Comparison of intra-articular injection of parecoxib vs oral administration of celecoxib for the clinical efficacy in the treatment of early knee osteoarthritis

BACKGROUND Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)have played a crucial role in the treatment of osteoarthritis,especially in the early stages.However,the cardiovascular risk and adverse gastrointestinal reactions of oral NSAIDs in elderly people cannot be underestimated.Intra-articular injection of NSAIDs may be a new attempt for early knee osteoarthritis treatment.Parecoxib may be a suitable drug for intra-articular injection.AIM To observe the clinical efficacy of the intra-articular injection of parecoxib for early knee osteoarthritis.METHODS Early knee osteoarthritis patients(n=110)were retrospectively analyzed.These patients were divided into three groups:Basic treatment+oral glucosamine(group A,n=37),oral celecoxib+basic treatment+oral glucosamine(group B,n=37),and intra-articular injection of parecoxib+basic treatment+oral glucosamine(group C,n=36).Intra-articular injection of parecoxib was performed once every 2 wk at a dose of 40 mg each time,for three times total.The three groups were compared in terms of visual analogue scale(VAS)scores,Hospital for Special Surgery(HSS)scores and patient satisfaction before and after treatment.The levels of inflammatory cytokines in the synovial fluid were detected in the three groups before and after treatment.RESULTS All patients were followed up for an average of 15.5±2.7 mo.The clinical efficacy was estimated by VAS and HSS scores at 12 mo after treatment.Inflammatory cytokine levels in the synovial fluid were evaluated at 3 mo after treatment.VAS and HSS scores were significantly improved in each group compared with before(P<0.001).There were significant differences among the three groups in VAS and HSS scores(P<0.001).The clinical efficacy of group C was superior to that of groups A and B(P<0.001),while group B outperformed group A in this respect(P<0.001).The patient satisfaction was the highest in group C(P<0.001).After treatment,the levels of tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)and interleukin(IL)-6 in the synovial fluid decreased in each group compared with before(P<0.001),while the levels of IL-10 increased(P<0.001).The three groups differed significantly in the levels of TNF-a,IL-6 and IL-10 in the synovial fluid after treatment(P<0.001).CONCLUSION For patients with early knee osteoarthritis,intra-articular injection of parecoxib could effectively improve clinical symptoms.This method may be a reliable alternative for early knee osteoarthritis.

Intra-articular delivery of tetramethylpyrazine microspheres with enhanced articular cavity retention for treating osteoarthritis

Tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with strong antiinflammatory and cartilage protection activities, and thus a promising candidate for treating osteoarthritis. However, TMP is rapidly cleared from the joint cavity after intra-articular injection and requires multiple injections to maintain efficacy. The aim of this study was to encapsulate TMP into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) microspheres to enhance the TMP retention in the joint, reducing injection frequencies and decreasing dosage. TMP microspheres were prepared by emulsion/solvent evaporation method. The intra-articular retention of the drug was assessed by detecting the drug concentration distributed in the joint tissue at different time points. The therapeutic effect of TMP microspheres was evaluated by the swelling of knee joints and histologic analysis in papain-induced OA rat model. The prepared freezedried microspheres with a particle size of about 10 μm can effectively prolong the retention time of the drug in the articular cavity to 30 d, which is 4.7 times that of the TMP solution.Intra-articular injection of TMP microspheres efficiently relieved inflammatory symptoms,improved joint lesions and decreased the depletion of proteoglycan. In conclusion, intraarticular injection of TMP loaded microspheres was a promising therapeutic method in the treatment of OA.

Intra-articular transplantation of porcine adipose-derived stem cells for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis: A pilot study

AIM: To test whether intra-articular injection of porcine adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) can treat canine osteoarthritis(OA).METHODS: To enroll in this study dogs must have stifle joint OA that had lasted ≥ 3 mo and been treated with OA medication without significant improvement. Three dogs fulfilled these criteria and were thus subjects for ADSCs treatment. ADSCs were isolated from abdominal adipose tissue of a 2-mo-old female Yorkshire pig. Their stem cell marker expression was examined by immunofluorescence staining. For treatment, 5 million ADSCs were injected into the diseased joint of each dog. In the next 48 h, the patient was observed for signs of inflammatory and allergic reactions. Thepatient was then discharged to the owner and, at 2, 6, and 12 wk, followed up with orthopedic assessment, owner questionnaire, X-ray imaging, and force-plate gait analysis.RESULTS: Porcine ADSCs expressed mesenchymal stem cell markers CD90 and CD105. Injection of porcine ADSCs into canine stifle joints did not cause any inflammatory or allergic reactions. Orthopedic evaluation found improvements in two dogs, particularly at the longest time point. Owners' evaluation found increased capacity and decreased pain in all three dogs' activities such as walking and running. Radiographic evaluation did not find statistically significant differences before and after treatment. Force-plate analysis found significant improvements in all three dogs after treatment.CONCLUSION: Xenotransplantation of ADSCs for the treatment of OA is feasible. Further studies are needed to validate this novel treatment modality, which can then be implemented for the routine treatment of OA in veterinary medicine.

