BACKGROUND： Thrombolysis therapy is not suitable for the elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke who delayed to be diagnosed for more than 3 hours, but traditional medicine is also not very ideal. OBJECTIVE： To ...BACKGROUND： Thrombolysis therapy is not suitable for the elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke who delayed to be diagnosed for more than 3 hours, but traditional medicine is also not very ideal. OBJECTIVE： To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of modified hemodilution combined therapy applied in elderly patients with acute cerebral thrombosis and analyze the mechanism of this therapeutic method. DESIGN： 1：1 paired grouping according to gender and controlled observation SETTING： Department of Internal Medicine, Chengzhanyuan District, First Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University. PARTICIPANTS： Totally 90 elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke who received the treatment in the Cadre Ward and Mental Ward, Department of Internal Medicine, Chengzhanyuan District, First Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University from March 1996 to June 2004 were recruited. They all met the diagnosis criteria revised by the Fourth Academic Conference of National Cerebrovascular Diseases in 1995 and were diagnosed as acute ischemic stroke by skull CT. They were informed of therapeutic plan and detected items. According to 1：1 paired principle in gender, 90 enrolled patients were assigned into treated group （n=45） and control group （n=45）. There were 39 male and 6 female in the treatment group, and they were aged （76±6）years, ranging from 71 to 84 years, and hospitalized at the 14^th to 76^th hours after onset. There were 39 male and 6 female in the control group, and they were aged （76±6）years , ranging from 70 to 82 years, and hospitalized at the 16^th to 72^th hours after onset. METHODS： Therapeutic method： Patients of treated group received modified hemodilution combined therapy. 200 mL whole blood of patients was exchanged with 500 mL dextran-40 （including 20 mL danshen parenteral solution and 32 mg heparin） at the beginning of therapy; From the 2^nd day, compound huangqi tea bag （Huangqi mainly, including danshen, honghua, chuanxiong, shishao and a little acetyl salicylic acid） was made, twice a day, 1 bag once. At the same time, the above-mentioned dextran-40 liquid of 500 mL was intravenously injected, once a day, 14 days in total; On the 6^th day after therapy, the above-mentioned aseptic autoblood stored in refrigerator at 4℃ was transfused back into the patients following pre-treatment of high-concentration oxygenation and ultraviolet irradiation by light quantum instrument. Patients of control group were intravenously injected of 0.4 g venoruton（Traditional Chinese medicine compound parenteral solution for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis ） and 50 g/L glucose of 500 mL, 75 mg acetosal was taken orally, once a day, 14 days in total. ② Measurement and observation of index： Blood coagulation index, change of platelet aggregation rate and change of hemorrheology of patients in two groups were monitored before and after therapy. The level of blood lipid of patients in two groups was measured with American Beckman automatic biochemistry analyzer. Blood flow rate of middle cerebral artery of resting electrocardiogram were measured with American HP SONOS 2500 sonoscope. Neuro-dysfunction score revised in the national conference （1995） was used to evaluate the recovery of neurological function of the patients in two groups at the 3rd, 5^th, 7^th and 14^th days after therapy. ③Therapeutic effect and adverse effect were observed at the same time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ： ① Changes of coagulation index, blood lipid level and hemorheology; ② Blood flow rate of middle cerebral artery and NDS of patients with acute ischemic stroke in two groups; ③Adverse effect of drug. RESULTS： Totally 90 patients were enrolled in the experiment. One patient from treated group died of hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma of complicated diabetes mellitus. One patient from control group died of severe pulmonary infection. The rest 88 patients entered the stage of result analysis. ① Change of coagulation index and platelet aggregation rate： prothrombin time （PT）, activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT） and thrombin time （TT） of patients after therapy were significantly longer than those before therapy in the treated group and those after therapy in control group [After therapy in treated group： （18.4±1.9）, （41.8±2.1）, （19.7±1.7） s, Before therapy in treated group： （13.4±1.3）, （35.8±1.3）, （12.5±0.9） s, After therapy in control group： （16.9±1.5）, （39.1±1.1）, （11.9±2.1） s, P〈 0.05]：Concentration of fibrinogen （Fbg） after therapy was significantly lower than that before therapy in the treated group and that after