The sediment content of the Yellow River is resulted from the interactions of natural, economic, and social factors, so it includes some evolutive information of the Yellow River Basin system. Sediment contents from 1...The sediment content of the Yellow River is resulted from the interactions of natural, economic, and social factors, so it includes some evolutive information of the Yellow River Basin system. Sediment contents from 1952 to 2007 on Toudaoguai, Tongguan, Huayuankou and Lijin sections along the river are chosen as the study time series, and correlation dimensions (D2), Kolmogorov entropies (K2), and Hurst indexes (H) of the time series were calculated. Correlation dimensions on Toudaoguai, Tongguan, Huayuankou, and Lijin sections are 3.24, 5.69, 6.57 and 7.34 respectively, and the Kolmogorov entropies are 0.13, 0.37, 0.40 and 0.38 respectively, which indicates that the systems controlled by different sections along the Yellow River are chaotic systems and the chaotic degrees increase gradually from the upper to lower section. The average predictable period of the sediment contents is 8 years on Toudaoguai section and 3 years on the other sections with the reciprocals of the Kolmogorov entropies. The more obvious the chaotic degree is, the shorter the average predictable period is. Hurst indexes on the sections are above 0.5, with the maximum of 0.86 on Tongguan section and the minimum of 0.68 on Toudaoguai section, which indicates that the time series have persistent trends in the average predictable period. Eight state variables and two control parameters are necessary to construct the dynamic model of the Yellow River Basin system.展开更多
Reproductive immunology is a crossed subject of reproductive biology and immunobiology. Great progresses have been achieved in the subject along with the deep development in life science. Modern reproductive immunolog...Reproductive immunology is a crossed subject of reproductive biology and immunobiology. Great progresses have been achieved in the subject along with the deep development in life science. Modern reproductive immunology includes immunological regulation of fertility, materno-fetal immuno-regu-lation, and neuro-reproductive endocrino-immune network. With the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine (ICWM) applied to reproductive immunology it has been greatly enriched in research contents and depth. The present review is to introduce the recent progresses in research of integrated medicine on reproductive immunology.展开更多
The modern history of management systems is almost the same as the history of modern management science. Implicit management systems have been in existence for many 100s of years. ISO has paid attention to the issue o...The modern history of management systems is almost the same as the history of modern management science. Implicit management systems have been in existence for many 100s of years. ISO has paid attention to the issue of the integrated management systems since the ISO 9000 family standards for quality management systems (QMS) and ISO 14000 series standards for environment management syste(EMS) were published. ISO/TAG(Technical Advisory Group)12 was formed by the ISO/TM(Technical Management Board) in early 1997 with the mandate to achieve greater compatibility between the relevant ISO/TC 176 and ISO/TC 207 standards in the field of management systems, auditing, terms and definitions. The report was submitted to TMB by TAG 12 in 1999.展开更多
It is imperative that all stakeholders within the research ecosystem take responsibility to improve research integrity and reliability of published research.Based on the unique experiences of a specialist publishing e...It is imperative that all stakeholders within the research ecosystem take responsibility to improve research integrity and reliability of published research.Based on the unique experiences of a specialist publishing ethics and research integrity team within a major publisher,this article provides insights into the observed trends of misconduct and how those have evolved over time,and addresses key actions needed to improve the interface between researchers,funders,institutions and publishers to collectively improve research integrity on a global scale.展开更多
Purpose: The number of retracted papers from Chinese university-affiliated hospitals is increasing, which has raised much concern. The aim of this study is to analyze the retracted papers from university-affiliated ho...Purpose: The number of retracted papers from Chinese university-affiliated hospitals is increasing, which has raised much concern. The aim of this study is to analyze the retracted papers from university-affiliated hospitals in China’s mainland from 2000 to 2021. Design/methodology/approach: Data for 1,031 retracted papers were identified from the Web of Science Core collection database. The information of the hospitals involved was obtained from their official websites. We analyzed the chronological changes, journal distribution, discipline distribution and retraction reasons for the retracted papers. The grade and geographic locations of the hospitals involved were explored as well.Findings: We found a rapid increase in the number of retracted papers, while the