Construction Method of Rail Transit Oriented Metropolitan Area under the Integration of Four Networks

In the process of metropolitan area integration,the current rail transit development is not enough to support the rapid expansion of the economy and population of the metropolitan area.It is necessary to attach importance to the important role of rail transit as a support system,promote the integrated development of the metropolitan area,and create a metropolitan area on the track.Through the problems in rail transit development,the development concept of “four networks integration” of rail transit is put forward.From multiple aspects of planning,construction and operation,reasonable promotion strategies are proposed,which could provide feasible suggestions for promoting the construction of metropolitan area on the track.

Design Strategy of Underground Space of Urban Rail Transit Complex Based on Integration Concept

With the accelerated development and utilization of urban underground space,the underground space design of complex based on rail transit has attracted much attention.By sorting out the integration concept and constructing the logical framework of integrated design,the integrated design strategy is proposed from the aspects of function,transportation,space and environment on the urban scale,and the evaluation points of integrated design effect are put forward from the aspects of accessibility,coordination,openness and symbolism.

The Research of Urban Rail Transit Sectional Passenger Flow Prediction Method

This paper studies the short-term prediction methods of sectional passenger flow, and selects BP neural network combined with the characteristics of sectional passenger flow itself. With a case study, we design three different schemes. We use Matlab to realize the prediction of the sectional passenger flow of the Beijing subway Line 2 and make comparative analysis. The empirical research shows that combining data characteristics of sectional passenger flow with the BP neural network have good prediction accuracy.

SOME MEASURES OF INCREASING RAIL TRANSIT RIDERSHIPS: CASE STUDIES

This paper is mainly concerned with how to increase rail transit ridership and how to coordinate with multimodity to optimize the entire public transportation systems. Three case cities, Montreal, Toronto and San Francisco, with metro systems are reviewed in different aspects, including urban planning, transport policy, flexible fare system, safety and security measure, special service, new technical application to improve the quality and value of its service for increasing revenues and profit, comtributing to the long term development of public transit. Some conclusions can be drawn: 1) urban planning should be closely connected with urban transport planning; 2) the role of government is predominant to implement railtransit; 3) the facilifies of railtransit should be advanced, reliable and safe; 4) quality service should be match with rail facilities; 5) special service for the disabled, yound and senior should be advocated.

Importance Analysis of Urban Rail Transit Network Station Based on Passenger

Current urban rail transit has become a major mode of transportation, and passenger is an important factor of urban rail transport, so this article is based on passenger and the degree of the road network structure, calculating the point intensity of stations of urban rail transit, and then reaching a station importance by integrating many point intensities in a survey cycle time, and getting the station importance of urban rail transit network through concrete examples.

A simulation model for estimating train and passenger delays in large-scale rail transit networks

A simulation model was proposed to investigate the relationship between train delays and passenger delays and to predict the dynamic passenger distribution in a large-scale rail transit network.It was assumed that the time varying original-destination demand and passenger path choice probability were given.Passengers were assumed not to change their destinations and travel paths after delay occurs.Capacity constraints of train and queue rules of alighting and boarding were taken into account.By using the time-driven simulation,the states of passengers,trains and other facilities in the network were updated every time step.The proposed methodology was also tested in a real network,for demonstration.The results reveal that short train delay does not necessarily result in passenger delays,while,on the contrary,some passengers may get benefits from the short delay.However,large initial train delay may result in not only knock-on train and passenger delays along the same line,but also the passenger delays across the entire rail transit network.

Integrated Layout and Transfer of Urban Rail Transit Hubs

This paper is engaged in the research of urban rail transit hub integration and transfer.Firstly,this paper focuses on the space division,the aggregation form of hub subsystems,the spatial layout of hub subsystems,and the design of integrated functions to achieve an integrated layout.In addition,this study also conducted a selection of transfer classification and transfer station layout of urban rail transit hubs,with the aims to promote the improvement of the functions of urban rail transit hubs,the rationality of transfers,and to improve the service quality of the hub system which meet the demand of the public travel.

Rational scale of urban rail transit network based on system dynamics

Urban rail transit(URT) has been playing an important role in urban sustainable development with its advantages of high speed,large capacity,high efficiency and low pollution.Estimating URT network scale is the key to ensure the scientificity and feasibility of its construction.The existing studies on rational scale of URT network have not dealt with the interaction of supply and demand.This paper describes the establishment of a system dynamics model of rational URT network scale determination,considering the interaction between URT construction and city social economic development as well as the dynamic equilibrium of capital supply and traffic demand,and the verification of the model validity by applying it to the case of Wuhan City's URT construction.

