3D‑Printed Carbon‑Based Conformal Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Module for Integrated Electronics

Electromagnetic interference shielding(EMI SE)modules are the core com-ponent of modern electronics.However,the tra-ditional metal-based SE modules always take up indispensable three-dimensional space inside electronics,posing a major obstacle to the integra-tion of electronics.The innovation of integrating 3D-printed conformal shielding(c-SE)modules with packaging materials onto core electronics offers infinite possibilities to satisfy ideal SE func-tion without occupying additional space.Herein,the 3D printable carbon-based inks with various proportions of graphene and carbon nanotube nanoparticles are well-formulated by manipulating their rheological peculiarity.Accordingly,the free-constructed architectures with arbitrarily-customized structure and multifunctionality are created via 3D printing.In particular,the SE performance of 3D-printed frame is up to 61.4 dB,simultaneously accompanied with an ultralight architecture of 0.076 g cm^(-3) and a superhigh specific shielding of 802.4 dB cm3 g^(-1).Moreover,as a proof-of-concept,the 3D-printed c-SE module is in situ integrated into core electronics,successfully replacing the traditional metal-based module to afford multiple functions for electromagnetic compatibility and thermal dissipa-tion.Thus,this scientific innovation completely makes up the blank for assembling carbon-based c-SE modules and sheds a brilliant light on developing the next generation of high-performance shielding materials with arbitrarily-customized structure for integrated electronics.

Synergistic Coupling of Sulfide Electrolyte and Integrated 3D FeS_(2)Electrode Toward Long-Cycling All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries

FeS_(2)cathode is promising for all-solid-state lithium batteries due to its ultra-high capacity,low cost,and environmental friendliness.However,the poor performances,induced by limited electrode-electrolyte interface,severe volume expansion,and polysulfide shuttle,hinder the application of FeS_(2)in all-solid-state lithium batteries.Herein,an integrated 3D FeS_(2)electrode with full infiltration of Li6PS5Cl sulfide electrolytes is designed to address these challenges.Such a 3D integrated design not only achieves intimate and maximized interfacial contact between electrode and sulfide electrolytes,but also effectively buffers the inner volume change of FeS_(2)and completely eliminates the polysulfide shuttle through direct solid-solid conversion of Li2S/S.Besides,the vertical 3D arrays guarantee direct electron transport channels and horizontally shortened ion diffusion paths,endowing the integrated electrode with a remarkably reduced interfacial impedance and enhanced reaction kinetics.Benefiting from these synergies,the integrated all-solid-state lithium battery exhibits the largest reversible capacity(667 mAh g^(-1)),best rate performance,and highest capacity retention of 82%over 500 cycles at 0.1 C compared to both a liquid battery and non-integrated all-solid-state lithium battery.The cycling performance is among the best reported for FeS_(2)-based all-solid-state lithium batteries.This work presents an innovative synergistic strategy for designing long-cycling high-energy all-solid-state lithium batteries,which can be readily applied to other battery systems,such as lithium-sulfur batteries.

A Self-supported Graphene/Carbon Nanotube Hollow Fiber for Integrated Energy Conversion and Storage

Wearable fiber-shaped integrated energy conversion and storage devices have attracted increasing attention,but it remains a big challenge to achieve a common fiber electrode for both energy conversion and storage with high performance.Here,we grow aligned carbon nanotubes(CNTs)array on continuous graphene(G)tube,and their seamlessly connected structure provides the obtained G/CNTs composite fiber with a unique self-supported hollow structure.Taking advantage of the hollow structure,other active materials(e.g.,polyaniline,PANI)could be easily functionalized on both inner and outer surfaces of the tube,and the obtained G/CNTs/PANI composite hollow fibers achieve a high mass loading(90%)of PANI.The G/CNTs/PANI composite hollow fibers can not only be used for high-performance fiber-shaped supercapacitor with large specific capacitance of 472 mF cm^-2,but also can replace platinum wire to build fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cell(DSSC)with a high power conversion efficiency of 4.20%.As desired,the integrated device of DSSC and supercapacitor with the G/CNTs/PANI composite hollow fiber used as the common electrode exhibits a total power conversion and storage efficiency as high as 2.1%.Furthermore,the self-supported G/CNTs hollow fiber could be further functionalized with other active materials for building other flexible and wearable electronics.

