Insulin-like growth factor binding protein related protein 1 knockdown attenuates hepatic ?brosis via the regulation of MMPs/TIMPs in mice

Background: Previous research suggested that insulin-like growth factor binding protein related protein 1(IGFBPrP1), as a novel mediator, contributes to hepatic fibrogenesis. Matrix metalloproteinases(MMP) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases(TIMP) play an essential role in hepatic fibrogenesis by regulating homeostasis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix(ECM). However, the interaction between IGFBPrP1 and MMP/TIMP is not clear. The present study was to knockdown IGFBPrP1 to investigate the correlation between IGFBPrP1 and MMP/TIMP in hepatic fibrosis. Methods: Hepatic fibrosis was induced by thioacetamide(TAA) in mice. Knockdown of IGFBPrP1 expression by ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction-mediated CMB-shRNA-IGFBPrP1 delivery, or inhibition of the Hedgehog(Hh) pathway by cyclopamine treatment, was performed in TAA-induced liver fibrosis mice. Hepatic fibrosis was determined by hematoxylin and eosin and Sirius red staining. Hepatic expression of IGFBPrP1, α-smooth muscle actin( α-SMA), transforming growth factor β 1(TGF β1), collagen I, MMPs/TIMPs, Sonic Hedgehog(Shh), and glioblastoma family transcription factors(Gli1) were investigated by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting analysis. Results: We found that hepatic expression of IGFBPrP1, TGF β1, α-SMA, and collagen I were increased longitudinally in mice with TAA-induced hepatic fibrosis, concomitant with MMP2/TIMP2 and MMP9/TIMP1 imbalance and Hh pathway activation. Knockdown of IGFBPrP1 expression, or inhibition of the Hh pathway, reduced the hepatic expression of IGFBPrP1, TGF β1, α-SMA, and collagen I and re-established MMP2/TIMP2 and MMP9/TIMP1 balance. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that IGFBPrP1 knockdown attenuates liver fibrosis by re-establishing MMP2/TIMP2 and MMP9/TIMP1 balance, concomitant with the inhibition of hepatic stellate cell activation, down-regulation of TGF β1 expression, and degradation of the ECM. Furthermore, the Hh pathway mediates IGFBPrP1 knockdown-induced attenuation of hepatic fibrosis through the regulation of MMPs/TIMPs balance.

Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 promotes cell proliferation via activation of AKT and is directly targeted by microRNA-494 in pancreatic cancer

BACKGROUND Studies have shown that insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1(IGF2BP1)plays critical roles in the genesis and development of human cancers.AIM To investigate the clinical significance and role of IGF2BP1 in pancreatic cancer.METHODS Expression levels of IGF2BP1 and microRNA-494(miR-494)were mined based on Gene Expression Omnibus datasets and validated in both clinical samples and cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.The relationship between IGF2BP1 expression and clinicopathological factors of pancreatic cancer patients was analyzed.The effect and mechanism of IGF2BP1 on pancreatic cancer cell proliferation were investigated in vitro and in vivo.Analyses were performed to explore underlying mechanisms of IGF2BP1 upregulation in pancreatic cancer and assays were carried out to verify the posttranscriptional regulation of IGF2BP1 by miR-494.RESULTS We found that IGF2BP1 was upregulated and associated with a poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients.We showed that downregulation of IGF2BP1 inhibited pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo via the AKT signaling pathway.Mechanistically,we showed that the frequent upregulation of IGF2BP1 was attributed to the downregulation of miR-494 expression in pancreatic cancer.Furthermore,we discovered that reexpression of miR-494 could partially abrogate the oncogenic role of IGF2BP1.CONCLUSION Our results revealed that upregulated IGF2BP1 promotes the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells via the AKT signaling pathway and confirmed that the activation of IGF2BP1 is partly due to the silencing of miR-494.

Interaction between insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 and transforming growth factor beta 1 in primary hepatic stellate cells