therapy in control group[After therapy in treated group： （3.4±0.4） g/L; Before therapy in treated group： （4.3±0.7） g/L; After therapy in control group：（4.0±0.6） g/L; P 〈 0.05]. Platelet aggregation rate decreased from （37.92 ±0.85）% before therapy to （26.42±1.01）% after therapy （P 〈 0.01）. ②Change of blood lipid level： Levels of total cholesterol （TC）, triacylglycerol（TG） and low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） of patients after therapy were significantly lower than those before therapy in treated group and those after therapy in control group [After therapy in treated group： （5.2±0.9）, （1.9±0.9）, （2.08±1.1） mmol/L, before therapy in treated group： （5.9±1.2）, （2.8±0.9）, （3.94±0.5） mmol/L, After therapy in control group： （6.0±1.1）, （2.6±0.8）, （3.84±0.9） mmol/L, P 〈 0.05]. ③Change of hemorheology index： Hematocrit of patients of treated group was significantly lower after therapy than before therapy [Before therapy： （43.84±4.55）% ;After therapy： （40.48±4.02）%;P 〈 0.05]. Blood flow rate of middle cerebral artery of patients of treated group was significantly lower before therapy than after therapy [（90±1.2）, （97±2.1） cm/s,P〈 0.01]. ⑤NDS of patients in treated group was significantly lower than of control group 14 days after therapy. The total effective rate after therapy was significantly higher in the treated group than in the control group （93%,78%, P 〈 0.05）. ⑥There was no obvious adverse effect. CONCLUSION： Modified hemodilution combined therapy can improve hemorheology, decrease hematocrit, increase blood flow rate of middle cerebral artery, so as to improve the impaired clinical neurological function of elderly patients with acute cerebral thrombosis through anticoagulation and antiplatelet aggregative activity as well as regulating blood lipid.展开更多
Post-procedural strokes have been observed in 0.5-2.7% of patients after carotid endarterectomy （CEA）. They are frequently due to carotid embolism or thrombosis of the operated artery. lntracerebral haemorrhages and...Post-procedural strokes have been observed in 0.5-2.7% of patients after carotid endarterectomy （CEA）. They are frequently due to carotid embolism or thrombosis of the operated artery. lntracerebral haemorrhages and technical difficulties are less common underlying factors.展开更多
目的分析高龄与中低龄老年轻型缺血性脑卒中的临床特点和预后情况。方法选择2016年1月-2019年6月在北京市东城区第一人民医院神经内科住院的老年轻型急性缺血性脑卒中患者247例,美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Healt...目的分析高龄与中低龄老年轻型缺血性脑卒中的临床特点和预后情况。方法选择2016年1月-2019年6月在北京市东城区第一人民医院神经内科住院的老年轻型急性缺血性脑卒中患者247例,美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分≤3分,根据年龄分为高龄(≥80岁)老年组113例和中低龄(60~79岁)老年组134例。对比分析2组患者的一般资料、实验室检查结果、牛津郡社区卒中计划(Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project,OCSP)分型、病因分型、危险因素及预后情况。结果高龄老年组患者入院时NIHSS评分、合并糖尿病、既往卒中史、房颤史、卒中后肺炎比例均高于中低龄老年组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者在性别、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、合并高血压、高血脂、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(以下简称冠心病)、瓣膜性心脏病、抗血小板、抗凝、神经功能进展、实验室检查结果、OCSP分型、病因等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响两组患者预后的相关因素显示,入院时NIHSS评分、合并糖尿病、既往卒中史、房颤史、卒中后肺炎均是高龄老年患者与中低年龄老年患者3个月预后不良的影响因素(P<0.05);高龄老年组患者预后不良率及病死率均高于中低年龄老年组患者(P<0.05)。结论高龄轻型缺血性卒中患者入院时NIHSS评分、合并糖尿病、既往卒中史、房颤史、卒中后肺炎比例较高,为老年轻型缺血性脑卒中预后的危险因素,此类患者临床预后更差。展开更多
基金the Grant from Science and Technology Development Foundation of Railway Bureau of Shanghai, No. 3402052304/A
文摘BACKGROUND： Thrombolysis therapy is not suitable for the elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke who delayed to be diagnosed for more than 3 hours, but traditional medicine is also not very ideal. OBJECTIVE： To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of modified hemodilution combined therapy applied in elderly patients with acute cerebral thrombosis and analyze the mechanism of this therapeutic method. DESIGN： 1：1 paired grouping according to gender and controlled observation SETTING： Department of Internal Medicine, Chengzhanyuan District, First Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University. PARTICIPANTS： Totally 90 elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke who received the treatment in the Cadre Ward and Mental Ward, Department of Internal Medicine, Chengzhanyuan District, First Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University from March 1996 to June 2004 were recruited. They all met the diagnosis criteria revised by the Fourth Academic Conference of National Cerebrovascular Diseases in 1995 and were diagnosed as acute ischemic stroke by skull CT. They were informed of therapeutic plan and detected items. According to 1：1 paired principle in gender, 90 enrolled patients were assigned into treated group （n=45） and control group （n=45）. There were 39 male and 6 female in the treatment group, and they were aged （76±6）years, ranging from 71 to 84 years, and hospitalized at the 14^th to 76^th hours after onset. There were 39 male and 6 female in the control group, and they were aged （76±6）years , ranging from 70 to 82 years, and hospitalized at the 16^th to 72^th hours after onset. METHODS： Therapeutic method： Patients of treated group received modified hemodilution combined therapy. 