Exploration of the Evolution of Teacher Roles and Professional Development Needs Among University English Instructors

The role of university English instructors has evolved significantly over the years,encompassing various aspects.This paper explores the evolution of the role of university English instructors and examines the current challenges and opportunities they face in today’s educational landscape.It delves into the multifaceted nature of their responsibilities and discusses the importance of continuous professional development to meet the evolving needs of students and the demands of the profession.

The impacts of faculty caring on nursing students' intent to graduate:A systematic literature review

Objectives:To examine the current studies about the impacts of faculty caring on nursing students'intent to graduate and provide recommendations.The nursing profession continues to face nursing shortages.One of the solutions recognized to alleviate the shortage is increasing the number of students graduating from nursing schools.It lacks a literature review synthesizing the current research about the impacts of faculty caring on nursing students'intent to graduate and indicate areas for future research.Methods:This is a systematic literature review.The search of the literature was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA).Databases searched included MEDUNE via PubMed,CINAHL,PsyclNFO,and ProQuest Search.Search terms included'attrition,''dropouts,''graduation rate,''faculty,''instructor,''professor,''nursing,'and'caring.'Results:Ten articles met the inclusion criteria.The articles were conducted in the Associate Degree of Nursing and the Bachelor of Science in Nursing programs.Nursing faculties played a significant role in students'intent to graduate by building students'confidence,creating a compassionate learning environment,and promoting students'competence.Faculties'caring behaviors,including respecting students,showing empathy,and using caring communication skills,were essential characteristics to affect students'learning environments.Conclusions:The findings indicate that students'perceptions of faculty caring can affect their perceptions of the learning environment and sense of belonging,and therefore,impact their intent to graduate.Students'perceptions of their instructors'caring behaviors are instrumental in motivating them to continue learning.The capacity of faculty caring plays a significant role in students'success.

The Work of Instructors for New Socialist Countryside Construction

To meet the wishes and demands of the majority of farmers,it is necessary to steadily build a new socialist countryside,and actively promote urban-rural integration. With the guidance for new countryside construction as an opportunity,this paper studies and explores the working practice of new countryside construction instructors sent by Longyang Agricultural Technique Extension Station for various village committees( or offices) during 2007- 2013. This paper analyzes and summarizes the results achieved and the main problems,and puts forth the corresponding recommendations. The results of the analysis can provide a reference for the instructors to carry out the guiding work for new countryside construction.

Teaching Reform for Mobile Application Development with Industrial Projects,Double Instructors,and Automatic Assessments

Mobile Application Development is a well-known undergraduate specialized course majoring in Computer Science and Software Engineering.Since it is a rapid developing technique and requires extensive project samples to help understand,current teaching mechanism has still limitations in rare real project examples,outdated course contents,and lack of automatic assessment platforms.In order to improve the teaching effects and cultivate students’practical ability,we employ this teaching reform with industrial projects,double instructors,and automatic assessment platform to allow students participating in every course process.We aim to improve students’practical and collaboration ability during conducting the project spontaneously,and cultivate their awareness of self-learning and lifelong learning.Our classroom feedback has demonstrated that this teaching reform is effective on improving students’practical abilities,learning initiatives and comprehensive qualities.

Mobile Based Learning and Examination: Students and Instructors Perceptions from Different Arab Countries

The online education market is expanding both globally and locally;Arab countries are paying special attention to the growth of this sector. Reports showed that the e-learning market arrived at $27.1 billion in the year 2009 and is expected to surpass $49.6 billion by the year 2014. This paper presents and surveys the perception of students and instructors regarding mobile learning and mobile examination system in some Arab countries. Many universities in the Arab world are under progress in the implementation of this new technology and many have already implemented it. Strong tools are required to improve e-learning system of education. This research supports the transition of education from conventional methods to m-learning and m-exam systems. The purpose of this research is to study the perception of both instructors and students regarding mobile learning and mobile examination systems. The introduction of such systems to the educational process requires people involved to have basic technical skills and to be aware of the benefits of such systems. Results showed different perspectives from three countries;also showed that online examination systems could be very helpful, but many factors should be considered and they should be implemented carefully to guarantee the successful adoption, fairness and reliability.