Comparison of the effects of carbamyl-β-methylcholine chloride ad ministered by intravenous,intramuscular and intra-acupuncture point injections

OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of carbamylβ-methylcholine chloride(CMCC) administered by intra-acupuncture point injection(IAI),intramuscular injection(IMI),and intravenous injection(IVI),and to analyze the mechanisms.METHODS:In the IAI group,CMCC was injected into the Zusanli acupoint(ST 36) immediately after 30-min stimulation by electro-acupuncture(EA) at the acupoints,and into the femoral vein and skeletal muscle in IVI and IMI groups,respectively.Intra-gastric pressure was detected.The plasma concentration of CMCC was measured at various times.RESULTS:The gastric effect of CMCC in the IVI group was enhanced and attenuated more rapidly than in the other groups.In the IAI group,this effect was significantly stronger than that in the IMI group at 2 min and 15 min,but not significantly different between the two groups at 5 min and 30 min.Plasma concentration of CMCC in the IAI group was similar to that in the IVI group at 2 min,but higher than that in the IMI group.The concentration in the IAI group was higher than that in the IV group and similar to that in the IMI group at 5,15 and 30 min,indicating rapid increase and slower reduction of the plasma concentration of the drug in the IAI group.There was a positive correlation between the plasma concentration of CMCC and intragastric pressure in all groups.CONCLUSION:The effect of IAI with CMCC was stronger than that of IMI and longer-lasting than that of IVI,which correlated with the blood concentration of CMCC.

Continuous Intra-Articular Ropivacaine/Tramadol Combination Infusion Therapy Improves Postoperative Outcome of Total Knee Arthroplasty

Objectives: To evaluate the postoperative analgesic yield of continuous intra-articular (IA) ropivacaine/tramadol infusion as against infusion of ropivacaine alone after total knee arthroplasty. Patients and Methods: Sixty patients accompanied by arthrosis were randomly divided into three equal groups: The ropivacaine group, which obtained a continuous intraarticular (IA) infusion of ropivacaine alone;the combination group, which obtained a continuous (IA) infusion of a combination of ropivacaine and tramadol at a rate of 6 ml/h for 72 h postoperatively;and the control group, which did not receive IA medications. After release of the ischemic tourniquet and assurance of haemostasis, a vacuum drainage tube was applied. The (IA) infusion was delivered through a multipored catheter for 72 h. Postoperative pain was assessed using visual analogue pain scale (VAS), and intravenous meperidine was administered as rescue analgesia if the (VAS) pain score was greater than or equal to (4) or on patient’s request. The total rescue analgesia consumption, angle of flexion of the knee and hospital stay were recorded. Results: The ability to achieve better angle of flexion was significantly higher in the combination group compared with the other groups, with a significant difference in favour of the ropivacaine group compared with the control group. At 2 h postoperatively, the mean pain (VAS) scores were significantly lower in patients who received (IA) analgesia compared with the control group and in the ropivacaine/tramadol group versus the ropivacaine group. The number of requests and total dose of rescue analgesia consumed were significantly lower with (IA) analgesia, with a significant difference in favour of the combination group. There was significant correlation between pain (VAS) scores and angle of flexion of the knee joint. Conclusion: Continuous (IA) ropivacaine/tramadol infusion safely reduced postoperative pain and spared administration of rescue analgesics with a significantly improved range of joint movement.