BACKGROUND: We previously showed that insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 (IGFBPrP1) is a novel mediator in liver fibrosis. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) is known as the strongest effector of liver fibrosis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the detailed interaction between IGFBPrP1 and TGF beta 1 in primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). METHODS: We overexpressed TGF beta 1 or IGFBPrP1 and inhibited TGF beta 1 expression in primary HSCs for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours to investigate their interaction and observe the accompanying expressions of a-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), collagen I, fibronectin, and phosphorylated-mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 (p-Smad2/3). RESULTS: We found that the adenovirus vector encoding the TGF beta 1 gene (AdTGF beta 1) induced IGFBPrP1 expression while that of alpha-SMA, collagen I, fibronectin, and TGF beta 1 increased gradually. Concomitantly, AdIGFBPrP1 upregulated TGF beta 1, alpha-SMA, collagen I, fibronectin, and p-Smad2/3 in a time-dependent manner while IGFBPrP1 expression was decreased at 96 hours. Inhibition of TGF beta 1 expression reduced the IGFBPrP1-stimulated expression of alpha-SMA, collagen I, fibronectin, and p-Smad2/3. CONCLUSIONS: These findings for the first time suggest the existence of a possible mutually regulation between IGFBPrP1 and TGF beta 1, which likely accelerates liver fibrosis progression. Furthermore, IGFBPrP1 likely participates in liver fibrosis in a TGF beta 1-depedent manner, and may act as an upstream regulatory factor of TGF beta 1 in the Smad pathway.

Significance of highly phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 and cervical length for prediction of preterm delivery in twin pregnancies

BACKGROUND A twin pregnancy can carry greater risks than singleton pregnancies.About 60 in 100 twin pregnancies result in spontaneous birth before 37 wk,which is associated with several complications in the premature babies.Clinical detection of biomarkers may help to predict the possibility of premature birth so that corresponding interventions can be given to the pregnant women in a timely manner,in order to reduce the risk of preterm birth and improve the outcomes of the newborn infants.AIM To explore the clinical value of transvaginal ultrasound measurement of cervical length combined with insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1(IGFBP-1)hyperphosphorylation in cervical secretions as predictors of preterm delivery in twin pregnancies.METHODS A total of 254 pregnant women with twin pregnancies,who were admitted to Hainan General Hospital and underwent maternity examination,were selected as the study subjects from January 2015 to December 2018.All participants received transvaginal ultrasound measurement of cervical length and phosphorylated IGFBP-1(phIGFBP-1)test between 24 and 34 wk gestation.The pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.RESULTS Of the women with a positive phIGFBP-1 test result,preterm birth rate was higher in those with a cervical length≤25 mm than those with a cervical length>25 mm(all P<0.05).Similarly,in women with a negative phIGFBP-1 test result,preterm birth rate was higher in those with a cervical length≤25 mm than those with a cervical length>25 mm(all P<0.05).The sensitivity,specificity,and positive and negative predictive values of the phIGFBP-1 test combined with the cervical length test were 95.71%,91.21%,95.12%and 92.22%,respectively,for the prediction of preterm birth.CONCLUSION Cervical length combined with phIGFBP-1 tests is of value for the prediction of outcomes of preterm delivery in twin pregnancies.

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 inhibits IGF-1-induced proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

OBJECTIVE Basic fibroblast growth factor(b FGF)and platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF)produced by hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells are responsible for the cell growth.Accumulating evidence shows that insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3(IGFBP-3)suppresses HCC cell proliferation in both IGF-dependent and independent manners.The present study is to investigate whether treatment with exogenous IGFBP-3 inhibits bF GF and PDGF production and the cell proliferation of HCC cells.METHODS Cell Counting Kit 8 assay were designed to detect HCC cell proliferation,transcription factor early growth response-1(EGR1)involving in IGFBP-3 regulation of b FGF and PDGF were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot assays.Western blot assay was adopted to detect the IGFBP-3 regulating insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor(IGF-1R)signaling pathway.RESULTS The present study demonstrates that IGFBP-3 suppressed IGF-1-induced b FGF and PDGF expression while it does not affect their expression in the absence of IGF-1.To delineate the underlying mechanism,Western-blot and RT-PCR assays confirmed that the transcription factor early growth response protein 1(EGR1)is involved in IGFBP-3 regulation of b FGF and PDGF.IGFBP-3 inhibition of type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor(IGF1R),ERK and AKT activation is IGF-1-dependent.Furthermore,transient transfection with constitutively activated AKT or MEK partially blocks the IGFBP-3 inhibition of EGR1,b FGF and PDGF expression.CONCLUSION In conclusion,these findings suggest that IGFBP-3suppresses transcription of EGR1 and its target genes b FGF and PDGF through inhibiting IGF-1-dependent ERK and AKT activation.It demonstrates the importance of IGFBP-3 in the regulation of HCC cell proliferation,suggesting that IGFBP-3 could be a target for the treatment of HCC.

