基于Microsoft Project的建筑施工项目管理分析

在当前社会经济快速发展的情况下,建设工程数量不断增加,而传统的手工记录方式已经无法满足现代建设工程的需求。因此,采用先进的计算机技术来辅助建筑施工项目管理已成为当今建筑业发展的趋势。Microsoft Project作为一种专业的项目管理软件,具有良好的数据存储和可视化展示功能,可以有效地提高建筑施工项目的质量和效率。文章分析了如何利用Microsoft Project软件进行建筑施工项目管理,并对该方法的应用效果进行评估,以期为今后的建筑施工项目管理提供参考价值。

Analysis on Reformation of Digital Management Education of Prefabricated Construction Project Under the Background of Intelligent Construction

Prefabricated building is an important building development mode at present.It can improve the development speed and production efficiency of the construction industry,reduce the labor intensity of construction,play an important role in the development as well as the modernization of the construction industry.Due to the late development of prefabricated buildings,the talent training of prefabricated buildings lags behind,causing the development of prefabricated buildings to not achieve its required target.Therefore,the characteristics of intelligent construction need to be incorporated,the education of prefabricated buildings needs to be reformed,the education regarding digital management of prefabricated buildings should be improved,and more professional talents should be nurtured.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Highway Construction Projects in Egypt

Egypt construction projects are associated with different levels of risks. The lack of familiarity of project management standards is one of the common risks in the construction industry in Egypt. The main aim of this paper is to identify the most significant risk factors affecting highway construction project in Egypt to decrease the likelihood and impact of those risks. The research method starts with extensive literature review to provide a prime risk factors list which was also augmented to expertise to reach final risk factor list which contains all risks that may be faced during highway construction. Subsequently, a set of 12 risk groups consisting of 73 risks was selected and a questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the likelihood and consequences of the identified risks. Later, a software application was developed using MATLAB to facilitate risk evaluation of highways projects. Results indicated that the risk factors arise from owner side is one of the most common risk factors in the construction industry in Egypt as the owner in the majority of construction project in Egypt is the governmental sector, however, the overall project risk of highway construction projects in Egypt is considered as at a medium level.

The Contributions of Building Information Modelling to Sustainable Construction

Global concerns toward environmental issues have induced growing demand for new approaches in the construction because of its considerable impact on the environment and use of natural resources. Through using construction sustainability tools, methods and techniques, a greener design can be applied during various building phases. In this connection, it is argued that the analytical and integrated models applied by Building Information Modelling (BIM) may also facilitate this process to be performed more efficiently. BIM and construction sustainability are quite different initiatives, but both have received much attention in recent years in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. A rigorous analysis of the interactions between them implies that a synergy exists which, if properly it is understood that can be helpful to reduce the environmental impacts of the AEC industry. A BIM-based design model can contribute to sustainability through its three main dimensions which are environmental, economic and social. In this paper, by reviewing the existing literature on BIM and construction sustainability and using a matrix to analyze construction sustainability dimensions and BIM functionalities a number of interactions have been discussed. It can be concluded that despite there are many improvements in implementation of BIM in environmental and economic aspects of sustainability, its potential impact on social dimension has not been explicitly explored hence further studies need to be undertaken in this area.

A Quarter Century of Work to Revolutionize Architecture, Engineering and Construction Enterprise Information Systems

More than two decades ago, object-oriented representation of AEC （architecture engineering and construction） projects started to offer the promise of seamless communication of semantic data models between computer-based systems used from the design stage to the operation of the facilities. BIM （building information modelling） emerged and appeared as a means to store all relevant data generated during the life-cycle of the facilities. But this upstream view of the built environment, arising from the design and construction stages, extended to the downstream operations where building and industrial facilities appeared more and more as huge dynamic data producers and concentrators while being operated. This created new challenges leading to what is referred to as ISCs （intelligent and smart constructions）. The current state of the art is that final constructions still contain various and increasingly versatile control and service systems, which are hardly standardised, and not interconnected among themselves. Monitoring, maintenance and services are done by specialised companies, each responsible of different systems, which are relying on customised software and techniques to meet specific user needs and are based on monolithic applications that require manual configuration for specific uses, maintenance and support. We demonstrate in this paper that the early promises of integration across the actors and along the life-time of facilities have gone a long way but will only be delivered through enhanced standardisation of computerized models, representations, services and operations still not yet fully accomplished 25 years after work started.