Primary Combined Intra-articular and Extra-articular Synovial Osteochondromatosis of Shoulder: a Case Report

PRIMARY synovial chondromatosis is a rarecondition in which foci of cartilage develop in thesynovial membrane of joints, bursae and tendonsheaths. It typically involves a single large jointin a young adult male.1 The ectopic foci of cartilage canresult in painful joint effusion, and the generation of loosebodies can cause mechanical symptoms.2,3 The etiology ofprimary synovial chondromatosis remains unknown, butmetaplastic theory is the most popular hypothesis. Thecommonly involved joints are knee, elbow, and hip.^4 Theshoulder is a rare site of synovial chondromatosis2,3,5 andthe extra-articular involvement even rarer, with only fewcases presented in literature. This report presents a rarecase of primary combined intra-articular andextra-articular synovial chondromatosis of shoulder jointtreated with arthroscopy.

Operative vs nonoperative treatment of displaced intraarticular calcaneal fracture: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

AIM: To investigate clinical efficacy of displaced intraarticular calcaneal fracture(DIACF) following operation and nonoperation. METHODS: Literature search was performed of Pub Med and Cochrane Library by two independent authors to identify randomized controlled trials(RCTs) comparing operative vs nonoperative treatment of DIACF from inception to December 31 st, 2013. RCT quality was evaluated by the modified Jadad scale. Dichotomous variables were pooled using risk ratios by review manager 5.3 software. Fixed-effects or randomeffects models were adopted with P > 0.05 or P ≤ 0.05 for heterogeneity tests, respectively.RESULTS: Eight RCTs comprising 767 cases met inclusion criteria. Results revealed that more surgically treated patients could resume pre-injury job(P = 0.006). No statistical differences were found between the two groups in residual pain(P = 0.33), shoe fitting problems(P = 0.07), limited walking distance(P = 0.56) or secondary late arthrodesis(P = 0.38). However, operative treatment was associated with a higher complication rate(P = 0.003). Subgroup analyses of specific complications revealed that except for a higher risk of superficial wound problems(P < 0.0001) in operative group, the two groups had similar complication rate in deep wound infection(P = 0.34),compartment syndrome(P = 0.46), thromboembolism(P = 0.32), reflex sympathetic dystrophy(P = 0.51) or traumatic arthritis secondary to DIACF(P = 0.43).CONCLUSION: Current evidence demonstrates that compared with operative treatment, conservative treatment of DIACF lead to similar clinical outcomes regarding residual pain, shoe fitting, walking distance and secondary subtalar arthrodesis but a significantly lower complication rate.

Target Transfusion Intra-Articular Therapy for Osteoarthritic Joints

The comparison of biochemical composition and biophysical properties of synovial fluid and blood serum leads to a conclusion about the pathogenetic expediency of using serum as a corrector of synovial medium of osteoarthritic joints. Serum modification was realized by preliminary prescription of a single-dose drug to the patient. Then, the patient’s blood was sampled in the period of its maximal saturation with the drug. Autoserum from such blood samples was injected thrice into the knee joints affected by osteoarthritis of the 2nd or 3rd stages. The value of treatment results after 4 - 6 months of described therapeutics shows a significantly better therapeutic effect in the experimental of patient’s group as compared with the control group. The effect is connected with pain diminishing, normalization of the tissue joint nutrition, suppression of the local inflammation, and improvement of cartilage lubrication.

Intraarticular Nodular Fasciitis in the Knee Joint with <i>USP6</i>-Gene Rearrangement<br/>—A Case Report with Special Attention to Diagnostics of Intraarticular Lesions

Background: Nodular fasciitis (NF) is currently considered a self-limited clonal neoplastic process. It shares the rearrangement of USP6-gene with aneurysmal bone cysts and myositis ossificans. The presented case is of interest as this is a rare site of presentation of NF;so far only few single cases of intraarticular NF have been reported with documented USP6-gene rearrangement. Intraarticular neoplasias of the knee joint are rare;the most frequent being tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT). Given a nationwide annual incidence rate of 14 for the lower extremity and about 75% affecting the knee joint about 10 new cases involving the knee joint can be expected per 1 million persons/year. All other types of benign neoplasms are comparably rare while malignant intraarticular processes are extremely rare with most of them reported as single case studies. Aim: We report our case to emphasize the importance of preoperative diagnostics including the option of biopsy. Intraarticular malignant processes are extremely rare and frequently are operated on accidently with negative consequences for the patient. Tactics and techniques to treat benign processes depend on the correct pathologic diagnosis. Case presentation: The 38 year old man noticed slowly increasing swelling of his left knee joint after wakeboarding. Because of continuing discomfort 2 months later MRI diagnostic revealed, apart from retropatellar cartilage lesions, a popliteal mass compatible with a Baker cyst. The lesion of interest (later diagnosed as NF) was neither recognized by the radiologist nor the treating clinician. During the following 8 months the patient felt increasing swelling of the knee joint. The repeat MRI documented the crescent intraarticular solid synovial mass in the medial patellofemoral recess without signs of hemosiderin impregnation. A percutaneous sonographically guided 16G needle biopsy was performed. Histologically, bland myofibroblastic proliferation suggestive of nodular fasciitis (NF) was found. The next generation sequencing (NGS) demonstrated the presence of MYH9-USP6 gene fusion, confirming the diagnosis of NF. The lesion was excised under arthroscopic control. At 1 year follow-up the patient is asymptomatic. Conclusion: The case is of interest because of its rare pathology. The decision how to treat was based on pathologic biopsy diagnostics including the USP6-gene rearrangement. In view of similar presentation of the rare malignancies we also want to stress the importance of definitive diagnostics which generally are possible only through biopsy.