Estimation method for a skip-stop operation strategy for urban rail transit in China

The skip-stop operation strategy （SOS） is rarely applied to Chinese urban rail transit networks because it is a simple scheme and a less universally popular transportation service. However, the SOS has performance advantages, in that the total trip time can be reduced depending on the number of skipped stations, crowds of passengers can be rapidly evacuated at congested stations in peak periods, and the cost to transit companies is reduced. There is a contradiction between reducing the trip time under the SOS and increasing the passengers＇ waiting times under an all-stop scheme. Given this situation, the three objectives of our study were to minimize the waiting and trip times of all passengers and the travel times of trains. A comprehensive estimation model is presented for the SOS. The mechanism through which the trip time for all passengers is affected by the SOS is analyzed in detail. A 0-I integer programming formulation is established for the three objectives, and is solved using a tabu search algorithm. Finally, an example is presented to demonstrate that the estimation method for the SOS is capable of optimizing the timetable and operation schemes for a Chinese urban rail transit network.

Modified stochastic user-equilibrium assignment algorithm for urban rail transit under network operation

Based on the framework of method of successive averages(MSA), a modified stochastic user-equilibrium assignment algorithm was proposed, which can be used to calculate the passenger flow distribution of urban rail transit(URT) under network operation. In order to describe the congestion's impact to passengers' route choices, a generalized cost function with in-vehicle congestion was set up. Building on the k-th shortest path algorithm, a method for generating choice set with time constraint was embedded, considering the characteristics of network operation. A simple but efficient route choice model, which was derived from travel surveys for URT passengers in China, was introduced to perform the stochastic network loading at each iteration in the algorithm. Initial tests on the URT network in Shanghai City show that the methodology, with rational calculation time, promises to compute more precisely the passenger flow distribution of URT under network operation, compared with those practical algorithms used in today's China.

新工科背景下专业实习体系探索与实践——以轨道交通信号与控制专业为例

为适应新工科对人才培养的新要求,针对轨道交通信号与控制专业的实习体系在实践过程中存在的主要问题,通过深化产教融合、强化虚实结合、细化考评综合,建立纵向“三阶段”逐级递进、横向“双形式”互补的实习新模式,形成“一平台,双引擎,三大素质”的实习教学新理念,构建“一核心,三过程,九指标”的综合能力评价新机制。在实习组织形式、实习资源整合、实习评价方式等方面进行积极探索和大胆实践,对其他工科专业的实习教学体系建立有一定借鉴和参考意义。

基于数据融合的城市轨道交通大客流预警研究

为了降低因节假日或突发时间导致的客流拥堵,促进客运部门快速应对客流波动,提出了一种基于数据融合的城市轨道交通大客流预警方法。通过对客流参数预测信息进行融合,获得符合实际客流瓶颈点的参数信息,以完成轨道交通大客流预警。提出的方法利用动态贝叶斯网络,实现了历史数据与运输服务信息的融合。以城市假期期间五条线路每日客流量为例,通过对比实验验证了提出方法的有效性与准确性。

2023年世界城市轨道交通运营统计与分析综述

参考国际上较为通用的统计标准,将城市轨道交通分为地铁、轻轨和有轨电车三大类,对世界城轨交通运营现状进行统计。分析表明:截至2023年底,全球有79个国家和地区的563座城市开通了城市轨道交通系统,总里程超过43400.40 km,其中地铁、轻轨、有轨电车分别占50.07%、10.69%和39.24%;中国(含港澳台)累计有66座城市开通运营轨道交通,运营里程达11900.29 km,其中中国内地运营里程11232.65 km。2022年,全球59个国家的183座城市地铁累计运送乘客586.52亿人次,平均负荷强度0.81万人次/(km·d),其中中国(含港澳台)地铁年客流量为212.51亿人次。我国城市轨道交通持续稳步发展,线网规模和客流规模继续居全球第一。统计国务院52号文件发布后的中国轨道交通的线网规模数据,预测低运量城市轨道交通系统将在中国内地有较好的发展前景,特别是中西部地区,以促进城市绿色、可持续发展。同时,根据疫情前后全球主要国家(地区)和城市的客流数据,预计中国内地客流量将在2024—2025年恢复至疫情前水平。

基于用地性质与乘客需求特性分析的TOD开发方案优化思路与方法研究

积极推进轨道交通站点与周边土地使用的深度一体化,已经成为城市高质量发展的关键。然而,TOD项目有成功,也有失败。本文通过天津、重庆案例深入分析了TOD项目成败的关键,在此基础上提出了TOD项目潜在客户需求总量与需求结构分析的思路与方法,最后提出了优化评价TOD项目的评价分析指标,期待能为推进TOD深度发展和广泛应用提供参考。

