单独及联合检测预测SAP发生的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.863、0.789、0.757、0.953,灵敏度分别为0.750、0.708、0.708、0.958,特异度分别为0.853、0.824、0.271、0.912(均P<0.05)。结论 APACHE Ⅱ评分升高、PCT升高、IL-6升高、CRP升高、PA降低、D-D升高均是影响SAP发生的独立危险因素,且血清PCT、CRP、PA水平联合检测预测SAP的发生有较高价值。

加强型Q460C方钢管间隙N型节点承载力研究

为考察加强构造对N型节点失效机理和承载力的影响规律,对加强节点和基本节点进行了主管轴压静力加载试验,试验结果表明:基本节点的破坏模式为主管上翼缘受拉鼓曲开裂,加强节点破坏模式为加劲板屈曲和覆板焊缝受拉开裂;加强节点的承载力较基本节点提高了9.4%~36.5%;增加覆板厚度,可明显提高节点承载力。采用ABAQUS软件对覆板和加劲板加强的Q460C方钢管间隙N型节点进行了有限元参数研究,考察了主管宽厚比γ、主支管厚度比η、主支管宽度比β、受拉支管与主管夹角θ、支管间距与主管宽度比ξ对节点破坏模式、应力分布、主管荷载-位移曲线和覆板焊缝断裂指数I f的影响规律。根据试验和数值模拟结果,提出了覆板和加劲板加强的Q460C方钢管间隙N型节点承载力计算式和构造设计建议。

颈前路减压融合ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统治疗退行性颈椎病的Meta分析

目的:颈前路减压融合术是治疗退行性颈椎病的经典手术方式,钉板的使用增加了融合率及稳定性的同时,间接导致了邻近椎体退变和术后吞咽困难的发生。文章通过Meta分析方法比较ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统和传统融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病患者的临床结果和并发症情况,为颈前路减压融合术中内固定方式的选择提供循证学支持。方法:检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science和Embase数据库,检索关于颈前路减压融合术中应用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统与融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病的中英文文献。检索时间范围为各数据库建库至2023年7月。由2名研究者严格按照纳入与排除标准选择文献,采用Cochrane偏倚风险工具对随机对照试验进行质量评价,NOS量表对队列研究进行质量评价。采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结局指标包括手术时间、术中出血量、日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores,JOA)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数、C_(2)-C_(7)Cobb角、融合率、邻近椎体退变发生率、融合器沉降率和吞咽困难发生率。结果:共纳入13项研究,其中回顾性队列研究11项,随机对照试验2项,共1136例患者,ROI-C组569例,融合器联合钉板组567例。Meta分析结果显示:ROI-C组与融合器联合钉板组在手术时间(MD=-15.52,95%CI:-18.62至-12.42,P<0.00001),术中出血量(MD=-24.53,95%CI:-32.46至-16.61,P<0.00001),术后邻近节段退变率(RR=0.40,95%CI:0.27-0.60,P<0.00001)和术后总吞咽困难发生率(RR=0.18,95%CI:0.13-0.26,P<0.00001)均具有显著性差异。两者在术后JOA评分、颈椎功能障碍指数、C_(2)-C_(7)Cobb角、融合率和融合器沉降率方面无显著性差异(P≥0.05)。结论:在颈椎前路减压融合术中应用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统与传统融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病均可达到满意的临床效果,ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统操作更加简单,相比融合器联合钉板内固定能明显减少手术时间及术中出血量,在减少术后吞咽困难及邻近节段退变发生率等方面具有明显优势,对于跳跃型颈椎病及邻椎病翻修患者,更加推荐使用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统。但鉴于其可能存在较高的沉降率,对于多节段且合并融合器沉降高危因素如骨质疏松、椎体终板破损的退行性颈椎病患者,仍建议使用融合器联合钉板内固定。