低剂量类固醇激素联合玻璃酸钠治疗粘连性肩关节囊炎的临床效果

目的比较低剂量类固醇激素、高剂量类固醇激素及低剂量类固醇激素联合玻璃酸钠治疗粘连性肩关节囊炎的效果。方法选取2020年12月至2021年12月我科收治的60例粘连性肩关节囊炎患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为低剂量组、高剂量组和联合组,各20例。低剂量组给予关节腔内注射0.5 mL复方倍他米松注射液,高剂量组给予关节腔内注射1 mL复方倍他米松注射液,联合组给予关节腔内注射0.5 mL复方倍他米松注射液联合2.5 mL玻璃酸钠。比较三组的治疗效果。结果治疗后2、4、8、16周,三组的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、肩关节疼痛与功能障碍指数(SPADI)评分低于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后2、4、8、16周,联合组的VAS、SPADI评分低于低剂量组(P<0.05);治疗后2、4、8、16周,联合组和高剂量组的VAS、SPADI评分无明显差异(P>0.05)。治疗后2、4、8、16周,三组的肩关节外展活动度及肩关节外旋活动度大于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗后2、4、8、16周,三组的肩关节外展活动度及肩关节外旋活动度无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论低剂量类固醇激素联合玻璃酸钠可以缓解粘连性肩关节囊炎患者的疼痛,改善关节功能,其效果与高剂量类固醇激素相当,优于低剂量类固醇激素。

老年心肌梗死患者术中冠状动脉内注射重组人TNK组织型纤溶酶原激活剂对微循环的影响

目的探讨血栓抽吸联合冠状动脉内注射重组人TNK组织型纤溶酶原激活剂对老年ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术中冠状动脉微循环及心功能的影响。方法回顾性选取2021年1月至2023年10月于天津市第三中心医院就诊的并行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的老年ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者90例,根据经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术中介入策略不同分为单纯血栓抽吸组(抽吸组)46例和血栓抽吸联合冠状动脉内注射重组人TNK组织型纤溶酶原激活剂组(联合组)44例。比较2组一般临床资料,术后90 min ST段回落指数≥70%比例,术后即刻心肌梗死溶栓试验(thrombolysis in myocardial infarction,TIMI)血流分级,术后TIMI心肌灌注分级,校正的TIMI血流帧数,心脏超声指标以及住院期间主要不良心血管事件及出血事件。结果联合组术后ST段回落≥70%、术后即刻TIMI血流分级3级、术后TIMI心肌灌注分级3级比例显著高于抽吸组,校正的TIMI血流帧数显著低于抽吸组(P<0.05);抽吸组术后1周的左心室射血分数显著低于联合组[(52.5±6.2)%vs(58.3±6.4)%,P<0.05],联合组术后1周左心室舒张末期内径显著低于抽吸组[(44.1±3.9)mm vs(51.9±2.5)mm,P<0.05];联合组住院期间主要不良心血管事件发生率显著低于抽吸组(20.5%vs 37.0%,P<0.05)。结论在应用抽吸导管的基础上配合冠状动脉内注射重组人TNK组织型纤溶酶原激活剂可有效降低老年ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者冠状动脉内血栓负荷,改善心肌微循环灌注,降低住院期间主要不良心血管事件发生率且不增加出血风险。