retraction time interval is decreasing. The main reasons for retraction are plagiarism/self-plagiarism(n=255), invalid data/images/conclusions(n=212), fake peer review(n=175) and honesty error(n=163). The disciplines are mainly distributed in oncology(n=320), pharmacology & pharmacy(n=198) and research & experimental medicine(n=166). About 43.8% of the retracted papers were from hospitals affiliated with prestigious universities. Research limitations: This study fails to differentiate between retractions due to honest error and retractions due to research misconduct. We believe that there is a fundamental difference between honest error retractions and misconduct retractions. Another limitation is that authors of the retracted papers have not been analyzed in this study.Practical implications: This study provides a reference for addressing research misconduct in Chinese university-affiliated hospitals. It is our recommendation that universities and hospitals should educate all their staff about the basic norms of research integrity, punish authors of scientific misconduct retracted papers, and reform the unreasonable evaluation system.Originality/value: Based on the analysis of retracted papers, this study further analyzes the characteristics of institutions of retracted papers, which may deepen the research on retracted papers and provide a new perspective to understand the retraction phenomenon.展开更多
The gradually ex—panding number of peo—pie suffering from hy—pertension and the trendof lowering of their ageindicate that one shouldpay more attention tothe illness and tOstrengthen preventionand treatment of it i...The gradually ex—panding number of peo—pie suffering from hy—pertension and the trendof lowering of their ageindicate that one shouldpay more attention tothe illness and tOstrengthen preventionand treatment of it inorder tO elevate clinicaltherapeutic effect,so as展开更多
Purpose:The notable increase in retraction papers has attracted considerable attention from diverse stakeholders.Various sources are now offering information related to research integrity,including concerns voiced on ...Purpose:The notable increase in retraction papers has attracted considerable attention from diverse stakeholders.Various sources are now offering information related to research integrity,including concerns voiced on social media,disclosed lists of paper mills,and retraction notices accessible through journal websites.However,despite the availability of such resources,there remains a lack of a unified platform to consolidate this information,thereby hindering efficient searching and cross-referencing.Thus,it is imperative to develop a comprehensive platform for retracted papers and related concerns.This article aims to introduce“Amend,”a platform designed to integrate information on research integrity from diverse sources.Design/methodology/approach:The Amend platform consolidates concerns and lists of problematic articles sourced from social media platforms(e.g.,PubPeer,For Better Science),retraction notices from journal websites,and citation databases(e.g.,Web of Science,CrossRef).Moreover,Amend includes investigation and punishment announcements released by administrative agencies(e.g.,NSFC,MOE,MOST,CAS).Each related paper is marked and can be traced back to its information source via a provided link.Furthermore,the Amend database incorporates various attributes of retracted articles,including citation topics,funding details,open access status,and more.The reasons for retraction are identified and classified as either academic misconduct or honest errors,with detailed subcategories provided for further clarity.Findings:Within the Amend platform,a total of 32,515 retracted papers indexed in SCI,SSCI,and ESCI between 1980 and 2023 were identified.Of these,26,620(81.87%)were associated with academic misconduct.The retraction rate stands at 6.64 per 10,000 articles.Notably,the retraction rate for non-gold open access articles significantly differs from that for gold open access articles,with this disparity progressively widening over the years.Furthermore,the reasons for retractions have shifted from traditional individual behaviors like falsification,fabrication,plagiarism,and duplication to more organized large-scale fraudulent practices,including Paper Mills,Fake Peer-review,and Artificial Intelligence Generated Content(AIGC).Research limitations:The Amend platform may not fully capture all retracted and concerning papers,thereby impacting its comprehensiveness.Additionally,inaccuracies in retraction notices may lead to errors in tagged reasons.Practical implications:Amend provides an integrated platform for stakeholders to enhance monitoring,analysis,and research on academic misconduct issues.Ultimately,the Amend database can contribute to upholding scientific integrity.Originality/value:This study introduces a globally integrated platform for retracted and concerning papers,along with a preliminary analysis of the evolutionary trends in retracted papers.展开更多