基于高校党建引领的产学研协同育人创新模式

根据产学研协同育人目标任务,从高校党建引领的角度,探索实践校政企“智联建”的产学研协同育人创新模式。本文深刻把握校政企“智联建”的研究背景,从高校学科发展任务需求出发,发挥高校党建引领作用,结合燕山大学机械工程学院校政企“智联建”的具体实践,提供高校党建工作与产学研协同育人的融合模式与方法,并对未来工作提出思考。

智能建造背景下装配式建筑质量管理影响因素研究

为了提升装配式建筑的质量并响应相关政策要求,从资源整合、信息传递、过程工序及智能技术应用水平4个方面,界定影响装配式建筑质量的关键因素。通过调查问卷收集样本数据,并应用结构方程模型及AMOS软件,建立了装配式建筑质量管理的结构化模型。旨在探究智能建造背景下影响装配式建筑质量的关键因素和关键影响路径,并据此提出提升质量的策略建议。结果显示,信息传递、过程工序和智能技术应用水平在装配式建筑质量管理中具有显著的直接影响效应和总效应,而资源整合则在影响路径中扮演了重要的间接效应角色,研究结果对智能建造背景下的装配式建筑质量管理决策提供重要参考。

智能建管平台下工程总承包项目信息共享激励研究

信息共享是提高工程总承包(engineering-procurement-construction,EPC)项目管理效率的关键因素之一,而以建筑信息模型(BIM)技术为基础,结合云计算、人工智能、物联网等技术,在项目全生命周期内对项目成本、进度、质量、安全等多方面进行有效的数字化管控的智能建管平台的应用可以有效改善EPC项目中信息不对称现象。但是工程实践中存在总承包商信息共享积极性不高的问题。针对这一问题,以业主方主导构建的智能建管平台为特定情境,运用演化博弈理论构建业主方和总承包商之间的博弈模型,分析双方在信息共享激励过程中的策略选择并进行仿真研究,以探讨不同参数对总承包商信息共享行为的影响,以及影响双方策略选择的关键因素。结果发现:业主方的额外收益越大、激励成本越低,其更倾向于采取激励策略;总承包商积极信息共享的潜在收益越大、消极信息共享的机会收益越小,其更倾向于采取积极信息共享策略;总承包商的智能建管平台应用成熟度和对总承包商的补贴对双方的策略都有显著影响。基于此,提出业主方应从物质激励和声誉激励相结合、基于智能建管平台应用的不同时期及时调整激励策略和辅以适当惩罚机制3个维度来制定激励策略,以促进总承包商积极共享信息。

装配式建筑成本控制方法与措施探究

近年来,国家大力倡导绿色低碳、节能环保理念,传统建筑业污染严重、材料浪费大、效率低,装配式建筑采用工业化生产模式,代表建筑业一大发展趋势。目前,装配式建筑成本居高不下,高成本成为制约其发展的阻碍。基于此,文中根据工程案例进行装配式建筑项目成本影响因素分析,并提出控制对策建议,为推动装配式建筑发展提供参考。

基于建设项目全寿命周期下绿色建筑碳排放的探究

中国作为能源消耗和温室气体排放大国,其碳排放比例不断上升,其中2005年和2017年碳排放比分别为18%和27.2%,2022年更是上升到28.87%。建筑业是碳排放量最大的行业,要实现“碳达峰”“碳中和”,其碳减排任务十分紧迫,且面临严峻的挑战。因此,在建设项目全寿命周期下,开展绿色建筑对于碳减排具有重要意义,笔者针对建设项目中所涉及的建筑领域的工作环节展开了论述。

高铁客站建设的创新实践

随着国家战略发展布局需要,铁路枢纽高铁站房建设规模和数量剧增,为客站品质、乘客体验提升带来了新的挑战。以近年来中铁建工集团有限公司承建的铁路站房为例,按照“畅通融合、绿色温馨、经济艺术、智能便捷”的建设方针和“精心、精细、精致、精品”的站房建设新要求,从客站建设的新思路、新技术、新工艺和新标准4个维度,结合客站建设实践经验,梳理新时代高铁客站建设的创新方法,为我国高铁站房建设进一步向智能化、工业化、人文化、绿色化方向发展提供有益参考。

基于UWB和RFID的装配式建筑堆场管理系统研究

针对装配式混凝土建筑构件种类繁杂、尺寸较大的特点,在大规模堆场中采用人工或二维码难以有效识别和定位构件,文章基于UWB(超宽带)和RFID(射频识别)技术构建了分为四个层级的堆场管理系统,进而将功能模块划分为识别模块、定位模块、监控模块、数据模块和应用模块,实现对堆场构件的快速识别、精准定位和实时监测,可有效提高堆场利用率、管理效率和质量安全保障程度,促进智能建造技术在装配式建筑实施过程中的应用。