Preparatory training attenuates drastic response of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 at the point of maximal oxygen consumption in handball players

Background:Intensive exercise changes physiological need for glucose and several biochemical pathways responsible for its metabolism response.Among them are those which involve insulin,insulin-like growth factor(IGF-1),and IGF-binding proteins(IGFBPs).Different types and degrees of exercise,as well as an athlete's fitness,may induce a range of responses regarding concentrations and time needed for the alteration.The idea of the work was to find out whether and how insulin/IGF axis responds to additional physical activity in the already trained subjects and if so,is the adaptation potentially beneficial from the aspect of metabolic control.Methods:The effect of 4-week intensive training on campus(preparatory training) on the levels of insulin,IGF-1,and IGFBPs during maximal progressive exercise test(MPET) on a treadmill was compared to the results obtained during MPET conducted after a regular training season of a female elite handball team(n = 17,age:17 ± 1 years,height:171 ± 8 cm,weight:65 ± 8 kg,body mass index:22 ± 1 kg/m^2 at the beginning of the study;there were no significant changes at the end).Serum samples were obtained from players immediately before the test(basal),at the end of the test after reaching the point of maximal oxygen consumption(VO_(2max)),and after recovery.Results:The concentration of insulin decreased at VO_(2max),but remained higher in players after preparatory training(12.2 ± 2.5 m U/L vs.8.9 ± 4.4 m U/L,p = 0.049).The level of IGFBP-1 decreased in players at VO_(2max) in either case of training,but it remained much higher in tests performed after the preparatory regime than before(p = 0.029).Concentrations of IGF-1,IGFBP-2,-3,and-4 did not change significantly.Conclusion:The inverse relation between insulin and IGFBP-1 was lost during MPET,as these 2 molecules changed in the same direction.The results obtained suggest less severe stress-induced depression of insulin and IGFBP-1 after preparatory training.But another metabolic mechanism cannot be excluded,and that is potentially impaired insulin sensitivity resulting in higher level of IGFBP-1.

Circulating insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 as prognostic biomarker in liver cirrhosis

AIM: To investigate the prognostic significance of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3(IGFBP-3) in patients with cirrhosis.METHODS: Prospective study that included two cohorts: outpatients with stable cirrhosis(n = 138) and patients hospitalized for acute decompensation(n = 189). Development of complications, mortality or liver transplantation was assessed by periodical phone calls and during outpatient visits. The cohort of stable cirrhosis also underwent clinical and laboratory evaluation yearly(2013 and 2014) in predefined study visits. In patients with stable cirrhosis, IGFBP-3 levels were measured at baseline(2012) and at second re-evaluation(2014). In hospitalized subjects, IGFBP-3 levels were measured in serum samples collected in the first and in the third day after admission and stored at-80 ℃. IGFBP-3 levels were measured by immunochemiluminescence.RESULTS: IGFBP-3 levels were lower in hospitalized patients as compared to outpatients(0.94 mcg/mL vs 1.69 mcg/m L, P < 0.001) and increased after liver transplantation(3.81 mcg/m L vs 1.33 mcg/mL, P = 0.008). During the follow-up of the stable cohort, 17 patients died and 11 received liver transplantation. Bivariate analysis showed that death or transplant was associated with lower IGFBP-3 levels(1.44 mcg/mL vs 1.74 mcg/m L, P = 0.027). The Kaplan-Meier transplant-free survival probability was 88.6% in patients with IGFBP-3 ≥ 1.67 mcg/mL and 72.1% for those with IGFBP3 < 1.67 mcg/mL(P = 0.015). In the hospitalized cohort, 30-d mortality was 24.3% and was independently associated with creatinine, INR, SpO_2/FiO_2 ratio and IGFBP-3 levels in the logistic regression. The 90-d transplant-free survival probability was 80.4% in patients with IGFBP-3 ≥ 0.86 mcg/mL and 56.1% for those with IGFBP3 < 0.86 mcg/mL(P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Lower IGFBP-3 levels were associated with worse outcomes in patients with cirrhosis, and might represent a promising prognostic tool that can be incorporated in clinical practice.