200 mL whole blood of patients was exchanged with 500 mL dextran-40 （including 20 mL danshen parenteral solution and 32 mg heparin） at the beginning of therapy; From the 2^nd day, compound huangqi tea bag （Huangqi mainly, including danshen, honghua, chuanxiong, shishao and a little acetyl salicylic acid） was made, twice a day, 1 bag once. At the same time, the above-mentioned dextran-40 liquid of 500 mL was intravenously injected, once a day, 14 days in total; On the 6^th day after therapy, the above-mentioned aseptic autoblood stored in refrigerator at 4℃ was transfused back into the patients following pre-treatment of high-concentration oxygenation and ultraviolet irradiation by light quantum instrument. Patients of control group were intravenously injected of 0.4 g venoruton（Traditional Chinese medicine compound parenteral solution for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis ） and 50 g/L glucose of 500 mL, 75 mg acetosal was taken orally, once a day, 14 days in total. ② Measurement and observation of index： Blood coagulation index, change of platelet aggregation rate and change of hemorrheology of patients in two groups were monitored before and after therapy. The level of blood lipid of patients in two groups was measured with American Beckman automatic biochemistry analyzer. Blood flow rate of middle cerebral artery of resting electrocardiogram were measured with American HP SONOS 2500 sonoscope. Neuro-dysfunction score revised in the national conference （1995） was used to evaluate the recovery of neurological function of the patients in two groups at the 3rd, 5^th, 7^th and 14^th days after therapy. ③Therapeutic effect and adverse effect were observed at the same time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ： ① Changes of coagulation index, blood lipid level and hemorheology; ② Blood flow rate of middle cerebral artery and NDS of patients with acute ischemic stroke in two groups; ③Adverse effect of drug. RESULTS： Totally 90 patients were enrolled in the experiment. One patient from treated group died of hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma of complicated diabetes mellitus. One patient from control group died of severe pulmonary infection. The rest 88 patients entered the stage of result analysis. ① Change of coagulation index and platelet aggregation rate： prothrombin time （PT）, activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT） and thrombin time （TT） of patients after therapy were significantly longer than those before therapy in the treated group and those after therapy in control group [After therapy in treated group： （18.4±1.9）, （41.8±2.1）, （19.7±1.7） s, Before therapy in treated group： （13.4±1.3）, （35.8±1.3）, （12.5±0.9） s, After therapy in control group： （16.9±1.5）, （39.1±1.1）, （11.9±2.1） s, P〈 0.05]：Concentration of fibrinogen （Fbg） after therapy was significantly lower than that before therapy in the treated group and that after therapy in control group[After therapy in treated group： （3.4±0.4） g/L; Before therapy in treated group： （4.3±0.7） g/L; After therapy in control group：（4.0±0.6） g/L; P 〈 0.05]. Platelet aggregation rate decreased from （37.92 ±0.85）% before therapy to （26.42±1.01）% after therapy （P 〈 0.01）. ②Change of blood lipid level： Levels of total cholesterol （TC）, triacylglycerol（TG） and low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） of patients after therapy were significantly lower than those before therapy in treated group and those after therapy in control group [After therapy in treated group： （5.2±0.9）, （1.9±0.9）, （2.08±1.1） mmol/L, before therapy in treated group： （5.9±1.2）, （2.8±0.9）, （3.94±0.5） mmol/L, After therapy in control group： （6.0±1.1）, （2.6±0.8）, （3.84±0.9） mmol/L, P 〈 0.05]. ③Change of hemorheology index： Hematocrit of patients of treated group was significantly lower after therapy than before therapy [Before therapy： （43.84±4.55）% ;After therapy： （40.48±4.02）%;P 〈 0.05]. Blood flow rate of middle cerebral artery of patients of treated group was significantly lower before therapy than after therapy [（90±1.2）, （97±2.1） cm/s,P〈 0.01]. ⑤NDS of patients in treated group was significantly lower than of control group 14 days after therapy. The total effective rate after therapy was significantly higher in the treated group than in the control group （93%,78%, P 〈 0.05）. ⑥There was no obvious adverse effect. CONCLUSION： Modified hemodilution combined therapy can improve hemorheology, decrease hematocrit, increase blood flow rate of middle cerebral artery, so as to improve the impaired clinical neurological function of elderly patients with acute cerebral thrombosis through anticoagulation and antiplatelet aggregative activity as well as regulating blood lipid.