白细胞介素-17C在自身免疫性皮肤病中的研究进展

白细胞介素17家族(interleukin-17s,IL-17s)具有促炎效应,参与各种自身免疫性疾病的发生发展。IL-17C是IL-17细胞因子家族中的重要成员之一,不同于广泛来源于各种免疫细胞的IL-17A,IL-17C主要由上皮细胞分泌并通过IL-17RE/A受体复合物发挥作用,在银屑病、特应性皮炎等自身免疫性皮肤病中均存在表达异常。本文综述了IL-17C与自身免疫性皮肤病之间关系的研究进展。

lncRNA-TNFRSF13C调控miR-1246对牙周细胞低氧诱导因子1α的作用

背景:LncRNA-TNFRSF13C是B细胞发育和功能中的一个重要因子,在牙周炎患者牙周组织中高表达,但具体机制还不清楚。目的:探讨lncRNA-TNFRSF13C调控miR-1246对牙周细胞低氧诱导因子1α的作用机制。方法:人牙周膜细胞经过脂多糖处理后分为7组:A组(无转染的人牙周膜细胞株)、B组(人牙周膜细胞株转染TNFRSF13C NC-siRNA)、C组(人牙周膜细胞株转染TNFRSF13C-siRNA)、D组(人牙周膜细胞株转染miR-1246 mimics)、E组(人牙周膜细胞株转染miR-1246 siRNA)、F组(人牙周膜细胞株转染TNFRSF13C-siRNA+miR-1246 mimics)及G组(人牙周膜细胞株转染TNFRSF13C-siRNA+miR-1246 siRNA)。采用qRT-PCR检测各组细胞lncRNA-TNFRSF13C、miR-1246相对表达;CCK-8检测细胞活性;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率;免疫印迹检测细胞中低氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子蛋白的表达;Pearson分析lncRNA-TNFRSF13C与miR-1246相关性,双荧光素酶分析靶向关系。结果与结论:①A、B两组人牙周膜细胞活性、凋亡率及蛋白指标比较差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05),与B组相比,C组细胞活性升高、凋亡率及低氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子蛋白降低(P<0.05),与C组相比,D组细胞活性降低,凋亡率及低氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子蛋白均升高(P<0.05),D组相比,E组细胞活性升高(P<0.05),F组细胞活性低于E组,E、F组细胞凋亡率降低(P<0.05),与F组相比,G组细胞活性升高、凋亡率及低氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子蛋白降低(P<0.05)。②lncRNA-TNFRSF13C与miR-1246呈现正相关(P<0.05)。③TNFRSF13C-siRNA组与TNFRSF13C-NC组在miR-1246-wt荧光活性降低(P<0.05);与miR-1246-NC组相比,miR-1246 mimics组低氧诱导因子1α-wt、血管内皮生长因子-wt荧光活性升高(P<0.05)。④结果说明,下调lncRNA-TNFRSF13C对脂多糖处理的牙周细胞具有促进活性、降低凋亡的作用,同时也可抑制低氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子的表达,其机制与调控miR-1246活性相关。