By reviewing the development history of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of PetroChina Company Limited(PetroChina),we have systematically summarized the main progress of shale oil reservoir stimulation techn...By reviewing the development history of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of PetroChina Company Limited(PetroChina),we have systematically summarized the main progress of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of CNPC in five aspects:reservoir stimulation mechanism,fracture-controlled fracturing,geological-engineering integrated reservoir stimulation design platform,low-cost materials,and large well-pad three-dimensional development mode.It is made clear that the major stimulation technology for shale oil reservoir is the high density multi-cluster and fracture-controlled staged fracturing aiming to increase fracture-controlled reserves,lower operation costs and increase economic benefits.Based on comprehensive analysis of the challenges shale oil reservoir stimulation technology faces in three-dimensional development,stimulation parameter optimization for fracture-controlled fracturing,refracturing and low-cost stimulation technology,we proposed five development directions of the stimulation technology:(1)Strengthen the research on integration of geology and engineering to make full use of reservoir stimulation.(2)Deepen the study on fracture-controlled fracturing to improve reserves development degree.(3)Promote horizontal well three-dimensional development of shale oil to realize the production of multiple layers vertically.(4)Research refracturing technology of shale oil reservoir through horizontal well to efficiently tap the remaining reserves between fractures.(5)Develop low-cost stimulation supporting technology to help reduce the cost and increase economic benefit of oilfield development.展开更多
The fabrication and characterization of p-i-n photodiodes integrated with wide spectrum focusing reflectors using nonperiodic strip and concentric-circular subwavelength gratings are presented. The experimental result...The fabrication and characterization of p-i-n photodiodes integrated with wide spectrum focusing reflectors using nonperiodic strip and concentric-circular subwavelength gratings are presented. The experimental results show that the gratings can reflect and focus the incident light on the absorber of the photodiode, and thus can simultaneously achieve high speed and high efficiency. For the gratings’ integrated photodiodes, the responsivity is improved over a wide spectral range, and when the absorber was 600 nm and the mesa diameter was40 μm, a responsivity of 0.46 A/W at a wavelength of 1.55 μm and a 3 dB bandwidth of 21.6 GHz under a reverse bias of 3 V were simultaneously obtained.展开更多
Objective:To investigate potential mechanism of Prostate prescriptionⅠin the treatment of chronic prostatitis based on integrated pharmacology.Methods:with the help of TCMIP,the effective compounds of Prostate prescr...Objective:To investigate potential mechanism of Prostate prescriptionⅠin the treatment of chronic prostatitis based on integrated pharmacology.Methods:with the help of TCMIP,the effective compounds of Prostate prescriptionⅠwere screened,and the potential target database of Prostate prescriptionⅠwas established by using the target prediction function of TCMIP.Based on the Human Phenotype Ontology database and protein interaction network(PPI)database,the disease target of CP was identified and the target interaction network was constructed;Through the GO function analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the candidate targets,combined with Chinese and foreign literature studies to predict the potential Signaling pathway of Prostate prescriptionⅠin the treatment of CP.Results:79 effective compounds of Prostate prescriptionⅠexerted its effect on 33 targets through 11 pathways.Conclusion:Clinical efficacy of Prostate prescriptionⅠon CP may be reflected in antiinflammation and anti-tumor,cell metabolism,immune regulation,neuroregulation and so on.展开更多
Scientific integrity is a learned skill.When researchers and students learn integrity in laboratories or in the classroom,they are empowered to use similar principles in other aspects of their lives.This commentary re...Scientific integrity is a learned skill.When researchers and students learn integrity in laboratories or in the classroom,they are empowered to use similar principles in other aspects of their lives.This commentary reviews the concepts related to scientific integrity at a time when science faces important challenges related to the increase number of articles produced regarding research on coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has ignited another parallel viral pandemic,with science ranging from robust studies to dishonest studies being conducted,posted,and shared at an unprecedented rate.A balance is needed between the benefits of the rapid access to new scientific data and the threat of causing panic or erroneous clinical decisions based on mistakes or misconduct.The truth is that the“scientific research has changed the world”but now,and more than ever,“it needs to change itself”.A pandemic with a“paperdemic”will be even more complicated to manage if it progresses in an uncontrolled manner and is not properly scrutinized.展开更多