Geometric Conversion Approach for the Numerical Evaluation of Hypersin gular and Nearly Hypersingular Boundary Integrals over Curved Surface Boundary Elements

With the aid of the properties of the hypersingular kernels, a geometric conversion approach was presented in this paper. The conversion leads to a general approach for the accurate and reliable numerical evaluation of the hypersingular surface boundary integrals encountered in a variety of applications with boundary element method. Based on the conversion, the hypersingularity in the boundary integrals could be lowered by one order, resulting in the simplification of the computer code. Moreover, an integral transformation was introduced to damp out the nearly singular behavior of the kernels by the distance function defined in the local polar coordinate system for the nearly hypersingular case. The approach is simple to use, which can be inserted readily to computer code, thus getting rid of the dull routine deduction of formulae before the numerical implementations, as the expressions of these kernels are in general complicated. The numerical examples were given in three dimensional elasticity, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed approach, which makes it possible to observe numerically the behavior of the boundary integral values with hypersingular kernels across the boundary.

基于RFID的医疗设备远程管理系统设计

为提高医院内设备定位精度,设计基于RFID的医疗设备远程管理系统。通过阅读器、电子标签和处理器组成RFID节点,引入AS3992芯片作为核心芯片,实现数据处理和编码,执行远程指令。采用自由空间传播模型计算路径损耗产生值,通过三角定位数学方法计算待定标签位置,采用RFID定位方法确定标签的最近邻居,实现医疗设备的远程定位。实验结果表明,在没有障碍物的情况下,所提系统设备定位误差少于1 m,在有障碍物的情况下,定位误差在2 m左右,证明所提出系统定位准确性较高,满足系统的设计需求。

Integral imaging-based tabletop light field 3D display with large viewing angle

Light field 3D display technology is considered a revolutionary technology to address the critical visual fatigue issues in the existing 3D displays.Tabletop light field 3D display provides a brand-new display form that satisfies multi-user shared viewing and collaborative works,and it is poised to become a potential alternative to the traditional wall and portable display forms.However,a large radial viewing angle and correct radial perspective and parallax are still out of reach for most current tabletop light field 3D displays due to the limited amount of spatial information.To address the viewing angle and perspective issues,a novel integral imaging-based tabletop light field 3D display with a simple flat-panel structure is proposed and developed by applying a compound lens array,two spliced 8K liquid crystal display panels,and a light shaping diffuser screen.The compound lens array is designed to be composed of multiple three-piece compound lens units by employing a reverse design scheme,which greatly extends the radial viewing angle in the case of a limited amount of spatial information and balances other important 3D display parameters.The proposed display has a radial viewing angle of 68.7°in a large display size of 43.5 inches,which is larger than the conventional tabletop light field 3D displays.The radial perspective and parallax are correct,and high-resolution 3D images can be reproduced in large radial viewing positions.We envision that this proposed display opens up possibility for redefining the display forms of consumer electronics.

High-Performance and Flexible Co-Planar Integrated Microsystem of Carbon-Based All-Solid-State Micro-Supercapacitor and Real-Time Temperature Sensor

With the rapid development of flexible and portable microelectronics,the extreme demand for miniaturized,mechanically flexible,and integrated microsystems are strongly stimulated.Here,biomass-derived carbons(BDCs)are prepared by KOH activation using Qamgur precursor,exhibiting three-dimensional(3D)hierarchical porous structure.Benefiting from unobstructed 3D hierarchical porous structure,BDCs provide an excellent specific capacitance of 433 F g^(-1)and prominent cyclability without capacitance degradation after 50000 cycles at 50 A g^(-1).Furthermore,BDC-based planar micro-supercapacitors(MSCs)without metal collector,prepared by mask-assisted coating,exhibit outstanding areal-specific capacitance of 84 mF cm^(-2)and areal energy density of 10.6μWh cm^(-2),exceeding most of the previous carbon-based MSCs.Impressively,the MSCs disclose extraordinary flexibility with capacitance retention of almost 100%under extreme bending state.More importantly,a flexible planar integrated system composed of the MSC and temperature sensor is assembled to efficiently monitor the temperature variation,providing a feasible route for flexible MSC-based functional micro-devices.