骨疏康干预破骨细胞:激活核因子E2相关因子2调控c-Fos/NFATc1通路

背景:已有研究表明,骨疏康通过调节核苷酸、氨基酸代谢和免疫机制影响骨骼代谢,目前骨疏康治疗骨质疏松症的机制研究主要聚焦于调控成骨细胞,对破骨细胞的关注较少。目的:以RAW 264.7细胞为实验对象,从破骨细胞角度探讨骨疏康治疗骨质疏松症的机制。方法:取8周龄雌性SD大鼠24只,采用随机数字表法分为4组(n=6),3个实验组分别灌胃给予1,2,4 g/kg的骨疏康药液(2次/d),对照组灌胃给予等量蒸馏水(2次/d),连续灌胃7 d后抽取大鼠主动脉血,离心收集血清,同组血清合并,获得低、中、高浓度的骨疏康含药血清及正常血清,进行后续实验。①将RAW 264.7细胞分6组培养:对照组加入正常血清,低、中、高浓度组分别加入低、中、高浓度的骨疏康含药血清,Nrf2抑制剂组加入核因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,Nrf2)抑制剂ML385,Nrf2激活剂组加入Nrf2激活剂t-BHQ,采用CCK8法检测细胞相对活性。②将第3代RAW 264.7细胞分5组培养:空白对照组加入正常血清,破骨组加入核因子κB受体活化因子配体(receptor activator of nuclear factorκB ligand,RANKL),低、中、高浓度组在加入RANKL的基础上分别加入低、中、高浓度的骨疏康含药血清,培养5 d后进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸染色。③将RAW 264.7细胞分5组培养:空白对照组加入正常血清,破骨组加入正常血清与RANKL,高浓度+破骨组加入RANKL+高浓度骨疏康含药血清,破骨+Nrf2激动剂组加入RANKL+t-BHQ,高浓度+破骨+Nrf2抑制剂组加入RANKL+高浓度骨疏康含药血清+ML385,培养5 d后进行Western Blot与活性氧含量检测。结果与结论:①CCK8检测结果显示,骨疏康含药血清及Nrf2抑制剂、激动剂对RAW 264.7细胞活力无明显影响;②抗酒石酸酸性磷酸染色结果显示,骨疏康含药血清呈浓度依赖性抑制破骨细胞的分化;③Western Blot与活性氧含量检测结果显示,与空白对照组比较,破骨组Nrf2蛋白表达降低(P<0.05),c-Fos、NFATc1蛋白表达与活性氧含量升高(P<0.05);与破骨组比较,高浓度+破骨组、破骨+Nrf2激动剂组、高浓度+破骨+Nrf2抑制剂组Nrf2蛋白表达升高、活性氧含量降低(P<0.05),高浓度+破骨组、破骨+Nrf2激动剂组c-Fos、NFATc1蛋白表达降低(P<0.05);与高浓度+破骨组比较,高浓度+破骨+Nrf2抑制剂组Nrf2蛋白表达降低(P<0.05),活性氧含量升高(P<0.05);④结果表明,骨疏康通过激活Nrf2减少活性氧生成,进而抑制下游c-Fos/NFATc1通路表达和破骨细胞分化。

Spectrum of venous thromboembolism in adult patients with ulcerative colitis in Pakistan:A single center retrospective study

BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at a 2-8-fold higher risk of deve-loping venous thromboembolism(VTE)as compared to the general population.Although the exact pathogenesis is unclear,the literature suggests that increased risk of thromboembolic events in such patients occurs as a result of increased coagulation factors,inflammatory cytokines,and reduction in anticoagulants leading to a prothrombotic state.AIM To assess the prevalence,risk factors,management,and outcome of ulcerative colitis(UC)patients who develop VTE.METHODS This was a retrospective chart review done in The Gastroenterology Department of The Aga Khan University Hospital.Data was collected from medical records for all patients admitted with a diagnosis of UC from January 2012 to December 2022.RESULTS Seventy-four patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria.The mean±SD of age at presentation of all UC patients was 45 years±10 years whereas for those who developed VTE,it was 47.6 years±14.7 years.Hypertension and diabetes were the most common co-morbid seen among UC patients with a frequency of 17(22.9%)and 12(16.2%),respectively.A total of 5(6.7%)patients developed VTE.Deep venous thrombosis was the most common thromboembolic phenomenon seen in 3(60%)patients.All the patients with UC and concomitant VTE were discharged home(5;100%).CONCLUSION The prevalence of VTE with UC in Pakistani patients corresponds with the international literature.However,multi-centric studies are required to further explore these results.