Effects of transfected adenovirus-mediated transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 on hippocampal-derived neural stem cell proliferation and apoptosis under hypoxia

BACKGROUND： Neural stem cell （NSC） survival is closely associated with cell apoptosis in ischemic-hypoxic regions following transplantation. Numerous studies have revealed that X-box binding protein 1 （XBP1） is a transcription factor during endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response and is essential for cell survival, differentiation, and anti-apoptotic effects. OBJECTIVE： To determine the effects of the XBP1 gene on NSC proliferation and apoptosis under hypoxic conditions following XBP1 gene transfection into rat embryonic hippocampal NSCs using recombinant adenovirus vector. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： In vitro experiments were performed at the Laboratory of Cell Biology of Jilin University and Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Neurology, Jilin University China from September 2008 to November 2009. MATERIALS： Recombinant adenovirus package XBP1 gene and Ad-XBPl-enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmid （Guangzhou Easywin BioMed Technology, China）, rabbit anti-XBP1 and its target gene estrogen receptor degradation-enhancing a-mannosidase-like protein （EDEM） glucose-regulated protein 78 （GRP78）, anti-apoptotic molecule Bcl-2 and proapoptotic molecule Bax polyclonal antibody （Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Santa Cruz, CA, USA）, and COCI2 （Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA） were used in the present study. METHODS： Hippocampi from embryonic, Sprague Dawley rats on gestational day 16 were harvested for NSC isolation and cloning, followed by immunofluorescence for Nestin and sub-culturing. The recombinant adenovirus Ad-XBPl-enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmid was transfected into rat embryonic hippocampal NSCs, and then CoCl2 was applied to induce hypoxia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Cell quantification and 3-（4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay were utilized to detect proliferation in XBPl-transfected NSCs for 7 consecutive days. Western blot assay was utilized to quantify XBP1 GRP78, EDEM, Bcl-2, and Bax expression. Flow cytometry was used to measure apoptosis. RESULTS： NSC proliferation was significantly enhanced following XBP1 gene transfection （P 〈 0.05）. Under hypoxic conditions, GRP78, EDEM, and Bcl-2 levels increased, but Bax levels decreased. In addition, NSC apoptosis decreased following transfection （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The XBP1 gene was successfully transfected into rat embryonic hippocampal NSCs using a recombinant adenovirus vector. NSC proliferation following transfection, as well as anti-apoptotic effects under hypoxia, was significantly increased.

Mendelian randomization provides evidence for a causal effect of serum insulin-like growth factor family concentration on risk of atrial fibrillation

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation(AF)is one of the most common persistent arrhythmias among adult cardiovascular diseases.It is important to identify potential risk factors for AF.Members of the insulin-like growth factor(IGF)family exert a variety of effects on various cell types in the context of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases,and previous population-based studies indicate associations between IGF family members and AF.However,the causal effects of IGF family members in AF have not been evaluated.assess genetic relationships between IGF family members and AF.METHODS MR was performed based on genome-wide association study(GWAS)datasets,and concentration levels of 14 IGF family members were retrieved.An initial MR analysis was conducted to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms potentially associated with IGF serum concentrations.A GWAS meta-analysis including 60620 AF cases and 970216 control participants of European ancestry was then conducted to identify AF causal effects.Two-sample MR packages were used to perform MR analysis in R.MR-Egger,weighted median(WM),and inverse va-riance weighted(IVW)methods were used.RESULTS Core Tip:Due to the high prevalence of atrial fibrillation(AF),and adverse outcomes related to it,it is important to identify risk factors associated with development of the condition.Insulin-like growth factor(IGF)family members exert a variety of effects on various cell types in the context of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases,and previous population-based studies indicate associations between IGF family members and AF.However,the causal effects of IGF family members in AF have not been evaluated.The results of the current study provide novel insights on the pathogenesis of AF,and implic-ations of serum IGF family member concentrations when assessing the risk of AF.The study generated evidence on the potential roles of developmental pathological effects in the pathogenesis of AF.Further observational and experimental studies are critically needed.

Tribulus terrestris extracts alleviate muscle damage and promote anaerobic performance of trained male boxers and its mechanisms： Roles of androgen, IGF-1, and IGF binding protein-3