Applications of carbonic acid solution for developing conversion coatings on Mg alloy

Works on exploring an environmentally clean method for producing an Mg,Al-hydrotalcite(Mg6Al2(OH) 16CO3·4H2O) layer and/or calcium carbonate(CaCO3) layer on Mg alloy in a carbonic acid solution system(aqueous HCO3-/CO3 2-or Ca 2+ /HCO3-) at 50℃ were reviewed.Conversion treatment for the Mg,Al-hydrotalcite conversion coating was as follows.Mg alloy was treated first in acidic HCO3-/CO3 2-aqueous for precursor layer formation on Mg alloy surface and then in alkaline HCO3-/CO3 2-aqueous to form a crystallized Mg,Al-hydrotalcite coating.Duration of an Mg,Al-hydrotalcite coating on Mg alloy surface was reduced from 12 h to 4 h by the conversion treatment.On the other hand,for reducing the formation time of CaCO3 coating on Mg alloy,the aqueous Ca 2+ /HCO3-with a saturated Ca 2+ content was employed for developing a CaCO3 coating on Mg alloy.A dense CaCO3 coating could yield on Mg alloy surface in 2 h.Corrosion rate(corrosion current density,Jcorr) of the Mg,Al-hydrotalcite-coated sample and CaCO3-coated AZ91D sample was 7-10μA/cm 2,roughly two orders less than the Jcorr of the as-diecast sample(about 200μA/cm 2) . No corrosion spot on the Mg,Al-hydrotalcite-coated sample and CaCO3-coated sample was observed after 72 h and 192 h salt spray test,respectively.

A transceiver frequency conversion module based on 3D micropackaging technology

The idea of Ku-band transceiver frequency conversion module design based on 3D micropackaging technology is proposed. By using the double frequency conversion technology,the dual transceiver circuit from Ku-band to L-band is realized by combining with the local oscillator and the power control circuit to complete functions such as amplification, filtering and gain. In order to achieve the performance optimization and a high level of integration of the Ku-band monolithic microwave integrated circuits(MMIC) operating chip, the 3 D vertical interconnection micro-assembly technology is used. By stacking solder balls on the printed circuit board(PCB), the technology decreases the volume of the original transceiver to a miniaturized module. The module has a good electromagnetic compatibility through special structure designs. This module has the characteristics of miniaturization, low power consumption and high density, which is suitable for popularization in practical application.

Transcription factor-based gene therapy to treat glioblastoma through direct neuronal conversion

Objective:Glioblastoma(GBM)is the most prevalent and aggressive adult primary cancer in the central nervous system.Therapeutic approaches for GBM treatment are under intense investigation,including the use of emerging immunotherapies.Here,we propose an alternative approach to treat GBM through reprogramming proliferative GBM cells into non-proliferative neurons.Methods:Retroviruses were used to target highly proliferative human GBM cells through overexpression of neural transcription factors.Immunostaining,electrophysiological recording,and bulk RNA-seq were performed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the neuronal conversion of human GBM cells.An in vivo intracranial xenograft mouse model was used to examine the neuronal conversion of human GBM cells.Results:We report efficient neuronal conversion from human GBM cells by overexpressing single neural transcription factor Neurogenic differentiation 1(Neuro D1),Neurogenin-2(Neurog2),or Achaete-scute homolog 1(Ascl1).Subtype characterization showed that the majority of Neurog2-and Neuro D1-converted neurons were glutamatergic,while Ascl1 favored GABAergic neuron generation.The GBM cell-converted neurons not only showed pan-neuronal markers but also exhibited neuron-specific electrophysiological activities.Transcriptome analyses revealed that neuronal genes were activated in glioma cells after overexpression of neural transcription factors,and different signaling pathways were activated by different neural transcription factors.Importantly,the neuronal conversion of GBM cells was accompanied by significant inhibition of GBM cell proliferation in both in vitro and in vivo models.Conclusions:These results suggest that GBM cells can be reprogrammed into different subtypes of neurons,leading to a potential alternative approach to treat brain tumors using in vivo cell conversion technology.