轨道站网络中心性、客流与空间热力耦合分析

城市空间热力反映了人口聚集与街道活力。为探究城市轨道交通与空间热力分布的互动关系,从微观层面的轨道站点切入,采用百度热力图和轨道站点客流数据,以上海为例,对轨道站点的网络中心性、客流与站域空间热力进行耦合分析。首先采用Pearson双变量相关性研究两类轨道站点属性与空间热力的总体耦合关系,然后引入双变量空间自相关和地理加权回归分析方法分别挖掘网络中心性与站域热力、站域热力与站点客流的空间关联模式,并对比两类耦合性的空间差异。结果表明:轨道站点的网络中心性与空间热力的耦合性明显优于轨道客流与空间热力的耦合性,交通区位优势通常能够形成较高的空间热力,客流水平的影响因素则更为复杂;空间热力更适合量化核心区以外区域的轨道交通与城市空间互动关系,轨道交通网络化对空间热力提升具有乘数效应,而在开发密度低的区域提升空间热力更有助于刺激轨道客流;利用空间热力数据评估城市核心区以外区域的新建站点客流潜力具有可行性,但仅用热力预测客流具有局限性;轨道站点周边城市更新可参考不同空间区位站点的两类耦合性差异进行优化。该研究探索了结合城市空间热力分布完善轨道交通线网布局、针对不耦合因素优化轨道站点公共交通导向型开发(TOD)的分析框架,为微观层面衡量城市轨道交通“人-地”关系提供了新视角。

轨道交通装备制造业创新组织演进机理研究

本文以中国轨道交通装备制造业为案例,基于“组合赋能-创新组织演进-创新模式升级-创新能力提升-产业技术进步”分析框架,探究制造业创新组织演进及其影响。结果表明:①创新组织演进经历了创新系统、创新生态系统和创新联合体依次递进的3个阶段;②与创新组织演进同步,创新模式实现了从合作创新到协同创新再到融通创新的升级;③伴随着创新组织演进和创新模式升级,技术创新能力发展经历了技术吸收能力、技术改造能力、集成创新能力和数字化创新能力4个阶段,同时制造能力发展经历了从基础制造能力、国产化能力、整机制造能力到智能制造能力的逐级跃升;④产业依托创新系统完成了技术“跟跑”,依托创新生态系统实现了技术“并跑”,依托创新联合体则取得了技术“领跑”;⑤创新组织演进是“有为政府”和“有效市场”组合赋能的结果。轨道交通装备制造业创新组织演进机理研究既能丰富产学研融合创新理论体系,也为其他高端制造业突破关键核心技术国际封锁提供理论启示。

轨道交通行业校企双元育人的创新路径研究

职业教育作为一种跨界教育,是一种学校与企业双主体合作育人的教育形式。轨道交通行业因为管理体制与治理方式的特殊性,校企在“双元”育人的动力机制、课程体系构建机制以及人才培养质量评价体系等方面存在着问题。在产教融合背景下,通过推动轨道交通行业校企“双元”育人动力机制的有效运行、完善课程体系构建机制以及构建科学的人才培养质量评价体系等措施,创新轨道交通行业校企“双元”育人路径,提升轨道交通专业人才培养质量。

北京市轨道交通线网规划探索与实践

作为超大城市的北京市进入新发展阶段,面临新发展要求,其轨道交通线网规划也需要进行适应性转变。为充分发挥轨道交通线网规划对于北京城市高质量发展的服务和引领作用,文章针对北京市轨道交通线网规划所面临的主要问题和新发展要求,在分析和总结轨道交通线网在规划对象、手段和范畴方面转型特征的基础上,从服务首都、城市协同、多网融合、精细服务、创新实施5方面探索北京市轨道交通线网规划新理念,并据此有针对性地提出相关实践建议,以期为进一步优化完善北京市轨道交通线网规划工作、推动轨道交通与城市的高质量融合发展提供参考和借鉴。

基于改进浮动单元的城市职住平衡时间尺度估计——以广州市为例

已有研究对城市职住平衡的测度往往存在可塑性面积单元问题,且忽略了交通网络在职住联系中的媒介作用。提出一种改进的浮动单元法,构建基于道路和城市轨道交通网络的数据集,以时间为职住分析尺度生成浮动单元,运用手机信令数据对职住平衡进行测度。以广州市为例,对就业中心和居住区的职住平衡时间尺度进行估计。研究发现:广州市中心城区职住平衡时间尺度分布呈圈层式空间特征,职住平衡时间尺度从一级就业中心向外围先减小再增大;城市轨道交通缩小了就业中心的职住平衡时间尺度;一级、二级(不处于一级就业中心的辐射范围内)和三级就业中心的职住平衡时间尺度分别为32~40 min、14~28 min和10~20 min,而居住组团的职住平衡时间尺度主要依附于就业中心且受到城市轨道交通的影响。最后,提出在合适的时间尺度下对职住空间结构进行评估和优化住房和就业等资源配置,并重视城市轨道交通对职住空间结构的影响。

城市轨道交通列车加开计划编制模型研究

本文主要研究城市轨道交通在计划编制阶段由于客流不均衡需要在初始运行图加开列车的问题,在确保列车运行安全降低运营成本的前提下合理地加开列车实现运输能力的灵活配置。将列车运行过程形式化描述为事件-活动网络,构建了分时段多目标优化列车加开计划编制模型,提出了启发式决策规则与禁忌搜索算法相结合的两阶段求解算法。结合地铁运行实际数据,在高峰时段和平峰时段分别构建不同算例场景,验证了模型和算法的可行性和有效性。