Responsible research and innovation,or RRI,is a concept that aims to bring together society and science for a better future.There are six key elements of RRI:public engagement,gender equality,science education,open ac...Responsible research and innovation,or RRI,is a concept that aims to bring together society and science for a better future.There are six key elements of RRI:public engagement,gender equality,science education,open access,ethics and governance.Higher Education Institutions and Responsible Research and Innovation(HEIRRI)project aimed to bring the concept of RRI into the educational system.Using state-of-the-art review of good practices,HEIRRI team developed 10 training programmes on RRI for different higher education institution educational levels,including a summer school and a massive open online course(MOOC).We conducted pilot of the trainings and evaluated participants’experiences.Satisfaction with HEIRRI training programmes on responsible research and innovation was high,both for participants and for the trainers,and trainings raised awareness of RRI.Participants’feedback was used to identify areas that need improvement and provided for recommendations for final versions of the HEIRRI training programmes.In order to equip researchers with skills to recognize and apply RRI values,RRI should be included in their education.HEIRRI training is suitable for a range of different disciplines,including forensic science,and is free to use and adjust for specific contexts(available from:https://rri-tools.eu/heirri-training-programmes).展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)printing has attracted increasing research interest as an emerging manufacturing technology for devel-oping sophisticated and exquisite architecture through hierarchical printing.It has also been ...Three-dimensional(3D)printing has attracted increasing research interest as an emerging manufacturing technology for devel-oping sophisticated and exquisite architecture through hierarchical printing.It has also been employed in various advanced industrial areas.The development of intelligent biomedical engineering has raised the requirements for 3D printing,such as flexible manufacturing processes and technologies,biocompatible constituents,and alternative bioproducts.However,state-of-the-art 3D printing mainly involves inorganics or polymers and generally focuses on traditional industrial fields,thus severely limiting applications demanding biocompatibility and biodegradability.In this regard,peptide architectonics,which are self-assembled by programmed amino acid sequences that can be flexibly functionalized,have shown promising potential as bioinspired inks for 3D printing.Therefore,the combination of 3D printing and peptide self-assembly poten-tially opens up an alternative avenue of 3D bioprinting for diverse advanced applications.Israel,a small but innovative nation,has significantly contributed to 3D bioprinting in terms of scientific studies,marketization,and peptide architectonics,including modulations and applications,and ranks as a leading area in the 3D bioprinting field.This review summarizes the recent progress in 3D bioprinting in Israel,focusing on scientific studies on printable components,soft devices,and tissue engineering.This paper further delves into the manufacture of industrial products,such as artificial meats and bioinspired supramolecular architectures,and the mechanisms,physicochemical properties,and applications of peptide self-assembly.Undoubtedly,Israel contributes significantly to the field of 3D bioprinting and should thus be appropriately recognized.展开更多
At the end of the 20th Century, due to changes in medical thinking, the interest in perioperative research increased. In 1999, Kehlet of Denmark put forward the concept of "Accelerated Rehabilitation Technique" and ...At the end of the 20th Century, due to changes in medical thinking, the interest in perioperative research increased. In 1999, Kehlet of Denmark put forward the concept of "Accelerated Rehabilitation Technique" and made related studies, It was at this time that new concepts such as "Damage Control Operations" and "Fast Track Surgery" was introduced in the conventional surgical practice, which prioritizes the survival rate and the quality of life of patients over the success rate of the operation.展开更多
The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine (CALM) was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congres...The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine (CALM) was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.展开更多
The Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine,located in the West Coast of the Taiwan Strait,was founded on July 3,2005 under the Chairmanship of Dr.CHEN Ke-ji,who is an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS,Fi...The Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine,located in the West Coast of the Taiwan Strait,was founded on July 3,2005 under the Chairmanship of Dr.CHEN Ke-ji,who is an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS,Figure 1).With the mission of using new展开更多
In conjunction with the NSF Engineering Research Center for Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA),the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Massachusetts Amherst invi...In conjunction with the NSF Engineering Research Center for Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA),the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Massachusetts Amherst invites applications for a tenure-track position in Integrative Systems Engineering(ISE) at the Assistant Professor level to begin September 2009.展开更多