Innovation leading development:a glimpse into three-dimensional bioprinting in Israel

Three-dimensional(3D)printing has attracted increasing research interest as an emerging manufacturing technology for devel-oping sophisticated and exquisite architecture through hierarchical printing.It has also been employed in various advanced industrial areas.The development of intelligent biomedical engineering has raised the requirements for 3D printing,such as flexible manufacturing processes and technologies,biocompatible constituents,and alternative bioproducts.However,state-of-the-art 3D printing mainly involves inorganics or polymers and generally focuses on traditional industrial fields,thus severely limiting applications demanding biocompatibility and biodegradability.In this regard,peptide architectonics,which are self-assembled by programmed amino acid sequences that can be flexibly functionalized,have shown promising potential as bioinspired inks for 3D printing.Therefore,the combination of 3D printing and peptide self-assembly poten-tially opens up an alternative avenue of 3D bioprinting for diverse advanced applications.Israel,a small but innovative nation,has significantly contributed to 3D bioprinting in terms of scientific studies,marketization,and peptide architectonics,including modulations and applications,and ranks as a leading area in the 3D bioprinting field.This review summarizes the recent progress in 3D bioprinting in Israel,focusing on scientific studies on printable components,soft devices,and tissue engineering.This paper further delves into the manufacture of industrial products,such as artificial meats and bioinspired supramolecular architectures,and the mechanisms,physicochemical properties,and applications of peptide self-assembly.Undoubtedly,Israel contributes significantly to the field of 3D bioprinting and should thus be appropriately recognized.

Construction of 2D Zn‐MOF/BiVO_(4)S‐scheme heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion under visible light irradiation

The construction of S‐scheme heterojunction photocatalysts has been regarded as an effective avenue to facilitate the conversion of solar energy to fuel.However,there are still considerable challenges with regard to efficient charge transfer,the abundance of catalytic sites,and extended light absorption.Herein,an S‐scheme heterojunction of 2D/2D zinc porphyrin‐based metal‐organic frameworks/BiVO_(4)nanosheets(Zn‐MOF/BVON)was fabricated for efficient photocatalytic CO_(2)conversion.The optimal one shows a 22‐fold photoactivity enhancement when compared to the previously reported BiVO4 nanoflake(ca.15 nm),and even exhibits~2‐time improvement than the traditional g‐C3N4/BiVO4 heterojunction.The excellent photoactivities are ascribed to the strengthened S‐scheme charge transfer and separation,promoted CO_(2)activation by the well‐dispersed metal nodes Zn_(2)(COO)_(4)in the Zn‐MOF,and extended visible light response range based on the results of the electrochemical reduction,electron paramagnetic resonance,and in‐situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy.The dimension‐matched Zn‐MOF/BVON S‐scheme heterojunction endowed with highly efficient charge separation and abundant catalytic active sites contributed to the superior CO2 conversion.This study offers a facile strategy for constructing S‐scheme heterojunctions involving porphyrin‐based MOFs for solar fuel production.

