As one of the most successful intracellular symbiotic bacteria,Wolbachia can infect many arthropods and nematodes.Wolbachia infection usually affects the reproduction of their hosts to promote their own proliferation ...As one of the most successful intracellular symbiotic bacteria,Wolbachia can infect many arthropods and nematodes.Wolbachia infection usually affects the reproduction of their hosts to promote their own proliferation and transmission.Currently,most of the studies focus on the mechanisms of Wolbachia interactions with host reproduction.However,in addition to distribution in the reproductive tissues,Wolbachia also infect various somatic tissues of their hosts,including the brain.This raises the potential that Wolbachia may influence some somatic processes,such as behaviors in their hosts.Sofar,information about the effects of Wolbachia infection on host behavior is still very limited.The present review presents the current literature on different aspects of the influence of Wolbachia on various behaviors,including sleep,learning and memory,mating,feeding and aggression in their insect hosts.We then highlight ongoing scientific efforts in the field that need addressing to advance this field,which can have significant implications for further developing Wolbachia as environmentally friendly biocontrol agents to control insect-borne diseases and agricultural pests.展开更多
在北京的白皮松Pinus bungeana、桧柏Juniperus chinensis和龙柏J.chinensis‘Kaizuca’上发现了一种椿象,刺吸寄主植物针叶或嫩枝。这是一种北京新记录的外来有害生物,为原产于北美洲的西部喙缘蝽Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann,...在北京的白皮松Pinus bungeana、桧柏Juniperus chinensis和龙柏J.chinensis‘Kaizuca’上发现了一种椿象,刺吸寄主植物针叶或嫩枝。这是一种北京新记录的外来有害生物,为原产于北美洲的西部喙缘蝽Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann,1910。本文记述了西部喙缘蝽的形态特征、寄主植物、发生与为害情况。展开更多
昆虫是世界上种类最为丰富、分布最为广泛的动物类群,其肠道内栖息着复杂且多样的微生物。不同昆虫因肠道结构、肠道内环境、食性、龄期、外界环境不同,肠道内微生物组成与丰度也存在差异。肠道微生物主要通过垂直方向与水平方向在种群...昆虫是世界上种类最为丰富、分布最为广泛的动物类群,其肠道内栖息着复杂且多样的微生物。不同昆虫因肠道结构、肠道内环境、食性、龄期、外界环境不同,肠道内微生物组成与丰度也存在差异。肠道微生物主要通过垂直方向与水平方向在种群与个体间传播,对昆虫宿主营养代谢、生理行为、防御、解毒等诸多方面有重要影响;通过体外培养的方法可从培养基对昆虫肠道微生物进行分离,用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF MS)及16S rRNA基因测序技术等可迅速鉴定微生物;宏基因组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学等多种组学技术联合运用,使得肠道微生物鉴定与功能推测更为高效;体外试验、微生物补充、菌群移植、沉默微生物成员相关基因等试验方法使微生物功能验证更为准确;利用高温处理、溶菌酶处理、无菌饲养处理及抗生素处理等方式能清除肠道内的微生物群落,获得无菌昆虫用于功能验证试验,但当前使用最广的抗生素法在实际应用中仍存在一定局限;利用肠道微生物特性,通过共生菌基因工程防治有害生物与虫媒传染病。目前,昆虫肠道微生物在生态、经济、能源、环保等领域发挥着重要作用,随着新兴技术的发展融合,更多昆虫-微生物互作机制将会被揭示,通过昆虫肠道微生物控制有害生物控制手段也将更为多样、环保和高效。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672352)the International Cooperation Projects of Science and Technology of Hubei Province,China(2017AHB050).
文摘As one of the most successful intracellular symbiotic bacteria,Wolbachia can infect many arthropods and nematodes.Wolbachia infection usually affects the reproduction of their hosts to promote their own proliferation and transmission.Currently,most of the studies focus on the mechanisms of Wolbachia interactions with host reproduction.However,in addition to distribution in the reproductive tissues,Wolbachia also infect various somatic tissues of their hosts,including the brain.This raises the potential that Wolbachia may influence some somatic processes,such as behaviors in their hosts.Sofar,information about the effects of Wolbachia infection on host behavior is still very limited.The present review presents the current literature on different aspects of the influence of Wolbachia on various behaviors,including sleep,learning and memory,mating,feeding and aggression in their insect hosts.We then highlight ongoing scientific efforts in the field that need addressing to advance this field,which can have significant implications for further developing Wolbachia as environmentally friendly biocontrol agents to control insect-borne diseases and agricultural pests.
文摘在北京的白皮松Pinus bungeana、桧柏Juniperus chinensis和龙柏J.chinensis‘Kaizuca’上发现了一种椿象,刺吸寄主植物针叶或嫩枝。这是一种北京新记录的外来有害生物,为原产于北美洲的西部喙缘蝽Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann,1910。本文记述了西部喙缘蝽的形态特征、寄主植物、发生与为害情况。
文摘昆虫是世界上种类最为丰富、分布最为广泛的动物类群,其肠道内栖息着复杂且多样的微生物。不同昆虫因肠道结构、肠道内环境、食性、龄期、外界环境不同,肠道内微生物组成与丰度也存在差异。肠道微生物主要通过垂直方向与水平方向在种群与个体间传播,对昆虫宿主营养代谢、生理行为、防御、解毒等诸多方面有重要影响;通过体外培养的方法可从培养基对昆虫肠道微生物进行分离,用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF MS)及16S rRNA基因测序技术等可迅速鉴定微生物;宏基因组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学等多种组学技术联合运用,使得肠道微生物鉴定与功能推测更为高效;体外试验、微生物补充、菌群移植、沉默微生物成员相关基因等试验方法使微生物功能验证更为准确;利用高温处理、溶菌酶处理、无菌饲养处理及抗生素处理等方式能清除肠道内的微生物群落,获得无菌昆虫用于功能验证试验,但当前使用最广的抗生素法在实际应用中仍存在一定局限;利用肠道微生物特性,通过共生菌基因工程防治有害生物与虫媒传染病。目前,昆虫肠道微生物在生态、经济、能源、环保等领域发挥着重要作用,随着新兴技术的发展融合,更多昆虫-微生物互作机制将会被揭示,通过昆虫肠道微生物控制有害生物控制手段也将更为多样、环保和高效。