BIM技术在产业园建设项目厂房机电安装中的应用研究

建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,BIM)技术能够优化工程流程,减少返工和浪费,降低错误率和成本,提升项目的整体性能。同时,BIM技术还促进各方协同合作,提高沟通协调效率,减少信息丢失和误解。介绍BIM技术在厂房机电安装中的应用现状,分析了BIM技术在产业园建设项目厂房机电安装方面的优势和问题,给出了扬州新能源产业园东区建设项目中应用BIM的具体案例和实施建议。

基于投影法的虚拟现实三维建筑模型构建

虚拟现实三维建筑模型的制作过程复杂且数据量巨大,传统建模技术下的模型误差较大。为此,文章提出了基于投影法的虚拟现实三维建筑模型构建方法,通过采集和预处理实体建筑的点云数据,利用投影法生成初始模型,结合3DMax软件的纹理库添加细节信息,增强建筑模型的真实感和逼真度。该方法简化了虚拟现实三维建筑模型的制作过程,提高了模型的精准度和真实感。实验结果显示,建模平面误差为0.15 m,高程误差为0.36 m,达到了Ⅰ级建模标准。

浅议BIM技术、智能监测、绿色节能在建设工程项目管理中的应用

文章研究了BIM和智能监测的建设工程项目管理在绿色节能领域的创新应用。通过详细分析和探讨,揭示这一整合应用的核心原理和关键作用。通过综合BIM、智能监测和绿色节能理念,强调了这一整合应用对于实现可持续建筑和更高效能源利用的重要性,为未来建筑工程的发展提供了方向。

数字化技术在建筑工程施工中的应用与前瞻

近年来快速发展的数字化感知、分析与决策服务技术,可使建筑施工行业向技术密集型产业转型升级,为建筑工程施工的发展带来新的机遇。以搭载最新数字化技术的软硬件载体应用为主线,从施工信息的数字流视角,按照数字信息采集与处理‒施工组织数字化重建与推演‒工程要素管控与执行的流程,介绍了建筑工程施工中最新的数字化技术,涵盖了施工中人员、设备、物料与工程进度相关的信息采集、处理、分析与决策服务的主要方面。指出了随着工程进度变换的建筑时空信息数字模型是施工的数字基础设施,未来的数字化建筑工程施工也将具备智能化、平台化、产业化的基本特征。

装配式办公楼的深化设计

与传统建筑相比,装配式建筑具有施工周期短、质量可控、节能环保等优势。然而,在深化设计过程中,传统的二维CAD软件无法提供全面的三维设计和模拟功能,容易导致设计与实际施工之间存在差异。因此,引入BIM技术作为装配式建筑深化设计的工具,可以更好地实现设计与施工之间的衔接,提高工程质量和效率。

基于AI+BIM技术的住宅户型方案设计探索与研究

本文将人工智能领域中的AIGC(人工智能生成内容)工具与BIM技术相结合,探索研究AI+BIM技术在住宅项目户型方案设计中的应用,阐述两种技术相结合在户型方案设计中的应用实践。实践表明,AI技术能够为设计师提供创作思路,发散创作灵感,同时有效提升户型方案设计效率,缩短设计周期,以便设计师将重点放在设计创作本身。相较于传统设计方法,AI在创作的速度和创意性上有显著优势,且与BIM技术的结合能够有效帮助设计师提升后续工作的效率。本文阐述的AI+BIM技术结合应用能够为后续住宅户型设计提供参考借鉴,为建筑设计工作流智能化、信息化提供新思路。

厦门翔安国际机场航站楼智能建造系统施工应用实践

从硬件、软件、管理应用、平台建设等维度阐述智能建造定义和内涵,介绍智能建造体系的发展与国家相关政策。结合厦门翔安国际机场大型航站楼项目,针对施工时存在的工程体量大、参建方多且信息交互效率低下、部分工作机械性重复且信息化程度低、点多面广且监管难度大等重难点,论述智能建造体系在航站楼施工中的应用实践,并对其施工效率进行量化分析,包括无人机摄影、BIM技术、物联网技术、信息编程等。最后对下一步发展和研究方向进行分析,展望智能建造在航站楼施工中的应用前景。

我国绿色建筑的发展成果及环境效益

我国绿色建筑是在倡导可持续发展、低碳环保、循环经济的大背景下提出的科技环保营造概念。发展绿色建筑产业将为城乡建设及科技建筑产业的智能化发展基础。本文总结现阶段绿色建筑发展成果,明确发展方向,解读绿色建筑相关法规政策及内涵,阐述我国大力发展绿色建筑的意义,面对的挑战,现阶段产生的环境效益并提出政策建议。