Design of a 20-Gsps 12-bit time-interleaved analog-to-digital conversion system

The time-interleaved analog-to-digital conversion(TIADC)technique is an effective method for increasing the sampling rate in a waveform digitization system.In this study,a 20-Gsps TIADC system was designed.A wide-bandwidth performance was achieved by optimizing the analog circuits,and a sufficient effective number of bits(ENOB)performance guaranteed using the perfect reconstruction algorithm for mismatch error correction.The proposed system was verified by tests,and the results indicated that a-3 dB bandwidth of 6 GHz and the ENOB performance of 8.7 bits at 1 GHz and 7.6 bits at6 GHz were successfully achieved.

A new method to create depth information based on lighting analysis for 2D/3D conversion

A new method creating depth information for 2D/3D conversion was proposed. The distance between objects is determined by the distances between objects and light source position which is estimated by the analysis of the image. The estimated lighting value is used to normalize the image. A threshold value is determined by some weighted operation between the original image and the normalized image. By applying the threshold value to the original image, background area is removed. Depth information of interested area is calculated from the lighting changes. The final 3D images converted with the proposed method are used to verify its effectiveness.

A Universal Atomic Substitution Conversion Strategy Towards Synthesis of Large‑Size Ultrathin Nonlayered Two‑Dimensional Materials

Nonlayered two-dimensional(2D)materials have attracted increasing attention,due to novel physical properties,unique surface structure,and high compatibility with microfabrication technique.However,owing to the inherent strong covalent bonds,the direct synthesis of 2D planar structure from nonlayered materials,especially for the realization of large-size ultrathin 2D nonlayered materials,is still a huge challenge.Here,a general atomic substitution conversion strategy is proposed to synthesize large-size,ultrathin nonlayered 2D materials.Taking nonlayered CdS as a typical example,large-size ultrathin nonlayered CdS single-crystalline flakes are successfully achieved via a facile low-temperature chemical sulfurization method,where pre-grown layered CdI2 flakes are employed as the precursor via a simple hot plate assisted vertical vapor deposition method.The size and thickness of CdS flakes can be controlled by the CdI2 precursor.The growth mechanism is ascribed to the chemical substitution reaction from I to S atoms between CdI2 and CdS,which has been evidenced by experiments and theoretical calculations.The atomic substitution conversion strategy demonstrates that the existing 2D layered materials can serve as the precursor for difficult-to-synthesize nonlayered 2D materials,providing a bridge between layered and nonlayered materials,meanwhile realizing the fabrication of large-size ultrathin nonlayered 2D materials.

A novel method for virtual clearance computation of high-speed train based on model integration and convex hull

The 3D clearance of a high-speed train(HST) is critical to ensure the safety of railway transportation. Many studies have been conducted on the inspection of the clearance profile in railway operation based on the vision system, but few researchers have focused on the computation of the 3D clearance in the design phase of an HST. This paper summarizes the virtual 3D clearance computation of an HST based on model integration and the convex hull method. First, both the aerodynamic and kinetic analysis models of the HST are constructed. The two models are then integrated according to the corresponding relationship map, and an array of transformation matrixes of the HST is created to drive the designed model simulating the physical railway motion. Furthermore, the convex hull method is adopted to compute the 3D envelope of the moving train. Finally, the Hausdorff metric is involved in the measurement of the minimum clearance model and the 3D envelope model. In addition, the color map of the Hausdorff distance is established to verify that the designed shape of the HST meets the national standards. This paper provides an effective method to accurately calculate the 3D clearance for the shape design of an HST, which greatly reduces the development cost by minimizing the physical prototype that must be built.

A Distributed 2D-to-3D Video Conversion System

2D-to-3D video conversion is a feasible way to generate 3D programs for the current 3DTV industry. However, for large-scale 3D video production, current systems are no longer adequate in terms of the time and labor required for conversion. In this paper, we introduce a distributed 2D-to-3D video conversion system that includes a 2D-to-3D video conversion module, architecture of the parallel computation on the cloud, and 3D video coding in the system. The system enables cooperation among multiple users in the simultaneous completion of their conversion tasks so that the conversion efficiency is greatly promoted. In the experiments, we evaluate the system based on criteria related to both time consumption and video coding performance.