基于第一性原理C-Cd掺杂ZnO的电子结构和光学性质的研究

借助于计算材料科学和化学的计算机模拟软件Materials Studio,利用密度泛函理论下的第一性原理的计算方法,系统的计算研究了C、Cd单掺杂以及C和Cd共掺杂(不同浓度)ZnO的形成能、电子结构和光学性质.计算结果表明:单掺杂体系当中,C掺杂时形成能是正的,说明掺杂体系不易形成;共掺杂体系当中,所有掺杂体系的形成能均为负的,C-2Cd掺杂时形成能最低;与本征ZnO相比,所有掺杂体系的禁带宽度均有所降低,由于C元素的掺杂,禁带中产生杂质能级,减小电子跃迁所需要的能量;在光学性质方面,所有掺杂体系在低能区域的吸收图谱、介电函数虚部的峰值与本征ZnO相比均有所增大,且在低能区均发生红移,其中C-2Cd掺杂体系的红移程度最为明显且峰值最大.由此说明C和Cd共掺杂有望提高ZnO的光吸收率和光电转化效率,可以扩展其在光电器件领域中的应用.

Crystallization Modulation and Holistic Passivation Enables Efficient Two‑Terminal Perovskite/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)Tandem Solar Cells

Two-terminal(2-T)perovskite(PVK)/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)tandem solar cells(TSCs)have been considered as an ideal tandem cell because of their best bandgap matching regarding to Shockley–Queisser(S–Q)limits.However,the nature of the irregular rough morphology of commercial CIGS prevents people from improving tandem device performances.In this paper,D-homoserine lactone hydrochloride is proven to improve coverage of PVK materials on irregular rough CIGS surfaces and also passivate bulk defects by modulating the growth of PVK crystals.In addition,the minority carriers near the PVK/C60 interface and the incompletely passivated trap states caused interface recombination.A surface reconstruction with 2-thiopheneethylammonium iodide and N,N-dimethylformamide assisted passivates the defect sites located at the surface and grain boundaries.Meanwhile,LiF is used to create this field effect,repelling hole carriers away from the PVK and C60 interface and thus reducing recombination.As a result,a 2-T PVK/CIGS tandem yielded a power conversion efficiency of 24.6%(0.16 cm^(2)),one of the highest results for 2-T PVK/CIGS TSCs to our knowledge.This validation underscores the potential of our methodology in achieving superior performance in PVK/CIGS tandem solar cells.

Repetitive traumatic brain injury–induced complement C1–related inflammation impairs long-term hippocampal neurogenesis

Repetitive traumatic brain injury impacts adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus,leading to long-term cognitive impairment.However,the mechanism underlying this neurogenesis impairment remains unknown.In this study,we established a male mouse model of repetitive traumatic brain injury and performed long-term evaluation of neurogenesis of the hippocampal dentate gyrus after repetitive traumatic brain injury.Our results showed that repetitive traumatic brain injury inhibited neural stem cell proliferation and development,delayed neuronal maturation,and reduced the complexity of neuronal dendrites and spines.Mice with repetitive traumatic brain injuryalso showed deficits in spatial memory retrieval.Moreover,following repetitive traumatic brain injury,neuroinflammation was enhanced in the neurogenesis microenvironment where C1q levels were increased,C1q binding protein levels were decreased,and canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling was downregulated.An inhibitor of C1 reversed the long-term impairment of neurogenesis induced by repetitive traumatic brain injury and improved neurological function.These findings suggest that repetitive traumatic brain injury–induced C1-related inflammation impairs long-term neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and contributes to spatial memory retrieval dysfunction.

Activin A receptor type 1C single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk in Chinese population

BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)superfamily plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis.Activin A receptor type 1C(ACVR1C)is a TGF-βtype I receptor that is involved in tumorigenesis through binding to dif-ferent ligands.AIM To evaluate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of ACVR1C and susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)in Chinese Han population.METHODS In this hospital-based cohort study,1043 ESCC patients and 1143 healthy controls were enrolled.Five SNPs(rs4664229,rs4556933,rs77886248,rs77263459,rs6734630)of ACVR1C were assessed by the ligation detection reaction method.Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test,genetic model analysis,stratified analysis,linkage disequi-librium test,and haplotype analysis were conducted.RESULTS Participants carrying ACVR1C rs4556933 GA mutant had significantly decreased risk of ESCC,and those with rs77886248 TA mutant were related with higher risk,especially in older male smokers.In the haplotype analysis,ACVR1C Trs4664229Ars4556933Trs77886248Crs77263459Ars6734630 increased risk of ESCC,while Trs4664229Grs4556933Trs77886248Crs77263459Ars6734630 was associated with lower susceptibility to ESCC.CONCLUSION ACVR1C rs4556933 and rs77886248 SNPs were associated with the susceptibility to ESCC,which could provide a potential target for early diagnosis and treatment of ESCC in Chinese Han population.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury:PERK as a potential target for intervention

Several studies have shown that activation of unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress plays a crucial role in severe cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Autophagy occurs within hours after cerebral ischemia,but the relationship between ER stress and autophagy remains unclear.In this study,we established experimental models using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation in PC12 cells and primary neurons to simulate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.We found that prolongation of oxygen-glucose deprivation activated the ER stress pathway protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha(e IF2α)-activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)-C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP),increased neuronal apoptosis,and induced autophagy.Furthermore,inhibition of ER stress using inhibitors or by si RNA knockdown of the PERK gene significantly attenuated excessive autophagy and neuronal apoptosis,indicating an interaction between autophagy and ER stress and suggesting PERK as an essential target for regulating autophagy.Blocking autophagy with chloroquine exacerbated ER stress-induced apoptosis,indicating that normal levels of autophagy play a protective role in neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Findings from this study indicate that cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury can trigger neuronal ER stress and promote autophagy,and suggest that PERK is a possible target for inhibiting excessive autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among various donor groups:A comparative analysis

BACKGROUND Transfusion transmissible infections(TTIs)are illnesses spread through contaminated blood or blood products.In India,screening for TTIs such as hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV),human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-I/II,malaria,and syphilis is mandatory before blood transfusions.Worldwide,HCV,HBV,and HIV are the leading viruses causing mortality,affecting millions of people globally,including those with co-infections of HIV/HCV and HIV/HBV.Studies highlight the impact of TTIs on life expectancy and health risks,such as liver cirrhosis,cancer,and other diseases in individuals with chronic HBV.Globally,millions of blood donations take place annually,emphasizing the importance of maintaining blood safety.AIM To study the prevalence of TTIs,viz.,HBV,HCV,HIV I/II,syphilis,and malaria parasite(MP),among different blood donor groups.METHODS The study assessed the prevalence of TTIs among different blood donor groups in Delhi,India.Groups included total donors,in-house donors,total camp donors,institutional camp donors,and community camp donors.Tests for HIV,HBV,and HCV were done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,while syphilis was tested with rapid plasma reagins and MP rapid card methods.The prevalence of HBV,HCV,HIV,and syphilis,expressed as percentages.Differences in infection rates between the groups were analyzed usingχ²tests and P-values(less than 0.05).RESULTS The study evaluated TTIs among 42158 blood donors in Delhi.The overall cumulative frequency of TTIs in total blood donors was 2.071%,and the frequencies of HBV,HCV,HIV-I/II,venereal disease research laboratory,and MP were 1.048%,0.425%,0.221%,0.377%,and 0.0024%,respectively.In-house donors,representing 37656 donors,had the highest transfusion transmissible infection(TTI)prevalence at 2.167%.Among total camp donors(4502 donors),TTIs were identified in 1.266%of donors,while community camp donors(2439 donors)exhibited a prevalence of 1.558%.Institutional camp donors(2063 donors)had the lowest TTI prevalence at 0.921%.Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in overall TTI prevalence,with total and in-house donors exhibiting higher rates compared to camp donors.CONCLUSION Ongoing monitoring and effective screening programs are essential for minimizing TTIs.Customizing blood safety measures for different donor groups and studying socio-economic-health factors is essential to improving blood safety.

