The green high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques of integrated management of water and fertilizer for maize under mulch drip irrigation are described from the aspects of high yield target of maize and i...The green high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques of integrated management of water and fertilizer for maize under mulch drip irrigation are described from the aspects of high yield target of maize and its component factor indexes,pre-sowing preparation,sowing,post-sowing management,field management at the seedling stage,integrated management of water and fertilizer for target yield of maize,rational application of micro-fertilizer,comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and pests,timely harvest,etc.,in order to provide a reference for agricultural technicians,maize farmers and maize industry development in northern Xinjiang.展开更多
Integration of water, fertilizer and pesticide is the final stage of agricultural development, which improves the utilization efficiency of water, fertilizer and pesticide. Starting from the design and realization of ...Integration of water, fertilizer and pesticide is the final stage of agricultural development, which improves the utilization efficiency of water, fertilizer and pesticide. Starting from the design and realization of water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated automatic control device, the paper discusses selection and application of fertilizer pesticides, use procedure, water, fertilizer and pesticide saving effect and receptive crowd in the application process of modern planting industry, so as to provide the basis for promotion and popularization of water, fertilizer and pesticide integration.展开更多
Taking Hongyan strawberry as the material and PE drip irrigation tape and fertilizer applicator as the tool of integrated application of water and fertilizer,this experiment studied the effects of six fertilizers incl...Taking Hongyan strawberry as the material and PE drip irrigation tape and fertilizer applicator as the tool of integrated application of water and fertilizer,this experiment studied the effects of six fertilizers including Batian,Jiashili,Wangdefeng,Stanley,volfertile and calcium protein on yield and quality of strawberry. The experimental results showed that different water-soluble fertilizers had different effects on the main economic traits of strawberry. For the maximum single fruit mass,the highest was volfertile treatment( 28. 72 g),followed by calcium protein treatment,and the lowest was Stanley treatment( 23. 89 g). The fruit treated with Batian,volfertile and calcium protein was hard in the texture,the fruit treated with Wangdefeng was harder,that of Stanley was softer,and that of Jiashili was soft. The strawberry fruit treated with Wangdefeng and calcium protein was sweet,the fruit treated with volfertile and Batian was sweet,that treated with Jiashili was sour and sweet,and that treated with Stanley was slightly sour. The fruit treated with calcium protein,volfertile and Batian showed strong storage resistance.Strawberry plants treated with Batian,Wangdefeng,Stanley,and calcium protein showed stronger growth,and strawberry plants showed a semi-opening pattern. The yield of strawberry treated with volfertile was highest( 17 400 kg/ha),which was significantly increased compared with other treatments,followed by that treated by Stanley( 13 140 kg/ha).展开更多
Integrated water and fertilizer technology has the advantages of saving water,fertilizer and labour,which is widely applied in tomato plantation. Integrated water and fertilizer technology in topdressing and whole pro...Integrated water and fertilizer technology has the advantages of saving water,fertilizer and labour,which is widely applied in tomato plantation. Integrated water and fertilizer technology in topdressing and whole process of big and small tomatoes were studied,and their application effects were contrasted and analyzed,and application advantages and scopes of the two models were concluded.展开更多
In order to study the effect of 30% Tiange multifunctional pesticide-fertilizer on sugarcane pests and sugarcane yield,the field test was conducted with conventional compound fertilizer and 3% carbofuran fertilizer gr...In order to study the effect of 30% Tiange multifunctional pesticide-fertilizer on sugarcane pests and sugarcane yield,the field test was conducted with conventional compound fertilizer and 3% carbofuran fertilizer granules as control. The results showed that 30% Tiange multifunctional pesticide-fertilizer could effectively suppress some pests such as sugarcane borer,thrip,aphid and cockchafer. 90 d after pesticide-fertilizer application,the sugarcane withered heart rate was 1. 55% and 2. 55% in the two test points,respectively,significantly lower than the rate of 15. 40% and 19. 40% under control. Before harvest,the sugarcane borer damage rate in the two test points under pesticide-fertilizer treatment was 8. 70% and 9. 47%,respectively,significantly lower than the rate of 34. 50% and 33. 50% under control,and the sugarcane yield was 21. 16% and 22. 14% higher than under control,respectively. 30% Tiange multifunctional pesticide-fertilizer had nutritional and insecticidal effect,which could help to achieve sugarcane pesticide-fertilizer integration and save labor and costs.展开更多