In almost a century of its development,Chinese ethnology has gradually formed some significant academic paradigms.One of them is the"ethnic research paradigm"which concentrates on summarizing,organizing,and ...In almost a century of its development,Chinese ethnology has gradually formed some significant academic paradigms.One of them is the"ethnic research paradigm"which concentrates on summarizing,organizing,and detailing social and cultural facts using"ethnicity"as its primary unit.This paradigm sees ethnicity as its foundational unit of study.Meanwhile,the"inter-ethnic research paradigm"transcends singular ethnic groups,spotlighting the complex interactions between multiple ethnic groups.It views a multi-ethnic community or region as its core research field,underscoring the nuances of cultural exchange,overlap,and shared experiences.These two paradigms,while distinct,are both invaluable to Chinese ethnology.They don't replace each other but rather work synergistically.Pioneering ethnologist,Fei Xiaotong,masterfully merged these paradigms in his groundbreaking"pluralism and unity"theory,ushering in a refreshed framework for Chinese ethnological studies.This article delves into these foundational paradigms from a historical academic lens,aiming to further refine and enrich the scientific methodologies employed in Chinese ethnology.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40601105 Key Project of Science and Technology of Henan Province, No.0721021500
文摘The sediment content of the Yellow River is resulted from the interactions of natural, economic, and social factors, so it includes some evolutive information of the Yellow River Basin system. Sediment contents from 1952 to 2007 on Toudaoguai, Tongguan, Huayuankou and Lijin sections along the river are chosen as the study time series, and correlation dimensions (D2), Kolmogorov entropies (K2), and Hurst indexes (H) of the time series were calculated. Correlation dimensions on Toudaoguai, Tongguan, Huayuankou, and Lijin sections are 3.24, 5.69, 6.57 and 7.34 respectively, and the Kolmogorov entropies are 0.13, 0.37, 0.40 and 0.38 respectively, which indicates that the systems controlled by different sections along the Yellow River are chaotic systems and the chaotic degrees increase gradually from the upper to lower section. The average predictable period of the sediment contents is 8 years on Toudaoguai section and 3 years on the other sections with the reciprocals of the Kolmogorov entropies. The more obvious the chaotic degree is, the shorter the average predictable period is. Hurst indexes on the sections are above 0.5, with the maximum of 0.86 on Tongguan section and the minimum of 0.68 on Toudaoguai section, which indicates that the time series have persistent trends in the average predictable period. Eight state variables and two control parameters are necessary to construct the dynamic model of the Yellow River Basin system.
文摘Reproductive immunology is a crossed subject of reproductive biology and immunobiology. Great progresses have been achieved in the subject along with the deep development in life science. Modern reproductive immunology includes immunological regulation of fertility, materno-fetal immuno-regu-lation, and neuro-reproductive endocrino-immune network. With the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine (ICWM) applied to reproductive immunology it has been greatly enriched in research contents and depth. The present review is to introduce the recent progresses in research of integrated medicine on reproductive immunology.
文摘The modern history of management systems is almost the same as the history of modern management science. Implicit management systems have been in existence for many 100s of years. ISO has paid attention to the issue of the integrated management systems since the ISO 9000 family standards for quality management systems (QMS) and ISO 14000 series standards for environment management syste(EMS) were published. ISO/TAG(Technical Advisory Group)12 was formed by the ISO/TM(Technical Management Board) in early 1997 with the mandate to achieve greater compatibility between the relevant ISO/TC 176 and ISO/TC 207 standards in the field of management systems, auditing, terms and definitions. The report was submitted to TMB by TAG 12 in 1999.
文摘It is imperative that all stakeholders within the research ecosystem take responsibility to improve research integrity and reliability of published research.Based on the unique experiences of a specialist publishing ethics and research integrity team within a major publisher,this article provides insights into the observed trends of misconduct and how those have evolved over time,and addresses key actions needed to improve the interface between researchers,funders,institutions and publishers to collectively improve research integrity on a global scale.
基金supported by grants from Humanity and Social Science Youth Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (21YJC870016).