文摘Post-procedural strokes have been observed in 0.5-2.7% of patients after carotid endarterectomy （CEA）. They are frequently due to carotid embolism or thrombosis of the operated artery. lntracerebral haemorrhages and technical difficulties are less common underlying factors.
文摘目的探讨高龄脑梗死患者接受标准剂量重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（recombinant tissue plasminogen activator,rt-PA）静脉溶栓治疗的疗效和安全性。方法对我院2011年1月～2013年12月连续收治入院的254例急性脑梗死患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,分为老龄溶栓组118例（60〈年龄≤80岁,rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗）;高龄溶栓组62例（年龄〉80岁,rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗）;高龄非溶栓组74例（年龄〉80岁,非rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗）。比较3组入院前的一般情况,溶栓治疗前美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS）评分,溶栓后出血转化率及治疗7 d内致死性出血率,治疗后90 d改良Rankin量表（modifed Rankin Scale,m RS）评分和90 d的病死率。结果老龄溶栓组、高龄溶栓组和高龄非溶栓组治疗前NIHSS评分（13.0±5.3、15.1±6.6、14.1±6.6;P=0.523）无显著差异,3组的急性期事件出血转化率分别为16.9%、20.9%和21.6%,P=0.675;3组7 d内致死性出血的发生率分别为3.3%,9.6%,7.4%,P=0.20。90 d内的病死率分别为11.0%,22.6%,16.2%,P=0.12。老龄溶栓组和高龄溶栓组治疗后90 d的m RS评分0-2比值分别为56.8%和38.7%,两组比值比（odds ratio,OR）为2.08;95%可信区间（confidence interval,CI）为1.11～3.86,P=0.021;两组治疗后90 d m RS评分中位数比较：2 vs 3,P=0.025。高龄溶栓组和高龄非溶栓组90 d的m RS评分0～2比值分别为38.7%和21.6%,OR 1.81,95%CI 0.80～4.06,P=0.098;90 d m RS评分中位数比较：3vs 5,P=0.008。结论与未溶栓的高龄患者相比,急性缺血性卒中老龄和高龄患者接受rt-PA治疗不增加急性期出血转化率和病死率。老龄组比高龄组rt-PA治疗获益大,高龄溶栓组比非溶栓组获益大。高龄组rt-PA治疗可以改善患者90 d生活自理能力且不增加病死率。
文摘目的分析高龄与中低龄老年轻型缺血性脑卒中的临床特点和预后情况。方法选择2016年1月-2019年6月在北京市东城区第一人民医院神经内科住院的老年轻型急性缺血性脑卒中患者247例,美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分≤3分,根据年龄分为高龄(≥80岁)老年组113例和中低龄(60~79岁)老年组134例。对比分析2组患者的一般资料、实验室检查结果、牛津郡社区卒中计划(Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project,OCSP)分型、病因分型、危险因素及预后情况。结果高龄老年组患者入院时NIHSS评分、合并糖尿病、既往卒中史、房颤史、卒中后肺炎比例均高于中低龄老年组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者在性别、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、合并高血压、高血脂、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(以下简称冠心病)、瓣膜性心脏病、抗血小板、抗凝、神经功能进展、实验室检查结果、OCSP分型、病因等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响两组患者预后的相关因素显示,入院时NIHSS评分、合并糖尿病、既往卒中史、房颤史、卒中后肺炎均是高龄老年患者与中低年龄老年患者3个月预后不良的影响因素(P<0.05);高龄老年组患者预后不良率及病死率均高于中低年龄老年组患者(P<0.05)。结论高龄轻型缺血性卒中患者入院时NIHSS评分、合并糖尿病、既往卒中史、房颤史、卒中后肺炎比例较高,为老年轻型缺血性脑卒中预后的危险因素,此类患者临床预后更差。