小针刀联合关节腔注射玻璃酸钠治疗肩周炎患者的效果

目的:分析小针刀联合关节腔注射玻璃酸钠治疗肩周炎患者的效果。方法:选取2020年3月—2023年2月福建中医药大学附属第二人民医院收治的100例肩周炎患者。根据随机数表法将其分为研究组与参考组,各50例。参考组给予关节腔注射玻璃酸钠治疗,研究组在参考组基础上给予小针刀治疗。比较两组治疗前后肩关节功能、疼痛程度及临床疗效。结果:治疗后,研究组总有效率显著高于参考组,两组活动度、功能、肌力、症状评分均升高,研究组上述指标均高于参考组,研究组视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分低于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:小针刀联合关节腔注射玻璃酸钠治疗肩周炎患者可以有效减轻疼痛程度,改善肩关节功能。

氨基葡萄糖联合膝关节腔注射富血小板血浆治疗膝骨关节炎的临床效果

目的探讨氨基葡萄糖联合膝关节腔注射富血小板血浆(PRP)治疗膝骨关节炎(KOA)的临床效果。方法选取2018年1月至2022年3月于广东省梅州市人民医院关节外科就诊的81例KOA患者,按随机数字表法分为观察组(40例)和对照组(41例)。对照组予硫酸氨基葡萄糖胶囊治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合膝关节腔注射富血小板血浆治疗,2组均连续治疗12个月。比较2组临床疗效以及视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、美国特种外科医院膝关节评分(HSS)、血液标本指标、关节积液指标水平以及不良反应发生率。结果观察组总有效率高于对照组[95.0%(38/40)比73.2%(30/41)](χ^(2)=7.161,P=0.008)。治疗后6、12个月,2组VAS评分均低于治疗前、且观察组低于对照组,2组HSS评分均高于治疗前、且观察组高于对照组(均P<0.05)。治疗后6、12个月,2组C反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率、白细胞介素6、透明质酸结合蛋白水平均低于治疗前、且观察组均低于对照组(均P<0.05);2组转化生长因子β1及透明质酸合酶1(HAS1)、HAS2、HAS3蛋白及mRNA水平均高于治疗前、且观察组均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。2组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论氨基葡萄糖联合膝关节腔注射PRP治疗KOA的临床效果良好,可明显改善患者膝关节功能、减轻患者炎症反应。

初次全膝置换中氨甲环酸一种改良局部应用的效果分析

背景:近些年来,氨甲环酸被广泛应用来应对全膝关节置换术中产生的大量失血,但局部应用的最佳方法还没有定论。目的:评估术中局部应用氨甲环酸联合物理加压包扎降低全膝关节置换围术期出血量的有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年12月在西安市红会医院进行全膝关节置换的90例患者,根据术中氨甲环酸不同局部使用方法将患者分为3组,每组30例。加压包扎组将2 g氨甲环酸置于关节腔内,纱布和棉垫填塞伤口后使用绷带对伤口加压包扎;周围浸润组将2 g氨甲环酸注射到关节腔周围组织;腔内注射组将2 g氨甲环酸注射于关节腔内。统计分析3组患者的出血量、手术时间、凝血指标、炎症指标以及术后并发症。结果与结论:①在总失血量、隐性失血量、血红蛋白下降值方面,周围浸润组最少,加压包扎组和周围浸润组无统计学差异(P>0.05);在术中失血量方面,加压包扎组最少,且与周围浸润组、腔内注射组比较,均有统计学差异(P<0.05);在手术时长方面,3组患者比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05);②3组患者术前,术后第1,3天凝血指标(D-二聚体、纤维蛋白降解产物)和炎症指标(C-反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率)均无统计学差异(P>0.05);③3组患者在患肢血流缓慢、肌间静脉血栓、软组织肿胀、伤口并发症发生率方面均无统计学差异(P>0.05),且均未出现深静脉血栓和肺栓塞;④局部应用氨甲环酸联合加压包扎这一方式,在操作简单、减少围术期失血量方面达到与关节腔周围注射效果相同的同时,避免了反复穿刺带来的创伤,也未增加术后并发症的发生率,值得临床推广。