To achieve the purpose of reducing farm non-point source pollution, we integrated site specific nitrogen management precise irrigation, controlled drainage, and wetland eco-repair system in dike area of Taihu basin. D...To achieve the purpose of reducing farm non-point source pollution, we integrated site specific nitrogen management precise irrigation, controlled drainage, and wetland eco-repair system in dike area of Taihu basin. During investigation, it had given prominence for the water and fertilizer coupling effects of precise irrigation and site specific nutrient management, the characteristics of integration on controlled irrigation, controlled drainage and wetland ecosystem non-point source pollution control. Then the water and fertilizer integrated management mode of paddy field was put forward in Taihu basin where the water production efficiency increased to 1.64 kg. m-3, water saved 37.8%, fertilizer use efficiency raised 15,4%, yield raised 10%, and N, P load decreased 26%-72%. The modern agricultural and farmland ecosystems that control and cut down the farm non-point source pollution came into being, which can be a reference by Taihu basin to control its agricultural non-point source pollution and eutrophicated water body.展开更多
Water quality in China is becoming a severe challenge for agriculture and food safety, and it might also impact health of population via agriculture and food. Thus, it is causing widespread concern. Based on extensive...Water quality in China is becoming a severe challenge for agriculture and food safety, and it might also impact health of population via agriculture and food. Thus, it is causing widespread concern. Based on extensive literatures review and data mining, current situation of water pollution in China and its effects on food safety were analyzed. The 2nd National Water Resource Survey in China show that the surface water all over the country was under slight pollution and about 60% of groundwater is polluted. Drinking water quality is basically guaranteed in urban area but it is worrisome in rural areas. In addition, China is the largest consumer of fertilizer and pesticide in the world and the amounts of application still show increasing trends. Fertilizers and pesticides are the most important sources of pollution, which affect human health as persistent organic pollutants and environmental endocrine disruptors. Eutrophication of surface water and nitrate pollution of groundwater are serious threats to drinking water safety. Sewage irrigation is becoming a pollution source to China's water and land because of lacking of effective regulations. Although, with the advance in technology and management level, control of nitrogen and phosphorus emissions and reducing water pollution is still a major challenge for China.展开更多
[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation and fertilization on population structure and yield of wheat.[Methods]With Shannong 29 as an experimental material,the effects of irrigati...[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation and fertilization on population structure and yield of wheat.[Methods]With Shannong 29 as an experimental material,the effects of irrigation and fertilization on population,dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat were studied.[Results]Integrated water-saving irrigation and fertilization of ridged field was the best with the highest population,dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for high-yield and high-efficiency wheat production with saved water and fertilizers.展开更多
在水肥一体化控制过程中,水肥浓度变化呈现非线性、滞后性的特点,传统的浓度调节方式存在控制精度低、响应速度较慢等问题,难以满足新疆南疆地区设施农业黄沙基质栽培模式下的水肥施用需求。本研究针对该现象设计了一种参数自整定的模糊...在水肥一体化控制过程中,水肥浓度变化呈现非线性、滞后性的特点,传统的浓度调节方式存在控制精度低、响应速度较慢等问题,难以满足新疆南疆地区设施农业黄沙基质栽培模式下的水肥施用需求。本研究针对该现象设计了一种参数自整定的模糊PID控制策略,根据输入误差和误差变化率,结合模糊规则,输出Δkp、Δki、Δkd 3个整定参数,实现了对传统PID控制参数的实时调节。结果表明与传统PID控制策略相比,在母液电导率为7.2 mS cm的条件下,模糊PID在控制水肥电导率达到设定值时超调量减少了46.40%,稳态时间提前了39.05 s,具有良好鲁棒性、稳态性和响应特性,能够满足黄沙基质栽培模式下的精准水肥施用需求。展开更多
变量施肥是精准农业的重要组成部分,非线性、大惯性和参数时变性是影响水肥一体化控制系统精度和稳态性能的关键因素。PID控制算法因其简单方便而被人们广泛应用于工农业领域中,但往往很难达到理想的控制效果。灰狼优化算法(Gray Wolf O...变量施肥是精准农业的重要组成部分,非线性、大惯性和参数时变性是影响水肥一体化控制系统精度和稳态性能的关键因素。PID控制算法因其简单方便而被人们广泛应用于工农业领域中,但往往很难达到理想的控制效果。灰狼优化算法(Gray Wolf Optimization Algorithm, GWO)是一种参数设置少且收敛性能好的群体智能优化算法,但在迭代过程中容易陷入局部最优解。为此,通过在标准GWO算法中引入遗传交叉和变异算子,结合佳点集方法,提出一种改进的新型灰狼智能优化算法(Genetic–Grey Wolf Optimization algorithm, GGWO),并将改进的遗传-灰狼优化算法应用于水肥一体化控制系统的PID控制中。以液肥控制系统为研究对象,建立相应的负反馈控制系统数学模型,分别采用常规PID控制、基于GWO的PID控制以及基于GGWO的PID等3种不同控制方法并用MatLab对其进行仿真,并对比分析了各控制方法下的系统性能指标。仿真结果表明:基于GGWO的PID控制在系统的上升时间、调节时间和适应值等性能指标上都优于其它两种控制方法,在系统的精度、均匀性、鲁棒性和稳态性能上实现了更好的控制效果,不仅满足了精准农业的作业要求,而且为后续研究打下了基础。展开更多
文摘The green high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques of integrated management of water and fertilizer for maize under mulch drip irrigation are described from the aspects of high yield target of maize and its component factor indexes,pre-sowing preparation,sowing,post-sowing management,field management at the seedling stage,integrated management of water and fertilizer for target yield of maize,rational application of micro-fertilizer,comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and pests,timely harvest,etc.,in order to provide a reference for agricultural technicians,maize farmers and maize industry development in northern Xinjiang.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Program of Guangxi Province(GK AD19245169,GK AD18281072,GK AA17202037,GK AB16380164)。
文摘Integration of water, fertilizer and pesticide is the final stage of agricultural development, which improves the utilization efficiency of water, fertilizer and pesticide. Starting from the design and realization of water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated automatic control device, the paper discusses selection and application of fertilizer pesticides, use procedure, water, fertilizer and pesticide saving effect and receptive crowd in the application process of modern planting industry, so as to provide the basis for promotion and popularization of water, fertilizer and pesticide integration.