Purpose: To investigate the effects of Tribulus terrestris(TT) extracts on muscle mass, muscle damage, and anaerobic performances of trained male boxers and its mechanisms: roles of plasma androgen, insulin growth factor 1(IGF-1), and IGF-1 binding protein-3(IGFBP-3).Methods: Fifteen male boxers were divided into exercise group(E, n = 7) and exercise plus TT group(E + TT, n = 8). The 2 groups both undertook3-week high-intensity and 3-week high-volume trainings separated by a 4-week rest. TT extracts(1250 mg/day) were orally administered by boxers in E + TT group. TT extract compositions were detected by UHPLC–Q-TOF/MS. Before and at the end of the 2 trainings, muscle mass, anaerobic performance, and blood indicators were explored.Results: Compared with E group, decreases of plasma CK(1591.5 ± 909.6 U/L vs. 2719.9 ± 832.5 U/L) and IGFBP-3(3075.5 ± 1072.5 ng/m L vs. 3950.8 ± 479.3 ng/m L) as well as increases of mean power(MP, 459.4 ± 122.3 W vs. 434.6 ± 69.5 W) and MP/body weight(MP/BW, 7.5 ± 0.9 W/kg vs. 7.1 ± 1.1 W/kg) were detected in E + TT group after a high-intensity training. For high-volume training, reduction of IGFBP-3(2946.4 ± 974.1 ng/m L vs. 3632.7 ± 470.1 ng/m L) and increases of MP(508.7 ± 103.2 W vs. 477.8 ± 49.9 W) and MP/BW(8.2 ± 0.3 W/kg vs.7.5 ± 0.9 W/kg) were detected in E + TT group, compared with E group. Muscle mass, blood levels of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone(DHT),and IGF-1 were not signifiantly changed between the 2 groups.Conclusion: Taking 1250 mg capsules containing TT extracts did not change muscle mass and plasma levels of testosterone, DHT, and IGF-1 but significantly alleviated muscle damage and promoted anaerobic performance of trained male boxers, which may be related to the decrease of plasma IGFBP-3 rather than androgen in plasma.

抑制lncRNA TUG1下调核苷酸结合寡聚结构域样受体蛋白1炎症小体在延缓阿尔茨海默病进展的作用

目的探讨敲低长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)牛磺酸上调基因1(TUG1)抑制核苷酸结合寡聚结构域样受体蛋白1(NLRP1)炎症小体在缓解阿尔茨海默病进展中的作用。方法选取9~10周龄遗传背景为C57/BL6的野生型小鼠(WT组,10只)或淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)/早老素1(PS1)转基因小鼠(30只)。APP/PS1转基因小鼠随机分为模型(model)组,模型+敲低lncRNA TUG1组[model+lncRNA TUG1短发夹RNA(shRNA)组]和model+shRNA非靶标(NT)组,每组10只。分别采集12周龄第1天(3月龄)和32周龄第1天(8月龄)小鼠外周血和脑皮质组织,并分离皮质中的原代小胶质细胞和原代星形胶质细胞,每个时间点每组5只小鼠。Real-time PCR分别测定3月龄和8月龄上述4个分组小鼠脑皮质组织和原代小胶质细胞中lncRNA TUG1和巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(MIF)mRNA的水平,以及原代星形胶质细胞中补体蛋白C1r和C1s mRNA的水平。ELISA法测定其外周血浆中MIF含量。对3月龄和8月龄小鼠脑皮质原代小胶质细胞和原代星形胶质细胞共培养。CCK-8法测定上述2种细胞的增殖能力。Western blotting分别测定3月龄和8月龄上述4个分组小鼠脑皮质组织中MIF、白细胞介素1β前体(pro-IL-1β)、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC)、Caspase-1(p20)、Caspase-1(full)、NLRP1及NLRP3蛋白的表达水平。采用免疫荧光染色法测定8月龄各分组小鼠脑皮质组织中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)表达。结果3月龄和8月龄时,与WT组小鼠相比,model组小鼠脑皮质组织和原代小胶质细胞中lncRNA TUG1和MIF相对表达水平显著上调,原代小胶质细胞和原代星形胶质细胞增殖能力增强(P<0.05)。与model组相比,model+lncRNA TUG1 shRNA组小鼠脑皮质组织和原代小胶质细胞中lncRNA TUG1和MIF的相对表达水平显著降低,原代小胶质细胞和原代星形胶质细胞增殖能力降低(P<0.05)。与WT组相比,model组小鼠外周血浆中MIF含量显著升高;小鼠脑皮质组织中pro-IL-1β、ASC、Caspase-1(p20)、Caspase-1(full)、NLRP1以及NLRP3的蛋白表达水平显著升高;Aβ免疫荧光强度明显增强(P<0.05)。与model组相比,model+lncRNA TUG1 shRNA组小鼠外周血浆中MIF含量显著降低;小鼠脑皮质组织中pro-IL-1β、ASC、Caspase-1(p20)、Caspase-1(full)和NLRP1的蛋白表达水平显著降低,Aβ免疫荧光强度明显降低(P<0.05),而NLRP3蛋白质的表达水平无明显变化(P>0.05)。与model组相比,model+shRNA NT组小鼠上述所有检测指标差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论APP/PS1转基因小鼠脑皮质组织和原代小胶质细胞中lncRNA TUG1和MIF因子表达上调与脑皮质内NLRP1炎症小体激活成正相关,敲低lncRNA TUG1可缓解阿尔茨海默病的进展。