文摘Purpose: The number of retracted papers from Chinese university-affiliated hospitals is increasing, which has raised much concern. The aim of this study is to analyze the retracted papers from university-affiliated hospitals in China’s mainland from 2000 to 2021. Design/methodology/approach: Data for 1,031 retracted papers were identified from the Web of Science Core collection database. The information of the hospitals involved was obtained from their official websites. We analyzed the chronological changes, journal distribution, discipline distribution and retraction reasons for the retracted papers. The grade and geographic locations of the hospitals involved were explored as well.Findings: We found a rapid increase in the number of retracted papers, while the retraction time interval is decreasing. The main reasons for retraction are plagiarism/self-plagiarism(n=255), invalid data/images/conclusions(n=212), fake peer review(n=175) and honesty error(n=163). The disciplines are mainly distributed in oncology(n=320), pharmacology & pharmacy(n=198) and research & experimental medicine(n=166). About 43.8% of the retracted papers were from hospitals affiliated with prestigious universities. Research limitations: This study fails to differentiate between retractions due to honest error and retractions due to research misconduct. We believe that there is a fundamental difference between honest error retractions and misconduct retractions. Another limitation is that authors of the retracted papers have not been analyzed in this study.Practical implications: This study provides a reference for addressing research misconduct in Chinese university-affiliated hospitals. It is our recommendation that universities and hospitals should educate all their staff about the basic norms of research integrity, punish authors of scientific misconduct retracted papers, and reform the unreasonable evaluation system.Originality/value: Based on the analysis of retracted papers, this study further analyzes the characteristics of institutions of retracted papers, which may deepen the research on retracted papers and provide a new perspective to understand the retraction phenomenon.
文摘The gradually ex—panding number of peo—pie suffering from hy—pertension and the trendof lowering of their ageindicate that one shouldpay more attention tothe illness and tOstrengthen preventionand treatment of it inorder tO elevate clinicaltherapeutic effect,so as
基金NSFC(No.71974017)LIS Outstanding Talents Introducing Program,Bureau of Development and Planning of CAS(2022).
文摘Purpose:The notable increase in retraction papers has attracted considerable attention from diverse stakeholders.Various sources are now offering information related to research integrity,including concerns voiced on social media,disclosed lists of paper mills,and retraction notices accessible through journal websites.However,despite the availability of such resources,there remains a lack of a unified platform to consolidate this information,thereby hindering efficient searching and cross-referencing.Thus,it is imperative to develop a comprehensive platform for retracted papers and related concerns.This article aims to introduce“Amend,”a platform designed to integrate information on research integrity from diverse sources.Design/methodology/approach:The Amend platform consolidates concerns and lists of problematic articles sourced from social media platforms(e.g.,PubPeer,For Better Science),retraction notices from journal websites,and citation databases(e.g.,Web of Science,CrossRef).Moreover,Amend includes investigation and punishment announcements released by administrative agencies(e.g.,NSFC,MOE,MOST,CAS).Each related paper is marked and can be traced back to its information source via a provided link.Furthermore,the Amend database incorporates various attributes of retracted articles,including citation topics,funding details,open access status,and more.The reasons for retraction are identified and classified as either academic misconduct or honest errors,with detailed subcategories provided for further clarity.Findings:Within the Amend platform,a total of 32,515 retracted papers indexed in SCI,SSCI,and ESCI between 1980 and 2023 were identified.Of these,26,620(81.87%)were associated with academic misconduct.The retraction rate stands at 6.64 per 10,000 articles.Notably,the retraction rate for non-gold open access articles significantly differs from that for gold open access articles,with this disparity progressively widening over the years.Furthermore,the reasons for retractions have shifted from traditional individual behaviors like falsification,fabrication,plagiarism,and duplication to more organized large-scale fraudulent practices,including Paper Mills,Fake Peer-review,and Artificial Intelligence Generated Content(AIGC).Research limitations:The Amend platform may not fully capture all retracted and concerning papers,thereby impacting its comprehensiveness.Additionally,inaccuracies in retraction notices may lead to errors in tagged reasons.Practical implications:Amend provides an integrated platform for stakeholders to enhance monitoring,analysis,and research on academic misconduct issues.Ultimately,the Amend database can contribute to upholding scientific integrity.Originality/value:This study introduces a globally integrated platform for retracted and concerning papers,along with a preliminary analysis of the evolutionary trends in retracted papers.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX05023,2017ZX05013-005)。