“6D法则”在住院医师规范化培训院级师资培训中的探索和运用——以教学查房培训为例

目的在住院医师规范化培训(简称住培)院级师资培训中引入“6 D法则”,推进师资培训的“三个转化”,即住培师资岗位需求的转化、培训内容的转化、师资内在的素质和能力的转化。方法以院级教学查房培训为例,将培训设计为准备、培训、转化和评估4个阶段,实现培训后的转化以及培训质量的改善。结果基于“6 D法则”的教学查房培训过后,以教学督导的形式进行总结性评估。接受过教学查房培训的师资平均得分为90.00分,未接受过教学查房培训的师资平均得分为84.93分,培训达到了预期目标。结论“6 D法则”采用系统化思维方式,注重学习转化和绩效的改善,将以终为始的理念贯穿整个培训过程,有利于培训取得实效。

不同血清25羟维生素D水平对早产儿脑发育的影响

目的:探讨不同血清25羟维生素D[25(OH)D]水平对早产儿脑发育的影响。方法:选取2021年1月~2023年1月安徽省妇幼保健院收治的早产儿293例作为研究对象,收集早产儿相关资料并测量出生48 h血清25(OH)D水平,将血清25(OH)D水平≥75 nmol/L作为正常组,<75 nmol/L作为缺乏组,均接受振幅整合脑电图(aEEG)监测并计算实际总分,参照《新生儿振幅整合脑电图临床应用专家共识》由相应胎龄早产儿的总分平均值减去实际总分得到校正后总分以评价早产儿脑发育情况。采用Pearson相关系数分析25(OH)D和早产儿脑发育的相关性。结果:293例患儿25(OH)D水平为(69.95±14.16)nmol/L,其中98例血清25(OH)D水平≥75 nmol/L,195例血清25(OH)D水平<75 nmol/L。正常组的出生胎龄[(33.76±1.92)周]较缺乏组[(32.86±2.35)周]大,正常组出生后的体质量[(2 115.80±521.37)g]较缺乏组[(1 965.56±562.41)g]重(P<0.05);正常组aEEG参数、睡眠-觉醒周期(SWC)、带宽(B)及总分均高于缺乏组(P<0.05);校正后aEEG总分(0.49±1.09)分,Pearson相关性分析显示,早产儿血清25(OH)D水平与校正后aEEG总分呈显著负相关(r=-0.343,P<0.05)。结论:血清25(OH)D和早产儿脑发育有关,监测25(OH)D水平有助于评价早产儿早期脑发育情况。

Biomimetic 3D printing of composite structures with decreased cracking

The development of tissue engineering and regeneration research has created new platforms for bone transplantation.However,the preparation of scaffolds with good fiber integrity is challenging,because scaffolds prepared by traditional printing methods are prone to fiber cracking during solvent evaporation.Human skin has an excellent natural heat-management system,which helps to maintain a constant body temperature through perspiration or blood-vessel constriction.In this work,an electrohydrodynamic-jet 3D-printing method inspired by the thermal-management system of skin was developed.In this system,the evaporation of solvent in the printed fibers can be adjusted using the temperature-change rate of the substrate to prepare 3D structures with good structural integrity.To investigate the solvent evaporation and the interlayer bonding of the fibers,finite-element analysis simulations of a three-layer microscale structure were carried out.The results show that the solvent-evaporation path is from bottom to top,and the strain in the printed structure becomes smaller with a smaller temperaturechange rate.Experimental results verified the accuracy of these simulation results,and a variety of complex 3D structures with high aspect ratios were printed.Microscale cracks were reduced to the nanoscale by adjusting the temperature-change rate from 2.5 to 0.5℃s-1.Optimized process parameters were selected to prepare a tissue engineering scaffold with high integrity.It was confirmed that this printed scaffold had good biocompatibility and could be used for bone-tissue regeneration.This simple and flexible 3D-printing method can also help with the preparation of a wide range of micro-and nanostructured sensors and actuators.