血清LTBP2、TM4SF1在大肠癌患者预后评估中的研究

目的探讨血清转化生长因子结合蛋白2(LTBP2)、四次跨膜蛋白1(TM4SF1)在大肠癌患者预后评估中的意义。方法将南阳市中心医院2016年7月至2019年7月手术治疗的大肠癌患者108例作为试验组,同期108例健康体检者作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测两组血清LTBP2、TM4SF1水平;比较不同血清LTBP2和TM4SF1表达水平的大肠癌患者临床资料的差异;采用免疫组化染色法分析大肠癌组织中LTBP2、TM4SF1的表达;Pearson相关分析明确血清LTBP2和TM4SF1表达的相关性;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清LTBP2和TM4SF1联合评估大肠癌患者预后的价值。结果试验组血清LTBP2和TM4SF1水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),二者表达水平呈正相关(r=0.305,P<0.05),大肠癌组织LTBP2和TM4SF1表达阳性率高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。肿瘤直径>5cm、肿瘤低分化、有淋巴结转移、TNM分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、有脉管瘤栓的大肠癌患者血清LTBP2和TM4SF1表达水平高于患者肿瘤直径≤5 cm、肿瘤中高分化、无淋巴结转移、TNM分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、无脉管瘤栓的大肠癌患者(P<0.05)。血清LTBP2、TM4SF1联合预测大肠癌患者预后不良的AUC为0.886。结论大肠癌患者血清LTBP2和TM4SF1水平升高,二者联合对大肠癌患者预后不良具有较好的预测价值。

鉴定LTBP1作为胃癌预后的生物标志物及其与肿瘤免疫微环境的相关性

目的探索潜在转化生长因子β结合蛋白1(latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 1,LTBP1)在胃癌发生发展及免疫微环境中的生物学功能。方法在TCGA数据库中分析LTBP1在泛癌中的表达,然后通过胃癌组织和癌旁组织进行验证。通过回归比例分析法分析LTBP1表达与临床病理变量之间的相关性。Cox回归分析和Kaplan-Meier图用于评估LTBP1在胃癌中的预后价值。通过TIMER分析LTBP1的表达水平与胃癌中免疫细胞浸润之间的相关性。免疫组织化学染色检测LTBP1蛋白在胃癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达水平。结果与正常胃组织相比,胃癌组织中LTBP1表达显著上调。其表达与病理TNM分期显著相关。LTBP1高表达的胃癌患者的总体生存率(overall survival,OS)缩短。免疫组化结果显示,与癌旁组织相比,LTBP1在胃癌组织中显著高表达。TIMER检测发现LTBP1的表达与3种免疫细胞浸润呈正相关。结论LTBP1可能是胃癌预后的一个潜在生物标志物,并影响癌症的肿瘤免疫微环境。

安图A2000全自动化学发光分析仪检测IGFBP3的性能验证及与IGF-1相关性研究

目的:对安图A2000全自动化学发光仪检测血清胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3(IGFBP3)的性能进行评价,并探讨其在矮小症、性早熟及垂体性病变中与IGF-1的相关性。方法:对安图A2000系统检测IGFBP3的精密度(CV)、线性范围、可报告范围、参考区间进行验证。选取2023年1月-2023年9月在本院诊断或治疗的矮小症21例、性早熟10例、垂体性病变19例,回顾性分析其胰岛素生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-1)和IGHBP3水平,并进行Spearman相关性分析。结果:IGFBP3高低水平质控品批内CV为2.019%、2.931%,批间CV为3.818%、4.137%;测定结果在0.3~16.0μg/mL范围内呈线性,线性回归方程为Y=0.9995X~0.0213,R2=0.9974;临床可报告范围为0.3~32.0μg/mL;18~70岁和>70岁健康体检者检测结果均在厂家提供的参考区间内;IGFBP3和IGF-1在矮小症、性早熟和垂体性病变患者中具有较好的相关性(r=0.81,P<0.0001)。结论:安图A2000检测血清IGFBP3的性能能够满足实验室质量要求,且与IGF-1具有较好的相关性。

胰岛素样生长因子-1、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1表达与首发精神分裂症患者认知损伤的相关性

