The relationships between fatigue threshold △Kth and the initial yield .strength σ0 of normalized 1035 steel after various prestrain (at fist, second and third hardening stages respectively) were investigated throug...The relationships between fatigue threshold △Kth and the initial yield .strength σ0 of normalized 1035 steel after various prestrain (at fist, second and third hardening stages respectively) were investigated through the analysis of theσ-εcurves and transmission electron microscope (TEM). After prestraining at first or second hardening stage, there is a marked drop in the values of △Kth and σ0. This is in correspondence with the depinning of the solute atoms from the dislocation lines in the Cottrell atmosphere.At the third hardening stage of prestrain the fatigue threshold increases rapidly and △Kth is even 1.6 times as large as the original value. This is because at this stage no dislocation-cell free areas can be found and the refinement of the dislocation cells occurs with the increase in the prestrain level.展开更多
The crack volume strain method and acoustic emission(AE)method are used to analyze the anisotropy of the crack initiation strength,damage strength,the failure mode and the AE characteristics of coal reservoir.The resu...The crack volume strain method and acoustic emission(AE)method are used to analyze the anisotropy of the crack initiation strength,damage strength,the failure mode and the AE characteristics of coal reservoir.The results show that coal reservoirs show obvious anisotropic characteristics in compressive strength,cracking initiation strength and damage strength.The compressive strength of coal reservoirs decreases with the increase of bedding angle,but the reservoirs with bedding angles of 450 and 900 differ little in compressive strength.The crack initiation strength and damage strength decrease first and then increase with the increase of bedding angle.The crack initiation strength and damage strength are the highest,at the bedding angle of 0°,moderate at the bedding angle of 90°,and lowest at the bedding angle of 45°.When the bedding angle is 0°,the failure of the coal reservoirs is mainly steady propagation of large-scale fractures.When the bedding angle is 45°,one type of failure is caused by steady propagation of small-scale fractures,and the other type of failure is due to a sudden instability of large-scale fractures.When the bedding angle is 90°,the failure is mainly demonstrated by a sudden-instability of small-scale fractures.Compared with the cumulative count method of the AE,the cumulative energy method is more suitable for determining crack initiation strength and damage strength of coal reservoirs.展开更多
The effect of initial fabric anisotropy produced by sample preparation on the shear behavior of granular soil is investigated by performing discrete element method （DEM） simulations of fourteen biaxial tests in drai...The effect of initial fabric anisotropy produced by sample preparation on the shear behavior of granular soil is investigated by performing discrete element method （DEM） simulations of fourteen biaxial tests in drained conditions. Numerical test specimens are prepared by three means： gravitational deposition, multi-layer compression, and isotropic compression, such that different initial inherent soil fabrics are created. The DEM simulation results show that initial fabric anisotropy exerts a considerable effect on the shear behavior of granular soil, and that the peak stress ratio and peak dilatancy increase with an increase in the fabric index an that is estimated from the contact orientations. The stress-dilatancy relationship is found to be independent of the initial fabric anisotropy. The anisotropy related to the contact orientation and contact normal force accounts for the main contribution to the mobilized friction angle. Also, the occurrence of contractive shear response in an initial shearing stage is accompanied by the most intense particle rearrangement and microstructural reorganization, regardless of the sample preparation method. Furthermore, the uniqueness of the critical state line in e-logp＇ and q-p＇ plots is observed, suggesting that the influence of initial fabric anisotropy is erased at large shear strains.展开更多
文摘The relationships between fatigue threshold △Kth and the initial yield .strength σ0 of normalized 1035 steel after various prestrain (at fist, second and third hardening stages respectively) were investigated through the analysis of theσ-εcurves and transmission electron microscope (TEM). After prestraining at first or second hardening stage, there is a marked drop in the values of △Kth and σ0. This is in correspondence with the depinning of the solute atoms from the dislocation lines in the Cottrell atmosphere.At the third hardening stage of prestrain the fatigue threshold increases rapidly and △Kth is even 1.6 times as large as the original value. This is because at this stage no dislocation-cell free areas can be found and the refinement of the dislocation cells occurs with the increase in the prestrain level.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51804309,51861145403)State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining,China(SHJT-17-42.10)。
文摘The crack volume strain method and acoustic emission(AE)method are used to analyze the anisotropy of the crack initiation strength,damage strength,the failure mode and the AE characteristics of coal reservoir.The results show that coal reservoirs show obvious anisotropic characteristics in compressive strength,cracking initiation strength and damage strength.The compressive strength of coal reservoirs decreases with the increase of bedding angle,but the reservoirs with bedding angles of 450 and 900 differ little in compressive strength.The crack initiation strength and damage strength decrease first and then increase with the increase of bedding angle.The crack initiation strength and damage strength are the highest,at the bedding angle of 0°,moderate at the bedding angle of 90°,and lowest at the bedding angle of 45°.When the bedding angle is 0°,the failure of the coal reservoirs is mainly steady propagation of large-scale fractures.When the bedding angle is 45°,one type of failure is caused by steady propagation of small-scale fractures,and the other type of failure is due to a sudden instability of large-scale fractures.When the bedding angle is 90°,the failure is mainly demonstrated by a sudden-instability of small-scale fractures.Compared with the cumulative count method of the AE,the cumulative energy method is more suitable for determining crack initiation strength and damage strength of coal reservoirs.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 51209237, 51428901,41030747） and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （No. 131gpy05）.
文摘The effect of initial fabric anisotropy produced by sample preparation on the shear behavior of granular soil is investigated by performing discrete element method （DEM） simulations of fourteen biaxial tests in drained conditions. Numerical test specimens are prepared by three means： gravitational deposition, multi-layer compression, and isotropic compression, such that different initial inherent soil fabrics are created. The DEM simulation results show that initial fabric anisotropy exerts a considerable effect on the shear behavior of granular soil, and that the peak stress ratio and peak dilatancy increase with an increase in the fabric index an that is estimated from the contact orientations. The stress-dilatancy relationship is found to be independent of the initial fabric anisotropy. The anisotropy related to the contact orientation and contact normal force accounts for the main contribution to the mobilized friction angle. Also, the occurrence of contractive shear response in an initial shearing stage is accompanied by the most intense particle rearrangement and microstructural reorganization, regardless of the sample preparation method. Furthermore, the uniqueness of the critical state line in e-logp＇ and q-p＇ plots is observed, suggesting that the influence of initial fabric anisotropy is erased at large shear strains.