基金Supported by Project for Experimental Demonstration of New Agricultural Technology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(Integrated Application of Water and Fertilizer for Drip Irrigation under Ground Membrane)Project for Provincial-level Farmland Quality Improvement and Fertilizer Reduction and Efficiency Increase
文摘Taking Hongyan strawberry as the material and PE drip irrigation tape and fertilizer applicator as the tool of integrated application of water and fertilizer,this experiment studied the effects of six fertilizers including Batian,Jiashili,Wangdefeng,Stanley,volfertile and calcium protein on yield and quality of strawberry. The experimental results showed that different water-soluble fertilizers had different effects on the main economic traits of strawberry. For the maximum single fruit mass,the highest was volfertile treatment( 28. 72 g),followed by calcium protein treatment,and the lowest was Stanley treatment( 23. 89 g). The fruit treated with Batian,volfertile and calcium protein was hard in the texture,the fruit treated with Wangdefeng was harder,that of Stanley was softer,and that of Jiashili was soft. The strawberry fruit treated with Wangdefeng and calcium protein was sweet,the fruit treated with volfertile and Batian was sweet,that treated with Jiashili was sour and sweet,and that treated with Stanley was slightly sour. The fruit treated with calcium protein,volfertile and Batian showed strong storage resistance.Strawberry plants treated with Batian,Wangdefeng,Stanley,and calcium protein showed stronger growth,and strawberry plants showed a semi-opening pattern. The yield of strawberry treated with volfertile was highest( 17 400 kg/ha),which was significantly increased compared with other treatments,followed by that treated by Stanley( 13 140 kg/ha).
基金Supported by "Sannongliufang" Technology Collaboration Program in Zhejiang Province in 2014
文摘Integrated water and fertilizer technology has the advantages of saving water,fertilizer and labour,which is widely applied in tomato plantation. Integrated water and fertilizer technology in topdressing and whole process of big and small tomatoes were studied,and their application effects were contrasted and analyzed,and application advantages and scopes of the two models were concluded.
基金Supported by Guangdong Science and Technology Program(2015A0202090112014A020208011+2 种基金2017A070701030)Key Supporting Farm Machine and Agronomic Technology Innovation Capacity Building Project for Improved Sugarcane Variety Breeding(Yue Nong Ji201506)Zhanjiang Science and Technology Project(2014A03020)
文摘In order to study the effect of 30% Tiange multifunctional pesticide-fertilizer on sugarcane pests and sugarcane yield,the field test was conducted with conventional compound fertilizer and 3% carbofuran fertilizer granules as control. The results showed that 30% Tiange multifunctional pesticide-fertilizer could effectively suppress some pests such as sugarcane borer,thrip,aphid and cockchafer. 90 d after pesticide-fertilizer application,the sugarcane withered heart rate was 1. 55% and 2. 55% in the two test points,respectively,significantly lower than the rate of 15. 40% and 19. 40% under control. Before harvest,the sugarcane borer damage rate in the two test points under pesticide-fertilizer treatment was 8. 70% and 9. 47%,respectively,significantly lower than the rate of 34. 50% and 33. 50% under control,and the sugarcane yield was 21. 16% and 22. 14% higher than under control,respectively. 30% Tiange multifunctional pesticide-fertilizer had nutritional and insecticidal effect,which could help to achieve sugarcane pesticide-fertilizer integration and save labor and costs.