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者血清胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1(IGFBP-1)水平及与认知功能之间的关系。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法(ELISA)检测103例精神分裂症患者和64名正常对照的血清IGF-1和IGFBP-1蛋白的表达水平;采用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评估患者的临床症状及严重程度;使用中文版认知功能成套测验(MCCB)评价研究对象的认知功能。结果:精神分裂症组外周血中的IGFBP-1表达增高(P=0.01),而IGF-1的表达与HCs组无明显差异(P>0.05)。IGF-1的表达水平与患者认知功能维度中的工作记忆、言语学习与记忆、视觉学习与记忆、社会认知及MCCB总分均呈负相关(P均<0.05),IGFBP-1的表达水平与患者的认知功能维度中的处理速度评分呈负相关(P<0.05),正常对照组IGF-1和IGFBP-1与认知功能评分均无相关性(P>0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者血清中IGF-1与IGFBP-1的表达与患者认知功能存在负相关,表明IGF-1及IGFBP-1在精神分裂症认知损伤中发挥了一定的作用。

Maintaining cholesterol homeostasis: Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins

The molecular mechanism of how hepatocytes maintain cholesterol homeostasis has become much more transparent with the discovery of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) in recent years. These membrane proteins aremembers of the basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper (bHLHZip) family of transcription factors. They activate the expression of at least 30 genes involved in the synthesis of cholesterol and lipids. SREBPs are synthesized as precursor proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where they form a complex with another protein, SREBP cleavage activating protein (SCAP). The SCAP molecule contains a sterol sensory domain. In the presence of high cellular sterol concentrations SCAP confines SREBP to the ER. With low cellular concentrations, SCAP escorts SREBP to activation in the Golgi. There, SREBP undergoes two proteolytic cleavage steps to release the mature, biologically active transcription factor, nuclear SREBP (nSREBP). nSREBP translocates to the nucleus and binds to sterol response elements (SRE) in the promoter/enhancer regions of target genes. Additional transcription factors are required to activate transcription of these genes. Three different SREBPs are known, SREBPs-1a, -1c and -2. SREBP-1a and -1c are isoforms produced from a single gene by alternate splicing. SREBP-2 is encoded by a different gene and does not display any isoforms. It appears that SREBPs alone, in the sequence described above, can exert complete control over cholesterol synthesis, whereas many additional factors (hormones, cytokines, etc.) are required for complete control of lipid metabolism. Medicinal manipulation of the SREBP/SCAP system is expected to prove highly beneficial in the management of cholesterol-related disease.

肝癌患者血清IGFBP1的表达及其临床意义

目的探究肝癌患者血清胰岛素生长因子结合蛋白1(insulin growth factor binding protein 1,IGFBP1)的表达变化及其临床意义。方法回顾性选取于武汉大学中南医院就诊的体检正常对照个体(CTL组,n=32)、慢性乙型肝炎患者(CHB组,n=32)和肝癌患者(HCC组,n=64)。采用-80℃冻存上述研究对象的血清标本,酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清中IGFBP1的水平,3组间差异比较采用单因素方差分析,事后两两比较采用LSD-t检验;不符合正态分布的计量资料多组间差异比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验,并一步两两比较;计数资料组间差异比较采用Fisher确切概率法;相关性分析采用Spearman法,受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线用于评价血清IGFBP1的诊断效能,二元Logistic回归分析用于血清IGFBP1水平对肝癌的风险评估。结果HCC组患者的血清IGFBP1表达水平明显高于CTL组和CHB组,差异有统计学意义(H=29.427,P<0.001);乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染不影响血清IGFBP1水平。血清IGFBP1水平与经典的肝癌血清蛋白标志物甲胎蛋白(alpha fetoprotein,AFP)存在较强的正相关关系(r=0.484,P<0.001),其诊断效能为(AUC=0.773,95%CI:0.693~0.852,P<0.001)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清IGFBP1升高是肝癌的风险因子(OR=1.049,95%CI:1.014~1.084,P=0.005)。结论肝癌患者血清中IGFBP1水平升高是肝癌的风险因素,对肝癌的诊断具有一定的临床价值。