阿奇霉素对肺炎支原体肺炎患儿血清C反应蛋白、降钙素原水平的影响

目的 分析肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)患儿接受阿奇霉素治疗对其血清C反应蛋白(CRP)及降钙素原(PCT)水平变化的影响。方法 回顾性分析2023年7月至2024年7月淮安市第五人民医院收治的88例MPP患儿的临床资料,根据治疗方案不同分为对照组(44例,接受红霉素联合常规对症治疗)和观察组(44例,接受阿奇霉素联合常规对症治疗)。比较两组患儿疗效、免疫球蛋白(Ig)A、IgG、IgM、T淋巴细胞亚群(CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞百分比、CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞百分比、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值)水平、炎症因子指标[CRP、PCT、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]水平和不良反应发生情况。结果 观察组患儿整体疗效更优,总有效率更高(均P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿IgA、IgG、IgM水平均升高,且观察组更高(均P<0.05)。两组患儿治疗后T淋巴细胞亚群水平均改善,且观察组均更优(均P<0.05)。两组患儿治疗后炎症因子水平均降低,且观察组均更低(均P<0.05)。观察组患儿不良反应总发生率更低(P<0.05)。结论 与红霉素对比,阿奇霉素治疗MPP患儿效果更佳,可有效改善其免疫功能、T淋巴细胞亚群水平,降低CRP、PCT水平,安全性较好。

Netrin-1 signaling pathway mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases

Netrin-1 and its receptors play crucial roles in inducing axonal growth and neuronal migration during neuronal development.Their profound impacts then extend into adulthood to encompass the maintenance of neuronal survival and synaptic function.Increasing amounts of evidence highlight several key points:(1)Diminished Netrin-1 levels exacerbate pathological progression in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease,and potentially,similar alterations occur in humans.(2)Genetic mutations of Netrin-1 receptors increase an individuals’susceptibility to neurodegenerative disorders.(3)Therapeutic approaches targeting Netrin-1 and its receptors offer the benefits of enhancing memory and motor function.(4)Netrin-1 and its receptors show genetic and epigenetic alterations in a variety of cancers.These findings provide compelling evidence that Netrin-1 and its receptors are crucial targets in neurodegenerative diseases.Through a comprehensive review of Netrin-1 signaling pathways,our objective is to uncover potential therapeutic avenues for neurodegenerative disorders.

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者血清同型半胱氨酸、超敏C反应蛋白水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系研究

目的 探讨冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平与冠状动脉(简称冠脉)病变程度的关系。方法 选取2020年5月至2024年5月于盐城市第一人民医院治疗的104例冠心病患者为冠心病组,另选取同期于盐城市第一人民医院进行体检的50例健康体检者为对照组,进行回顾性分析。采用冠脉造影评估患者冠脉狭窄程度,并分为轻度组(34例)、中度组(37例)和重度组(33例)。比较冠心病组与对照组研究对象及不同冠脉狭窄程度患者资料;分析氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、Hcy、hs-CRP水平与冠心病患者冠脉狭窄程度的相关性;采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析NT-proBNP、Hcy、hs-CRP水平评估冠心病患者重度冠脉狭窄的价值。结果 冠心病组研究对象NT-proBNP、Hcy、hs-CRP水平均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。重度组患者NT-proBNP、Hcy、hs-CRP水平均高于中度组、轻度组,中度组均高于轻度组(均P<0.05)。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,NT-proBNP、Hcy、hs-CRP水平与冠心病患者冠脉狭窄程度呈正相关(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,NT-proBNP、Hcy、hs-CRP单独及联合评估冠心病患者重度冠脉狭窄的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.854、0.863、0.823、0.942,灵敏度分别为0.788、0.758、0.758、0.909(均P<0.05)。结论 随着冠心病患者冠脉狭窄程度加重,NT-proBNP、Hcy、hs-CRP水平升高,上述指标可用于诊断冠心病冠脉狭窄程度。