基金Supported by NSFC (50839002)Society Development Program of Jiangsu Province (BS2007139)
文摘To achieve the purpose of reducing farm non-point source pollution, we integrated site specific nitrogen management precise irrigation, controlled drainage, and wetland eco-repair system in dike area of Taihu basin. During investigation, it had given prominence for the water and fertilizer coupling effects of precise irrigation and site specific nutrient management, the characteristics of integration on controlled irrigation, controlled drainage and wetland ecosystem non-point source pollution control. Then the water and fertilizer integrated management mode of paddy field was put forward in Taihu basin where the water production efficiency increased to 1.64 kg. m-3, water saved 37.8%, fertilizer use efficiency raised 15,4%, yield raised 10%, and N, P load decreased 26%-72%. The modern agricultural and farmland ecosystems that control and cut down the farm non-point source pollution came into being, which can be a reference by Taihu basin to control its agricultural non-point source pollution and eutrophicated water body.
基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Projects of China (JCYJ20140417144423187 and JCYJ20130331145022339)Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Water Desalinization with Renewable Energy, China
文摘Water quality in China is becoming a severe challenge for agriculture and food safety, and it might also impact health of population via agriculture and food. Thus, it is causing widespread concern. Based on extensive literatures review and data mining, current situation of water pollution in China and its effects on food safety were analyzed. The 2nd National Water Resource Survey in China show that the surface water all over the country was under slight pollution and about 60% of groundwater is polluted. Drinking water quality is basically guaranteed in urban area but it is worrisome in rural areas. In addition, China is the largest consumer of fertilizer and pesticide in the world and the amounts of application still show increasing trends. Fertilizers and pesticides are the most important sources of pollution, which affect human health as persistent organic pollutants and environmental endocrine disruptors. Eutrophication of surface water and nitrate pollution of groundwater are serious threats to drinking water safety. Sewage irrigation is becoming a pollution source to China's water and land because of lacking of effective regulations. Although, with the advance in technology and management level, control of nitrogen and phosphorus emissions and reducing water pollution is still a major challenge for China.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0301001)Shandong Province Modern Agricultural Technology Wheat Innovation Team(SDAIT-04-022,SDAIT-01-08)Agricultural Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2016B01)。
文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation and fertilization on population structure and yield of wheat.[Methods]With Shannong 29 as an experimental material,the effects of irrigation and fertilization on population,dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat were studied.[Results]Integrated water-saving irrigation and fertilization of ridged field was the best with the highest population,dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for high-yield and high-efficiency wheat production with saved water and fertilizers.
文摘在水肥一体化控制过程中,水肥浓度变化呈现非线性、滞后性的特点,传统的浓度调节方式存在控制精度低、响应速度较慢等问题,难以满足新疆南疆地区设施农业黄沙基质栽培模式下的水肥施用需求。本研究针对该现象设计了一种参数自整定的模糊PID控制策略,根据输入误差和误差变化率,结合模糊规则,输出Δkp、Δki、Δkd 3个整定参数,实现了对传统PID控制参数的实时调节。结果表明与传统PID控制策略相比,在母液电导率为7.2 mS cm的条件下,模糊PID在控制水肥电导率达到设定值时超调量减少了46.40%,稳态时间提前了39.05 s,具有良好鲁棒性、稳态性和响应特性,能够满足黄沙基质栽培模式下的精准水肥施用需求。
文摘变量施肥是精准农业的重要组成部分,非线性、大惯性和参数时变性是影响水肥一体化控制系统精度和稳态性能的关键因素。PID控制算法因其简单方便而被人们广泛应用于工农业领域中,但往往很难达到理想的控制效果。灰狼优化算法(Gray Wolf Optimization Algorithm, GWO)是一种参数设置少且收敛性能好的群体智能优化算法,但在迭代过程中容易陷入局部最优解。为此,通过在标准GWO算法中引入遗传交叉和变异算子,结合佳点集方法,提出一种改进的新型灰狼智能优化算法(Genetic–Grey Wolf Optimization algorithm, GGWO),并将改进的遗传-灰狼优化算法应用于水肥一体化控制系统的PID控制中。以液肥控制系统为研究对象,建立相应的负反馈控制系统数学模型,分别采用常规PID控制、基于GWO的PID控制以及基于GGWO的PID等3种不同控制方法并用MatLab对其进行仿真,并对比分析了各控制方法下的系统性能指标。仿真结果表明:基于GGWO的PID控制在系统的上升时间、调节时间和适应值等性能指标上都优于其它两种控制方法,在系统的精度、均匀性、鲁棒性和稳态性能上实现了更好的控制效果,不仅满足了精准农业的作业要求,而且为后续研究打下了基础。