tRF-1:30对高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞炎性因子表达的影响

目的探讨tRF-1:30(tRF-1:30-Gln-CTG-4)对高糖(HG)诱导的肾小管上皮细胞(RTECs)中炎性因子表达的影响及分子机制。方法将小鼠RTECs分为Control组、HG组、HG+tRF-1:30 mimic组、HG+tRF-1:30 NC组、HG+si-IKZF2组(IKAROS家族锌指2,tRF-1:30抑制剂)、HG+si-NC组。实时荧光定量PCR检测tRF-1:30、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)和IKZF2 mRNA的水平。酶联免疫吸附试验检测炎性因子水平,Western blot检测IKZF2蛋白表达水平,双萤光素酶报告实验验证tRF-1:30和IKZF2的关系。结果在HG诱导的RTECs中炎性因子的表达水平显著升高,而tRF-1:30表达水平显著降低。过表达tRF-1:30显著降低HG诱导的RTECs中炎性因子的表达水平。IKZF2在HG诱导的RTECs中显著高表达,进一步敲低IKZF2可抑制炎性因子的释放,而过表达tRF-1:30后IKZF2的表达水平下调。双萤光素酶报告实验进一步验证tRF-1:30与IKZF2可能存在靶向关系。结论过表达tRF-1:30可能通过负向调控IKZF2的表达进而抑制HG诱导的RTECs炎性因子的释放。

血清S100A11、AIF1水平对高级别宫颈上皮内瘤变的预测价值

目的研究血清S100钙结合蛋白A11(S100A11)、同种移植炎性因子1(AIF1)对高级别宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)患者的预测价值。方法选取2021年1月—2024年1月西北大学第一医院妇产科诊治的CIN患者98例为CIN组,选取同期经病理组织确诊为慢性宫颈炎的患者50例为宫颈炎组,同期医院健康体检的女性50例为健康对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清S100A11、AIF1水平;多因素Logistic回归分析高级别CIN发生的影响因素;受试者工作特征曲线分析血清S100A11、AIF1对高级别CIN发生的预测价值。结果健康对照组、宫颈炎组、CIN组血清S100A11、AIF1水平依次升高,差异均有统计学意义(F/P=369.360/<0.001、269.282/<0.001)。高级别CIN、高危型HPV感染阳性的CIN患者血清S100A11、AIF1水平高于低级别CIN、高危型HPV感染阴性的患者(F/P=95.082/<0.001、92.990/<0.001;t/P=7.903/<0.001、5.392/<0.001);高危HPV感染阳性、血清S100A11水平升高、AIF1升高是影响高级别CIN发生的独立危险因素[OR(95%CI)=1.278(1.149~1.420),1.270(1.114~1.448),1.339(1.079~1.661)];血清S100A11、AIF1及两者联合预测高级别CIN的AUC分别为0.795、0.813、0.906,两者联合优于各自单独预测效能(Z=3.930、3.515,P<0.001)。结论CIN患者血清S100A11、AIF1升高,两者与CIN分级及高危HPV感染有关,两者联合对高级别CIN的发生具有较高的预测价值。

CXCR1、ESM-1及IGFBP-2与COPD合并肺部感染患者疾病严重程度、预后的关系

目的 分析血清趋化因子受体1(CXCR1)、内皮细胞特异性分子-1(ESM-1)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白2(IGFBP-2)水平与慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并肺部感染患者疾病严重程度、预后的关系。方法 选取2021年1月至2023年1月于阜阳市人民医院就诊的COPD患者325例,根据肺部感染情况分为感染组及未感染组。比较两组入院时的血清CXCR1、ESM-1、IGFBP-2水平及常规感染指标[C-反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)]水平,采用Pearson相关分析感染组上述指标的关系。比较不同病情严重程度COPD合并肺部感染患者入院时的CXCR1、ESM-1、IGFBP-2水平。对感染组患者跟踪随访6个月或死亡止,根据预后情况分为存活亚组及死亡亚组,比较两亚组患者入院时的血清CXCR1、ESM-1、IGFBP-2水平;采用受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析上述指标对COPD合并肺部感染患者死亡的预测价值。结果 325例COPD患者包括感染组109例及未感染组216例。感染组患者入院时的血清CXCR1、ESM-1、IGFBP-2、CRP、PCT水平高于未感染组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同病情严重程度COPD合并肺部感染患者入院时的血清CXCR1、ESM-1、IGFBP-2水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,感染组入院时的血清CRP水平与CXCR1、ESM-1水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。随访期间感染组死亡19例(17.43%),存活90例(82.57%),死亡亚组入院时的血清CXCR1、ESM-1、IGFBP-2水平高于存活亚组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC结果显示,血清CXCR1、IGFBP-2水平预测COPD合并肺部感染患者死亡具有一定局限性(AUC=0.636、0.769),ESM-1的预测效能较好(AUC=0.827),CXCR1+ESM-1+IGFBP-2三项联合诊断的预测效能最佳(AUC=0.904)。结论 血清CXCR1、ESM-1、IGFBP-2水平在COPD合并肺部感染患者的疾病严重程度及预后评估方面具有一定指导意义。