Development and Evaluation of a Competence-BasedExam for Prospective Driving Instructors

According to changed views on driver training and driverintroduced in the Netherlands. The exam consists of two parts： （l）instructor preparation, a competence-based instructor exam wasmultimedia theory tests; （2） a performance lesson for drivinginstruction and coaching. An implicit idea behind the innovated exam is that it can have a positive backwash effect on the quality ofdriver instructor preparation programs. This study aims to evaluate the reliability, validity and fairness of the theoretical tests, whichappear in different versions for successive groups of PDIs （prospective driving instructors）. Data of 4,741 PDIs, enrolled during theperiod between January 2010 and October 2012, were used for analysis. The results of psychometric analyses show that the theory testsyielded reliable and fair decisions about instructor certification. The predictive validity of the theory tests for the final performanceassessment was low. Implications for the design and on-the-fly maintenance of exam item banks are discussed. Follow-up studies willfocus on the question, whether the improved instructor exam produces safer drivers in the end.

Higher Diploma Program in Eitiopian Higher Education:Instructors'Perception and Perceived Practices in Jimma University and Jimma College of Teachers Education

The study investigates the perception and perceived practices of Higher Diploma program(HDP)in the Jimma University and|imma College of teachers'education using a cross-sectional survey design comprised of questionnaire and interviews.The data were collected from 91 instructors,and 3 higher diploma leaders(HDLs)who were selected through lottery sampling and 2 higher diploma coordinators(HDCs)who were selected using availability sampling methods.The finding revealed the importance:of the HDP(M=4.3,SD=0.91)though the perception of the HEI instructors.differ before coming,and after coming to the HDP.Though the study indicated as the trained instructors are applying the knowledge and skill,which they have acquired from the HDP training,the HEIs are not following the actual practices of the training.The study found out that the HE instructors'perception had a significant correlation with the practices of HDP(r=694,p=0.00<0.01)having a moderate effect size(8-0.48).The findings call for the proper implementation of the HDP for the betterment of the program and to achieve the intentions of the HDP.

Research on the Abilities of Community Education Study Tour Instructors

Community education study tour instructors are important action elements of community education tours.It is necessary to sort out the abilities of community education study tour instructors as well as construct a scientific and reasonable professional ability index system for community education study tour instructors,so as to promote the high-quality development of community education as well as the modernization of lifelong education governance system and governance ability.Based on the practice of community education in Jiangsu and the basic theory of pedagogy,this paper puts forward five core vocational abilities of community education,including travel education and teaching ability,curriculum development ability,management and research ability,training and guidance ability,as well as study tour guarantee ability.This paper attempts to sort out the ability of community education study tour instructors through research and analysis.A three-dimensional and multi-dimensional framework of community education instructors’ability has been constructed to provide a path for the professional development of community education study tour instructors.

Getting the Most Out of Every Training Day:The Influence of Instructors on Self-Regulated Learning During Firefighter Leadership Courses

Leadership courses in the fire services are highly challenging,and they can seriously exhaust trainees and hamper their selfregulated learning efforts(for example,setting goals,focusing attention,seeking feedback).We theorize that experiences of failure or overload can curtail trainees'available energy resources on subsequent training days,which,in turn,should affect trainees'learning efforts.Given instructors'central role in leadership courses,we hypothesize that supportive and humble instructor behaviors decrease experiences of failure and overload and,thus,increase self-regulated learning.Moreover,we argue that supportive instructor behavior may amplify the positive effects of high energy resources,while humble behavior may alleviate the negative impact of low resource levels.We tested preregistered hypotheses with 118 firefighters participating in two-week leadership courses at a German fire academy.The participants completed short web-based questionnaires before and after classes each day.Multilevel analyses confirmed that perceived daily supportive and humble instructor behavior predicted trainees'reports of daily self-regulated learning activity.Notably,this effect was independent from positive effects of trainees'reported energy resources in the morning.Supportive and humble behavior did not moderate the eff ect of energy resources.Our findings suggest that instructors play a crucial role in facilitating effective learning under challenging training conditions.Furthermore,we offer implications for leaders in fire services,who often conduct trainings with their subordinates.

On the Instructor Role in Online Education

Under the background of the globalization and the possibility of Internet-based virtual reality, online education gradually becomes a trend of today's teaching method. As one aspect of computer assisted language learning, online education in China has drawn the attention of educators, experts, teachers, and learners. However, the studies in the role of instructors in online education in China are still limited. So, this paper will try to research and rethink the instructor role in online education, aiming to recommend some applicable measures to improve the current situation of online education.

Understand the Particularity of Graduates and Do a Good Job in Higher Vocational Employment Service

At present,higher vocational college graduates are facing the serious situation of high competitiveness and difficult employment.How to strengthen higher vocational employment is the key issue in the development of higher vocational education.This paper discusses the particularity of higher vocational graduates and the work content of graduation counselors,so as to do a good job in higher vocational employment service.