文摘By reviewing the development history of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of PetroChina Company Limited(PetroChina),we have systematically summarized the main progress of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of CNPC in five aspects:reservoir stimulation mechanism,fracture-controlled fracturing,geological-engineering integrated reservoir stimulation design platform,low-cost materials,and large well-pad three-dimensional development mode.It is made clear that the major stimulation technology for shale oil reservoir is the high density multi-cluster and fracture-controlled staged fracturing aiming to increase fracture-controlled reserves,lower operation costs and increase economic benefits.Based on comprehensive analysis of the challenges shale oil reservoir stimulation technology faces in three-dimensional development,stimulation parameter optimization for fracture-controlled fracturing,refracturing and low-cost stimulation technology,we proposed five development directions of the stimulation technology:(1)Strengthen the research on integration of geology and engineering to make full use of reservoir stimulation.(2)Deepen the study on fracture-controlled fracturing to improve reserves development degree.(3)Promote horizontal well three-dimensional development of shale oil to realize the production of multiple layers vertically.(4)Research refracturing technology of shale oil reservoir through horizontal well to efficiently tap the remaining reserves between fractures.(5)Develop low-cost stimulation supporting technology to help reduce the cost and increase economic benefit of oilfield development.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.61574019,61674020,and 61274044)the 111 Project(No.B07005)+2 种基金the Beijing Municipality Natural Science Foundation(No.4132069)the Program for Changjiang ScholarsInnovative Research Team in University through the Ministry of Education of China(No.IRT0609)
文摘The fabrication and characterization of p-i-n photodiodes integrated with wide spectrum focusing reflectors using nonperiodic strip and concentric-circular subwavelength gratings are presented. The experimental results show that the gratings can reflect and focus the incident light on the absorber of the photodiode, and thus can simultaneously achieve high speed and high efficiency. For the gratings’ integrated photodiodes, the responsivity is improved over a wide spectral range, and when the absorber was 600 nm and the mesa diameter was40 μm, a responsivity of 0.46 A/W at a wavelength of 1.55 μm and a 3 dB bandwidth of 21.6 GHz under a reverse bias of 3 V were simultaneously obtained.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20191498)Major School-level Project of Jiangsu Vocational College of Health and Health(No.JKA201903)。
文摘Objective:To investigate potential mechanism of Prostate prescriptionⅠin the treatment of chronic prostatitis based on integrated pharmacology.Methods:with the help of TCMIP,the effective compounds of Prostate prescriptionⅠwere screened,and the potential target database of Prostate prescriptionⅠwas established by using the target prediction function of TCMIP.Based on the Human Phenotype Ontology database and protein interaction network(PPI)database,the disease target of CP was identified and the target interaction network was constructed;Through the GO function analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the candidate targets,combined with Chinese and foreign literature studies to predict the potential Signaling pathway of Prostate prescriptionⅠin the treatment of CP.Results:79 effective compounds of Prostate prescriptionⅠexerted its effect on 33 targets through 11 pathways.Conclusion:Clinical efficacy of Prostate prescriptionⅠon CP may be reflected in antiinflammation and anti-tumor,cell metabolism,immune regulation,neuroregulation and so on.
基金This work was supported by grants from CESPU[grant numbers TramTap-CESPU-2016,Chronic-TramTap_CESPU_2017 and TraTapMDMA-CESPU-2018]。
文摘Scientific integrity is a learned skill.When researchers and students learn integrity in laboratories or in the classroom,they are empowered to use similar principles in other aspects of their lives.This commentary reviews the concepts related to scientific integrity at a time when science faces important challenges related to the increase number of articles produced regarding research on coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has ignited another parallel viral pandemic,with science ranging from robust studies to dishonest studies being conducted,posted,and shared at an unprecedented rate.A balance is needed between the benefits of the rapid access to new scientific data and the threat of causing panic or erroneous clinical decisions based on mistakes or misconduct.The truth is that the“scientific research has changed the world”but now,and more than ever,“it needs to change itself”.A pandemic with a“paperdemic”will be even more complicated to manage if it progresses in an uncontrolled manner and is not properly scrutinized.
基金the“Higher Education Institutions and Responsible Research and Innovation”(HEIRRI)project,which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No.666004.