关节腔冲洗联合液态浓缩生长因子注射治疗单侧颞下颌关节骨关节炎的初步研究

目的:观察关节腔冲洗联合液态浓缩生长因子(concentrated growth factor, CGF)注射治疗单侧颞下颌关节骨关节炎(temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis, TMJOA)的短期临床效果,以期为TMJOA患者提供新的治疗选择。方法:采用非随机对照研究,选择2021年6月至2023年1月于北京大学口腔医院颞下颌关节病及口颌面疼痛诊治中心就诊的单侧TMJOA患者作为研究对象,分为试验组和对照组,由患者自行选择入组。试验组行关节腔冲洗联合液态CGF注射治疗,对照组行关节腔冲洗联合透明质酸(hyaluronic acid, HA)注射治疗,分别治疗3次,每两周1次。治疗完成后6个月通过最大自主张口度、疼痛值和下颌功能受限程度等指标评价临床治疗效果,通过治疗前后的锥形束CT(cone beam CT,CBCT)图像融合技术评价髁突骨质的变化。结果:试验组纳入20例患者,其中男性3例,女性17例,平均年龄(34.40±8.41)岁;对照组纳入15例患者,其中男性1例,女性14例,平均年龄(32.20±12.00)岁,两组患者一般资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者治疗前的张口度、疼痛值及下颌功能受限程度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后上述指标较治疗前均有所改善(P<0.05),但试验组患者治疗后的张口度显著大于对照组(P<0.05),下颌功能受限程度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。CBCT二维图像显示两组患者治疗后的髁突骨质均较治疗前光滑,图像融合分析显示试验组10例(50.0%)患者和对照组5例(33.3%)患者的髁突出现修复改建区域,两者之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。除1例试验组患者外,两组其余患者的髁突均有部分区域吸收。结论:关节腔冲洗联合液态CGF注射在短期内可以改善单侧TMJOA患者的临床症状和体征,且在增加张口度和改善下颌功能方面优于HA对照组。两组患者的CBCT融合图像均显示部分病例有髁突骨质修复改建的表现,但其与治疗方案的相关性仍需要扩大样本量进一步研究。

胫骨高位截骨促进软骨再生治疗膝骨关节炎

背景:对于全膝关节置换无法取得满意疗效的早期膝骨关节炎,胫骨高位截骨能促进受损软骨再生,缓解患者症状,是治疗膝骨关节炎的经典保膝治疗方案。目的:对胫骨高位截骨刺激膝骨关节炎软骨再生的有效性、作用机制及应用前景展开回顾与讨论,为利用胫骨高位截骨术联合软骨再生策略治疗膝骨关节炎提供理论基础。方法:计算机检索PubMed数据库、Web of Science、中国知网、万方医学数据库收录的相关文献。英文检索词为“knee osteoarthritis,high tibial osteotomy,limb alignment,chondrocytes,biomechanics,intra-articular”,中文检索词为“膝骨关节炎,胫骨高位截骨术,下肢力线,软骨细胞,生物力学,关节腔注射”,主要收集数据库中2013-2023年相关的文献,最终纳入75篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:①胫骨高位截骨纠正下肢力线能有效缓解患者的症状,延缓甚至避免全膝关节置换,是骨科阶梯化治疗的重要组成部分;②正常的力学微环境对软骨细胞的表型和功能维持是必须的,异常的力学信号可以通过初级纤毛、整合素、细胞骨架和核骨架成分等机械传感器转化为细胞内的化学信号,导致软骨基质代谢和炎症调控的紊乱;③异常应力作用后的软骨细胞在合适的应力下仍有恢复为正常表型的潜能,胫骨高位截骨术纠正力学微环境后可导致自发性软骨修复和滑膜炎症缓解;④对于尚不满足全膝关节置换的早期膝骨关节炎患者,胫骨高位截骨术联合软骨再生策略的前景值得期待。

关节腔注射治疗骨关节炎药物载体系统中的软骨靶向功能

背景:关节腔注射给药已经在骨关节炎治疗中占有重要地位,新型的药物递送系统的开发给予了更多选择。软骨靶向功能是针对治疗骨关节炎时药物附着或留置在软骨层中形成药库,达到缓释和精准药物递送。目的:综述关节腔注射治疗骨关节炎中各种软骨靶向生物材料和其特点。