The Presence of an Exercise Instructor or Group Members Affects Physical Self-Concept and Physical Self-Esteem: An Experimental Study in the Elderly

Background: Physical self-concept and physical self-esteem are important sources of general self-esteem and overall health. Evidence indicates that exercise leads to an enhancement in physical self-concept and physical self-esteem. Until now however, it remained unclear whether the beneficial effects of exercise were impacted by different types of exercise environments. Thus, the purpose of this study was to experimentally investigate, whether the presence or absence of an instructor or other group members influenced elder adults’ physical self-concept and esteem. Method: Participants were 46 women and 20 men (Mean age 65.4, SD = 4.36) who were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups differing across two factors—group versus no-group and instructor versus no-instructor. Participants took part in an 8-week-walking program with a comparable number of training sessions across the four experimental groups. Physical self-concept and physical self-esteem were assessed both pre and post exercise intervention. Results: Descriptively, the highest improvement in physical self-concept and esteem were observed in the instructor/no-group and the no-instructor/group condition. Between these two conditions, no significant difference of change was observed. Moreover, no improvement was observed when both instructor and group were present. Conclusion: Effects of either instructor presence or group presence may be explained by mechanisms of social integration and social support. An unexpected absence of effects on self-concept and esteem under the instructor/group condition are explained with reference to an individual’s cognitive dissonance caused by the need to adapt to different exercise oriented goals or attitudes of the instructor and the group members which might hinder the positive development of the self.

Insights Into Pedagogical Aspects of E-Learning

The author＇s intention is to study pedagogical aspects of e-learning on a larger scale--to look at them on the world scale, through the articles published in the proceedings of the conferences which take place regularly in different countries of the world, and to look at not only the instructors＇ attitude but also the business people＇s point of view toward such a form of study as e-learning is, and to illuminate the necessity of the instructors＇ encouragement in Latvia and other countries as well to use e-learning as a new approach to the study process or only as a new form of study. The author also tries to draw Latvian instructors＇ attention to the form of foreign educators＇ publications on the topic in a modest and inconspicuous way in order to encourage discussion.

Integrated Testing Environment of Instructor Station for SMART Simulator

SMART is the reactor that has been researched for many years by KAERI in order to provide the small-mid scale of power for typically seawater desalination. Now Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has issued Standard Safety Analysis Report (SSAR) and acquired Standard Design Approval (SDA) for SMART. In order to conduct the design verification and validation for license, the integrated simulation test environment that is composed of 1) the system specific simulation codes formerly developed in the name of Nuclear Plant Analyzer (NPA) including NSSS and BOP simulation, 2) Instructor Station (IS), 3) Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), 4) operator and instructor Human Machine Interface (HMI), and 5) soft-controller has been considered as an important area for operator training and system validation. These sub-components has been designed and implemented for verifying and validating the SMART design and training of operators and for generating the backup data for licensing. This paper introduces the structure of integrated simulation test environment for SMART, explains the efforts to assist system-specific simulation code interface, and also addresses the effort for implementing and optimizing the test environment by maintaining its own simulation functionality and performance in order to review the simulation results efficiently.

Dawa Zhuoma: Tibet's First Woman Horsemanship Instructor

A warm spring sun shines on a spacious horserace ground in Tibet. At ten o’clock in the morning, horsemanship training formally starts. A woman, more than 30 years old, rides a horse at galloping in front of a group of riders. She stands up or bends flat on the horseback, shouting instructions amid the sound of hoofs. She is Dawa Zhuoma, the first woman horsemanship instructor in Tibet

An Overview of the Development of Research on Public Speaking Course from 2004 to 2013

This research explores the studies published in English from 2004 to 2013 on the Public Speaking （PS） course to provide a preliminary framework of the research paradigm and identify its major themes and sub-themes in this field. A maiority of the studies were from the communication literature, with the remaining studies coming from the disciplines of linguistics, education and psychology, which indicates research on PS is multidisciplinary. In the literature, the years 2004 and 2005 saw a peak of studies from native-speaking countries while the years 2011 and 2012 began to see an increase of the research from non-native speaking countries. Nearly half of the studies fell into the non-empirical category. With the method of content analysis and based on the research agenda in the public speaking proposed by Lucas （2011）, seven themes were identified, including public speaking anxiety, goals of the public speaking course and pedagogical strategies, pedagogical content, course assessment, technology and integrative methods as pedagogy, PS textbooks, and adaptation of the course to non-native speakers. It is hoped that the findings here can contribute to refining research on PS course in China and providing insights for Chinese practitioners.