文摘Responsible research and innovation,or RRI,is a concept that aims to bring together society and science for a better future.There are six key elements of RRI:public engagement,gender equality,science education,open access,ethics and governance.Higher Education Institutions and Responsible Research and Innovation(HEIRRI)project aimed to bring the concept of RRI into the educational system.Using state-of-the-art review of good practices,HEIRRI team developed 10 training programmes on RRI for different higher education institution educational levels,including a summer school and a massive open online course(MOOC).We conducted pilot of the trainings and evaluated participants’experiences.Satisfaction with HEIRRI training programmes on responsible research and innovation was high,both for participants and for the trainers,and trainings raised awareness of RRI.Participants’feedback was used to identify areas that need improvement and provided for recommendations for final versions of the HEIRRI training programmes.In order to equip researchers with skills to recognize and apply RRI values,RRI should be included in their education.HEIRRI training is suitable for a range of different disciplines,including forensic science,and is free to use and adjust for specific contexts(available from:https://rri-tools.eu/heirri-training-programmes).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China within the China-Israel Cooperative Scientific Research(No.2022YFE0100800)(Israeli No.3-18130)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52175551,22072181)+1 种基金the Leading Innovative and Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang Province,China(No.2022R01001)the Zhejiang University Global Partnership Fund and Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems(No.GZKF-202224).
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)printing has attracted increasing research interest as an emerging manufacturing technology for devel-oping sophisticated and exquisite architecture through hierarchical printing.It has also been employed in various advanced industrial areas.The development of intelligent biomedical engineering has raised the requirements for 3D printing,such as flexible manufacturing processes and technologies,biocompatible constituents,and alternative bioproducts.However,state-of-the-art 3D printing mainly involves inorganics or polymers and generally focuses on traditional industrial fields,thus severely limiting applications demanding biocompatibility and biodegradability.In this regard,peptide architectonics,which are self-assembled by programmed amino acid sequences that can be flexibly functionalized,have shown promising potential as bioinspired inks for 3D printing.Therefore,the combination of 3D printing and peptide self-assembly poten-tially opens up an alternative avenue of 3D bioprinting for diverse advanced applications.Israel,a small but innovative nation,has significantly contributed to 3D bioprinting in terms of scientific studies,marketization,and peptide architectonics,including modulations and applications,and ranks as a leading area in the 3D bioprinting field.This review summarizes the recent progress in 3D bioprinting in Israel,focusing on scientific studies on printable components,soft devices,and tissue engineering.This paper further delves into the manufacture of industrial products,such as artificial meats and bioinspired supramolecular architectures,and the mechanisms,physicochemical properties,and applications of peptide self-assembly.Undoubtedly,Israel contributes significantly to the field of 3D bioprinting and should thus be appropriately recognized.
文摘At the end of the 20th Century, due to changes in medical thinking, the interest in perioperative research increased. In 1999, Kehlet of Denmark put forward the concept of "Accelerated Rehabilitation Technique" and made related studies, It was at this time that new concepts such as "Damage Control Operations" and "Fast Track Surgery" was introduced in the conventional surgical practice, which prioritizes the survival rate and the quality of life of patients over the success rate of the operation.
文摘The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine (CALM) was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.
文摘The Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine,located in the West Coast of the Taiwan Strait,was founded on July 3,2005 under the Chairmanship of Dr.CHEN Ke-ji,who is an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS,Figure 1).With the mission of using new
文摘In conjunction with the NSF Engineering Research Center for Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA),the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Massachusetts Amherst invites applications for a tenure-track position in Integrative Systems Engineering(ISE) at the Assistant Professor level to begin September 2009.
文摘In almost a century of its development,Chinese ethnology has gradually formed some significant academic paradigms.One of them is the"ethnic research paradigm"which concentrates on summarizing,organizing,and detailing social and cultural facts using"ethnicity"as its primary unit.This paradigm sees ethnicity as its foundational unit of study.Meanwhile,the"inter-ethnic research paradigm"transcends singular ethnic groups,spotlighting the complex interactions between multiple ethnic groups.It views a multi-ethnic community or region as its core research field,underscoring the nuances of cultural exchange,overlap,and shared experiences.These two paradigms,while distinct,are both invaluable to Chinese ethnology.They don't replace each other but rather work synergistically.Pioneering ethnologist,Fei Xiaotong,masterfully merged these paradigms in his groundbreaking"pluralism and unity"theory,ushering in a refreshed framework for Chinese ethnological studies.This article delves into these foundational paradigms from a historical academic lens,aiming to further refine and enrich the scientific methodologies employed in Chinese ethnology.