股神经阻滞联合关节腔浸润麻醉在膝关节镜手术中的应用效果

目的评价股神经阻滞联合关节腔浸润麻醉在膝关节镜手术中的安全性和有效性。方法选择滨州医学院附属医院骨关节外科2022年1月至6月因半月板损伤、游离体、骨性关节炎计划行单侧膝关节镜手术患者120例,随机分为股神经阻滞联合关节腔浸润麻醉组(F/I组)和腰硬联合麻醉组(CSEA组),每组60例。F/I组中男32例,女28例,年龄(38.75±11.35)岁;CSEA组中男25例,女35例,年龄(37.80±10.85)岁。比较两组术中补救例数、术后视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、术后感觉恢复时间及首次下地活动时间、术后并发症、住院花费及住院天数等指标的差异。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验、Fisher确切概率法。结果F/I组术后6 h VAS评分低于CSEA组[(2.08±0.61)分比(2.54±0.64)分],差异有统计学意义(t=-2.484,P=0.018)。F/I组感觉恢复时间长于CSEA组[(6.25±0.40)h比(3.60±0.31)h,首次下地活动时间短于CESA组[(2.99±1.05)h比(8.14±1.88)h],差异均有统计学意义(t=14.095、-12.263,均P<0.001)。术后并发症:F/I组术中加用麻醉发生率3.3%(2/60)、尿潴留发生率0、下肢静脉血栓发生率1.7%(1/60)、恶心呕吐发生率3.3%(2/60),CSEA组术中加用麻醉发生率0、尿潴留发生率10.0%(6/60)、下肢静脉血栓发生率5.0%(3/60)、恶心呕吐发生率16.7%(10/60),两组尿潴留、恶心呕吐发生率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。F/I组住院时间为(3.90±0.63)d、住院费用为(9612.67±507.15)元,CESA组分别为(5.27±0.75)d、(11401.52±530.01)元,差异均有统计学意义(t=-8.862、-15.425,均P<0.001)。结论股神经阻滞联合关节腔浸润麻醉在膝关节镜手术中能够减少术后并发症、缩短住院时间、降低住院费用,并提供良好的麻醉效果。

关节腔注射药物与髂筋膜阻滞在全髋关节置换术后镇痛中的应用效果比较

目的比较关节腔注射药物与髂筋膜阻滞在全髋关节置换术后镇痛中的应用效果。方法选取2020年5月至2022年5月本院收治的95例行全髋关节置换术的老年患者作为研究对象,根据镇痛方法不同将其分为对照组(48例)和研究组(47例)。对照组行髂筋膜阻滞镇痛,研究组行关节腔注射药物镇痛。比较两组的镇痛效果。结果术后,两组的皮质醇(Cor)、肾上腺素(E)及去甲肾上腺素(NE)水平均高于术前,但研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后1、12、24、48 h,两组静息状态和运动状态下的视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分均低于术前,且研究组运动状态下的VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05);术前、术后1、12、24、48 h,两组静息状态下的VAS评分无明显差异(P>0.05)。术后4、8、12周,两组的髋关节活动度均高于术前,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组的不良反应总发生率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论关节腔注射药物对全髋关节置换术后老年患者的镇痛效果优于髂筋膜阻滞镇痛。

关节腔内注射配合微波治疗军事训练膝关节创伤性滑膜炎的疗效观察

目的探究关节腔内注射配合微波治疗军事训练膝关节创伤性滑膜炎的疗效。方法选取2020年3月至2022年5月于武警四川总队医院住院治疗的因军事训练致膝关节急性创伤性滑膜炎患者60例,用随机数表法分为对照组(30例)和观察组(30例);对照组关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠配合微波治疗,观察组关节腔内注射富血小板血浆(PRP)配合微波治疗。比较2组短期疗效,采用麦克马特斯大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)评估膝关节功能,疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估疼痛程度,彩超测量膝关节滑膜厚度和腔内积液深度,酶联免疫法检测血清骨保护素(OPG)、软骨寡聚基质蛋白(COMP)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、骨形态发生蛋白4(BMP4)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)。结果观察组和对照组治疗总有效率为96.67%(29/30)、83.33%(25/30),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后观察组WOMAC评分、VAS评分、膝关节滑膜厚度、腔内积液深度、血清COMP、IL-6和TNF-α低于对照组,OPG、TGF-β1和BMP4高于对照组(均P<0.05)。随访6个月,观察组与对照组复发率的比较,差异无统计学意义(0 vs 16.67%,P>0.05)。结论关节腔内注射PRP配合微波治疗可有效提升军事训练膝关节创伤性滑膜炎患者膝关节功能,减轻疼痛,可能与改善骨代谢、促创伤修复及减轻炎症有关。